lisp/emacs-lisp/timer.el

   1 ;;; timer.el --- run a function with args at some time in future
   2
   3 ;; Copyright (C) 1996, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,
   4 ;;   2009, 2010  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   5
   6 ;; Maintainer: FSF
   7 ;; Package: emacs
   8
   9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
  10
  11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  13 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  14 ;; (at your option) any later version.
  15
  16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
  20
  21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  22 ;; along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  23
  24 ;;; Commentary:
  25
  26 ;; This package gives you the capability to run Emacs Lisp commands at
  27 ;; specified times in the future, either as one-shots or periodically.
  28
  29 ;;; Code:
  30
  31 ;; Layout of a timer vector:
  32 ;; [triggered-p high-seconds low-seconds usecs repeat-delay
  33 ;;  function args idle-delay]
  34 ;; triggered-p is nil if the timer is active (waiting to be triggered),
  35 ;;  t if it is inactive ("already triggered", in theory)
  36
  37 (eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
  38
  39 (defstruct (timer
  40             (:constructor nil)
  41             (:copier nil)
  42             (:constructor timer-create ())
  43             (:type vector)
  44             (:conc-name timer--))
  45   (triggered t)
  46   high-seconds low-seconds usecs repeat-delay function args idle-delay)
  47
  48 (defun timerp (object)
  49   "Return t if OBJECT is a timer."
  50   (and (vectorp object) (= (length object) 8)))
  51
  52 ;; Pseudo field `time'.
  53 (defun timer--time (timer)
  54   (list (timer--high-seconds timer)
  55         (timer--low-seconds timer)
  56         (timer--usecs timer)))
  57
  58 (defsetf timer--time
  59   (lambda (timer time)
  60     (or (timerp timer) (error "Invalid timer"))
  61     (setf (timer--high-seconds timer) (pop time))
  62     (setf (timer--low-seconds timer)
  63           (if (consp time) (car time) time))
  64     (setf (timer--usecs timer) (or (and (consp time) (consp (cdr time))
  65                                         (cadr time))
  66                                    0))))
  67
  68
  69 (defun timer-set-time (timer time &optional delta)
  70   "Set the trigger time of TIMER to TIME.
  71 TIME must be in the internal format returned by, e.g., `current-time'.
  72 If optional third argument DELTA is a positive number, make the timer
  73 fire repeatedly that many seconds apart."
  74   (setf (timer--time timer) time)
  75   (setf (timer--repeat-delay timer) (and (numberp delta) (> delta 0) delta))
  76   timer)
  77
  78 (defun timer-set-idle-time (timer secs &optional repeat)
  79   "Set the trigger idle time of TIMER to SECS.
  80 SECS may be an integer, floating point number, or the internal
  81 time format (HIGH LOW USECS) returned by, e.g., `current-idle-time'.
  82 If optional third argument REPEAT is non-nil, make the timer
  83 fire each time Emacs is idle for that many seconds."
  84   (if (consp secs)
  85       (setf (timer--time timer) secs)
  86     (setf (timer--time timer) '(0 0 0))
  87     (timer-inc-time timer secs))
  88   (setf (timer--repeat-delay timer) repeat)
  89   timer)
  90
  91 (defun timer-next-integral-multiple-of-time (time secs)
  92   "Yield the next value after TIME that is an integral multiple of SECS.
  93 More precisely, the next value, after TIME, that is an integral multiple
  94 of SECS seconds since the epoch.  SECS may be a fraction."
  95   (let ((time-base (ash 1 16)))
  96     (if (fboundp 'atan)
  97         ;; Use floating point, taking care to not lose precision.
  98         (let* ((float-time-base (float time-base))
  99                (million 1000000.0)
 100                (time-usec (+ (* million
 101                                 (+ (* float-time-base (nth 0 time))
 102                                    (nth 1 time)))
 103                              (nth 2 time)))
 104                (secs-usec (* million secs))
 105                (mod-usec (mod time-usec secs-usec))
 106                (next-usec (+ (- time-usec mod-usec) secs-usec))
 107                (time-base-million (* float-time-base million)))
 108           (list (floor next-usec time-base-million)
 109                 (floor (mod next-usec time-base-million) million)
 110                 (floor (mod next-usec million))))
 111       ;; Floating point is not supported.
