1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2009-07-30 22:55+0900\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
33 msgid "Debian GNU/Linux"
44 msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool"
67 "APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day "
68 "package management there are several frontends available, such as "
69 "B<aptitude>(8) for the command line or B<synaptic>(8) for the X Window "
70 "System. Some options are only implemented in B<apt-get>(8) though."
99 "B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), "
100 "B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)"
111 msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error."
122 msgid "This manpage isn't even started."
128 "See E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. If you wish to report a bug in "
129 "B<apt>, please see I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> or the "
130 "B<reportbug>(1) command."
141 msgid "apt was written by the APT team E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>."
146 msgid "<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- -->"
152 "<!-- Some common paths.. --> <!ENTITY docdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt/\"> "
153 "<!ENTITY guidesdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt-doc/\"> <!ENTITY configureindex "
154 "\"<filename>&docdir;examples/configure-index.gz</filename>\"> <!ENTITY "
155 "aptconfdir \"<filename>/etc/apt.conf</filename>\"> <!ENTITY statedir "
156 "\"/var/lib/apt\"> <!ENTITY cachedir \"/var/cache/apt\">"
163 "<!-- Cross references to other man pages -->\n"
164 "<!ENTITY apt-conf \"<citerefentry>\n"
165 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt.conf</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
166 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
167 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
175 "<!ENTITY apt-get \"<citerefentry>\n"
176 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-get</command></refentrytitle>\n"
177 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
178 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
186 "<!ENTITY apt-config \"<citerefentry>\n"
187 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-config</command></refentrytitle>\n"
188 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
189 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
197 "<!ENTITY apt-cdrom \"<citerefentry>\n"
198 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cdrom</command></refentrytitle>\n"
199 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
200 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
208 "<!ENTITY apt-cache \"<citerefentry>\n"
209 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-cache</command></refentrytitle>\n"
210 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
211 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
219 "<!ENTITY apt-preferences \"<citerefentry>\n"
220 " <refentrytitle><command>apt_preferences</command></refentrytitle>\n"
221 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
222 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
230 "<!ENTITY apt-key \"<citerefentry>\n"
231 " <refentrytitle><command>apt-key</command></refentrytitle>\n"
232 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
233 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
241 "<!ENTITY apt-secure \"<citerefentry>\n"
242 " <refentrytitle>apt-secure</refentrytitle>\n"
243 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
244 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
252 "<!ENTITY apt-ftparchive \"<citerefentry>\n"
253 " <refentrytitle><filename>apt-ftparchive</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
254 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
255 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
263 "<!ENTITY sources-list \"<citerefentry>\n"
264 " <refentrytitle><filename>sources.list</filename></refentrytitle>\n"
265 " <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>\n"
266 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
274 "<!ENTITY reportbug \"<citerefentry>\n"
275 " <refentrytitle><command>reportbug</command></refentrytitle>\n"
276 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
277 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
285 "<!ENTITY dpkg \"<citerefentry>\n"
286 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
287 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
288 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
296 "<!ENTITY dpkg-buildpackage \"<citerefentry>\n"
297 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-buildpackage</command></refentrytitle>\n"
298 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
299 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
307 "<!ENTITY gzip \"<citerefentry>\n"
308 " <refentrytitle><command>gzip</command></refentrytitle>\n"
309 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
310 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
318 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scanpackages \"<citerefentry>\n"
319 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scanpackages</command></refentrytitle>\n"
320 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
321 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
329 "<!ENTITY dpkg-scansources \"<citerefentry>\n"
330 " <refentrytitle><command>dpkg-scansources</command></refentrytitle>\n"
331 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
332 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
340 "<!ENTITY dselect \"<citerefentry>\n"
341 " <refentrytitle><command>dselect</command></refentrytitle>\n"
342 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
343 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
351 "<!ENTITY aptitude \"<citerefentry>\n"
352 " <refentrytitle><command>aptitude</command></refentrytitle>\n"
353 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
354 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
362 "<!ENTITY synaptic \"<citerefentry>\n"
363 " <refentrytitle><command>synaptic</command></refentrytitle>\n"
364 " <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>\n"
365 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
373 "<!ENTITY debsign \"<citerefentry>\n"
374 " <refentrytitle><command>debsign</command></refentrytitle>\n"
375 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
376 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
384 "<!ENTITY debsig-verify \"<citerefentry>\n"
385 " <refentrytitle><command>debsig-verify</command></refentrytitle>\n"
386 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
