man/anti.texi

   1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
   2 @c Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
   4
   5 @node Antinews, Mac OS, X Resources, Top
   6 @appendix Emacs 21 Antinews
   7
   8   For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about
   9 downgrading to Emacs version 21.4.  We hope you will enjoy the greater
  10 simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs @value{EMACSVER}
  11 features.
  12
  13 @itemize @bullet
  14
  15 @item
  16 The buffer position and line number are now displayed at the end of
  17 the mode line, where they can be more easily seen.
  18
  19 @item
  20 The mode line of the selected window is no longer displayed with a
  21 special face.  All mode lines are created equal.  Meanwhile, you can
  22 use the variable @code{mode-line-inverse-video} to control whether
  23 mode lines are highlighted at all---@code{nil} means don't highlight
  24 them.
  25
  26 @item
  27 Clicking on a link with the left mouse button (@kbd{mouse-1}) will
  28 always set point at the position clicked, instead of following the
  29 link.  If you want to follow the link, use the middle mouse button
  30 (@kbd{mouse-2}).
  31
  32 @item
  33 Emacs is tired of X droppings.  If you drop a file or a piece of text
  34 onto an Emacs window, nothing will happen.
  35
  36 @item
  37 On an xterm, Emacs provides a more convincing simulation of a text
  38 terminal by not responding to mouse-clicks on the mode-line,
  39 header-line, or display margin.
  40
  41 @item
  42 For simplicity, windows always have fringes.  We wouldn't want to
  43 in-fringe anyone's windows.  Likewise, horizontal scrolling always
  44 works in the same automatic way.
  45
  46 @item
  47 The horizontal-bar cursor shape has been removed.
  48
  49 @item
  50 If command line arguments are given, Emacs will not display a splash
  51 screen, so that you can immediately get on with your editing.  The
  52 command-line option @samp{--no-splash} is therefore obsolete, and has
  53 been removed.
  54
  55 @item
  56 The command line options @samp{--color}, @samp{--fullwidth},
  57 @samp{--fullheight}, @samp{--fullscreen}, @samp{--no-blinking-cursor},
  58 @samp{--no-desktop}, and @samp{-Q} have also been removed.
  59
  60 @item
  61 The @samp{--geometry} option applies only to the initial frame, and
  62 the @samp{-f} option will not read arguments for interactive
  63 functions.
  64
  65 @item
  66 Emacs now looks for @file{.emacs} and @file{.emacs_SHELL} in one
  67 standard location---your home directory.  Don't put these files in
  68 @file{~/.emacs.d}; they won't be found.
  69
  70 @item
  71 Emacs will not read @file{~/.abbrev_defs} automatically.  If you want
  72 to load abbrev definitions from a file, you must always do so
  73 explicitly.
  74
  75 @item
  76 When you are logged in as root, all files now give you writable
  77 buffers, reflecting the fact that you can write any files.
  78
  79 @item
  80 The maximum size of buffers and integer variables has been halved.  On
  81 32-bit machines, the maximum buffer size is now 128 megabytes.
  82
  83 @item
  84 An unquoted @samp{$} in a file name is now an error, if the following
  85 name is not recognized as an environment variable.  Thus,
  86 the file name @file{foo$bar} would probably be an error.  Meanwhile,
  87 the @code{setenv} command does not expand @samp{$} at all.
  88
  89 @item
  90 Emacs will not query you if a command accumulates too much undo
  91 information.  If Emacs runs out of memory as a result, it will handle
  92 this by crashing.
  93
  94 @item
  95 Many commands have been removed from the menus or rearranged.
  96
  97 @item
  98 The @kbd{C-h} (help) subcommands have been rearranged---especially
  99 those that display specific files.  Type @kbd{C-h C-h} to see a list
 100 of these commands; that will show you what is different.
 101
 102 @item
 103 The @kbd{C-h v} and @kbd{C-h f} commands no longer show a hyperlink to
 104 the C source code, even if it is available.  If you want to find the
 105 source code, grep for it.