 112       ;; Use integer arithmetic, avoiding overflow if possible.
 113       (let* ((mod-sec (mod (+ (* (mod time-base secs)
 114                                  (mod (nth 0 time) secs))
 115                               (nth 1 time))
 116                            secs))
 117              (next-1-sec (+ (- (nth 1 time) mod-sec) secs)))
 118         (list (+ (nth 0 time) (floor next-1-sec time-base))
 119               (mod next-1-sec time-base)
 120               0)))))
 121
 122 (defun timer-relative-time (time secs &optional usecs)
 123   "Advance TIME by SECS seconds and optionally USECS microseconds.
 124 SECS may be either an integer or a floating point number."
 125   ;; FIXME: we should just use (time-add time (list 0 secs usecs))
 126   (let ((high (car time))
 127         (low (if (consp (cdr time)) (nth 1 time) (cdr time)))
 128         (micro (if (numberp (car-safe (cdr-safe (cdr time))))
 129                    (nth 2 time)
 130                  0)))
 131     ;; Add
 132     (if usecs (setq micro (+ micro usecs)))
 133     (if (floatp secs)
 134         (setq micro (+ micro (floor (* 1000000 (- secs (floor secs)))))))
 135     (setq low (+ low (floor secs)))
 136
 137     ;; Normalize
 138     ;; `/' rounds towards zero while `mod' returns a positive number,
 139     ;; so we can't rely on (= a (+ (* 100 (/ a 100)) (mod a 100))).
 140     (setq low (+ low (/ micro 1000000) (if (< micro 0) -1 0)))
 141     (setq micro (mod micro 1000000))
 142     (setq high (+ high (/ low 65536) (if (< low 0) -1 0)))
 143     (setq low (logand low 65535))
 144
 145     (list high low (and (/= micro 0) micro))))
 146
 147 (defun timer--time-less-p (t1 t2)
 148   "Say whether time value T1 is less than time value T2."
 149   ;; FIXME just use time-less-p.
 150   (destructuring-bind (high1 low1 micro1) (timer--time t1)
 151     (destructuring-bind (high2 low2 micro2) (timer--time t2)
 152       (or (< high1 high2)
 153           (and (= high1 high2)
 154                (or (< low1 low2)
 155                    (and (= low1 low2)
 156                         (< micro1 micro2))))))))
 157
 158 (defun timer-inc-time (timer secs &optional usecs)
 159   "Increment the time set in TIMER by SECS seconds and USECS microseconds.
 160 SECS may be a fraction.  If USECS is omitted, that means it is zero."
 161   (setf (timer--time timer)
 162         (timer-relative-time (timer--time timer) secs usecs)))
 163
 164 (defun timer-set-time-with-usecs (timer time usecs &optional delta)
 165   "Set the trigger time of TIMER to TIME plus USECS.
 166 TIME must be in the internal format returned by, e.g., `current-time'.
 167 The microsecond count from TIME is ignored, and USECS is used instead.
 168 If optional fourth argument DELTA is a positive number, make the timer
 169 fire repeatedly that many seconds apart."
 170   (setf (timer--time timer) time)
 171   (setf (timer--usecs timer) usecs)
 172   (setf (timer--repeat-delay timer) (and (numberp delta) (> delta 0) delta))
 173   timer)
 174 (make-obsolete 'timer-set-time-with-usecs
 175                "use `timer-set-time' and `timer-inc-time' instead."
 176                "22.1")
 177
 178 (defun timer-set-function (timer function &optional args)
 179   "Make TIMER call FUNCTION with optional ARGS when triggering."
 180   (or (timerp timer)
 181       (error "Invalid timer"))
 182   (setf (timer--function timer) function)
 183   (setf (timer--args timer) args)
 184   timer)
 185 \f
 186 (defun timer--activate (timer &optional triggered-p reuse-cell idle)
 187   (if (and (timerp timer)
 188            (integerp (timer--high-seconds timer))
 189            (integerp (timer--low-seconds timer))
 190            (integerp (timer--usecs timer))
 191            (timer--function timer))
 192       (let ((timers (if idle timer-idle-list timer-list))
 193             last)
 194         ;; Skip all timers to trigger before the new one.
