1 ;;; files.el --- file input and output commands for Emacs
3 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 87, 92, 93,
4 ;; 94, 95, 96, 97, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
8 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
10 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
15 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
20 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
22 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
23 ;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
27 ;; Defines most of Emacs's file- and directory-handling functions,
28 ;; including basic file visiting, backup generation, link handling,
29 ;; ITS-id version control, load- and write-hook handling, and the like.
34 "Backups of edited data files."
37 (defgroup find-file nil
42 (defcustom delete-auto-save-files t
43 "*Non-nil means delete auto-save file when a buffer is saved or killed.
45 Note that auto-save file will not be deleted if the buffer is killed
46 when it has unsaved changes."
50 (defcustom directory-abbrev-alist
52 "*Alist of abbreviations for file directories.
53 A list of elements of the form (FROM . TO), each meaning to replace
54 FROM with TO when it appears in a directory name. This replacement is
55 done when setting up the default directory of a newly visited file.
56 *Every* FROM string should start with `^'.
58 Do not use `~' in the TO strings.
59 They should be ordinary absolute directory names.
61 Use this feature when you have directories which you normally refer to
62 via absolute symbolic links. Make TO the name of the link, and FROM
63 the name it is linked to."
64 :type
'(repeat (cons :format
"%v"
71 ;;; Turn off backup files on VMS since it has version numbers.
72 (defcustom make-backup-files
(not (eq system-type
'vax-vms
))
73 "*Non-nil means make a backup of a file the first time it is saved.
74 This can be done by renaming the file or by copying.
76 Renaming means that Emacs renames the existing file so that it is a
77 backup file, then writes the buffer into a new file. Any other names
78 that the old file had will now refer to the backup file. The new file
79 is owned by you and its group is defaulted.
81 Copying means that Emacs copies the existing file into the backup
82 file, then writes the buffer on top of the existing file. Any other
83 names that the old file had will now refer to the new (edited) file.
84 The file's owner and group are unchanged.
86 The choice of renaming or copying is controlled by the variables
87 `backup-by-copying', `backup-by-copying-when-linked' and
88 `backup-by-copying-when-mismatch'. See also `backup-inhibited'."
92 ;; Do this so that local variables based on the file name
93 ;; are not overridden by the major mode.
94 (defvar backup-inhibited nil
95 "Non-nil means don't make a backup, regardless of the other parameters.
96 This variable is intended for use by making it local to a buffer.
97 But it is local only if you make it local.")
98 (put 'backup-inhibited
'permanent-local t
)
100 (defcustom backup-by-copying nil
101 "*Non-nil means always use copying to create backup files.
102 See documentation of variable `make-backup-files'."
106 (defcustom backup-by-copying-when-linked nil
107 "*Non-nil means use copying to create backups for files with multiple names.
108 This causes the alternate names to refer to the latest version as edited.
109 This variable is relevant only if `backup-by-copying' is nil."
113 (defcustom backup-by-copying-when-mismatch nil
114 "*Non-nil means create backups by copying if this preserves owner or group.
115 Renaming may still be used (subject to control of other variables)
116 when it would not result in changing the owner or group of the file;
117 that is, for files which are owned by you and whose group matches
118 the default for a new file created there by you.
119 This variable is relevant only if `backup-by-copying' is nil."
123 (defvar backup-enable-predicate
125 (or (< (length name
) 5)
126 (not (string-equal "/tmp/" (substring name
0 5)))))
127 "Predicate that looks at a file name and decides whether to make backups.
128 Called with an absolute file name as argument, it returns t to enable backup.")
130 (defcustom buffer-offer-save nil
131 "*Non-nil in a buffer means offer to save the buffer on exit
132 even if the buffer is not visiting a file.
133 Automatically local in all buffers."
136 (make-variable-buffer-local 'buffer-offer-save
)
138 (defcustom find-file-existing-other-name t
139 "*Non-nil means find a file under alternative names, in existing buffers.
140 This means if any existing buffer is visiting the file you want
141 under another name, you get the existing buffer instead of a new buffer."
145 (defcustom find-file-visit-truename nil
146 "*Non-nil means visit a file under its truename.
147 The truename of a file is found by chasing all links
148 both at the file level and at the levels of the containing directories."
152 (defcustom revert-without-query
154 "*Specify which files should be reverted without query.
155 The value is a list of regular expressions.
156 If the file name matches one of these regular expressions,
157 then `revert-buffer' reverts the file without querying
158 if the file has changed on disk and you have not edited the buffer."
159 :type
'(repeat regexp
)
162 (defvar buffer-file-number nil
163 "The device number and file number of the file visited in the current buffer.
164 The value is a list of the form (FILENUM DEVNUM).
165 This pair of numbers uniquely identifies the file.
166 If the buffer is visiting a new file, the value is nil.")
167 (make-variable-buffer-local 'buffer-file-number
)
168 (put 'buffer-file-number
'permanent-local t
)
170 (defvar buffer-file-numbers-unique
(not (memq system-type
'(windows-nt)))
171 "Non-nil means that buffer-file-number uniquely identifies files.")
173 (defvar file-name-invalid-regexp
174 (cond ((and (eq system-type
'ms-dos
) (not (msdos-long-file-names)))
175 (concat "\\(^\\([A-z]:\\)?/?.*:\\)\\|" ; colon except after drive
176 "[+, ;=|<>\"?*]\\|\\[\\|\\]\\|" ; invalid characters
177 "\\(/\\.\\.?[^/]\\)\\|" ; leading dots
178 "\\(/[^/.]+\\.[^/.]*\\.\\)")) ; more than a single dot
179 ((memq system-type
'(ms-dos windows-nt
))
180 (concat "\\(^\\([A-z]:\\)?/?.*:\\)\\|" ; colon except after drive
181 "[|<>\"?*]")) ; invalid characters
183 "Regexp recognizing file names which aren't allowed by the filesystem.")
185 (defcustom file-precious-flag nil
186 "*Non-nil means protect against I/O errors while saving files.
187 Some modes set this non-nil in particular buffers.
189 This feature works by writing the new contents into a temporary file
190 and then renaming the temporary file to replace the original.
191 In this way, any I/O error in writing leaves the original untouched,
192 and there is never any instant where the file is nonexistent.
194 Note that this feature forces backups to be made by copying.
195 Yet, at the same time, saving a precious file
196 breaks any hard links between it and other files."
200 (defcustom version-control nil
201 "*Control use of version numbers for backup files.
202 t means make numeric backup versions unconditionally.
203 nil means make them for files that have some already.
204 `never' means do not make them."
209 (defcustom dired-kept-versions
2
210 "*When cleaning directory, number of versions to keep."
215 (defcustom delete-old-versions nil
216 "*If t, delete excess backup versions silently.
217 If nil, ask confirmation. Any other value prevents any trimming."
218 :type
'(choice (const :tag
"Delete" t
)
219 (const :tag
"Ask" nil
)
220 (sexp :tag
"Leave" :format
"%t\n" other
))
223 (defcustom kept-old-versions
2
224 "*Number of oldest versions to keep when a new numbered backup is made."
228 (defcustom kept-new-versions
2
229 "*Number of newest versions to keep when a new numbered backup is made.
230 Includes the new backup. Must be > 0"
234 (defcustom require-final-newline nil
235 "*Value of t says silently ensure a file ends in a newline when it is saved.
236 Non-nil but not t says ask user whether to add a newline when there isn't one.
237 nil means don't add newlines."
238 :type
'(choice (const :tag
"Off" nil
)
240 (sexp :tag
"Ask" :format
"%t\n" ask
))
241 :group
'editing-basics
)
243 (defcustom auto-save-default t
244 "*Non-nil says by default do auto-saving of every file-visiting buffer."
248 (defcustom auto-save-visited-file-name nil
249 "*Non-nil says auto-save a buffer in the file it is visiting, when practical.
250 Normally auto-save files are written under other names."
254 (defcustom save-abbrevs nil
255 "*Non-nil means save word abbrevs too when files are saved.
256 Loading an abbrev file sets this to t."
260 (defcustom find-file-run-dired t
261 "*Non-nil says run dired if `find-file' is given the name of a directory."
265 ;;;It is not useful to make this a local variable.
266 ;;;(put 'find-file-not-found-hooks 'permanent-local t)
267 (defvar find-file-not-found-hooks nil
268 "List of functions to be called for `find-file' on nonexistent file.
269 These functions are called as soon as the error is detected.
270 `buffer-file-name' is already set up.
271 The functions are called in the order given until one of them returns non-nil.")
273 ;;;It is not useful to make this a local variable.
274 ;;;(put 'find-file-hooks 'permanent-local t)
275 (defvar find-file-hooks nil
276 "List of functions to be called after a buffer is loaded from a file.
277 The buffer's local variables (if any) will have been processed before the
278 functions are called.")
280 (defvar write-file-hooks nil
281 "List of functions to be called before writing out a buffer to a file.
282 If one of them returns non-nil, the file is considered already written
283 and the rest are not called.
284 These hooks are considered to pertain to the visited file.
285 So this list is cleared if you change the visited file name.
287 Don't make this variable buffer-local; instead, use `local-write-file-hooks'.
288 See also `write-contents-hooks'.")
289 ;;; However, in case someone does make it local...
290 (put 'write-file-hooks
'permanent-local t
)
292 (defvar local-write-file-hooks nil
293 "Just like `write-file-hooks', except intended for per-buffer use.
294 The functions in this list are called before the ones in
297 This variable is meant to be used for hooks that have to do with a
298 particular visited file. Therefore, it is a permanent local, so that
299 changing the major mode does not clear it. However, calling
300 `set-visited-file-name' does clear it.")
301 (make-variable-buffer-local 'local-write-file-hooks
)
302 (put 'local-write-file-hooks
'permanent-local t
)
304 (defvar write-contents-hooks nil
305 "List of functions to be called before writing out a buffer to a file.
306 If one of them returns non-nil, the file is considered already written
307 and the rest are not called.
309 This variable is meant to be used for hooks that pertain to the
310 buffer's contents, not to the particular visited file; thus,
311 `set-visited-file-name' does not clear this variable; but changing the
312 major mode does clear it.
314 This variable automatically becomes buffer-local whenever it is set.
315 If you use `add-hook' to add elements to the list, use nil for the
318 See also `write-file-hooks'.")
319 (make-variable-buffer-local 'write-contents-hooks
)
321 (defcustom enable-local-variables t
322 "*Control use of local variables in files you visit.
323 The value can be t, nil or something else.
324 A value of t means file local variables specifications are obeyed;
325 nil means they are ignored; anything else means query.
327 The command \\[normal-mode] always obeys file local variable
328 specifications and ignores this variable."
329 :type
'(choice (const :tag
"Obey" t
)
330 (const :tag
"Ignore" nil
)
331 (sexp :tag
"Query" :format
"%t\n" other
))
334 (defcustom enable-local-eval
'maybe
335 "*Control processing of the \"variable\" `eval' in a file's local variables.
336 The value can be t, nil or something else.
337 A value of t means obey `eval' variables;
338 nil means ignore them; anything else means query.
340 The command \\[normal-mode] always obeys local-variables lists
341 and ignores this variable."
342 :type
'(choice (const :tag
"Obey" t
)
343 (const :tag
"Ignore" nil
)
344 (sexp :tag
"Query" :format
"%t\n" other
))
347 ;; Avoid losing in versions where CLASH_DETECTION is disabled.
348 (or (fboundp 'lock-buffer
)
349 (defalias 'lock-buffer
'ignore
))
350 (or (fboundp 'unlock-buffer
)
351 (defalias 'unlock-buffer
'ignore
))
352 (or (fboundp 'file-locked-p
)
353 (defalias 'file-locked-p
'ignore
))
355 (defvar view-read-only nil
356 "*Non-nil means buffers visiting files read-only, do it in view mode.")
358 (defvar temporary-file-directory
359 (file-name-as-directory
360 (cond ((memq system-type
'(ms-dos windows-nt
))
361 (or (getenv "TEMP") (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") "c:/temp"))
362 ((memq system-type
'(vax-vms axp-vms
))
363 (or (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") (getenv "TEMP") "SYS$SCRATCH:"))
365 (or (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") (getenv "TEMP") "/tmp"))))
366 "The directory for writing temporary files.")
368 ;; This hook function provides support for ange-ftp host name
369 ;; completion. It runs the usual ange-ftp hook, but only for
370 ;; completion operations. Having this here avoids the need
371 ;; to load ange-ftp when it's not really in use.
372 (defun ange-ftp-completion-hook-function (op &rest args
)
373 (if (memq op
'(file-name-completion file-name-all-completions
))
374 (apply 'ange-ftp-hook-function op args
)
375 (let ((inhibit-file-name-handlers
376 (cons 'ange-ftp-completion-hook-function
377 (and (eq inhibit-file-name-operation op
)
378 inhibit-file-name-handlers
)))
379 (inhibit-file-name-operation op
))
382 (defun convert-standard-filename (filename)
383 "Convert a standard file's name to something suitable for the current OS.
384 This function's standard definition is trivial; it just returns the argument.
385 However, on some systems, the function is redefined
386 with a definition that really does change some file names."
390 "Show the current default directory."
392 (message "Directory %s" default-directory
))
395 "Value of the CDPATH environment variable, as a list.
396 Not actually set up until the first time you you use it.")
398 (defun parse-colon-path (cd-path)
399 "Explode a colon-separated search path into a list of directory names."
401 (let (cd-prefix cd-list
(cd-start 0) cd-colon
)
402 (setq cd-path
(concat cd-path path-separator
))
403 (while (setq cd-colon
(string-match path-separator cd-path cd-start
))
406 (list (if (= cd-start cd-colon
)
408 (substitute-in-file-name
409 (file-name-as-directory
410 (substring cd-path cd-start cd-colon
)))))))
411 (setq cd-start
(+ cd-colon
1)))
414 (defun cd-absolute (dir)
415 "Change current directory to given absolute file name DIR."
416 ;; Put the name into directory syntax now,
417 ;; because otherwise expand-file-name may give some bad results.
418 (if (not (eq system-type
'vax-vms
))
419 (setq dir
(file-name-as-directory dir
)))
420 (setq dir
(abbreviate-file-name (expand-file-name dir
)))
421 (if (not (file-directory-p dir
))
422 (if (file-exists-p dir
)
423 (error "%s is not a directory" dir
)
424 (error "%s: no such directory" dir
))
425 (if (file-executable-p dir
)
426 (setq default-directory dir
)
427 (error "Cannot cd to %s: Permission denied" dir
))))
430 "Make DIR become the current buffer's default directory.
431 If your environment includes a `CDPATH' variable, try each one of that
432 colon-separated list of directories when resolving a relative directory name."
434 (list (read-file-name "Change default directory: "
435 default-directory default-directory
436 (and (member cd-path
'(nil ("./")))
437 (null (getenv "CDPATH"))))))
438 (if (file-name-absolute-p dir
)
439 (cd-absolute (expand-file-name dir
))
441 (let ((trypath (parse-colon-path (getenv "CDPATH"))))
442 (setq cd-path
(or trypath
(list "./")))))
443 (if (not (catch 'found
445 (function (lambda (x)
446 (let ((f (expand-file-name (concat x dir
))))
447 (if (file-directory-p f
)
450 (throw 'found t
))))))
453 (error "No such directory found via CDPATH environment variable"))))
455 (defun load-file (file)
456 "Load the Lisp file named FILE."
457 (interactive "fLoad file: ")
458 (load (expand-file-name file
) nil nil t
))
460 (defun load-library (library)
461 "Load the library named LIBRARY.