 106
 107 @item
 108 The apropos commands will not accept a list of words to match, in
 109 order to encourage users to be more specific.  Also, the user option
 110 @code{apropos-sort-by-scores} has been removed.
 111
 112 @item
 113 The minibuffer prompt is now displayed using the default face.
 114 The colon is enough to show you what part is the prompt.
 115
 116 @item
 117 Minibuffer completion commands always complete the entire minibuffer
 118 contents, just as if you had typed them at the end of the minibuffer,
 119 no matter where point is actually located.
 120
 121 @item
 122 The command @code{backward-kill-sexp} is now bound to @kbd{C-M-delete}
 123 and @kbd{C-M-backspace}.  Be careful when using these key sequences!
 124 It may shut down your X server, or reboot your operating system.
 125
 126 @item
 127 Commands to set the mark at a place away from point, including
 128 @kbd{M-@@}, @kbd{M-h}, etc., don't do anything special when you repeat
 129 them.  In most cases, typing these commands multiple times is
 130 equivalent to typing them once.  @kbd{M-h} ignores numeric arguments.
 131
 132 @item
 133 If you want to repeat a jump to a previous mark, you should supply the
 134 prefix argument explicitly.  So, instead of typing @kbd{C-u C-SPC
 135 C-SPC C-SPC}, type @kbd{C-u C-SPC C-u C-SPC C-u C-SPC}.
 136
 137 @item
 138 @kbd{C-@key{SPC} C-@key{SPC}} has no special meaning--it just sets the
 139 mark twice.  Neither does @kbd{C-u C-x C-x}, which simply exchanges
 140 point and mark like @kbd{C-x C-x}.
 141
 142 @item
 143 The function @code{sentence-end} has been eliminated in favor of a
 144 more straightforward approach: directly setting the variable
 145 @code{sentence-end}.  For example, to end each sentence with a single
 146 space, use
 147
 148 @lisp
 149 (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
 150 @end lisp
 151
 152 @item
 153 The variable @code{fill-nobreak-predicate} is no longer customizable,
 154 and it can only hold a single function.
 155
 156 @item
 157 Nobreak spaces and hyphens are displayed just like normal characters,
 158 and the user option @code{nobreak-char-display} has been removed.
 159
 160 @item
 161 @kbd{C-w} in an incremental search always grabs an entire word
 162 into the search string.  More precisely, it grabs text through
 163 the next end of a word.
 164
 165 @item
 166 Yanking now preserves all text properties that were in the killed
 167 text.  The variable @code{yank-excluded-properties} has been removed.
 168
 169 @item
 170 Occur mode, Info mode, and Comint-derived modes now control
 171 fontification in their own way, and @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode} has
 172 nothing to do with it.  To control fontification in Info mode, use the
 173 variable @code{Info-fontify}.
 174
 175 @item
 176 The Grep package has been merged with Compilation mode.  Many
 177 grep-specific commands and user options have thus been eliminated.
 178 Also, @kbd{M-x grep} never tries the GNU grep @samp{-H} option,
 179 and instead silently appends @file{/dev/null} to the command line.
 180
 181 @item
 182 In Dired's @kbd{!} command, @samp{*} and @samp{?} now
 183 cause substitution of the file names wherever they appear---not
 184 only when they are surrounded by whitespace.
 185
 186 @item
 187 When a file is managed with version control, the command @kbd{C-x C-q}
 188 (whose general meaning is to make a buffer read-only or writable) now
 189 does so by checking the file in or out.  Checking the file out makes
 190 the buffer writable; checking it in makes the buffer read-only.
 191
 192 You can still use @kbd{C-x v v} to do these operations if you wish;
 193 its meaning is unchanged.  If you want to control the buffer's
 194 read-only flag without performing any version control operation,
 195 use @kbd{M-x toggle-read-only}.