 195         (while (and timers (timer--time-less-p (car timers) timer))
 196           (setq last timers
 197                 timers (cdr timers)))
 198         (if reuse-cell
 199             (progn
 200               (setcar reuse-cell timer)
 201               (setcdr reuse-cell timers))
 202           (setq reuse-cell (cons timer timers)))
 203         ;; Insert new timer after last which possibly means in front of queue.
 204         (if last
 205             (setcdr last reuse-cell)
 206           (if idle
 207               (setq timer-idle-list reuse-cell)
 208             (setq timer-list reuse-cell)))
 209         (setf (timer--triggered timer) triggered-p)
 210         (setf (timer--idle-delay timer) idle)
 211         nil)
 212     (error "Invalid or uninitialized timer")))
 213
 214 (defun timer-activate (timer &optional triggered-p reuse-cell idle)
 215   "Put TIMER on the list of active timers.
 216
 217 If TRIGGERED-P is t, that means to make the timer inactive
 218 \(put it on the list, but mark it as already triggered).
 219 To remove from the list, use `cancel-timer'.
 220
 221 REUSE-CELL, if non-nil, is a cons cell to reuse instead
 222 of allocating a new one."
 223   (timer--activate timer triggered-p reuse-cell nil))
 224
 225 (defun timer-activate-when-idle (timer &optional dont-wait reuse-cell)
 226   "Arrange to activate TIMER whenever Emacs is next idle.
 227 If optional argument DONT-WAIT is non-nil, then enable the
 228 timer to activate immediately, or at the right time, if Emacs
 229 is already idle.
 230
 231 REUSE-CELL, if non-nil, is a cons cell to reuse instead
 232 of allocating a new one."
 233   (timer--activate timer (not dont-wait) reuse-cell 'idle))
 234
 235 (defalias 'disable-timeout 'cancel-timer)
 236
 237 (defun cancel-timer (timer)
 238   "Remove TIMER from the list of active timers."
 239   (or (timerp timer)
 240       (error "Invalid timer"))
 241   (setq timer-list (delq timer timer-list))
 242   (setq timer-idle-list (delq timer timer-idle-list))
 243   nil)
 244
 245 (defun cancel-timer-internal (timer)
 246   "Remove TIMER from the list of active timers or idle timers.
 247 Only to be used in this file.  It returns the cons cell
 248 that was removed from the timer list."
 249   (let ((cell1 (memq timer timer-list))
 250         (cell2 (memq timer timer-idle-list)))
 251     (if cell1
 252         (setq timer-list (delq timer timer-list)))
 253     (if cell2
 254         (setq timer-idle-list (delq timer timer-idle-list)))
 255     (or cell1 cell2)))
 256
 257 (defun cancel-function-timers (function)
 258   "Cancel all timers which would run FUNCTION.
 259 This affects ordinary timers such as are scheduled by `run-at-time',
 260 and idle timers such as are scheduled by `run-with-idle-timer'."
 261   (interactive "aCancel timers of function: ")
 262   (dolist (timer timer-list)
 263     (if (eq (timer--function timer) function)
 264         (setq timer-list (delq timer timer-list))))
 265   (dolist (timer timer-idle-list)
 266     (if (eq (timer--function timer) function)
 267         (setq timer-idle-list (delq timer timer-idle-list)))))
 268 \f
 269 ;; Record the last few events, for debugging.
 270 (defvar timer-event-last nil
 271   "Last timer that was run.")
 272 (defvar timer-event-last-1 nil
 273   "Next-to-last timer that was run.")
 274 (defvar timer-event-last-2 nil
 275   "Third-to-last timer that was run.")
 276
 277 (defvar timer-max-repeats 10
 278   "*Maximum number of times to repeat a timer, if many repeats are delayed.
 279 Timer invocations can be delayed because Emacs is suspended or busy,
 280 or because the system's time changes.  If such an occurrence makes it
 281 appear that many invocations are overdue, this variable controls
 282 how many will really happen.")