462 This is an interface to the function `load'."
463 (interactive "sLoad library: ")
466 (defun file-local-copy (file &optional buffer
)
467 "Copy the file FILE into a temporary file on this machine.
468 Returns the name of the local copy, or nil, if FILE is directly
470 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler file
'file-local-copy
)))
472 (funcall handler
'file-local-copy file
)
475 (defun file-truename (filename &optional counter prev-dirs
)
476 "Return the truename of FILENAME, which should be absolute.
477 The truename of a file name is found by chasing symbolic links
478 both at the level of the file and at the level of the directories
479 containing it, until no links are left at any level.
481 The arguments COUNTER and PREV-DIRS are used only in recursive calls.
482 Do not specify them in other calls."
483 ;; COUNTER can be a cons cell whose car is the count of how many more links
484 ;; to chase before getting an error.
485 ;; PREV-DIRS can be a cons cell whose car is an alist
486 ;; of truenames we've just recently computed.
488 ;; The last test looks dubious, maybe `+' is meant here? --simon.
489 (if (or (string= filename
"") (string= filename
"~")
490 (and (string= (substring filename
0 1) "~")
491 (string-match "~[^/]*" filename
)))
493 (setq filename
(expand-file-name filename
))
494 (if (string= filename
"")
495 (setq filename
"/"))))
496 (or counter
(setq counter
(list 100)))
498 ;; For speed, remove the ange-ftp completion handler from the list.
499 ;; We know it's not needed here.
500 ;; For even more speed, do this only on the outermost call.
501 (file-name-handler-alist
502 (if prev-dirs file-name-handler-alist
503 (let ((tem (copy-sequence file-name-handler-alist
)))
504 (delq (rassq 'ange-ftp-completion-hook-function tem
) tem
)))))
505 (or prev-dirs
(setq prev-dirs
(list nil
)))
507 ;; andrewi@harlequin.co.uk - none of the following code (except for
508 ;; invoking the file-name handler) currently applies on Windows
509 ;; (ie. there are no native symlinks), but there is an issue with
510 ;; case differences being ignored by the OS, and short "8.3 DOS"
511 ;; name aliases existing for all files. (The short names are not
512 ;; reported by directory-files, but can be used to refer to files.)
513 ;; It seems appropriate for file-truename to resolve these issues in
514 ;; the most natural way, which on Windows is to call the function
515 ;; `w32-long-file-name' - this returns the exact name of a file as
516 ;; it is stored on disk (expanding short name aliases with the full
517 ;; name in the process).
518 (if (eq system-type
'windows-nt
)
519 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler filename
'file-truename
))
521 ;; For file name that has a special handler, call handler.
522 ;; This is so that ange-ftp can save time by doing a no-op.
524 (setq filename
(funcall handler
'file-truename filename
))
525 ;; If filename contains a wildcard, newname will be the old name.
526 (if (string-match "[*?]" filename
)
527 (setq newname filename
)
528 ;; If filename doesn't exist, newname will be nil.
529 (setq newname
(w32-long-file-name filename
)))
530 (setq filename
(or newname filename
)))
533 ;; If this file directly leads to a link, process that iteratively
534 ;; so that we don't use lots of stack.
536 (setcar counter
(1- (car counter
)))
537 (if (< (car counter
) 0)
538 (error "Apparent cycle of symbolic links for %s" filename
))
539 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler filename
'file-truename
)))
540 ;; For file name that has a special handler, call handler.
541 ;; This is so that ange-ftp can save time by doing a no-op.
543 (setq filename
(funcall handler
'file-truename filename
)
545 (let ((dir (or (file-name-directory filename
) default-directory
))
547 ;; Get the truename of the directory.
548 (setq dirfile
(directory-file-name dir
))
549 ;; If these are equal, we have the (or a) root directory.
550 (or (string= dir dirfile
)
551 ;; If this is the same dir we last got the truename for,
552 ;; save time--don't recalculate.
553 (if (assoc dir
(car prev-dirs
))
554 (setq dir
(cdr (assoc dir
(car prev-dirs
))))
556 (new (file-name-as-directory (file-truename dirfile counter prev-dirs
))))
557 (setcar prev-dirs
(cons (cons old new
) (car prev-dirs
)))
559 (if (equal ".." (file-name-nondirectory filename
))
561 (directory-file-name (file-name-directory (directory-file-name dir
)))
563 (if (equal "." (file-name-nondirectory filename
))
564 (setq filename
(directory-file-name dir
)
566 ;; Put it back on the file name.
567 (setq filename
(concat dir
(file-name-nondirectory filename
)))
568 ;; Is the file name the name of a link?
569 (setq target
(file-symlink-p filename
))
571 ;; Yes => chase that link, then start all over
572 ;; since the link may point to a directory name that uses links.
573 ;; We can't safely use expand-file-name here
574 ;; since target might look like foo/../bar where foo
575 ;; is itself a link. Instead, we handle . and .. above.
577 (if (file-name-absolute-p target
)
585 (defun file-chase-links (filename)
586 "Chase links in FILENAME until a name that is not a link.
587 Does not examine containing directories for links,
588 unlike `file-truename'."
589 (let (tem (count 100) (newname filename
))
590 (while (setq tem
(file-symlink-p newname
))
593 (error "Apparent cycle of symbolic links for %s" filename
))
594 ;; In the context of a link, `//' doesn't mean what Emacs thinks.
595 (while (string-match "//+" tem
)
596 (setq tem
(replace-match "/" nil nil tem
)))
597 ;; Handle `..' by hand, since it needs to work in the
598 ;; target of any directory symlink.
599 ;; This code is not quite complete; it does not handle
600 ;; embedded .. in some cases such as ./../foo and foo/bar/../../../lose.
601 (while (string-match "\\`\\.\\./" tem
)
602 (setq tem
(substring tem
3))
603 (setq newname
(expand-file-name newname
))
604 ;; Chase links in the default dir of the symlink.
607 (directory-file-name (file-name-directory newname
))))
608 ;; Now find the parent of that dir.
609 (setq newname
(file-name-directory newname
)))
610 (setq newname
(expand-file-name tem
(file-name-directory newname
)))
611 (setq count
(1- count
))))
614 (defun switch-to-buffer-other-window (buffer &optional norecord
)
615 "Select buffer BUFFER in another window.
616 Optional second arg NORECORD non-nil means
617 do not put this buffer at the front of the list of recently selected ones."
618 (interactive "BSwitch to buffer in other window: ")
619 (let ((pop-up-windows t
))
620 (pop-to-buffer buffer t norecord
)))
622 (defun switch-to-buffer-other-frame (buffer &optional norecord
)
623 "Switch to buffer BUFFER in another frame.
624 Optional second arg NORECORD non-nil means
625 do not put this buffer at the front of the list of recently selected ones."
626 (interactive "BSwitch to buffer in other frame: ")
627 (let ((pop-up-frames t
))
628 (pop-to-buffer buffer t norecord
)
629 (raise-frame (window-frame (selected-window)))))
631 (defun find-file (filename)
633 Switch to a buffer visiting file FILENAME,
634 creating one if none already exists."
635 (interactive "FFind file: ")
636 (switch-to-buffer (find-file-noselect filename
)))
638 (defun find-file-other-window (filename)
639 "Edit file FILENAME, in another window.
640 May create a new window, or reuse an existing one.
641 See the function `display-buffer'."
642 (interactive "FFind file in other window: ")
643 (switch-to-buffer-other-window (find-file-noselect filename
)))
645 (defun find-file-other-frame (filename)
646 "Edit file FILENAME, in another frame.
647 May create a new frame, or reuse an existing one.
648 See the function `display-buffer'."
649 (interactive "FFind file in other frame: ")
650 (switch-to-buffer-other-frame (find-file-noselect filename
)))
652 (defun find-file-read-only (filename)
653 "Edit file FILENAME but don't allow changes.
654 Like \\[find-file] but marks buffer as read-only.
655 Use \\[toggle-read-only] to permit editing."
656 (interactive "fFind file read-only: ")
661 (defun find-file-read-only-other-window (filename)
662 "Edit file FILENAME in another window but don't allow changes.
663 Like \\[find-file-other-window] but marks buffer as read-only.
664 Use \\[toggle-read-only] to permit editing."
665 (interactive "fFind file read-only other window: ")
666 (find-file-other-window filename
)
670 (defun find-file-read-only-other-frame (filename)
671 "Edit file FILENAME in another frame but don't allow changes.
672 Like \\[find-file-other-frame] but marks buffer as read-only.
673 Use \\[toggle-read-only] to permit editing."
674 (interactive "fFind file read-only other frame: ")
675 (find-file-other-frame filename
)
679 (defun find-alternate-file-other-window (filename)
680 "Find file FILENAME as a replacement for the file in the next window.
681 This command does not select that window."
683 (save-selected-window
685 (let ((file buffer-file-name
)
689 (setq file-name
(file-name-nondirectory file
)
690 file-dir
(file-name-directory file
)))
691 (list (read-file-name
692 "Find alternate file: " file-dir nil nil file-name
)))))
694 (find-file-other-window filename
)
695 (save-selected-window
697 (find-alternate-file filename
))))
699 (defun find-alternate-file (filename)
700 "Find file FILENAME, select its buffer, kill previous buffer.
701 If the current buffer now contains an empty file that you just visited
702 \(presumably by mistake), use this command to visit the file you really want."
704 (let ((file buffer-file-name
)
708 (setq file-name
(file-name-nondirectory file
)
709 file-dir
(file-name-directory file
)))
710 (list (read-file-name
711 "Find alternate file: " file-dir nil nil file-name
))))
712 (and (buffer-modified-p) (buffer-file-name)
713 ;; (not buffer-read-only)
714 (not (yes-or-no-p (format "Buffer %s is modified; kill anyway? "
717 (let ((obuf (current-buffer))
718 (ofile buffer-file-name
)
719 (onum buffer-file-number
)
720 (otrue buffer-file-truename
)
721 (oname (buffer-name)))
722 (if (get-buffer " **lose**")
723 (kill-buffer " **lose**"))
724 (rename-buffer " **lose**")
728 (setq buffer-file-name nil
)
729 (setq buffer-file-number nil
)
730 (setq buffer-file-truename nil
)
731 (find-file filename
))
732 (cond ((eq obuf
(current-buffer))
733 (setq buffer-file-name ofile
)
734 (setq buffer-file-number onum
)
735 (setq buffer-file-truename otrue
)
737 (rename-buffer oname
))))
738 (or (eq (current-buffer) obuf
)
739 (kill-buffer obuf
))))
741 (defun create-file-buffer (filename)
742 "Create a suitably named buffer for visiting FILENAME, and return it.
743 FILENAME (sans directory) is used unchanged if that name is free;
744 otherwise a string <2> or <3> or ... is appended to get an unused name."
745 (let ((lastname (file-name-nondirectory filename
)))
746 (if (string= lastname
"")
747 (setq lastname filename
))
748 (generate-new-buffer lastname
)))
750 (defun generate-new-buffer (name)
751 "Create and return a buffer with a name based on NAME.
752 Choose the buffer's name using `generate-new-buffer-name'."
753 (get-buffer-create (generate-new-buffer-name name
)))
755 (defvar automount-dir-prefix
"^/tmp_mnt/"
756 "Regexp to match the automounter prefix in a directory name.")
758 (defvar abbreviated-home-dir nil
759 "The user's homedir abbreviated according to `directory-abbrev-list'.")
761 (defun abbreviate-file-name (filename)
762 "Return a version of FILENAME shortened using `directory-abbrev-alist'.
763 This also substitutes \"~\" for the user's home directory.
764 Type \\[describe-variable] directory-abbrev-alist RET for more information."
765 ;; Get rid of the prefixes added by the automounter.
766 (if (and automount-dir-prefix
767 (string-match automount-dir-prefix filename
)
768 (file-exists-p (file-name-directory
769 (substring filename
(1- (match-end 0))))))
770 (setq filename
(substring filename
(1- (match-end 0)))))
771 (let ((tail directory-abbrev-alist
))
772 ;; If any elt of directory-abbrev-alist matches this name,
773 ;; abbreviate accordingly.
775 (if (string-match (car (car tail
)) filename
)
777 (concat (cdr (car tail
)) (substring filename
(match-end 0)))))
778 (setq tail
(cdr tail
)))
779 ;; Compute and save the abbreviated homedir name.
780 ;; We defer computing this until the first time it's needed, to
781 ;; give time for directory-abbrev-alist to be set properly.
782 ;; We include a slash at the end, to avoid spurious matches
783 ;; such as `/usr/foobar' when the home dir is `/usr/foo'.
784 (or abbreviated-home-dir
785 (setq abbreviated-home-dir
786 (let ((abbreviated-home-dir "$foo"))
787 (concat "^" (abbreviate-file-name (expand-file-name "~"))
790 ;; If FILENAME starts with the abbreviated homedir,
791 ;; make it start with `~' instead.
792 (if (and (string-match abbreviated-home-dir filename
)
793 ;; If the home dir is just /, don't change it.
794 (not (and (= (match-end 0) 1)
795 (= (aref filename
0) ?
/)))
796 ;; MS-DOS root directories can come with a drive letter;
797 ;; Novell Netware allows drive letters beyond `Z:'.
798 (not (and (or (eq system-type
'ms-dos
)
799 (eq system-type
'windows-nt
))
801 (string-match "^[a-zA-`]:/$" filename
)))))
804 (substring filename
(match-beginning 1) (match-end 1))
805 (substring filename
(match-end 0)))))
808 (defcustom find-file-not-true-dirname-list nil
809 "*List of logical names for which visiting shouldn't save the true dirname.
810 On VMS, when you visit a file using a logical name that searches a path,
811 you may or may not want the visited file name to record the specific
812 directory where the file was found. If you *do not* want that, add the logical
813 name to this list as a string."
814 :type
'(repeat (string :tag
"Name"))
817 (defun find-buffer-visiting (filename)
818 "Return the buffer visiting file FILENAME (a string).
819 This is like `get-file-buffer', except that it checks for any buffer
820 visiting the same file, possibly under a different name.
821 If there is no such live buffer, return nil."
822 (let ((buf (get-file-buffer filename
))
823 (truename (abbreviate-file-name (file-truename filename
))))
825 (let ((list (buffer-list)) found
)
826 (while (and (not found
) list
)
828 (set-buffer (car list
))
829 (if (and buffer-file-name
830 (string= buffer-file-truename truename
))
831 (setq found
(car list
))))
832 (setq list
(cdr list
)))
834 (let ((number (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes truename
)))
835 (list (buffer-list)) found
)
836 (and buffer-file-numbers-unique
838 (while (and (not found
) list
)
840 (set-buffer (car list
))
841 (if (and buffer-file-name
842 (equal buffer-file-number number
)
843 ;; Verify this buffer's file number
844 ;; still belongs to its file.
845 (file-exists-p buffer-file-name
)
846 (equal (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes buffer-file-name
))
848 (setq found
(car list
))))
849 (setq list
(cdr list
))))
852 (defun find-file-noselect (filename &optional nowarn rawfile
)
853 "Read file FILENAME into a buffer and return the buffer.
854 If a buffer exists visiting FILENAME, return that one, but
855 verify that the file has not changed since visited or saved.
856 The buffer is not selected, just returned to the caller.
857 Optional first arg NOWARN non-nil means suppress any warning messages.
858 Optional second arg RAWFILE non-nil means the file is read literally."
860 (abbreviate-file-name
861 (expand-file-name filename
)))
862 (if (file-directory-p filename
)
863 (if find-file-run-dired
864 (dired-noselect (if find-file-visit-truename
865 (abbreviate-file-name (file-truename filename
))
867 (error "%s is a directory" filename
))
868 (let* ((buf (get-file-buffer filename
))
869 (truename (abbreviate-file-name (file-truename filename
)))
870 (number (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes truename
)))
871 ;; Find any buffer for a file which has same truename.