 196
 197 @item
 198 SGML mode does not handle XML syntax, and does not have indentation
 199 support.
 200
 201 @item
 202 Many Info mode commands have been removed.  Incremental search in Info
 203 searches only the current node.
 204
 205 @item
 206 Many @code{etags} features for customizing parsing using regexps
 207 have been removed.
 208
 209 @item
 210 The Emacs server now runs a small C program called @file{emacsserver},
 211 rather than trying to handle everything in Emacs Lisp.  Now there can
 212 only be one Emacs server running at a time.  The @code{server-mode}
 213 command and @code{server-name} user option have been eliminated.
 214
 215 @item
 216 The @file{emacsclient} program no longer accepts the @samp{--eval} and
 217 @samp{--display} command line options.
 218
 219 @item
 220 The command @code{quail-show-key}, for showing how to input a
 221 character, has been removed.
 222
 223 @item
 224 The default value of @code{keyboard-coding-system} is always
 225 @code{nil}, regardless of your locale settings.  If you want some
 226 other value, set it yourself.
 227
 228 @item
 229 Unicode support and unification between Latin-@var{n} character sets
 230 have been removed.  Cutting and pasting X selections does not support
 231 ``extended segments'', so there are certain coding systems it cannot
 232 handle.
 233
 234 @item
 235 The input methods for Emacs are included in a separate distribution
 236 called ``Leim''.  To use this, you must extract the Leim tar file on
 237 top of the Emacs distribution, into the same directory, before you
 238 build Emacs.
 239
 240 @item
 241 The following input methods have been eliminated: belarusian,
 242 bulgarian-bds, bulgarian-phonetic, chinese-sisheng, croatian, dutch,
 243 georgian, latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix,
 244 latvian-keyboard, lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard,
 245 malayalam-inscript, rfc1345, russian-computer, sgml, slovenian,
 246 tamil-inscript ucs, ukrainian-computer, vietnamese-telex, and welsh.
 247
 248 @item
 249 The following language environments have been eliminated: Belarusian,
 250 Bulgarian, Chinese-EUC-TW, Croatian, French, Georgian, Italian,
 251 Latin-6, Latin-7, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Russian, Russian,
 252 Slovenian, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, UTF-8, Ukrainian, Ukrainian, Welsh,
 253 and Windows-1255.
 254
 255 @item
 256 The @code{code-pages} library, which contained various 8-bit coding
 257 systems, has been removed.
 258
 259 @item
 260 The Kmacro package has been replaced with a simple and elegant
 261 keyboard macro system.  Use @kbd{C-x (} to start a new keyboard macro,
 262 @kbd{C-x )} to end the macro, and @kbd{C-x e} to execute the last
 263 macro.
 264
 265 @item
 266 The Calc, CUA, GDB-UI, Ibuffer, Ido, Password, Printing, Reveal,
 267 Ruler-mode, SES, Table, Tramp, and URL packages have been removed.
 268 The Benchmark, Cfengine, Conf, Dns, Flymake, Python, Thumbs, and
 269 Wdired modes have also been removed.
 270
 271 @item
 272 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual and the Introduction to Programming in
 273 Emacs Lisp are now distributed separately, not in the Emacs
 274 distribution.
 275
 276 @item
 277 On MS Windows, there is no longer any support for tooltips, images,
 278 sound, different mouse pointer shapes, or pointing devices with more
 279 than 3 buttons.  If you want these features, consider switching to
 280 another operating system.  But even if you don't want these features,
 281 you should still switch---for freedom's sake.
 282
 283 @item
 284 Emacs will not use Unicode for clipboard operations on MS Windows.
 285
 286 @item
 287 To keep up with decreasing computer memory capacity and disk space, many
 288 other functions and files have been eliminated in Emacs 21.4.
 289 @end itemize
 290
 291 @ignore
 292    arch-tag: 32932bd9-46f5-41b2-8a0e-fb0cc4caeb29
 293 @end ignore