 283
 284 (defun timer-until (timer time)
 285   "Calculate number of seconds from when TIMER will run, until TIME.
 286 TIMER is a timer, and stands for the time when its next repeat is scheduled.
 287 TIME is a time-list."
 288   ;; FIXME: (float-time (time-subtract (timer--time timer) time))
 289   (let ((high (- (car time) (timer--high-seconds timer)))
 290         (low (- (nth 1 time) (timer--low-seconds timer))))
 291     (+ low (* high 65536))))
 292
 293 (defun timer-event-handler (timer)
 294   "Call the handler for the timer TIMER.
 295 This function is called, by name, directly by the C code."
 296   (setq timer-event-last-2 timer-event-last-1)
 297   (setq timer-event-last-1 timer-event-last)
 298   (setq timer-event-last timer)
 299   (let ((inhibit-quit t))
 300     (if (timerp timer)
 301         (let (retrigger cell)
 302           ;; Delete from queue.  Record the cons cell that was used.
 303           (setq cell (cancel-timer-internal timer))
 304           ;; Re-schedule if requested.
 305           (if (timer--repeat-delay timer)
 306               (if (timer--idle-delay timer)
 307                   (timer-activate-when-idle timer nil cell)
 308                 (timer-inc-time timer (timer--repeat-delay timer) 0)
 309                 ;; If real time has jumped forward,
 310                 ;; perhaps because Emacs was suspended for a long time,
 311                 ;; limit how many times things get repeated.
 312                 (if (and (numberp timer-max-repeats)
 313                          (< 0 (timer-until timer (current-time))))
 314                     (let ((repeats (/ (timer-until timer (current-time))
 315                                       (timer--repeat-delay timer))))
 316                       (if (> repeats timer-max-repeats)
 317                           (timer-inc-time timer (* (timer--repeat-delay timer)
 318                                                    repeats)))))
 319                 (timer-activate timer t cell)
 320                 (setq retrigger t)))
 321           ;; Run handler.
 322           ;; We do this after rescheduling so that the handler function
 323           ;; can cancel its own timer successfully with cancel-timer.
 324           (condition-case nil
 325               ;; Timer functions should not change the current buffer.
 326               ;; If they do, all kinds of nasty surprises can happen,
 327               ;; and it can be hellish to track down their source.
 328               (save-current-buffer
 329                 (apply (timer--function timer) (timer--args timer)))
 330             (error nil))
 331           (if retrigger
 332               (setf (timer--triggered timer) nil)))
 333       (error "Bogus timer event"))))
 334
 335 ;; This function is incompatible with the one in levents.el.
 336 (defun timeout-event-p (event)
 337   "Non-nil if EVENT is a timeout event."
 338   (and (listp event) (eq (car event) 'timer-event)))
 339 \f
 340
 341 (declare-function diary-entry-time "diary-lib" (s))
 342
 343 (defun run-at-time (time repeat function &rest args)
 344   "Perform an action at time TIME.
 345 Repeat the action every REPEAT seconds, if REPEAT is non-nil.
 346 TIME should be one of: a string giving an absolute time like
 347 \"11:23pm\" (the acceptable formats are those recognized by
 348 `diary-entry-time'; note that such times are interpreted as times
 349 today, even if in the past); a string giving a relative time like
 350 \"2 hours 35 minutes\" (the acceptable formats are those
 351 recognized by `timer-duration'); nil meaning now; a number of
 352 seconds from now; a value from `encode-time'; or t (with non-nil
 353 REPEAT) meaning the next integral multiple of REPEAT.  REPEAT may
 354 be an integer or floating point number.  The action is to call
 355 FUNCTION with arguments ARGS.
 356
 357 This function returns a timer object which you can use in `cancel-timer'."
 358   (interactive "sRun at time: \nNRepeat interval: \naFunction: ")
 359
 360   (or (null repeat)
 361       (and (numberp repeat) (< 0 repeat))
 362       (error "Invalid repetition interval"))
 363
 364   ;; Special case: nil means "now" and is useful when repeating.
 365   (if (null time)
 366       (setq time (current-time)))
 367
 368   ;; Special case: t means the next integral multiple of REPEAT.