872 (other (and (not buf
) (find-buffer-visiting filename
)))
874 ;; Let user know if there is a buffer with the same truename.
878 (string-equal filename
(buffer-file-name other
))
879 (message "%s and %s are the same file"
880 filename
(buffer-file-name other
)))
881 ;; Optionally also find that buffer.
882 (if (or find-file-existing-other-name find-file-visit-truename
)
886 (verify-visited-file-modtime buf
)
887 (cond ((not (file-exists-p filename
))
888 (error "File %s no longer exists!" filename
))
889 ;; Certain files should be reverted automatically
890 ;; if they have changed on disk and not in the buffer.
891 ((and (not (buffer-modified-p buf
))
892 (let ((tail revert-without-query
)
895 (if (string-match (car tail
) filename
)
897 (setq tail
(cdr tail
)))
899 (with-current-buffer buf
900 (message "Reverting file %s..." filename
)
902 (message "Reverting file %s...done" filename
)))
904 (if (string= (file-name-nondirectory filename
)
907 (if (buffer-modified-p buf
)
908 "File %s changed on disk. Discard your edits? "
909 "File %s changed on disk. Reread from disk? ")
910 (file-name-nondirectory filename
))
912 (if (buffer-modified-p buf
)
913 "File %s changed on disk. Discard your edits in %s? "
914 "File %s changed on disk. Reread from disk into %s? ")
915 (file-name-nondirectory filename
)
917 (with-current-buffer buf
918 (revert-buffer t t
)))
919 ((not (eq rawfile
(not (null find-file-literally
))))
921 (message "File is already visited, and not literally")
922 (message "File is already visited, and visited literally")))))
924 ;;; The truename stuff makes this obsolete.
925 ;;; (let* ((link-name (car (file-attributes filename)))
926 ;;; (linked-buf (and (stringp link-name)
927 ;;; (get-file-buffer link-name))))
928 ;;; (if (bufferp linked-buf)
929 ;;; (message "Symbolic link to file in buffer %s"
930 ;;; (buffer-name linked-buf))))
931 (setq buf
(create-file-buffer filename
))
932 (set-buffer-major-mode buf
)
937 (insert-file-contents-literally filename t
)
939 (when (and (file-exists-p filename
)
940 (not (file-readable-p filename
)))
942 (signal 'file-error
(list "File is not readable"
944 ;; Unconditionally set error
947 (insert-file-contents filename t
)
949 (when (and (file-exists-p filename
)
950 (not (file-readable-p filename
)))
952 (signal 'file-error
(list "File is not readable"
954 ;; Run find-file-not-found-hooks until one returns non-nil.
955 (or (run-hook-with-args-until-success 'find-file-not-found-hooks
)
956 ;; If they fail too, set error.
958 ;; Find the file's truename, and maybe use that as visited name.
959 (setq buffer-file-truename truename
)
960 (setq buffer-file-number number
)
961 ;; On VMS, we may want to remember which directory in a search list
962 ;; the file was found in.
963 (and (eq system-type
'vax-vms
)
965 (if (string-match ":" (file-name-directory filename
))
966 (setq logical
(substring (file-name-directory filename
)
967 0 (match-beginning 0))))
968 (not (member logical find-file-not-true-dirname-list
)))
969 (setq buffer-file-name buffer-file-truename
))
970 (if find-file-visit-truename
971 (setq buffer-file-name
973 (expand-file-name buffer-file-truename
))))
974 ;; Set buffer's default directory to that of the file.
975 (setq default-directory
(file-name-directory filename
))
976 ;; Turn off backup files for certain file names. Since
977 ;; this is a permanent local, the major mode won't eliminate it.
978 (and (not (funcall backup-enable-predicate buffer-file-name
))
980 (make-local-variable 'backup-inhibited
)
981 (setq backup-inhibited t
)))
984 (set-buffer-multibyte nil
)
985 (setq buffer-file-coding-system
'no-conversion
)
986 (make-local-variable 'find-file-literally
)
987 (setq find-file-literally t
))
988 (after-find-file error
(not nowarn
))
989 (setq buf
(current-buffer)))))
992 (defun insert-file-contents-literally (filename &optional visit beg end replace
)
993 "Like `insert-file-contents', but only reads in the file literally.
994 A buffer may be modified in several ways after reading into the buffer,
995 to Emacs features such as format decoding, character code
996 conversion, find-file-hooks, automatic uncompression, etc.
998 This function ensures that none of these modifications will take place."
999 (let ((format-alist nil
)
1000 (after-insert-file-functions nil
)
1001 (coding-system-for-read 'no-conversion
)
1002 (coding-system-for-write 'no-conversion
)
1003 (jka-compr-compression-info-list nil
)
1004 (find-buffer-file-type-function
1005 (if (fboundp 'find-buffer-file-type
)
1006 (symbol-function 'find-buffer-file-type
)
1010 (fset 'find-buffer-file-type
(lambda (filename) t
))
1011 (insert-file-contents filename visit beg end replace
))
1012 (if find-buffer-file-type-function
1013 (fset 'find-buffer-file-type find-buffer-file-type-function
)
1014 (fmakunbound 'find-buffer-file-type
)))))
1016 (defun insert-file-literally (filename)
1017 "Insert contents of file FILENAME into buffer after point with no conversion.
1019 This function is meant for the user to run interactively.
1020 Don't call it from programs! Use `insert-file-contents-literally' instead.
1021 \(Its calling sequence is different; see its documentation)."
1022 (interactive "*fInsert file literally: ")
1023 (if (file-directory-p filename
)
1024 (signal 'file-error
(list "Opening input file" "file is a directory"
1026 (let ((tem (insert-file-contents-literally filename
)))
1027 (push-mark (+ (point) (car (cdr tem
))))))
1029 (defvar find-file-literally nil
1030 "Non-nil if this buffer was made by `find-file-literally' or equivalent.
1031 This is a permanent local.")
1032 (put 'find-file-literally
'permanent-local t
)
1034 (defun find-file-literally (filename)
1035 "Visit file FILENAME with no conversion of any kind.
1036 Format conversion and character code conversion are both disabled,
1037 and multibyte characters are disabled in the resulting buffer.
1038 The major mode used is Fundamental mode regardless of the file name,
1039 and local variable specifications in the file are ignored.
1040 Automatic uncompression is also disabled.
1042 You cannot absolutely rely on this function to result in
1043 visiting the file literally. If Emacs already has a buffer
1044 which is visiting the file, you get the existing buffer,
1045 regardless of whether it was created literally or not.
1047 In a Lisp program, if you want to be sure of accessing a file's
1048 contents literally, you should create a temporary buffer and then read
1049 the file contents into it using `insert-file-contents-literally'."
1050 (interactive "FFind file literally: ")
1051 (switch-to-buffer (find-file-noselect filename nil t
)))
1053 (defvar after-find-file-from-revert-buffer nil
)
1055 (defun after-find-file (&optional error warn noauto
1056 after-find-file-from-revert-buffer
1058 "Called after finding a file and by the default revert function.
1059 Sets buffer mode, parses local variables.
1060 Optional args ERROR, WARN, and NOAUTO: ERROR non-nil means there was an
1061 error in reading the file. WARN non-nil means warn if there
1062 exists an auto-save file more recent than the visited file.
1063 NOAUTO means don't mess with auto-save mode.
1064 Fourth arg AFTER-FIND-FILE-FROM-REVERT-BUFFER non-nil
1065 means this call was from `revert-buffer'.
1066 Fifth arg NOMODES non-nil means don't alter the file's modes.
1067 Finishes by calling the functions in `find-file-hooks'
1068 unless NOMODES is non-nil."
1069 (setq buffer-read-only
(not (file-writable-p buffer-file-name
)))
1074 (cond ((and error
(file-attributes buffer-file-name
))
1075 (setq buffer-read-only t
)
1076 "File exists, but cannot be read.")
1077 ((not buffer-read-only
)
1079 (file-newer-than-file-p (make-auto-save-file-name)
1081 (format "%s has auto save data; consider M-x recover-file"
1082 (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
))
1083 (setq not-serious t
)
1084 (if error
"(New file)" nil
)))
1086 (setq not-serious t
)
1087 "Note: file is write protected")
1088 ((file-attributes (directory-file-name default-directory
))
1089 "File not found and directory write-protected")
1090 ((file-exists-p (file-name-directory buffer-file-name
))
1091 (setq buffer-read-only nil
))
1093 (setq buffer-read-only nil
)
1094 (if (file-exists-p (file-name-directory (directory-file-name (file-name-directory buffer-file-name
))))
1095 "Use M-x make-dir RET RET to create the directory"
1096 "Use C-u M-x make-dir RET RET to create directory and its parents")))))
1100 (or not-serious
(sit-for 1 nil t
)))))
1101 (if (and auto-save-default
(not noauto
))
1102 (auto-save-mode t
)))
1106 (if (and buffer-read-only view-read-only
1107 (not (eq (get major-mode
'mode-class
) 'special
)))
1109 (run-hooks 'find-file-hooks
)))
1111 (defun normal-mode (&optional find-file
)
1112 "Choose the major mode for this buffer automatically.
1113 Also sets up any specified local variables of the file.
1114 Uses the visited file name, the -*- line, and the local variables spec.
1116 This function is called automatically from `find-file'. In that case,
1117 we may set up specified local variables depending on the value of
1118 `enable-local-variables': if it is t, we do; if it is nil, we don't;
1119 otherwise, we query. `enable-local-variables' is ignored if you
1120 run `normal-mode' explicitly."
1122 (or find-file
(funcall (or default-major-mode
'fundamental-mode
)))
1125 (error (message "File mode specification error: %s"
1126 (prin1-to-string err
))))
1128 (let ((enable-local-variables (or (not find-file
)
1129 enable-local-variables
)))
1130 (hack-local-variables))
1131 (error (message "File local-variables error: %s"
1132 (prin1-to-string err
)))))
1134 (defvar auto-mode-alist
1135 '(("\\.te?xt\\'" . text-mode
)
1136 ("\\.c\\'" . c-mode
)
1137 ("\\.h\\'" . c-mode
)
1138 ("\\.tex\\'" . tex-mode
)
1139 ("\\.ltx\\'" . latex-mode
)
1140 ("\\.el\\'" . emacs-lisp-mode
)
1141 ("\\.mm\\'" . nroff-mode
)
1142 ("\\.me\\'" . nroff-mode
)
1143 ("\\.ms\\'" . nroff-mode
)
1144 ("\\.man\\'" . nroff-mode
)
1145 ("\\.scm\\'" . scheme-mode
)
1146 ("\\.l\\'" . lisp-mode
)
1147 ("\\.lisp\\'" . lisp-mode
)
1148 ("\\.f\\'" . fortran-mode
)
1149 ("\\.F\\'" . fortran-mode
)
1150 ("\\.for\\'" . fortran-mode
)
1151 ("\\.p\\'" . pascal-mode
)
1152 ("\\.pas\\'" . pascal-mode
)
1153 ("\\.ad[abs]\\'" . ada-mode
)
1154 ("\\.\\([pP][Llm]\\|al\\)\\'" . perl-mode
)
1155 ("\\.s?html?\\'" . html-mode
)
1156 ("\\.cc\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1157 ("\\.hh\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1158 ("\\.hpp\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1159 ("\\.C\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1160 ("\\.H\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1161 ("\\.cpp\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1162 ("\\.cxx\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1163 ("\\.hxx\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1164 ("\\.c\\+\\+\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1165 ("\\.h\\+\\+\\'" . c
++-mode
)
1166 ("\\.m\\'" . objc-mode
)
1167 ("\\.java\\'" . java-mode
)
1168 ("\\.mk\\'" . makefile-mode
)
1169 ("\\(M\\|m\\|GNUm\\)akefile\\(.in\\)?\\'" . makefile-mode
)
1170 ("\\.am\\'" . makefile-mode
) ;For Automake.
1171 ;;; Less common extensions come here
1172 ;;; so more common ones above are found faster.
1173 ("\\.texinfo\\'" . texinfo-mode
)
1174 ("\\.te?xi\\'" . texinfo-mode
)
1175 ("\\.s\\'" . asm-mode
)
1176 ("\\.S\\'" . asm-mode
)
1177 ("\\.asm\\'" . asm-mode
)
1178 ("ChangeLog\\'" . change-log-mode
)
1179 ("change.log\\'" . change-log-mode
)
1180 ("changelo\\'" . change-log-mode
)
1181 ("ChangeLog.[0-9]+\\'" . change-log-mode
)
1182 ;; for MSDOS and MS-Windows (which are case-insensitive)
1183 ("changelog\\'" . change-log-mode
)
1184 ("changelog.[0-9]+\\'" . change-log-mode
)
1185 ("\\$CHANGE_LOG\\$\\.TXT" . change-log-mode
)
1186 ("\\.scm\\.[0-9]*\\'" . scheme-mode
)
1187 ("\\.[ck]?sh\\'\\|\\.shar\\'\\|/\\.z?profile\\'" . sh-mode
)
1188 ("/\\.\\(bash_profile\\|z?login\\|bash_login\\|z?logout\\)\\'" . sh-mode
)
1189 ("/\\.\\(bash_logout\\|[kz]shrc\\|bashrc\\|t?cshrc\\|esrc\\)\\'" . sh-mode
)
1190 ("/\\.\\([kz]shenv\\|xinitrc\\|startxrc\\|xsession\\)\\'" . sh-mode
)
1191 ;;; The following should come after the ChangeLog pattern
1192 ;;; for the sake of ChangeLog.1, etc.
1193 ;;; and after the .scm.[0-9] pattern too.
1194 ("\\.[12345678]\\'" . nroff-mode
)
1195 ("\\.TeX\\'" . tex-mode
)
1196 ("\\.sty\\'" . latex-mode
)
1197 ("\\.cls\\'" . latex-mode
) ;LaTeX 2e class
1198 ("\\.clo\\'" . latex-mode
) ;LaTeX 2e class option
1199 ("\\.bbl\\'" . latex-mode
)
1200 ("\\.bib\\'" . bibtex-mode
)
1201 ("\\.m4\\'" . m4-mode
)
1202 ("\\.mc\\'" . m4-mode
)
1203 ("\\.mf\\'" . metafont-mode
)
1204 ("\\.mp\\'" . metapost-mode
)
1205 ("\\.vhdl?\\'" . vhdl-mode
)
1206 ("\\.article\\'" . text-mode
)
1207 ("\\.letter\\'" . text-mode
)
1208 ("\\.tcl\\'" . tcl-mode
)
1209 ("\\.exp\\'" . tcl-mode
)
1210 ("\\.itcl\\'" . tcl-mode
)
1211 ("\\.itk\\'" . tcl-mode
)
1212 ("\\.icn\\'" . icon-mode
)
1213 ("\\.sim\\'" . simula-mode
)
1214 ("\\.mss\\'" . scribe-mode
)
1215 ("\\.f90\\'" . f90-mode
)
1216 ("\\.lsp\\'" . lisp-mode
)
1217 ("\\.awk\\'" . awk-mode
)
1218 ("\\.prolog\\'" . prolog-mode
)
1219 ("\\.tar\\'" . tar-mode
)
1220 ("\\.\\(arc\\|zip\\|lzh\\|zoo\\|jar\\)\\'" . archive-mode
)
1221 ("\\.\\(ARC\\|ZIP\\|LZH\\|ZOO\\|JAR\\)\\'" . archive-mode
)
1222 ;; Mailer puts message to be edited in
1223 ;; /tmp/Re.... or Message
1224 ("\\`/tmp/Re" . text-mode
)
1225 ("/Message[0-9]*\\'" . text-mode
)
1226 ("/drafts/[0-9]+\\'" . mh-letter-mode
)
1227 ("\\.zone\\'" . zone-mode
)
1228 ;; some news reader is reported to use this
1229 ("\\`/tmp/fol/" . text-mode
)
1230 ("\\.y\\'" . c-mode
)
1231 ("\\.lex\\'" . c-mode
)
1232 ("\\.oak\\'" . scheme-mode
)
1233 ("\\.sgml?\\'" . sgml-mode
)
1234 ("\\.dtd\\'" . sgml-mode
)
1235 ("\\.ds\\(ss\\)?l\\'" . dsssl-mode
)
1236 ;; .emacs following a directory delimiter
1237 ;; in Unix, MSDOG or VMS syntax.