387 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
395 "<!ENTITY gpg \"<citerefentry>\n"
396 " <refentrytitle><command>gpg</command></refentrytitle>\n"
397 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
398 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
406 "<!ENTITY gnome-apt \"<citerefentry>\n"
407 " <refentrytitle><command>gnome-apt</command></refentrytitle>\n"
408 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
409 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
417 "<!ENTITY wajig \"<citerefentry>\n"
418 " <refentrytitle><command>wajig</command></refentrytitle>\n"
419 " <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>\n"
420 " </citerefentry>\"\n"
428 "<!-- Boiler plate docinfo section -->\n"
429 "<!ENTITY apt-docinfo \"\n"
431 " <address><email>apt@packages.debian.org</email></address>\n"
432 " <author><firstname>Jason</firstname> "
433 "<surname>Gunthorpe</surname></author>\n"
434 " <copyright><year>1998-2001</year> <holder>Jason "
435 "Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>\n"
436 " <date>28 October 2008</date>\n"
437 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
449 #: apt.ent:174 apt.ent:204
452 "<!ENTITY apt-email \"\n"
454 " <email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>\n"
460 #: apt.ent:181 apt.ent:211
463 "<!ENTITY apt-author.jgunthorpe \"\n"
465 " <firstname>Jason</firstname>\n"
466 " <surname>Gunthorpe</surname>\n"
475 "<!ENTITY apt-author.moconnor \"\n"
477 " <firstname>Mike</firstname>\n"
478 " <surname>O'Connor</surname>\n"
484 #: apt.ent:194 apt.ent:217
487 "<!ENTITY apt-author.team \"\n"
489 " <othername>APT team</othername>\n"
495 #: apt.ent:198 apt.ent:228
498 "<!ENTITY apt-product \"\n"
499 " <productname>Linux</productname>\n"
507 "<!ENTITY apt-copyright \"\n"
509 " <holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder>\n"
510 " <year>1998-2001</year>\n"
519 "<!ENTITY apt-qapage \"\n"
521 "\t\t<ulink url='http://packages.qa.debian.org/a/apt.html'>QA Page</ulink>\n"
530 "<!-- Boiler plate Bug reporting section -->\n"
531 "<!ENTITY manbugs \"\n"
532 " <refsect1><title>Bugs</title>\n"
533 " <para><ulink url='http://bugs.debian.org/src:apt'>APT bug "
535 " If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see\n"
536 " <filename>/usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt</filename> or the\n"
537 " &reportbug; command.\n"
547 "<!-- Boiler plate Author section -->\n"
548 "<!ENTITY manauthor \"\n"
549 " <refsect1><title>Author</title>\n"
550 " <para>APT was written by the APT team "
551 "<email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>.\n"
561 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
562 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
563 "<!ENTITY apt-commonoptions \"\n"
564 " <varlistentry><term><option>-h</option></term>\n"
565 " <term><option>--help</option></term>\n"
566 " <listitem><para>Show a short usage summary.\n"
577 " <term><option>-v</option></term>\n"
578 " <term><option>--version</option></term>\n"
579 " <listitem><para>Show the program version.\n"
590 " <term><option>-c</option></term>\n"
591 " <term><option>--config-file</option></term>\n"
592 " <listitem><para>Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to "
594 " The program will read the default configuration file and then this \n"
595 " configuration file. See &apt-conf; for syntax information. \n"
606 " <term><option>-o</option></term>\n"
607 " <term><option>--option</option></term>\n"
608 " <listitem><para>Set a Configuration Option; This will set an "
610 " configuration option. The syntax is <option>-o "
611 "Foo::Bar=bar</option>.\n"
612 " <option>-o</option> and <option>--option</option> can be used "
614 " times to set different options.\n"
625 "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n"
626 " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n"
627 "<!ENTITY apt-cmdblurb \"\n"
628 " <para>All command line options may be set using the configuration file, "
630 " descriptions indicate the configuration option to set. For boolean\n"
631 " options you can override the config file by using something like \n"
632 " <option>-f-</option>,<option>--no-f</option>, <option>-f=no</option>\n"
633 " or several other variations.\n"
638 #. The last update date
639 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
640 #: apt-cache.8.xml:13 apt-config.8.xml:13 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:13 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:13 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:13 sources.list.5.xml:13
642 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>29 "
643 "February 2004</date>"
646 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
647 #: apt-cache.8.xml:22 apt-cache.8.xml:28
651 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
652 #: apt-cache.8.xml:23 apt-cdrom.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:23 apt-get.8.xml:23 apt-key.8.xml:15 apt-mark.8.xml:23 apt-secure.8.xml:15
656 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
657 #: apt-cache.8.xml:29
658 msgid "APT package handling utility -- cache manipulator"
661 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
662 #: apt-cache.8.xml:35
664 "<command>apt-cache</command> <arg><option>-hvsn</option></arg> "
665 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
666 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
667 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>add <arg choice=\"plain\" "
668 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
669 "<arg>gencaches</arg> <arg>showpkg <arg choice=\"plain\" "
670 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>showsrc <arg "
671 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
672 "<arg>stats</arg> <arg>dump</arg> <arg>dumpavail</arg> <arg>unmet</arg> "
674 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>regex</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>show <arg "
675 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
676 "<arg>depends <arg choice=\"plain\" "
677 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>rdepends <arg "
678 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
679 "<arg>pkgnames <arg "
680 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>prefix</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>dotty "
681 "<arg choice=\"plain\" "
682 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>xvcg <arg "
683 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> "
684 "<arg>policy <arg choice=\"plain\" "
685 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>madison <arg "