 369   (if (and (eq time t) repeat)
 370       (setq time (timer-next-integral-multiple-of-time (current-time) repeat)))
 371
 372   ;; Handle numbers as relative times in seconds.
 373   (if (numberp time)
 374       (setq time (timer-relative-time (current-time) time)))
 375
 376   ;; Handle relative times like "2 hours 35 minutes"
 377   (if (stringp time)
 378       (let ((secs (timer-duration time)))
 379         (if secs
 380             (setq time (timer-relative-time (current-time) secs)))))
 381
 382   ;; Handle "11:23pm" and the like.  Interpret it as meaning today
 383   ;; which admittedly is rather stupid if we have passed that time
 384   ;; already.  (Though only Emacs hackers hack Emacs at that time.)
 385   (if (stringp time)
 386       (progn
 387         (require 'diary-lib)
 388         (let ((hhmm (diary-entry-time time))
 389               (now (decode-time)))
 390           (if (>= hhmm 0)
 391               (setq time
 392                     (encode-time 0 (% hhmm 100) (/ hhmm 100) (nth 3 now)
 393                                  (nth 4 now) (nth 5 now) (nth 8 now)))))))
 394
 395   (or (consp time)
 396       (error "Invalid time format"))
 397
 398   (let ((timer (timer-create)))
 399     (timer-set-time timer time repeat)
 400     (timer-set-function timer function args)
 401     (timer-activate timer)
 402     timer))
 403
 404 (defun run-with-timer (secs repeat function &rest args)
 405   "Perform an action after a delay of SECS seconds.
 406 Repeat the action every REPEAT seconds, if REPEAT is non-nil.
 407 SECS and REPEAT may be integers or floating point numbers.
 408 The action is to call FUNCTION with arguments ARGS.
 409
 410 This function returns a timer object which you can use in `cancel-timer'."
 411   (interactive "sRun after delay (seconds): \nNRepeat interval: \naFunction: ")
 412   (apply 'run-at-time secs repeat function args))
 413
 414 (defun add-timeout (secs function object &optional repeat)
 415   "Add a timer to run SECS seconds from now, to call FUNCTION on OBJECT.
 416 If REPEAT is non-nil, repeat the timer every REPEAT seconds.
 417 This function is for compatibility; see also `run-with-timer'."
 418   (run-with-timer secs repeat function object))
 419
 420 (defun run-with-idle-timer (secs repeat function &rest args)
 421   "Perform an action the next time Emacs is idle for SECS seconds.
 422 The action is to call FUNCTION with arguments ARGS.
 423 SECS may be an integer, a floating point number, or the internal
 424 time format (HIGH LOW USECS) returned by, e.g., `current-idle-time'.
 425 If Emacs is currently idle, and has been idle for N seconds (N < SECS),
 426 then it will call FUNCTION in SECS - N seconds from now.
 427
 428 If REPEAT is non-nil, do the action each time Emacs has been idle for
 429 exactly SECS seconds (that is, only once for each time Emacs becomes idle).
 430
 431 This function returns a timer object which you can use in `cancel-timer'."
 432   (interactive
 433    (list (read-from-minibuffer "Run after idle (seconds): " nil nil t)
 434          (y-or-n-p "Repeat each time Emacs is idle? ")
 435          (intern (completing-read "Function: " obarray 'fboundp t))))
 436   (let ((timer (timer-create)))
 437     (timer-set-function timer function args)
 438     (timer-set-idle-time timer secs repeat)
 439     (timer-activate-when-idle timer t)
 440     timer))
 441 \f
 442 (defun with-timeout-handler (tag)
 443   "This is the timer function used for the timer made by `with-timeout'."
 444   (throw tag 'timeout))
 445
 446 (defvar with-timeout-timers nil
 447   "List of all timers used by currently pending `with-timeout' calls.")
 448
 449 (defmacro with-timeout (list &rest body)
 450   "Run BODY, but if it doesn't finish in SECONDS seconds, give up.
 451 If we give up, we run the TIMEOUT-FORMS and return the value of the last one.
 452 The timeout is checked whenever Emacs waits for some kind of external
 453 event (such as keyboard input, input from subprocesses, or a certain time);
 454 if the program loops without waiting in any way, the timeout will not
 455 be detected.