1238 ("[]>:/\\]\\..*emacs\\'" . emacs-lisp-mode
)
1239 ;; _emacs following a directory delimiter
1241 ("[:/]_emacs\\'" . emacs-lisp-mode
)
1242 ("\\.ml\\'" . lisp-mode
))
1244 Alist of filename patterns vs corresponding major mode functions.
1245 Each element looks like (REGEXP . FUNCTION) or (REGEXP FUNCTION NON-NIL).
1246 \(NON-NIL stands for anything that is not nil; the value does not matter.)
1247 Visiting a file whose name matches REGEXP specifies FUNCTION as the
1248 mode function to use. FUNCTION will be called, unless it is nil.
1250 If the element has the form (REGEXP FUNCTION NON-NIL), then after
1251 calling FUNCTION (if it's not nil), we delete the suffix that matched
1252 REGEXP and search the list again for another match.")
1255 (defvar interpreter-mode-alist
1256 '(("perl" . perl-mode
)
1257 ("perl5" . perl-mode
)
1258 ("miniperl" . perl-mode
)
1260 ("wishx" . tcl-mode
)
1262 ("tclsh" . tcl-mode
)
1267 ("scm" . scheme-mode
)
1285 ("tail" . text-mode
)
1286 ("more" . text-mode
)
1287 ("less" . text-mode
)
1289 "Alist mapping interpreter names to major modes.
1290 This alist applies to files whose first line starts with `#!'.
1291 Each element looks like (INTERPRETER . MODE).
1292 The car of each element is compared with
1293 the name of the interpreter specified in the first line.
1294 If it matches, mode MODE is selected.")
1296 (defvar inhibit-first-line-modes-regexps
'("\\.tar\\'" "\\.tgz\\'")
1297 "List of regexps; if one matches a file name, don't look for `-*-'.")
1299 (defvar inhibit-first-line-modes-suffixes nil
1300 "List of regexps for what to ignore, for `inhibit-first-line-modes-regexps'.
1301 When checking `inhibit-first-line-modes-regexps', we first discard
1302 from the end of the file name anything that matches one of these regexps.")
1304 (defvar user-init-file
1305 "" ; set by command-line
1306 "File name including directory of user's initialization file.")
1308 (defun set-auto-mode (&optional just-from-file-name
)
1309 "Select major mode appropriate for current buffer.
1310 This checks for a -*- mode tag in the buffer's text,
1311 compares the filename against the entries in `auto-mode-alist',
1312 or checks the interpreter that runs this file against
1313 `interpreter-mode-alist'.
1315 It does not check for the `mode:' local variable in the
1316 Local Variables section of the file; for that, use `hack-local-variables'.
1318 If `enable-local-variables' is nil, this function does not check for a
1321 If the optional argument JUST-FROM-FILE-NAME is non-nil,
1322 then we do not set anything but the major mode,
1323 and we don't even do that unless it would come from the file name."
1324 ;; Look for -*-MODENAME-*- or -*- ... mode: MODENAME; ... -*-
1325 (let (beg end done modes
)
1327 (goto-char (point-min))
1328 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
1329 (and enable-local-variables
1330 ;; Don't look for -*- if this file name matches any
1331 ;; of the regexps in inhibit-first-line-modes-regexps.
1332 (let ((temp inhibit-first-line-modes-regexps
)
1333 (name (if buffer-file-name
1334 (file-name-sans-versions buffer-file-name
)
1336 (while (let ((sufs inhibit-first-line-modes-suffixes
))
1337 (while (and sufs
(not (string-match (car sufs
) name
)))
1338 (setq sufs
(cdr sufs
)))
1340 (setq name
(substring name
0 (match-beginning 0))))
1342 (not (string-match (car temp
) name
)))
1343 (setq temp
(cdr temp
)))
1345 (search-forward "-*-" (save-excursion
1346 ;; If the file begins with "#!"
1347 ;; (exec interpreter magic), look
1348 ;; for mode frobs in the first two
1349 ;; lines. You cannot necessarily
1350 ;; put them in the first line of
1351 ;; such a file without screwing up
1352 ;; the interpreter invocation.
1353 (end-of-line (and (looking-at "^#!") 2))
1356 (skip-chars-forward " \t")
1358 (search-forward "-*-"
1359 (save-excursion (end-of-line) (point))
1363 (skip-chars-backward " \t")
1366 (if (save-excursion (search-forward ":" end t
))
1367 ;; Find all specifications for the `mode:' variable
1368 ;; and execute them left to right.
1369 (while (let ((case-fold-search t
))
1370 (or (and (looking-at "mode:")
1371 (goto-char (match-end 0)))
1372 (re-search-forward "[ \t;]mode:" end t
)))
1373 (skip-chars-forward " \t")
1375 (if (search-forward ";" end t
)
1378 (skip-chars-backward " \t")
1379 (setq modes
(cons (intern (concat (downcase (buffer-substring beg
(point))) "-mode"))
1381 ;; Simple -*-MODE-*- case.
1382 (setq modes
(cons (intern (concat (downcase (buffer-substring beg end
))
1385 ;; If we found modes to use, invoke them now,
1386 ;; outside the save-excursion.
1388 (unless just-from-file-name
1389 (mapcar 'funcall
(nreverse modes
)))
1391 ;; If we didn't find a mode from a -*- line, try using the file name.
1392 (if (and (not done
) buffer-file-name
)
1393 (let ((name buffer-file-name
)
1395 ;; Remove backup-suffixes from file name.
1396 (setq name
(file-name-sans-versions name
))
1398 (setq keep-going nil
)
1399 (let ((alist auto-mode-alist
)
1401 ;; Find first matching alist entry.
1402 (let ((case-fold-search
1403 (memq system-type
'(vax-vms windows-nt
))))
1404 (while (and (not mode
) alist
)
1405 (if (string-match (car (car alist
)) name
)
1406 (if (and (consp (cdr (car alist
)))
1407 (nth 2 (car alist
)))
1409 (setq mode
(car (cdr (car alist
)))
1410 name
(substring name
0 (match-beginning 0))
1412 (setq mode
(cdr (car alist
))
1414 (setq alist
(cdr alist
))))
1416 ;; When JUST-FROM-FILE-NAME is set,
1417 ;; we are working on behalf of set-visited-file-name.
1418 ;; In that case, if the major mode specified is the
1419 ;; same one we already have, don't actually reset it.
1420 ;; We don't want to lose minor modes such as Font Lock.
1421 (unless (and just-from-file-name
(eq mode major-mode
))
1423 ;; If we can't deduce a mode from the file name,
1424 ;; look for an interpreter specified in the first line.
1425 ;; As a special case, allow for things like "#!/bin/env perl",
1426 ;; which finds the interpreter anywhere in $PATH.
1429 (goto-char (point-min))
1430 (if (looking-at "#![ \t]?\\([^ \t\n]*/bin/env[ \t]\\)?\\([^ \t\n]+\\)")
1431 (buffer-substring (match-beginning 2)
1435 ;; Map interpreter name to a mode.
1436 (setq elt
(assoc (file-name-nondirectory interpreter
)
1437 interpreter-mode-alist
))
1438 (unless just-from-file-name
1440 (funcall (cdr elt
))))))))))))
1442 (defun hack-local-variables-prop-line ()
1443 ;; Set local variables specified in the -*- line.
1444 ;; Ignore any specification for `mode:' and `coding:';
1445 ;; set-auto-mode should already have handled `mode:',
1446 ;; set-auto-coding should already have handled `coding:'.
1448 (goto-char (point-min))
1450 (end (save-excursion (end-of-line (and (looking-at "^#!") 2)) (point))))
1451 ;; Parse the -*- line into the `result' alist.
1452 (cond ((not (search-forward "-*-" end t
))
1453 ;; doesn't have one.
1455 ((looking-at "[ \t]*\\([^ \t\n\r:;]+\\)\\([ \t]*-\\*-\\)")
1456 ;; Simple form: "-*- MODENAME -*-". Already handled.
1459 ;; Hairy form: '-*-' [ <variable> ':' <value> ';' ]* '-*-'
1460 ;; (last ";" is optional).
1462 (if (search-forward "-*-" end t
)
1463 (setq end
(- (point) 3))
1464 (error "-*- not terminated before end of line")))
1465 (while (< (point) end
)
1466 (or (looking-at "[ \t]*\\([^ \t\n:]+\\)[ \t]*:[ \t]*")
1467 (error "malformed -*- line"))
1468 (goto-char (match-end 0))
1469 ;; There used to be a downcase here,
1470 ;; but the manual didn't say so,
1471 ;; and people want to set var names that aren't all lc.
1472 (let ((key (intern (buffer-substring
1475 (val (save-restriction
1476 (narrow-to-region (point) end
)
1477 (read (current-buffer)))))
1478 ;; It is traditional to ignore
1479 ;; case when checking for `mode' in set-auto-mode,
1480 ;; so we must do that here as well.
1481 ;; That is inconsistent, but we're stuck with it.
1482 ;; The same can be said for `coding' in set-auto-coding.
1483 (or (equal (downcase (symbol-name key
)) "mode")
1484 (equal (downcase (symbol-name key
)) "coding")
1485 (setq result
(cons (cons key val
) result
)))
1486 (skip-chars-forward " \t;")))
1487 (setq result
(nreverse result
))))
1490 (or (eq enable-local-variables t
)
1491 (and enable-local-variables
1492 (save-window-excursion
1494 (switch-to-buffer (current-buffer))
1496 ;; If we fail to switch in the selected window,
1497 ;; it is probably a minibuffer.
1498 ;; So try another window.
1500 (switch-to-buffer-other-window (current-buffer))
1502 (switch-to-buffer-other-frame (current-buffer))))))
1503 (y-or-n-p (format "Set local variables as specified in -*- line of %s? "
1504 (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
)))))))
1505 (let ((enable-local-eval enable-local-eval
))
1507 (hack-one-local-variable (car (car result
)) (cdr (car result
)))
1508 (setq result
(cdr result
))))))))
1510 (defvar hack-local-variables-hook nil
1511 "Normal hook run after processing a file's local variables specs.
1512 Major modes can use this to examine user-specified local variables
1513 in order to initialize other data structure based on them.")
1515 (defun hack-local-variables (&optional mode-only
)
1516 "Parse and put into effect this buffer's local variables spec.
1517 If MODE-ONLY is non-nil, all we do is check whether the major mode
1518 is specified, returning t if it is specified."
1520 (hack-local-variables-prop-line))
1521 ;; Look for "Local variables:" line in last page.
1522 (let (mode-specified)
1524 (goto-char (point-max))
1525 (search-backward "\n\^L" (max (- (point-max) 3000) (point-min)) 'move
)
1526 (if (let ((case-fold-search t
))
1527 (and (search-forward "Local Variables:" nil t
)
1528 (or (eq enable-local-variables t
)
1530 (and enable-local-variables
1531 (save-window-excursion
1532 (switch-to-buffer (current-buffer))
1535 (set-window-start (selected-window) (point)))
1536 (y-or-n-p (format "Set local variables as specified at end of %s? "
1537 (if buffer-file-name
1538 (file-name-nondirectory
1541 (buffer-name))))))))))
1543 prefix prefixlen suffix beg
1545 (enable-local-eval enable-local-eval
))
1546 ;; The prefix is what comes before "local variables:" in its line.
1547 ;; The suffix is what comes after "local variables:" in its line.
1548 (skip-chars-forward " \t")
1550 (setq suffix
(buffer-substring (point)
1551 (progn (end-of-line) (point)))))
1552 (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
1555 (buffer-substring (point)
1556 (progn (beginning-of-line) (point)))))
1558 (if prefix
(setq prefixlen
(length prefix
)
1559 prefix
(regexp-quote prefix
)))
1560 (if suffix
(setq suffix
(concat (regexp-quote suffix
) "$")))
1562 ;; Look at next local variable spec.
1563 (if selective-display
(re-search-forward "[\n\C-m]")
1565 ;; Skip the prefix, if any.
1567 (if (looking-at prefix
)
1568 (forward-char prefixlen
)
1569 (error "Local variables entry is missing the prefix")))
1570 ;; Find the variable name; strip whitespace.
1571 (skip-chars-forward " \t")
1573 (skip-chars-forward "^:\n")
1574 (if (eolp) (error "Missing colon in local variables entry"))
1575 (skip-chars-backward " \t")
1576 (let* ((str (buffer-substring beg
(point)))
1579 ;; Setting variable named "end" means end of list.
1580 (if (string-equal (downcase str
) "end")
1582 ;; Otherwise read the variable value.
1583 (skip-chars-forward "^:")
1585 (setq val
(read (current-buffer)))
1586 (skip-chars-backward "\n")
1587 (skip-chars-forward " \t")
1588 (or (if suffix
(looking-at suffix
) (eolp))
1589 (error "Local variables entry is terminated incorrectly"))
1592 (setq mode-specified t
))
1593 ;; Set the variable. "Variables" mode and eval are funny.
1594 (hack-one-local-variable var val
))))))))
1596 (run-hooks 'hack-local-variables-hook
))
1599 (defvar ignored-local-variables
1600 '(enable-local-eval)
1601 "Variables to be ignored in a file's local variable spec.")
1603 ;; Get confirmation before setting these variables as locals in a file.
1604 (put 'debugger
'risky-local-variable t
)
1605 (put 'enable-local-eval
'risky-local-variable t
)
1606 (put 'ignored-local-variables
'risky-local-variable t
)
1607 (put 'eval
'risky-local-variable t
)
1608 (put 'file-name-handler-alist
'risky-local-variable t
)
1609 (put 'minor-mode-map-alist
'risky-local-variable t
)
1610 (put 'after-load-alist
'risky-local-variable t
)
1611 (put 'buffer-file-name
'risky-local-variable t
)
1612 (put 'buffer-auto-save-file-name
'risky-local-variable t
)
1613 (put 'buffer-file-truename
'risky-local-variable t
)
1614 (put 'exec-path
'risky-local-variable t
)
1615 (put 'load-path
'risky-local-variable t
)
1616 (put 'exec-directory
'risky-local-variable t
)
1617 (put 'process-environment
'risky-local-variable t
)
1618 (put 'dabbrev-case-fold-search
'risky-local-variable t
)
1619 (put 'dabbrev-case-replace
'risky-local-variable t
)
1620 ;; Don't wait for outline.el to be loaded, for the sake of outline-minor-mode.
1621 (put 'outline-level
'risky-local-variable t
)
1622 (put 'rmail-output-file-alist
'risky-local-variable t
)
1624 ;; This one is safe because the user gets to check it before it is used.
1625 (put 'compile-command
'safe-local-variable t
)
1627 (defun hack-one-local-variable-quotep (exp)
1628 (and (consp exp
) (eq (car exp
) 'quote
) (consp (cdr exp
))))
1630 ;; "Set" one variable in a local variables spec.
