man/anti.texi

   1 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
   2 @c Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   3 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
   4
   5 @node Antinews, Mac OS, X Resources, Top
   6 @appendix Emacs 21 Antinews
   7
   8   For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about
   9 downgrading to Emacs version 21.4.  We hope you will enjoy the greater
  10 simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs @value{EMACSVER}
  11 features.
  12
  13 @itemize @bullet
  14
  15 @item
  16 The buffer position and line number are now displayed at the end of
  17 the mode line, where they can be more easily seen.
  18
  19 @item
  20 The mode line of the selected window is no longer displayed with a
  21 special face.  All mode lines are created equal.  Meanwhile, you can
  22 use the variable @code{mode-line-inverse-video} to control whether
  23 mode lines are highlighted at all---@code{nil} means don't highlight
  24 them.
  25
  26 @item
  27 Clicking on a link with the left mouse button (@kbd{mouse-1}) will
  28 always set point at the position clicked, instead of following the
  29 link.  If you want to follow the link, use the middle mouse button
  30 (@kbd{mouse-2}).
  31
  32 @item
  33 Emacs is tired of X droppings.  If you drop a file or a piece of text
  34 onto an Emacs window, nothing will happen.
  35
  36 @item
  37 On an xterm, even if you enable Xterm Mouse mode, Emacs provides a
  38 more convincing simulation of a text terminal by not responding to
  39 mouse clicks on the mode line, header line, or display margin.
  40
  41 @item
  42 For simplicity, windows always have fringes.  We wouldn't want to
  43 in-fringe anyone's windows.  Likewise, horizontal scrolling always
  44 works in the same automatic way.
  45
  46 @item
  47 The horizontal-bar cursor shape has been removed.
  48
  49 @item
  50 If command line arguments are given, Emacs will not display a splash
  51 screen, so that you can immediately get on with your editing.  The
  52 command-line option @samp{--no-splash} is therefore obsolete, and has
  53 been removed.
  54
  55 @item
  56 The command line options @samp{--color}, @samp{--fullwidth},
  57 @samp{--fullheight}, @samp{--fullscreen}, @samp{--no-blinking-cursor},
  58 @samp{--no-desktop}, and @samp{-Q} have also been removed.
  59
  60 @item
  61 The @samp{--geometry} option applies only to the initial frame, and
  62 the @samp{-f} option will not read arguments for interactive
  63 functions.
  64
  65 @item
  66 We have standardized on one location for the user init file: the file
  67 named @file{.emacs} in your home directory.  Emacs will not look for
  68 the init file in @file{~/.emacs.d/init.el}.  Similarly, don't try
  69 putting @file{.emacs_SHELL} as @file{init_SHELL.sh} in
  70 @file{~/.emacs.d}; Emacs won't find it.
  71
  72 @item
  73 Emacs will not read @file{~/.abbrev_defs} automatically.  If you want
  74 to load abbrev definitions from a file, you must always do so
  75 explicitly.
  76
  77 @item
  78 When you are logged in as root, all files now give you writable
  79 buffers, reflecting the fact that you can write any files.
  80
  81 @item
  82 The maximum size of buffers and integer variables has been halved.  On
  83 32-bit machines, the maximum buffer size is now 128 megabytes.
  84
  85 @item
  86 An unquoted @samp{$} in a file name is now an error, if the following
  87 name is not recognized as an environment variable.  Thus,
  88 the file name @file{foo$bar} would probably be an error.  Meanwhile,
  89 the @code{setenv} command does not expand @samp{$} at all.
  90
  91 @item
  92 If a single command accumulates too much undo information, Emacs never
  93 discards it.  If Emacs runs out of memory as a result, it will handle
  94 this by crashing.
  95
  96 @item
  97 Many commands have been removed from the menus or rearranged.
  98
  99 @item
 100 The @kbd{C-h} (help) subcommands have been rearranged---especially
 101 those that display specific files.  Type @kbd{C-h C-h} to see a list
 102 of these commands; that will show you what is different.
 103
 104 @item
 105 The @kbd{C-h v} and @kbd{C-h f} commands no longer show a hyperlink to
 106 the C source code, even if it is available.  If you want to find the
 107 source code, grep for it.