 456 \n(fn (SECONDS TIMEOUT-FORMS...) BODY)"
 457   (declare (indent 1))
 458   (let ((seconds (car list))
 459         (timeout-forms (cdr list)))
 460     `(let ((with-timeout-tag (cons nil nil))
 461            with-timeout-value with-timeout-timer
 462            (with-timeout-timers with-timeout-timers))
 463        (if (catch with-timeout-tag
 464              (progn
 465                (setq with-timeout-timer
 466                      (run-with-timer ,seconds nil
 467                                       'with-timeout-handler
 468                                       with-timeout-tag))
 469                (push with-timeout-timer with-timeout-timers)
 470                (setq with-timeout-value (progn . ,body))
 471                nil))
 472            (progn . ,timeout-forms)
 473          (cancel-timer with-timeout-timer)
 474          with-timeout-value))))
 475
 476 (defun with-timeout-suspend ()
 477   "Stop the clock for `with-timeout'.  Used by debuggers.
 478 The idea is that the time you spend in the debugger should not
 479 count against these timeouts.
 480
 481 The value is a list that the debugger can pass to `with-timeout-unsuspend'
 482 when it exits, to make these timers start counting again."
 483   (mapcar (lambda (timer)
 484             (cancel-timer timer)
 485             (list timer (time-subtract (timer--time timer) (current-time))))
 486           with-timeout-timers))
 487
 488 (defun with-timeout-unsuspend (timer-spec-list)
 489   "Restart the clock for `with-timeout'.
 490 The argument should be a value previously returned by `with-timeout-suspend'."
 491   (dolist (elt timer-spec-list)
 492     (let ((timer (car elt))
 493           (delay (cadr elt)))
 494       (timer-set-time timer (time-add (current-time) delay))
 495       (timer-activate timer))))
 496
 497 (defun y-or-n-p-with-timeout (prompt seconds default-value)
 498   "Like (y-or-n-p PROMPT), with a timeout.
 499 If the user does not answer after SECONDS seconds, return DEFAULT-VALUE."
 500   (with-timeout (seconds default-value)
 501     (y-or-n-p prompt)))
 502 \f
 503 (defconst timer-duration-words
 504   (list (cons "microsec" 0.000001)
 505         (cons "microsecond" 0.000001)
 506         (cons "millisec" 0.001)
 507         (cons "millisecond" 0.001)
 508         (cons "sec" 1)
 509         (cons "second" 1)
 510         (cons "min" 60)
 511         (cons "minute" 60)
 512         (cons "hour" (* 60 60))
 513         (cons "day" (* 24 60 60))
 514         (cons "week" (* 7 24 60 60))
 515         (cons "fortnight" (* 14 24 60 60))
 516         (cons "month" (* 30 24 60 60))    ; Approximation
 517         (cons "year" (* 365.25 24 60 60)) ; Approximation
 518         )
 519   "Alist mapping temporal words to durations in seconds.")
 520
 521 (defun timer-duration (string)
 522   "Return number of seconds specified by STRING, or nil if parsing fails."
 523   (let ((secs 0)
 524         (start 0)
 525         (case-fold-search t))
 526     (while (string-match
 527             "[ \t]*\\([0-9.]+\\)?[ \t]*\\([a-z]+[a-rt-z]\\)s?[ \t]*"
 528             string start)
 529       (let ((count (if (match-beginning 1)
 530                        (string-to-number (match-string 1 string))
 531                      1))
 532             (itemsize (cdr (assoc (match-string 2 string)
 533                                   timer-duration-words))))
 534         (if itemsize
 535             (setq start (match-end 0)
 536                   secs (+ secs (* count itemsize)))
 537           (setq secs nil
 538                 start (length string)))))
 539     (if (= start (length string))
 540         secs
 541       (if (string-match-p "\\`[0-9.]+\\'" string)
 542           (string-to-number string)))))
 543 \f
 544 (provide 'timer)
 545
 546 ;; arch-tag: b1a9237b-7787-4382-9e46-8f2c3b3273e0
 547 ;;; timer.el ends here