1631 ;; A few variable names are treated specially.
1632 (defun hack-one-local-variable (var val
)
1633 (cond ((eq var
'mode
)
1634 (funcall (intern (concat (downcase (symbol-name val
))
1637 ;; We have already handled coding: tag in set-auto-coding.
1639 ((memq var ignored-local-variables
)
1641 ;; "Setting" eval means either eval it or do nothing.
1642 ;; Likewise for setting hook variables.
1643 ((or (get var
'risky-local-variable
)
1645 (string-match "-hooks?$\\|-functions?$\\|-forms?$\\|-program$\\|-command$\\|-predicate$"
1647 (not (get var
'safe-local-variable
))))
1648 ;; Permit evalling a put of a harmless property.
1649 ;; if the args do nothing tricky.
1650 (if (or (and (eq var
'eval
)
1653 (hack-one-local-variable-quotep (nth 1 val
))
1654 (hack-one-local-variable-quotep (nth 2 val
))
1655 ;; Only allow safe values of lisp-indent-hook;
1657 (or (numberp (nth 3 val
))
1658 (equal (nth 3 val
) ''defun
))
1659 (memq (nth 1 (nth 2 val
))
1660 '(lisp-indent-hook)))
1661 ;; Permit eval if not root and user says ok.
1662 (and (not (zerop (user-uid)))
1663 (or (eq enable-local-eval t
)
1664 (and enable-local-eval
1665 (save-window-excursion
1666 (switch-to-buffer (current-buffer))
1669 (set-window-start (selected-window) (point)))
1670 (setq enable-local-eval
1671 (y-or-n-p (format "Process `eval' or hook local variables in file %s? "
1672 (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
)))))))))
1674 (save-excursion (eval val
))
1675 (make-local-variable var
)
1677 (message "Ignoring `eval:' in file's local variables")))
1678 ;; Ordinary variable, really set it.
1679 (t (make-local-variable var
)
1683 (defcustom change-major-mode-with-file-name t
1684 "*Non-nil means \\[write-file] should set the major mode from the file name.
1685 However, the mode will not be changed if
1686 \(1) a local variables list or the `-*-' line specifies a major mode, or
1687 \(2) the current major mode is a \"special\" mode,
1688 \ not suitable for ordinary files, or
1689 \(3) the new file name does not particularly specify any mode."
1691 :group
'editing-basics
)
1693 (defun set-visited-file-name (filename &optional no-query along-with-file
)
1694 "Change name of file visited in current buffer to FILENAME.
1695 The next time the buffer is saved it will go in the newly specified file.
1696 nil or empty string as argument means make buffer not be visiting any file.
1697 Remember to delete the initial contents of the minibuffer
1698 if you wish to pass an empty string as the argument.
1700 The optional second argument NO-QUERY, if non-nil, inhibits asking for
1701 confirmation in the case where another buffer is already visiting FILENAME.
1703 The optional third argument ALONG-WITH-FILE, if non-nil, means that
1704 the old visited file has been renamed to the new name FILENAME."
1705 (interactive "FSet visited file name: ")
1706 (if (buffer-base-buffer)
1707 (error "An indirect buffer cannot visit a file"))
1711 (if (string-equal filename
"")
1713 (expand-file-name filename
))))
1716 (setq truename
(file-truename filename
))
1717 (if find-file-visit-truename
1718 (setq filename truename
))))
1719 (let ((buffer (and filename
(find-buffer-visiting filename
))))
1720 (and buffer
(not (eq buffer
(current-buffer)))
1722 (not (y-or-n-p (message "A buffer is visiting %s; proceed? "
1725 (or (equal filename buffer-file-name
)
1727 (and filename
(lock-buffer filename
))
1729 (setq buffer-file-name filename
)
1730 (if filename
; make buffer name reflect filename.
1731 (let ((new-name (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
)))
1732 (if (string= new-name
"")
1733 (error "Empty file name"))
1734 (if (eq system-type
'vax-vms
)
1735 (setq new-name
(downcase new-name
)))
1736 (setq default-directory
(file-name-directory buffer-file-name
))
1737 (or (string= new-name
(buffer-name))
1738 (rename-buffer new-name t
))))
1739 (setq buffer-backed-up nil
)
1741 (clear-visited-file-modtime))
1742 ;; Abbreviate the file names of the buffer.
1745 (setq buffer-file-truename
(abbreviate-file-name truename
))
1746 (if find-file-visit-truename
1747 (setq buffer-file-name buffer-file-truename
))))
1748 (setq buffer-file-number
1750 (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes buffer-file-name
))
1752 ;; write-file-hooks is normally used for things like ftp-find-file
1753 ;; that visit things that are not local files as if they were files.
1754 ;; Changing to visit an ordinary local file instead should flush the hook.
1755 (kill-local-variable 'write-file-hooks
)
1756 (kill-local-variable 'local-write-file-hooks
)
1757 (kill-local-variable 'revert-buffer-function
)
1758 (kill-local-variable 'backup-inhibited
)
1759 ;; If buffer was read-only because of version control,
1760 ;; that reason is gone now, so make it writable.
1762 (setq buffer-read-only nil
))
1763 (kill-local-variable 'vc-mode
)
1764 ;; Turn off backup files for certain file names.
1765 ;; Since this is a permanent local, the major mode won't eliminate it.
1766 (and buffer-file-name
1767 (not (funcall backup-enable-predicate buffer-file-name
))
1769 (make-local-variable 'backup-inhibited
)
1770 (setq backup-inhibited t
)))
1771 (let ((oauto buffer-auto-save-file-name
))
1772 ;; If auto-save was not already on, turn it on if appropriate.
1773 (if (not buffer-auto-save-file-name
)
1774 (and buffer-file-name auto-save-default
1776 ;; If auto save is on, start using a new name.
1777 ;; We deliberately don't rename or delete the old auto save
1778 ;; for the old visited file name. This is because perhaps
1779 ;; the user wants to save the new state and then compare with the
1780 ;; previous state from the auto save file.
1781 (setq buffer-auto-save-file-name
1782 (make-auto-save-file-name)))
1783 ;; Rename the old auto save file if any.
1784 (and oauto buffer-auto-save-file-name
1785 (file-exists-p oauto
)
1786 (rename-file oauto buffer-auto-save-file-name t
)))
1787 (and buffer-file-name
1788 (not along-with-file
)
1789 (set-buffer-modified-p t
))
1790 ;; Update the major mode, if the file name determines it.
1792 ;; Don't change the mode if it is special.
1793 (or (not change-major-mode-with-file-name
)
1794 (get major-mode
'mode-class
)
1795 ;; Don't change the mode if the local variable list specifies it.
1796 (hack-local-variables t
)
1800 (defun write-file (filename &optional confirm
)
1801 "Write current buffer into file FILENAME.
1802 Makes buffer visit that file, and marks it not modified.
1803 If the buffer is already visiting a file, you can specify
1804 a directory name as FILENAME, to write a file of the same
1805 old name in that directory.
1807 If optional second arg CONFIRM is non-nil,
1808 ask for confirmation for overwriting an existing file.
1809 Interactively, confirmation is required unless you supply a prefix argument."
1810 ;; (interactive "FWrite file: ")
1812 (list (if buffer-file-name
1813 (read-file-name "Write file: "
1815 (read-file-name "Write file: "
1816 (cdr (assq 'default-directory
1817 (buffer-local-variables)))
1818 nil nil
(file-name-nondirectory (buffer-name))))
1819 (not current-prefix-arg
)))
1820 (or (null filename
) (string-equal filename
"")
1822 ;; If arg is just a directory,
1823 ;; use same file name, but in that directory.
1824 (if (and (file-directory-p filename
) buffer-file-name
)
1825 (setq filename
(concat (file-name-as-directory filename
)
1826 (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
))))
1828 (file-exists-p filename
)
1829 (or (y-or-n-p (format "File `%s' exists; overwrite? " filename
))
1830 (error "Canceled")))
1831 (set-visited-file-name filename
(not confirm
))))
1832 (set-buffer-modified-p t
)
1833 ;; Make buffer writable if file is writable.
1834 (and buffer-file-name
1835 (file-writable-p buffer-file-name
)
1836 (setq buffer-read-only nil
))
1839 (defun backup-buffer ()
1840 "Make a backup of the disk file visited by the current buffer, if appropriate.
1841 This is normally done before saving the buffer the first time.
1842 If the value is non-nil, it is the result of `file-modes' on the original
1843 file; this means that the caller, after saving the buffer, should change
1844 the modes of the new file to agree with the old modes.
1846 A backup may be done by renaming or by copying; see documentation of
1847 variable `make-backup-files'. If it's done by renaming, then the file is
1848 no longer accessible under its old name."
1849 (if (and make-backup-files
(not backup-inhibited
)
1850 (not buffer-backed-up
)
1851 (file-exists-p buffer-file-name
)
1852 (memq (aref (elt (file-attributes buffer-file-name
) 8) 0)
1854 (let ((real-file-name buffer-file-name
)
1855 backup-info backupname targets setmodes
)
1856 ;; If specified name is a symbolic link, chase it to the target.
1857 ;; Thus we make the backups in the directory where the real file is.
1858 (setq real-file-name
(file-chase-links real-file-name
))
1859 (setq backup-info
(find-backup-file-name real-file-name
)
1860 backupname
(car backup-info
)
1861 targets
(cdr backup-info
))
1862 ;;; (if (file-directory-p buffer-file-name)
1863 ;;; (error "Cannot save buffer in directory %s" buffer-file-name))
1866 (let ((delete-old-versions
1867 ;; If have old versions to maybe delete,
1868 ;; ask the user to confirm now, before doing anything.
1869 ;; But don't actually delete til later.
1871 (or (eq delete-old-versions t
) (eq delete-old-versions nil
))
1872 (or delete-old-versions
1873 (y-or-n-p (format "Delete excess backup versions of %s? "
1874 real-file-name
))))))
1875 ;; Actually write the back up file.
1877 (if (or file-precious-flag
1878 ; (file-symlink-p buffer-file-name)
1880 (and backup-by-copying-when-linked
1881 (> (file-nlinks real-file-name
) 1))
1882 (and backup-by-copying-when-mismatch
1883 (let ((attr (file-attributes real-file-name
)))
1885 (not (file-ownership-preserved-p real-file-name
))))))
1887 (copy-file real-file-name backupname t t
)
1889 ;; If copying fails because file BACKUPNAME
1890 ;; is not writable, delete that file and try again.
1891 (if (and (file-exists-p backupname
)
1892 (not (file-writable-p backupname
)))
1893 (delete-file backupname
))
1894 (copy-file real-file-name backupname t t
)))
1895 ;; rename-file should delete old backup.
1896 (rename-file real-file-name backupname t
)
1897 (setq setmodes
(file-modes backupname
)))
1899 ;; If trouble writing the backup, write it in ~.
1900 (setq backupname
(expand-file-name
1901 (convert-standard-filename
1903 (message "Cannot write backup file; backing up in %s"
1904 (file-name-nondirectory backupname
))
1907 (copy-file real-file-name backupname t t
)
1909 ;; If copying fails because file BACKUPNAME
1910 ;; is not writable, delete that file and try again.
1911 (if (and (file-exists-p backupname
)
1912 (not (file-writable-p backupname
)))
1913 (delete-file backupname
))
1914 (copy-file real-file-name backupname t t
)))))
1915 (setq buffer-backed-up t
)
1916 ;; Now delete the old versions, if desired.
1917 (if delete-old-versions
1920 (delete-file (car targets
))
1922 (setq targets
(cdr targets
))))
1924 (file-error nil
))))))
1926 (defun file-name-sans-versions (name &optional keep-backup-version
)
1927 "Return FILENAME sans backup versions or strings.
1928 This is a separate procedure so your site-init or startup file can
1930 If the optional argument KEEP-BACKUP-VERSION is non-nil,
1931 we do not remove backup version numbers, only true file version numbers."
1932 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler name
'file-name-sans-versions
)))
1934 (funcall handler
'file-name-sans-versions name keep-backup-version
)
1936 (if (eq system-type
'vax-vms
)
1937 ;; VMS version number is (a) semicolon, optional
1938 ;; sign, zero or more digits or (b) period, option
1939 ;; sign, zero or more digits, provided this is the
1940 ;; second period encountered outside of the
1941 ;; device/directory part of the file name.
1942 (or (string-match ";[-+]?[0-9]*\\'" name
)
1943 (if (string-match "\\.[^]>:]*\\(\\.[-+]?[0-9]*\\)\\'"
1945 (match-beginning 1))
1947 (if keep-backup-version
1949 (or (string-match "\\.~[0-9.]+~\\'" name
)
1950 (string-match "~\\'" name
)
1951 (length name
))))))))
1953 (defun file-ownership-preserved-p (file)
1954 "Returns t if deleting FILE and rewriting it would preserve the owner."
1955 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler file
'file-ownership-preserved-p
)))
1957 (funcall handler
'file-ownership-preserved-p file
)
1958 (let ((attributes (file-attributes file
)))
1959 ;; Return t if the file doesn't exist, since it's true that no
1960 ;; information would be lost by an (attempted) delete and create.
1961 (or (null attributes
)
1962 (= (nth 2 attributes
) (user-uid)))))))
1964 (defun file-name-sans-extension (filename)
1965 "Return FILENAME sans final \"extension\".
1966 The extension, in a file name, is the part that follows the last `.'."
1968 (let ((file (file-name-sans-versions (file-name-nondirectory filename
)))
1970 (if (string-match "\\.[^.]*\\'" file
)
1971 (if (setq directory
(file-name-directory filename
))
1972 (expand-file-name (substring file
0 (match-beginning 0))
1974 (substring file
0 (match-beginning 0)))
1977 (defun file-name-extension (filename &optional period
)
1978 "Return FILENAME's final \"extension\".
1979 The extension, in a file name, is the part that follows the last `.'.
1980 Return nil for extensionless file names such as `foo'.
1981 Return the empty string for file names such as `foo.'.
1983 If PERIOD is non-nil, then the returned value includes the period
1984 that delimits the extension, and if FILENAME has no extension,
1987 (let ((file (file-name-sans-versions (file-name-nondirectory filename
))))
1988 (if (string-match "\\.[^.]*\\'" file
)
1989 (substring file
(+ (match-beginning 0) (if period
0 1)))
1993 (defun make-backup-file-name (file)
1994 "Create the non-numeric backup file name for FILE.
1995 This is a separate function so you can redefine it for customization."
1996 (if (and (eq system-type
'ms-dos
)
1997 (not (msdos-long-file-names)))
1998 (let ((fn (file-name-nondirectory file
)))
1999 (concat (file-name-directory file
)
2001 (and (string-match "\\`[^.]+\\'" fn
)
2002 (concat (match-string 0 fn
) ".~"))
2003 (and (string-match "\\`[^.]+\\.\\(..?\\)?" fn
)
2004 (concat (match-string 0 fn
) "~")))))
2007 (defun backup-file-name-p (file)
2008 "Return non-nil if FILE is a backup file name (numeric or not).
2009 This is a separate function so you can redefine it for customization.
2010 You may need to redefine `file-name-sans-versions' as well."
2011 (string-match "~\\'" file
))
2013 (defvar backup-extract-version-start
)
2015 ;; This is used in various files.
2016 ;; The usage of bv-length is not very clean,
2017 ;; but I can't see a good alternative,
2018 ;; so as of now I am leaving it alone.
2019 (defun backup-extract-version (fn)
2020 "Given the name of a numeric backup file, return the backup number.
2021 Uses the free variable `backup-extract-version-start', whose value should be
2022 the index in the name where the version number begins."