 108
 109 @item
 110 The apropos commands will not accept a list of words to match, in
 111 order to encourage you to be more specific.  Also, the user option
 112 @code{apropos-sort-by-scores} has been removed.
 113
 114 @item
 115 The minibuffer prompt is now displayed using the default face.
 116 The colon is enough to show you what part is the prompt.
 117
 118 @item
 119 Minibuffer completion commands always complete the entire minibuffer
 120 contents, just as if you had typed them at the end of the minibuffer,
 121 no matter where point is actually located.
 122
 123 @item
 124 The command @code{backward-kill-sexp} is now bound to @kbd{C-M-delete}
 125 and @kbd{C-M-backspace}.  Be careful when using these key sequences!
 126 It may shut down your X server, or reboot your operating system.
 127
 128 @item
 129 Commands to set the mark at a place away from point, including
 130 @kbd{M-@@}, @kbd{M-h}, etc., don't do anything special when you repeat
 131 them.  In most cases, typing these commands multiple times is
 132 equivalent to typing them once.  @kbd{M-h} ignores numeric arguments.
 133
 134 @item
 135 The user option @code{set-mark-command-repeat-pop} has been removed.
 136
 137 @item
 138 @kbd{C-@key{SPC} C-@key{SPC}} has no special meaning--it just sets the
 139 mark twice.  Neither does @kbd{C-u C-x C-x}, which simply exchanges
 140 point and mark like @kbd{C-x C-x}.
 141
 142 @item
 143 The function @code{sentence-end} has been eliminated in favor of a
 144 more straightforward approach: directly setting the variable
 145 @code{sentence-end}.  For example, to end each sentence with a single
 146 space, use
 147
 148 @lisp
 149 (setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
 150 @end lisp
 151
 152 @item
 153 The variable @code{fill-nobreak-predicate} is no longer customizable,
 154 and it can only hold a single function.
 155
 156 @item
 157 Nobreak spaces and hyphens are displayed just like normal characters,
 158 and the user option @code{nobreak-char-display} has been removed.
 159
 160 @item
 161 @kbd{C-w} in an incremental search always grabs an entire word
 162 into the search string.  More precisely, it grabs text through
 163 the next end of a word.
 164
 165 @item
 166 Yanking now preserves all text properties that were in the killed
 167 text.  The variable @code{yank-excluded-properties} has been removed.
 168
 169 @item
 170 Occur mode, Info mode, and Comint-derived modes now control
 171 fontification in their own way, and @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode} has
 172 nothing to do with it.  To control fontification in Info mode, use the
 173 variable @code{Info-fontify}.
 174
 175 @item
 176 @samp{M-x shell} is now completely standard in regard to scrolling
 177 behavior.  It no longer has the option of scrolling the input line to
 178 the bottom of the window the way a text terminal running a shell does.
 179
 180 @item
 181 The Grep package has been merged with Compilation mode.  Many
 182 grep-specific commands and user options have thus been eliminated.
 183 Also, @kbd{M-x grep} never tries the GNU grep @samp{-H} option,
 184 and instead silently appends @file{/dev/null} to the command line.
 185
 186 @item
 187 In Dired's @kbd{!} command, @samp{*} and @samp{?} now
 188 cause substitution of the file names wherever they appear---not
 189 only when they are surrounded by whitespace.
 190
 191 @item
 192 When a file is managed with version control, the command @kbd{C-x C-q}
 193 (whose general meaning is to make a buffer read-only or writable) now
 194 does so by checking the file in or out.  Checking the file out makes
 195 the buffer writable; checking it in makes the buffer read-only.
 196
 197 You can still use @kbd{C-x v v} to do these operations if you wish;
 198 its meaning is unchanged.  If you want to control the buffer's
 199 read-only flag without performing any version control operation,
 200 use @kbd{M-x toggle-read-only}.
 201
 202 @item
 203 SGML mode does not handle XML syntax, and does not have indentation
 204 support.
 205
 206 @item
 207 Many Info mode commands have been removed.  Incremental search in Info
 208 searches only the current node.