2023 (if (and (string-match "[0-9]+~$" fn backup-extract-version-start
)
2024 (= (match-beginning 0) backup-extract-version-start
))
2025 (string-to-int (substring fn backup-extract-version-start -
1))
2028 ;; I believe there is no need to alter this behavior for VMS;
2029 ;; since backup files are not made on VMS, it should not get called.
2030 (defun find-backup-file-name (fn)
2031 "Find a file name for a backup file, and suggestions for deletions.
2032 Value is a list whose car is the name for the backup file
2033 and whose cdr is a list of old versions to consider deleting now.
2034 If the value is nil, don't make a backup."
2035 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler fn
'find-backup-file-name
)))
2036 ;; Run a handler for this function so that ange-ftp can refuse to do it.
2038 (funcall handler
'find-backup-file-name fn
)
2039 (if (eq version-control
'never
)
2040 (list (make-backup-file-name fn
))
2041 (let* ((base-versions (concat (file-name-nondirectory fn
) ".~"))
2042 (backup-extract-version-start (length base-versions
))
2046 (deserve-versions-p nil
)
2047 (number-to-delete 0))
2049 (setq possibilities
(file-name-all-completions
2051 (file-name-directory fn
))
2052 versions
(sort (mapcar
2053 (function backup-extract-version
)
2056 high-water-mark
(apply 'max
0 versions
)
2057 deserve-versions-p
(or version-control
2058 (> high-water-mark
0))
2059 number-to-delete
(- (length versions
)
2060 kept-old-versions kept-new-versions -
1))
2062 (setq possibilities nil
)))
2063 (if (not deserve-versions-p
)
2064 (list (make-backup-file-name fn
))
2065 (cons (concat fn
".~" (int-to-string (1+ high-water-mark
)) "~")
2066 (if (and (> number-to-delete
0)
2067 ;; Delete nothing if there is overflow
2068 ;; in the number of versions to keep.
2069 (>= (+ kept-new-versions kept-old-versions -
1) 0))
2070 (mapcar (function (lambda (n)
2071 (concat fn
".~" (int-to-string n
) "~")))
2072 (let ((v (nthcdr kept-old-versions versions
)))
2073 (rplacd (nthcdr (1- number-to-delete
) v
) ())
2076 (defun file-nlinks (filename)
2077 "Return number of names file FILENAME has."
2078 (car (cdr (file-attributes filename
))))
2080 (defun file-relative-name (filename &optional directory
)
2081 "Convert FILENAME to be relative to DIRECTORY (default: default-directory).
2082 This function returns a relative file name which is equivalent to FILENAME
2083 when used with that default directory as the default.
2084 If this is impossible (which can happen on MSDOS and Windows
2085 when the file name and directory use different drive names)
2086 then it returns FILENAME."
2088 (let ((fname (expand-file-name filename
)))
2089 (setq directory
(file-name-as-directory
2090 (expand-file-name (or directory default-directory
))))
2091 ;; On Microsoft OSes, if FILENAME and DIRECTORY have different
2092 ;; drive names, they can't be relative, so return the absolute name.
2093 (if (and (or (eq system-type
'ms-dos
)
2094 (eq system-type
'windows-nt
))
2095 (not (string-equal (substring fname
0 2)
2096 (substring directory
0 2))))
2098 (let ((ancestor ".")
2099 (fname-dir (file-name-as-directory fname
)))
2100 (while (and (not (string-match (concat "^" (regexp-quote directory
)) fname-dir
))
2101 (not (string-match (concat "^" (regexp-quote directory
)) fname
)))
2102 (setq directory
(file-name-directory (substring directory
0 -
1))
2103 ancestor
(if (equal ancestor
".")
2105 (concat "../" ancestor
))))
2106 ;; Now ancestor is empty, or .., or ../.., etc.
2107 (if (string-match (concat "^" (regexp-quote directory
)) fname
)
2108 ;; We matched within FNAME's directory part.
2109 ;; Add the rest of FNAME onto ANCESTOR.
2110 (let ((rest (substring fname
(match-end 0))))
2111 (if (and (equal ancestor
".")
2112 (not (equal rest
"")))
2113 ;; But don't bother with ANCESTOR if it would give us `./'.
2115 (concat (file-name-as-directory ancestor
) rest
)))
2116 ;; We matched FNAME's directory equivalent.
2119 (defun save-buffer (&optional args
)
2120 "Save current buffer in visited file if modified. Versions described below.
2121 By default, makes the previous version into a backup file
2122 if previously requested or if this is the first save.
2123 With 1 \\[universal-argument], marks this version
2124 to become a backup when the next save is done.
2125 With 2 \\[universal-argument]'s,
2126 unconditionally makes the previous version into a backup file.
2127 With 3 \\[universal-argument]'s, marks this version
2128 to become a backup when the next save is done,
2129 and unconditionally makes the previous version into a backup file.
2131 With argument of 0, never makes the previous version into a backup file.
2133 If a file's name is FOO, the names of its numbered backup versions are
2134 FOO.~i~ for various integers i. A non-numbered backup file is called FOO~.
2135 Numeric backups (rather than FOO~) will be made if value of
2136 `version-control' is not the atom `never' and either there are already
2137 numeric versions of the file being backed up, or `version-control' is
2139 We don't want excessive versions piling up, so there are variables
2140 `kept-old-versions', which tells Emacs how many oldest versions to keep,
2141 and `kept-new-versions', which tells how many newest versions to keep.
2142 Defaults are 2 old versions and 2 new.
2143 `dired-kept-versions' controls dired's clean-directory (.) command.
2144 If `delete-old-versions' is nil, system will query user
2145 before trimming versions. Otherwise it does it silently."
2147 (let ((modp (buffer-modified-p))
2148 (large (> (buffer-size) 50000))
2149 (make-backup-files (or (and make-backup-files
(not (eq args
0)))
2150 (memq args
'(16 64)))))
2151 (and modp
(memq args
'(16 64)) (setq buffer-backed-up nil
))
2152 (if (and modp large
) (message "Saving file %s..." (buffer-file-name)))
2154 (and modp
(memq args
'(4 64)) (setq buffer-backed-up nil
))))
2156 (defun delete-auto-save-file-if-necessary (&optional force
)
2157 "Delete auto-save file for current buffer if `delete-auto-save-files' is t.
2158 Normally delete only if the file was written by this Emacs since
2159 the last real save, but optional arg FORCE non-nil means delete anyway."
2160 (and buffer-auto-save-file-name delete-auto-save-files
2161 (not (string= buffer-file-name buffer-auto-save-file-name
))
2162 (or force
(recent-auto-save-p))
2165 (delete-file buffer-auto-save-file-name
)
2167 (set-buffer-auto-saved))))
2169 (defvar after-save-hook nil
2170 "Normal hook that is run after a buffer is saved to its file.")
2172 (defvar save-buffer-coding-system nil
2173 "If non-nil, use this coding system for saving the buffer.
2174 More precisely, use this coding system in place of the
2175 value of `buffer-file-coding-system', when saving the buffer.
2176 Calling `write-region' for any purpose other than saving the buffer
2177 will still use `buffer-file-coding-system'; this variable has no effect
2180 (defun basic-save-buffer ()
2181 "Save the current buffer in its visited file, if it has been modified.
2182 After saving the buffer, run `after-save-hook'."
2184 (save-current-buffer
2185 ;; In an indirect buffer, save its base buffer instead.
2186 (if (buffer-base-buffer)
2187 (set-buffer (buffer-base-buffer)))
2188 (if (buffer-modified-p)
2189 (let ((recent-save (recent-auto-save-p))
2190 setmodes tempsetmodes
)
2191 ;; On VMS, rename file and buffer to get rid of version number.
2192 (if (and (eq system-type
'vax-vms
)
2193 (not (string= buffer-file-name
2194 (file-name-sans-versions buffer-file-name
))))
2195 (let (buffer-new-name)
2196 ;; Strip VMS version number before save.
2197 (setq buffer-file-name
2198 (file-name-sans-versions buffer-file-name
))
2199 ;; Construct a (unique) buffer name to correspond.
2200 (let ((buf (create-file-buffer (downcase buffer-file-name
))))
2201 (setq buffer-new-name
(buffer-name buf
))
2203 (rename-buffer buffer-new-name
)))
2204 ;; If buffer has no file name, ask user for one.
2205 (or buffer-file-name
2208 (read-file-name "File to save in: ") nil
)))
2209 (and (file-exists-p filename
)
2210 (or (y-or-n-p (format "File `%s' exists; overwrite? "
2212 (error "Canceled")))
2213 (set-visited-file-name filename
)))
2214 (or (verify-visited-file-modtime (current-buffer))
2215 (not (file-exists-p buffer-file-name
))
2217 (format "%s has changed since visited or saved. Save anyway? "
2218 (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
)))
2219 (error "Save not confirmed"))
2223 (and (> (point-max) 1)
2224 (/= (char-after (1- (point-max))) ?
\n)
2225 (not (and (eq selective-display t
)
2226 (= (char-after (1- (point-max))) ?
\r)))
2227 (or (eq require-final-newline t
)
2228 (and require-final-newline
2230 (format "Buffer %s does not end in newline. Add one? "
2233 (goto-char (point-max))
2235 (or (run-hook-with-args-until-success 'write-contents-hooks
)
2236 (run-hook-with-args-until-success 'local-write-file-hooks
)
2237 (run-hook-with-args-until-success 'write-file-hooks
)
2238 ;; If a hook returned t, file is already "written".
2239 ;; Otherwise, write it the usual way now.
2240 (setq setmodes
(basic-save-buffer-1)))
2241 ;; Now we have saved the current buffer. Let's make sure
2242 ;; that buffer-file-coding-system is fixed to what
2243 ;; actually used for saving by binding it locally.
2244 (if save-buffer-coding-system
2245 (setq save-buffer-coding-system last-coding-system-used
)
2246 (setq buffer-file-coding-system last-coding-system-used
))
2247 (setq buffer-file-number
2248 (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes buffer-file-name
)))
2251 (set-file-modes buffer-file-name setmodes
)
2253 ;; If the auto-save file was recent before this command,
2255 (delete-auto-save-file-if-necessary recent-save
)
2256 ;; Support VC `implicit' locking.
2258 (run-hooks 'after-save-hook
))
2259 (message "(No changes need to be saved)"))))
2261 ;; This does the "real job" of writing a buffer into its visited file
2262 ;; and making a backup file. This is what is normally done
2263 ;; but inhibited if one of write-file-hooks returns non-nil.
2264 ;; It returns a value to store in setmodes.
2265 (defun basic-save-buffer-1 ()
2266 (let ((buffer-file-coding-system
2267 (or save-buffer-coding-system
2268 buffer-file-coding-system
))
2269 tempsetmodes setmodes
)
2270 (if (not (file-writable-p buffer-file-name
))
2271 (let ((dir (file-name-directory buffer-file-name
)))
2272 (if (not (file-directory-p dir
))
2273 (if (file-exists-p dir
)
2274 (error "%s is not a directory" dir
)
2275 (error "%s: no such directory" buffer-file-name
))
2276 (if (not (file-exists-p buffer-file-name
))
2277 (error "Directory %s write-protected" dir
)
2279 (format "File %s is write-protected; try to save anyway? "
2280 (file-name-nondirectory
2282 (setq tempsetmodes t
)
2283 (error "Attempt to save to a file which you aren't allowed to write"))))))
2284 (or buffer-backed-up
2285 (setq setmodes
(backup-buffer)))
2286 (let ((dir (file-name-directory buffer-file-name
)))
2287 (if (and file-precious-flag
2288 (file-writable-p dir
))
2289 ;; If file is precious, write temp name, then rename it.
2290 ;; This requires write access to the containing dir,
2291 ;; which is why we don't try it if we don't have that access.
2292 (let ((realname buffer-file-name
)
2293 tempname temp nogood i succeed
2294 (old-modtime (visited-file-modtime)))
2297 ;; Find the temporary name to write under.
2299 (setq tempname
(format
2300 (if (and (eq system-type
'ms-dos
)
2301 (not (msdos-long-file-names)))
2302 "%s#%d.tm#" ; MSDOS limits files to 8+3
2305 (setq nogood
(file-exists-p tempname
))
2308 (progn (clear-visited-file-modtime)
2309 (write-region (point-min) (point-max)
2310 tempname nil realname
2311 buffer-file-truename
)
2313 ;; If writing the temp file fails,
2314 ;; delete the temp file.
2317 (delete-file tempname
)
2318 (set-visited-file-modtime old-modtime
))))
2319 ;; Since we have created an entirely new file
2320 ;; and renamed it, make sure it gets the
2321 ;; right permission bits set.
2322 (setq setmodes
(file-modes buffer-file-name
))
2323 ;; We succeeded in writing the temp file,
2325 (rename-file tempname buffer-file-name t
))
2326 ;; If file not writable, see if we can make it writable
2327 ;; temporarily while we write it.
2328 ;; But no need to do so if we have just backed it up
2329 ;; (setmodes is set) because that says we're superseding.
2330 (cond ((and tempsetmodes
(not setmodes
))
2331 ;; Change the mode back, after writing.
2332 (setq setmodes
(file-modes buffer-file-name
))
2333 (set-file-modes buffer-file-name
511)))
2334 (write-region (point-min) (point-max)
2335 buffer-file-name nil t buffer-file-truename
)))
2338 (defun save-some-buffers (&optional arg exiting
)
2339 "Save some modified file-visiting buffers. Asks user about each one.
2340 Optional argument (the prefix) non-nil means save all with no questions.
2341 Optional second argument EXITING means ask about certain non-file buffers
2342 as well as about file buffers."
2344 (save-window-excursion
2345 (let* ((queried nil
)
2350 (and (buffer-modified-p buffer
)
2351 (not (buffer-base-buffer buffer
))
2353 (buffer-file-name buffer
)
2357 (and buffer-offer-save
(> (buffer-size) 0)))))
2361 (if (buffer-file-name buffer
)
2362 (format "Save file %s? "
2363 (buffer-file-name buffer
))
2364 (format "Save buffer %s? "
2365 (buffer-name buffer
)))))))
2371 '("buffer" "buffers" "save")
2372 (list (list ?\C-r
(lambda (buf)
2376 (exit-recursive-edit))))
2378 ;; Return nil to ask about BUF again.
2380 "display the current buffer"))))
2382 (and save-abbrevs abbrevs-changed
2385 (y-or-n-p (format "Save abbrevs in %s? "
2387 (write-abbrev-file nil
))
2388 ;; Don't keep bothering user if he says no.
2389 (setq abbrevs-changed nil
)
2391 (or queried
(> files-done
0) abbrevs-done
2392 (message "(No files need saving)")))))
2394 (defun not-modified (&optional arg
)
2395 "Mark current buffer as unmodified, not needing to be saved.
2396 With prefix arg, mark buffer as modified, so \\[save-buffer] will save.
2398 It is not a good idea to use this function in Lisp programs, because it
2399 prints a message in the minibuffer. Instead, use `set-buffer-modified-p'."
2401 (message (if arg
"Modification-flag set"
2402 "Modification-flag cleared"))
2403 (set-buffer-modified-p arg
))
2405 (defun toggle-read-only (&optional arg
)
2406 "Change whether this buffer is visiting its file read-only.
2407 With arg, set read-only iff arg is positive.
2408 If visiting file read-only and `view-read-only' is non-nil, enter view mode."
2411 ((and arg
(if (> (prefix-numeric-value arg
) 0) buffer-read-only
2412 (not buffer-read-only
))) ; If buffer-read-only is set correctly,
2415 ((and buffer-read-only view-mode
)
2416 (View-exit-and-edit)
2417 (make-local-variable 'view-read-only
)
2418 (setq view-read-only t
)) ; Must leave view mode.
2419 ((and (not buffer-read-only
) view-read-only
2420 (not (eq (get major-mode
'mode-class
) 'special
)))
2422 (t (setq buffer-read-only
(not buffer-read-only
))
2423 (force-mode-line-update))))
2425 (defun insert-file (filename)
2426 "Insert contents of file FILENAME into buffer after point.
2427 Set mark after the inserted text.
2429 This function is meant for the user to run interactively.
2430 Don't call it from programs! Use `insert-file-contents' instead.
2431 \(Its calling sequence is different; see its documentation)."
2432 (interactive "*fInsert file: ")
2433 (if (file-directory-p filename
)
2434 (signal 'file-error
(list "Opening input file" "file is a directory"
2436 (let ((tem (insert-file-contents filename
)))
2437 (push-mark (+ (point) (car (cdr tem
))))))
2439 (defun append-to-file (start end filename
)
2440 "Append the contents of the region to the end of file FILENAME.
2441 When called from a function, expects three arguments,
2442 START, END and FILENAME. START and END are buffer positions
2443 saying what text to write."
2444 (interactive "r\nFAppend to file: ")
2445 (write-region start end filename t
))
2447 (defun file-newest-backup (filename)
2448 "Return most recent backup file for FILENAME or nil if no backups exist."
2449 (let* ((filename (expand-file-name filename
))
2450 (file (file-name-nondirectory filename
))
2451 (dir (file-name-directory filename
))
2452 (comp (file-name-all-completions file dir
))
2456 (setq tem
(car comp
)
2458 (cond ((and (backup-file-name-p tem
)
2459 (string= (file-name-sans-versions tem
) file
))
2460 (setq tem
(concat dir tem
))
2461 (if (or (null newest
)
2462 (file-newer-than-file-p tem newest
))
2463 (setq newest tem
)))))
2466 (defun rename-uniquely ()
2467 "Rename current buffer to a similar name not already taken.
2468 This function is useful for creating multiple shell process buffers
2469 or multiple mail buffers, etc."
2472 (let ((base-name (buffer-name)))
2473 (and (string-match "<[0-9]+>\\'" base-name
)
2474 (not (and buffer-file-name
2476 (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
))))
2477 ;; If the existing buffer name has a <NNN>,
2478 ;; which isn't part of the file name (if any),
2479 ;; then get rid of that.
2480 (setq base-name
(substring base-name
0 (match-beginning 0))))
2481 (rename-buffer (generate-new-buffer-name base-name
))
2482 (force-mode-line-update))))
2484 (defun make-directory (dir &optional parents
)
2485 "Create the directory DIR and any nonexistent parent dirs.
2486 Interactively, the default choice of directory to create
2487 is the current default directory for file names.
2488 That is useful when you have visited a file in a nonexistent directory.
2490 Noninteractively, the second (optional) argument PARENTS says whether
2491 to create parent directories if they don't exist."
2493 (list (read-file-name "Make directory: " default-directory default-directory
2496 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler dir
'make-directory
)))
2498 (funcall handler
'make-directory dir parents
)
2500 (make-directory-internal dir
)
2501 (let ((dir (directory-file-name (expand-file-name dir
)))
2503 (while (not (file-exists-p dir
))
2504 (setq create-list
(cons dir create-list
)
2505 dir
(directory-file-name (file-name-directory dir
))))
2507 (make-directory-internal (car create-list
))
2508 (setq create-list
(cdr create-list
))))))))
2510 (put 'revert-buffer-function
'permanent-local t
)
2511 (defvar revert-buffer-function nil
2512 "Function to use to revert this buffer, or nil to do the default.
2513 The function receives two arguments IGNORE-AUTO and NOCONFIRM,
2514 which are the arguments that `revert-buffer' received.")
2516 (put 'revert-buffer-insert-file-contents-function
'permanent-local t
)
2517 (defvar revert-buffer-insert-file-contents-function nil
2518 "Function to use to insert contents when reverting this buffer.
2519 Gets two args, first the nominal file name to use,
2520 and second, t if reading the auto-save file.")
2522 (defvar before-revert-hook nil
2523 "Normal hook for `revert-buffer' to run before reverting.
2524 If `revert-buffer-function' is used to override the normal revert
2525 mechanism, this hook is not used.")
2527 (defvar after-revert-hook nil
2528 "Normal hook for `revert-buffer' to run after reverting.
2529 Note that the hook value that it runs is the value that was in effect
2530 before reverting; that makes a difference if you have buffer-local
2533 If `revert-buffer-function' is used to override the normal revert
2534 mechanism, this hook is not used.")
2536 (defun revert-buffer (&optional ignore-auto noconfirm preserve-modes
)
2537 "Replace current buffer text with the text of the visited file on disk.
2538 This undoes all changes since the file was visited or saved.
2539 With a prefix argument, offer to revert from latest auto-save file, if
2540 that is more recent than the visited file.
2542 This command also works for special buffers that contain text which
2543 doesn't come from a file, but reflects some other data base instead:
2544 for example, Dired buffers and buffer-list buffers. In these cases,
2545 it reconstructs the buffer contents from the appropriate data base.
2547 When called from Lisp, the first argument is IGNORE-AUTO; only offer
2548 to revert from the auto-save file when this is nil. Note that the
2549 sense of this argument is the reverse of the prefix argument, for the
2550 sake of backward compatibility. IGNORE-AUTO is optional, defaulting
2553 Optional second argument NOCONFIRM means don't ask for confirmation at
2556 Optional third argument PRESERVE-MODES non-nil means don't alter
2557 the files modes. Normally we reinitialize them using `normal-mode'.
2559 If the value of `revert-buffer-function' is non-nil, it is called to
2560 do all the work for this command. Otherwise, the hooks
2561 `before-revert-hook' and `after-revert-hook' are run at the beginning
2562 and the end, and if `revert-buffer-insert-file-contents-function' is
2563 non-nil, it is called instead of rereading visited file contents."
2565 ;; I admit it's odd to reverse the sense of the prefix argument, but
2566 ;; there is a lot of code out there which assumes that the first
2567 ;; argument should be t to avoid consulting the auto-save file, and
2568 ;; there's no straightforward way to encourage authors to notice a
2569 ;; reversal of the argument sense. So I'm just changing the user
2570 ;; interface, but leaving the programmatic interface the same.
2571 (interactive (list (not current-prefix-arg
)))
2572 (if revert-buffer-function
2573 (funcall revert-buffer-function ignore-auto noconfirm
)
2574 (let* ((opoint (point))
2575 (auto-save-p (and (not ignore-auto
)
2576 (recent-auto-save-p)
2577 buffer-auto-save-file-name
2578 (file-readable-p buffer-auto-save-file-name
)
2580 "Buffer has been auto-saved recently. Revert from auto-save file? ")))
2581 (file-name (if auto-save-p
2582 buffer-auto-save-file-name
2584 (cond ((null file-name
)
2585 (error "Buffer does not seem to be associated with any file"))
2587 (and (not (buffer-modified-p))
2588 (let ((tail revert-without-query
)
2591 (if (string-match (car tail
) file-name
)
2593 (setq tail
(cdr tail
)))
2595 (yes-or-no-p (format "Revert buffer from file %s? "
2597 (run-hooks 'before-revert-hook
)
2598 ;; If file was backed up but has changed since,
2599 ;; we shd make another backup.
2600 (and (not auto-save-p
)
2601 (not (verify-visited-file-modtime (current-buffer)))
2602 (setq buffer-backed-up nil
))
2603 ;; Get rid of all undo records for this buffer.
2604 (or (eq buffer-undo-list t
)
2605 (setq buffer-undo-list nil
))
2606 ;; Effectively copy the after-revert-hook status,
2607 ;; since after-find-file will clobber it.
2608 (let ((global-hook (default-value 'after-revert-hook
))
2609 (local-hook-p (local-variable-p 'after-revert-hook
))
2610 (local-hook (and (local-variable-p 'after-revert-hook
)
2611 after-revert-hook
)))
2612 (let (buffer-read-only
2613 ;; Don't make undo records for the reversion.
2614 (buffer-undo-list t
))
2615 (if revert-buffer-insert-file-contents-function
2616 (funcall revert-buffer-insert-file-contents-function
2617 file-name auto-save-p
)
2618 (if (not (file-exists-p file-name
))
2619 (error "File %s no longer exists!" file-name
))
2620 ;; Bind buffer-file-name to nil
2621 ;; so that we don't try to lock the file.
2622 (let ((buffer-file-name nil
))
2626 (let ((coding-system-for-read
2627 ;; Auto-saved file shoule be read without
2628 ;; any code conversion.
2629 (if auto-save-p
'no-conversion
2630 coding-system-for-read
)))
2631 (insert-file-contents file-name
(not auto-save-p
)
2633 (goto-char (min opoint
(point-max)))
2634 ;; Recompute the truename in case changes in symlinks
2635 ;; have changed the truename.
2636 (setq buffer-file-truename
2637 (abbreviate-file-name (file-truename buffer-file-name
)))
2638 (after-find-file nil nil t t preserve-modes
)
2639 ;; Run after-revert-hook as it was before we reverted.
2640 (setq-default revert-buffer-internal-hook global-hook
)
2643 (make-local-variable 'revert-buffer-internal-hook
)
2644 (setq revert-buffer-internal-hook local-hook
))
2645 (kill-local-variable 'revert-buffer-internal-hook
))
2646 (run-hooks 'revert-buffer-internal-hook
))
2649 (defun recover-file (file)
2650 "Visit file FILE, but get contents from its last auto-save file."
2651 ;; Actually putting the file name in the minibuffer should be used
2653 ;; Not just because users often use the default.
2654 (interactive "FRecover file: ")
2655 (setq file
(expand-file-name file
))
2656 (if (auto-save-file-name-p (file-name-nondirectory file
))
2657 (error "%s is an auto-save file" file
))
2658 (let ((file-name (let ((buffer-file-name file
))
2659 (make-auto-save-file-name))))
2660 (cond ((if (file-exists-p file
)
2661 (not (file-newer-than-file-p file-name file
))
2662 (not (file-exists-p file-name
)))
2663 (error "Auto-save file %s not current" file-name
))
2664 ((save-window-excursion
2665 (if (not (memq system-type
'(vax-vms windows-nt
)))
2666 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Directory*"
2667 (buffer-disable-undo standard-output
)
2668 (call-process "ls" nil standard-output nil
2669 (if (file-symlink-p file
) "-lL" "-l")
2671 (yes-or-no-p (format "Recover auto save file %s? " file-name
)))
2672 (switch-to-buffer (find-file-noselect file t
))
2673 (let ((buffer-read-only nil
)
2674 ;; Auto-saved file shoule be read without any code conversion.
2675 (coding-system-for-read 'no-conversion
))
2677 (insert-file-contents file-name nil
))
2678 (after-find-file nil nil t
))
2679 (t (error "Recover-file cancelled")))))
2681 (defun recover-session ()
2682 "Recover auto save files from a previous Emacs session.
2683 This command first displays a Dired buffer showing you the
2684 previous sessions that you could recover from.
2685 To choose one, move point to the proper line and then type C-c C-c.
2686 Then you'll be asked about a number of files to recover."
2688 (if (null auto-save-list-file-prefix
)
2689 (error "You set `auto-save-list-file-prefix' to disable making session files"))
2690 (let ((ls-lisp-support-shell-wildcards t
))
2691 (dired (concat auto-save-list-file-prefix
"*")
2692 (concat dired-listing-switches
"t")))
2693 (goto-char (point-min))
2694 (or (looking-at "Move to the session you want to recover,")
2695 (let ((inhibit-read-only t
))
2696 (insert "Move to the session you want to recover,\n"
2697 "then type C-c C-c to select it.\n\n"
2698 "You can also delete some of these files;\n"
2699 "type d on a line to mark that file for deletion.\n\n")))
2700 (use-local-map (nconc (make-sparse-keymap) (current-local-map)))
2701 (define-key (current-local-map) "\C-c\C-c" 'recover-session-finish
))
2703 (defun recover-session-finish ()
2704 "Choose one saved session to recover auto-save files from.
2705 This command is used in the special Dired buffer created by
2706 \\[recover-session]."
2708 ;; Get the name of the session file to recover from.
2709 (let ((file (dired-get-filename))
2711 (buffer (get-buffer-create " *recover*")))
2713 (dired-do-flagged-delete t
)
2716 ;; Read in the auto-save-list file.
2719 (insert-file-contents file
)
2720 ;; Loop thru the text of that file
2721 ;; and get out the names of the files to recover.
2723 (let (thisfile autofile
)
2725 ;; This is a pair of lines for a non-file-visiting buffer.
2726 ;; Get the auto-save file name and manufacture
2727 ;; a "visited file name" from that.
2731 (buffer-substring-no-properties
2739 (file-name-nondirectory autofile
)
2741 (file-name-directory autofile
)))
2743 ;; This pair of lines is a file-visiting
2744 ;; buffer. Use the visited file name.
2747 (buffer-substring-no-properties
2748 (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point))))
2751 (buffer-substring-no-properties
2752 (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point))))
2754 ;; Ignore a file if its auto-save file does not exist now.
2755 (if (file-exists-p autofile
)
2756 (setq files
(cons thisfile files
)))))
2757 (setq files
(nreverse files
))
2758 ;; The file contains a pair of line for each auto-saved buffer.
2759 ;; The first line of the pair contains the visited file name
2760 ;; or is empty if the buffer was not visiting a file.
2761 ;; The second line is the auto-save file name.
2763 (map-y-or-n-p "Recover %s? "
2766 (save-excursion (recover-file file
))
2768 "Failed to recover `%s'" file
)))
2770 '("file" "files" "recover"))
2771 (message "No files can be recovered from this session now")))
2772 (kill-buffer buffer
))))
2774 (defun kill-some-buffers (&optional list
)
2775 "For each buffer in LIST, ask whether to kill it.
2776 LIST defaults to all existing live buffers."
2779 (setq list
(buffer-list)))
2781 (let* ((buffer (car list
))
2782 (name (buffer-name buffer
)))
2783 (and (not (string-equal name
""))
2784 (/= (aref name
0) ?
)
2786 (format "Buffer %s %s. Kill? "
2788 (if (buffer-modified-p buffer
)
2789 "HAS BEEN EDITED" "is unmodified")))
2790 (kill-buffer buffer
)))
2791 (setq list
(cdr list
))))
2793 (defun auto-save-mode (arg)
2794 "Toggle auto-saving of contents of current buffer.
2795 With prefix argument ARG, turn auto-saving on if positive, else off."
2797 (setq buffer-auto-save-file-name
2799 (or (not buffer-auto-save-file-name
)
2800 ;; If autosave is off because buffer has shrunk,
2801 ;; then toggling should turn it on.
2802 (< buffer-saved-size
0))
2803 (or (eq arg t
) (listp arg
) (and (integerp arg
) (> arg
0))))
2804 (if (and buffer-file-name auto-save-visited-file-name
2805 (not buffer-read-only
))
2807 (make-auto-save-file-name))))
2808 ;; If -1 was stored here, to temporarily turn off saving,
2810 (and (< buffer-saved-size
0)
2811 (setq buffer-saved-size
0))
2813 (message "Auto-save %s (in this buffer)"
2814 (if buffer-auto-save-file-name
"on" "off")))
2815 buffer-auto-save-file-name
)
2817 (defun rename-auto-save-file ()
2818 "Adjust current buffer's auto save file name for current conditions.