 209
 210 @item
 211 Many @code{etags} features for customizing parsing using regexps
 212 have been removed.
 213
 214 @item
 215 The Emacs server now runs a small C program called @file{emacsserver},
 216 rather than trying to handle everything in Emacs Lisp.  Now there can
 217 only be one Emacs server running at a time.  The @code{server-mode}
 218 command and @code{server-name} user option have been eliminated.
 219
 220 @item
 221 The @file{emacsclient} program no longer accepts the @samp{--eval},
 222 @samp{--display} and @samp{--server-file} command line options, and
 223 can only establish local connections using Unix domain sockets.
 224
 225 @item
 226 The command @code{quail-show-key}, for showing how to input a
 227 character, has been removed.
 228
 229 @item
 230 The default value of @code{keyboard-coding-system} is always
 231 @code{nil}, regardless of your locale settings.  If you want some
 232 other value, set it yourself.
 233
 234 @item
 235 Unicode support and unification between Latin-@var{n} character sets
 236 have been removed.  Cutting and pasting X selections does not support
 237 ``extended segments'', so there are certain coding systems it cannot
 238 handle.
 239
 240 @item
 241 The input methods for Emacs are included in a separate distribution
 242 called ``Leim.''  To use this, you must extract the Leim tar file on
 243 top of the Emacs distribution, into the same directory, before you
 244 build Emacs.
 245
 246 @item
 247 The following input methods have been eliminated: belarusian,
 248 bulgarian-bds, bulgarian-phonetic, chinese-sisheng, croatian, dutch,
 249 georgian, latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix,
 250 latvian-keyboard, lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard,
 251 malayalam-inscript, rfc1345, russian-computer, sgml, slovenian,
 252 tamil-inscript ucs, ukrainian-computer, vietnamese-telex, and welsh.
 253
 254 @item
 255 The following language environments have been eliminated: Belarusian,
 256 Bulgarian, Chinese-EUC-TW, Croatian, French, Georgian, Italian,
 257 Latin-6, Latin-7, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Russian, Russian,
 258 Slovenian, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, UTF-8, Ukrainian, Ukrainian, Welsh,
 259 and Windows-1255.
 260
 261 @item
 262 The @code{code-pages} library, which contained various 8-bit coding
 263 systems, has been removed.
 264
 265 @item
 266 The Kmacro package has been replaced with a simple and elegant
 267 keyboard macro system.  Use @kbd{C-x (} to start a new keyboard macro,
 268 @kbd{C-x )} to end the macro, and @kbd{C-x e} to execute the last
 269 macro.  Use @kbd{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} to name the most recently
 270 defined macro.
 271
 272 @item
 273 Emacs no longer displays your breakpoints in the source buffer, so you
 274 have to remember where you left them.  It can be difficult to inspect
 275 the state of your debugged program from the command line, so Emacs
 276 tries to demonstrate this in the GUD buffer.
 277
 278 @item
 279 The Calc, CUA, Ibuffer, Ido, Password, Printing, Reveal,
 280 Ruler-mode, SES, Table, Tramp, and URL packages have been removed.
 281 The Benchmark, Cfengine, Conf, Dns, Flymake, Python, Thumbs, and
 282 Wdired modes have also been removed.
 283
 284 @item
 285 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual and the Introduction to Programming in
 286 Emacs Lisp are now distributed separately, not in the Emacs
 287 distribution.
 288
 289 @item
 290 On MS Windows, there is no longer any support for tooltips, images,
 291 sound, different mouse pointer shapes, or pointing devices with more
 292 than 3 buttons.  If you want these features, consider switching to
 293 another operating system.  But even if you don't want these features,
 294 you should still switch---for freedom's sake.
 295
 296 @item
 297 Emacs will not use Unicode for clipboard operations on MS Windows.
 298
 299 @item
 300 To keep up with decreasing computer memory capacity and disk space, many
 301 other functions and files have been eliminated in Emacs 21.4.
 302 @end itemize
 303
 304 @ignore
 305    arch-tag: 32932bd9-46f5-41b2-8a0e-fb0cc4caeb29
 306 @end ignore