2819 Also rename any existing auto save file, if it was made in this session."
2820 (let ((osave buffer-auto-save-file-name
))
2821 (setq buffer-auto-save-file-name
2822 (make-auto-save-file-name))
2823 (if (and osave buffer-auto-save-file-name
2824 (not (string= buffer-auto-save-file-name buffer-file-name
))
2825 (not (string= buffer-auto-save-file-name osave
))
2826 (file-exists-p osave
)
2827 (recent-auto-save-p))
2828 (rename-file osave buffer-auto-save-file-name t
))))
2830 (defun make-auto-save-file-name ()
2831 "Return file name to use for auto-saves of current buffer.
2832 Does not consider `auto-save-visited-file-name' as that variable is checked
2833 before calling this function. You can redefine this for customization.
2834 See also `auto-save-file-name-p'."
2835 (if buffer-file-name
2836 (if (and (eq system-type
'ms-dos
)
2837 (not (msdos-long-file-names)))
2838 (let ((fn (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
)))
2839 (string-match "\\`\\([^.]+\\)\\(\\.\\(..?\\)?.?\\|\\)\\'" fn
)
2840 (concat (file-name-directory buffer-file-name
)
2841 "#" (match-string 1 fn
)
2842 "." (match-string 3 fn
) "#"))
2843 (concat (file-name-directory buffer-file-name
)
2845 (file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name
)
2848 ;; Deal with buffers that don't have any associated files. (Mail
2849 ;; mode tends to create a good number of these.)
2851 (let ((buffer-name (buffer-name))
2853 ;; Eliminate all slashes and backslashes by
2854 ;; replacing them with sequences that start with %.
2855 ;; Quote % also, to keep distinct names distinct.
2856 (while (string-match "[/\\%]" buffer-name limit
)
2857 (let* ((character (aref buffer-name
(match-beginning 0)))
2859 (cond ((eq character ?%
) "%%")
2860 ((eq character ?
/) "%+")
2861 ((eq character ?
\\) "%-"))))
2862 (setq buffer-name
(replace-match replacement t t buffer-name
))
2863 (setq limit
(1+ (match-end 0)))))
2864 ;; Generate the file name.
2866 (format "#%s#%s#" buffer-name
(make-temp-name ""))
2867 ;; Try a few alternative directories, to get one we can write it.
2869 ((file-writable-p default-directory
) default-directory
)
2870 ((file-writable-p "/var/tmp/") "/var/tmp/")
2873 (defun auto-save-file-name-p (filename)
2874 "Return non-nil if FILENAME can be yielded by `make-auto-save-file-name'.
2875 FILENAME should lack slashes. You can redefine this for customization."
2876 (string-match "^#.*#$" filename
))
2878 (defun wildcard-to-regexp (wildcard)
2879 "Given a shell file name pattern WILDCARD, return an equivalent regexp.
2880 The generated regexp will match a filename iff the filename
2881 matches that wildcard according to shell rules. Only wildcards known
2882 by `sh' are supported."
2883 (let* ((i (string-match "[[.*+\\^$?]" wildcard
))
2884 ;; Copy the initial run of non-special characters.
2885 (result (substring wildcard
0 i
))
2886 (len (length wildcard
)))
2887 ;; If no special characters, we're almost done.
2890 (let ((ch (aref wildcard i
))
2898 (eq (aref wildcard
(1+ i
)) ?\
]))
2900 ((eq ch ?\
[) ; [...] maps to regexp char class
2905 ((eq (aref wildcard i
) ?
!) ; [!...] -> [^...]
2908 (if (eq (aref wildcard i
) ?\
])
2913 ((eq (aref wildcard i
) ?^
)
2914 ;; Found "[^". Insert a `\0' character
2915 ;; (which cannot happen in a filename)
2916 ;; into the character class, so that `^'
2917 ;; is not the first character after `[',
2918 ;; and thus non-special in a regexp.
2922 ((eq (aref wildcard i
) ?\
])
2923 ;; I don't think `]' can appear in a
2924 ;; character class in a wildcard, but
2925 ;; let's be general here.
2930 (prog1 ; copy everything upto next `]'.
2933 (setq j
(string-match
2935 (setq i
(if j
(1- j
) (1- len
)))))))
2937 ((eq ch ?
*) "[^\000]*")
2941 ((eq ch ?
\\) "\\\\") ; probably cannot happen...
2942 ((eq ch ??
) "[^\000]")
2943 (t (char-to-string ch
)))))
2945 ;; Shell wildcards should match the entire filename,
2946 ;; not its part. Make the regexp say so.
2947 (concat "\\`" result
"\\'")))
2949 (defcustom list-directory-brief-switches
2950 (if (eq system-type
'vax-vms
) "" "-CF")
2951 "*Switches for list-directory to pass to `ls' for brief listing,"
2955 (defcustom list-directory-verbose-switches
2956 (if (eq system-type
'vax-vms
)
2957 "/PROTECTION/SIZE/DATE/OWNER/WIDTH=(OWNER:10)"
2959 "*Switches for list-directory to pass to `ls' for verbose listing,"
2963 (defun list-directory (dirname &optional verbose
)
2964 "Display a list of files in or matching DIRNAME, a la `ls'.
2965 DIRNAME is globbed by the shell if necessary.
2966 Prefix arg (second arg if noninteractive) means supply -l switch to `ls'.
2967 Actions controlled by variables `list-directory-brief-switches'
2968 and `list-directory-verbose-switches'."
2969 (interactive (let ((pfx current-prefix-arg
))
2970 (list (read-file-name (if pfx
"List directory (verbose): "
2971 "List directory (brief): ")
2972 nil default-directory nil
)
2974 (let ((switches (if verbose list-directory-verbose-switches
2975 list-directory-brief-switches
)))
2976 (or dirname
(setq dirname default-directory
))
2977 (setq dirname
(expand-file-name dirname
))
2978 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Directory*"
2979 (buffer-disable-undo standard-output
)
2980 (princ "Directory ")
2984 (set-buffer "*Directory*")
2985 (setq default-directory
2986 (if (file-directory-p dirname
)
2987 (file-name-as-directory dirname
)
2988 (file-name-directory dirname
)))
2989 (let ((wildcard (not (file-directory-p dirname
))))
2990 (insert-directory dirname switches wildcard
(not wildcard
)))))))
2992 (defvar insert-directory-program
"ls"
2993 "Absolute or relative name of the `ls' program used by `insert-directory'.")
2996 ;; - must insert _exactly_one_line_ describing FILE if WILDCARD and
2997 ;; FULL-DIRECTORY-P is nil.
2998 ;; The single line of output must display FILE's name as it was
2999 ;; given, namely, an absolute path name.
3000 ;; - must insert exactly one line for each file if WILDCARD or
3001 ;; FULL-DIRECTORY-P is t, plus one optional "total" line
3002 ;; before the file lines, plus optional text after the file lines.
3003 ;; Lines are delimited by "\n", so filenames containing "\n" are not
3005 ;; File lines should display the basename.
3006 ;; - must be consistent with
3007 ;; - functions dired-move-to-filename, (these two define what a file line is)
3008 ;; dired-move-to-end-of-filename,
3009 ;; dired-between-files, (shortcut for (not (dired-move-to-filename)))
3010 ;; dired-insert-headerline
3011 ;; dired-after-subdir-garbage (defines what a "total" line is)
3012 ;; - variable dired-subdir-regexp
3013 (defun insert-directory (file switches
&optional wildcard full-directory-p
)
3014 "Insert directory listing for FILE, formatted according to SWITCHES.
3015 Leaves point after the inserted text.
3016 SWITCHES may be a string of options, or a list of strings.
3017 Optional third arg WILDCARD means treat FILE as shell wildcard.
3018 Optional fourth arg FULL-DIRECTORY-P means file is a directory and
3019 switches do not contain `d', so that a full listing is expected.
3021 This works by running a directory listing program
3022 whose name is in the variable `insert-directory-program'.
3023 If WILDCARD, it also runs the shell specified by `shell-file-name'."
3024 ;; We need the directory in order to find the right handler.
3025 (let ((handler (find-file-name-handler (expand-file-name file
)
3026 'insert-directory
)))
3028 (funcall handler
'insert-directory file switches
3029 wildcard full-directory-p
)
3030 (if (eq system-type
'vax-vms
)
3031 (vms-read-directory file switches
(current-buffer))
3032 (let* ((coding-system-for-read
3033 (and enable-multibyte-characters
3034 (or file-name-coding-system
3035 default-file-name-coding-system
)))
3036 ;; This is to control encoding the arguments in call-process.
3037 (coding-system-for-write coding-system-for-read
)
3040 ;; Run ls in the directory of the file pattern we asked for.
3041 (let ((default-directory
3042 (if (file-name-absolute-p file
)
3043 (file-name-directory file
)
3044 (file-name-directory (expand-file-name file
))))
3045 (pattern (file-name-nondirectory file
))
3047 ;; Quote some characters that have special meanings in shells;
3048 ;; but don't quote the wildcards--we want them to be special.
3049 ;; We also currently don't quote the quoting characters
3050 ;; in case people want to use them explicitly to quote
3051 ;; wildcard characters.
3052 (while (string-match "[ \t\n;<>&|()#$]" pattern beg
)
3054 (concat (substring pattern
0 (match-beginning 0))
3056 (substring pattern
(match-beginning 0)))
3057 beg
(1+ (match-end 0))))
3058 (call-process shell-file-name nil t nil
3059 "-c" (concat "\\";; Disregard shell aliases!
3060 insert-directory-program
3062 (if (stringp switches
)
3064 (mapconcat 'identity switches
" "))
3067 ;; SunOS 4.1.3, SVr4 and others need the "." to list the
3068 ;; directory if FILE is a symbolic link.
3069 (apply 'call-process
3070 insert-directory-program nil t nil
3072 (if (listp switches
)
3073 (setq list switches
)
3074 (if (not (equal switches
""))
3076 ;; Split the switches at any spaces
3077 ;; so we can pass separate options as separate args.
3078 (while (string-match " " switches
)
3079 (setq list
(cons (substring switches
0 (match-beginning 0))
3081 switches
(substring switches
(match-end 0))))
3082 (setq list
(nreverse (cons switches list
))))))
3084 ;; Avoid lossage if FILE starts with `-'.
3087 (if (string-match "\\`~" file
)
3088 (setq file
(expand-file-name file
)))
3090 (if full-directory-p
3091 (concat (file-name-as-directory file
) ".")
3094 ;; We get here if ls failed.
3095 ;; Access the file to get a suitable error.
3096 (access-file file
"Reading directory")))))))
3098 (defvar kill-emacs-query-functions nil
3099 "Functions to call with no arguments to query about killing Emacs.
3100 If any of these functions returns nil, killing Emacs is cancelled.
3101 `save-buffers-kill-emacs' (\\[save-buffers-kill-emacs]) calls these functions,
3102 but `kill-emacs', the low level primitive, does not.
3103 See also `kill-emacs-hook'.")
3105 (defun save-buffers-kill-emacs (&optional arg
)
3106 "Offer to save each buffer, then kill this Emacs process.
3107 With prefix arg, silently save all file-visiting buffers, then kill."
3109 (save-some-buffers arg t
)
3110 (and (or (not (memq t
(mapcar (function
3111 (lambda (buf) (and (buffer-file-name buf
)
3112 (buffer-modified-p buf
))))
3114 (yes-or-no-p "Modified buffers exist; exit anyway? "))
3115 (or (not (fboundp 'process-list
))
3116 ;; process-list is not defined on VMS.
3117 (let ((processes (process-list))
3120 (and (memq (process-status (car processes
)) '(run stop open
))
3121 (let ((val (process-kill-without-query (car processes
))))
3122 (process-kill-without-query (car processes
) val
)
3125 (setq processes
(cdr processes
)))
3127 (yes-or-no-p "Active processes exist; kill them and exit anyway? "))))
3128 ;; Query the user for other things, perhaps.
3129 (run-hook-with-args-until-failure 'kill-emacs-query-functions
)
3132 ;; We use /: as a prefix to "quote" a file name
3133 ;; so that magic file name handlers will not apply to it.
3135 (setq file-name-handler-alist
3136 (cons '("\\`/:" . file-name-non-special
)
3137 file-name-handler-alist
))
3139 ;; We depend on being the last handler on the list,
3140 ;; so that anything else which does need handling
3141 ;; has been handled already.
3142 ;; So it is safe for us to inhibit *all* magic file name handlers.
3144 (defun file-name-non-special (operation &rest arguments
)
3145 (let ((file-name-handler-alist nil
)
3147 (if (eq operation
'insert-directory
)
3148 (directory-file-name
3150 (unhandled-file-name-directory default-directory
)))
3152 ;; Get a list of the indices of the args which are file names.
3154 (cdr (or (assq operation
3155 ;; The first four are special because they
3156 ;; return a file name. We want to include the /:
3157 ;; in the return value.
3158 ;; So just avoid stripping it in the first place.
3159 '((expand-file-name . nil
)
3160 ;; `identity' means just return the first arg
3161 ;; as stripped of its quoting.
3162 (substitute-in-file-name . identity
)
3163 (file-name-directory . nil
)
3164 (file-name-as-directory . nil
)
3165 (directory-file-name . nil
)
3166 (file-name-completion 0 1)
3167 (file-name-all-completions 0 1)
3170 (make-symbolic-link 0 1)
3171 (add-name-to-file 0 1)))
3172 ;; For all other operations, treat the first argument only
3173 ;; as the file name.
3175 ;; Copy ARGUMENTS so we can replace elements in it.
3176 (arguments (copy-sequence arguments
)))
3177 ;; Strip off the /: from the file names that have this handler.
3179 (while (consp file-arg-indices
)
3180 (let ((pair (nthcdr (car file-arg-indices
) arguments
)))
3182 (string-match "\\`/:" (car pair
))
3184 (if (= (length (car pair
)) 2)
3186 (substring (car pair
) 2)))))
3187 (setq file-arg-indices
(cdr file-arg-indices
))))
3188 (if (eq file-arg-indices
'identity
)
3190 (apply operation arguments
))))
3192 (define-key ctl-x-map
"\C-f" 'find-file
)
3193 (define-key ctl-x-map
"\C-r" 'find-file-read-only
)
3194 (define-key ctl-x-map
"\C-v" 'find-alternate-file
)
3195 (define-key ctl-x-map
"\C-s" 'save-buffer
)
3196 (define-key ctl-x-map
"s" 'save-some-buffers
)
3197 (define-key ctl-x-map
"\C-w" 'write-file
)
3198 (define-key ctl-x-map
"i" 'insert-file
)
3199 (define-key esc-map
"~" 'not-modified
)
3200 (define-key ctl-x-map
"\C-d" 'list-directory
)
3201 (define-key ctl-x-map
"\C-c" 'save-buffers-kill-emacs
)
3203 (define-key ctl-x-4-map
"f" 'find-file-other-window
)
3204 (define-key ctl-x-4-map
"r" 'find-file-read-only-other-window
)
3205 (define-key ctl-x-4-map
"\C-f" 'find-file-other-window
)
3206 (define-key ctl-x-4-map
"b" 'switch-to-buffer-other-window
)
3207 (define-key ctl-x-4-map
"\C-o" 'display-buffer
)
3209 (define-key ctl-x-5-map
"b" 'switch-to-buffer-other-frame
)
3210 (define-key ctl-x-5-map
"f" 'find-file-other-frame
)
3211 (define-key ctl-x-5-map
"\C-f" 'find-file-other-frame
)
3212 (define-key ctl-x-5-map
"r" 'find-file-read-only-other-frame
)
3214 ;;; files.el ends here
HCoop / bpt / emacs.git / blob