686 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkgs</replaceable></arg></arg> "
690 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
691 #: apt-cache.8.xml:61 apt-cdrom.8.xml:46 apt-config.8.xml:46 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:42 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:54 apt-get.8.xml:114 apt-key.8.xml:33 apt-mark.8.xml:43 apt-secure.8.xml:39 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:43 apt.conf.5.xml:38 apt_preferences.5.xml:32 sources.list.5.xml:32
695 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
696 #: apt-cache.8.xml:62
698 "<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's "
699 "package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of "
700 "the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting "
701 "output from the package metadata."
704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
705 #: apt-cache.8.xml:67 apt-get.8.xml:120
707 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, "
708 "one of the commands below must be present."
711 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
712 #: apt-cache.8.xml:71
713 msgid "add <replaceable>file(s)</replaceable>"
716 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
717 #: apt-cache.8.xml:72
719 "<literal>add</literal> adds the named package index files to the package "
720 "cache. This is for debugging only."
723 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
724 #: apt-cache.8.xml:76
728 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
729 #: apt-cache.8.xml:77
731 "<literal>gencaches</literal> performs the same operation as <command>apt-get "
732 "check</command>. It builds the source and package caches from the sources in "
733 "&sources-list; and from <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
736 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
737 #: apt-cache.8.xml:83
738 msgid "showpkg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
741 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
742 #: apt-cache.8.xml:84
744 "<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on "
745 "the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available "
746 "versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well "
747 "as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are "
748 "those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse "
749 "dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in "
750 "question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but "
751 "reverse dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg "
752 "libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:"
755 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
756 #: apt-cache.8.xml:96
759 "Package: libreadline2\n"
760 "Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n"
761 "Reverse Depends: \n"
762 " libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n"
763 " libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n"
765 "2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n"
768 "Reverse Provides: \n"
771 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
772 #: apt-cache.8.xml:108
774 "Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and "
775 "ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, "
776 "libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If "
777 "libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be "
778 "installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be "
779 "installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is "
780 "best to consult the apt source code."
783 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
784 #: apt-cache.8.xml:117
788 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
789 #: apt-cache.8.xml:117
791 "<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No "
792 "further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:"
795 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
796 #: apt-cache.8.xml:120
798 "<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found "
802 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
803 #: apt-cache.8.xml:124
805 "<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary "
806 "package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence "
807 "between their names and the names used by other packages for them in "
808 "dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category."
811 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
812 #: apt-cache.8.xml:130
814 "<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
815 "exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the "
816 "virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, "
817 "\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system is a pure virtual "
818 "package; several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no "
819 "package named \"mail-transport-agent\"."
822 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
823 #: apt-cache.8.xml:138
825 "<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with "
826 "only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the "
827 "Debian GNU/Linux system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only "
828 "one package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"."
831 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
832 #: apt-cache.8.xml:144
834 "<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that "
835 "either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name "
836 "as the package name. For instance, in the Debian GNU/Linux system, "
837 "\"debconf\" is both an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny "
841 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
842 #: apt-cache.8.xml:151
844 "<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were "
845 "referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing "
846 "packages may be in evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a "
847 "package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually "
848 "they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements."
851 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
852 #: apt-cache.8.xml:158
854 "<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions "
855 "found in the cache; this value is therefore at least equal to the number of "
856 "total package names. If more than one distribution (both \"stable\" and "
857 "\"unstable\", for instance), is being accessed, this value can be "
858 "considerably larger than the number of total package names."
861 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
862 #: apt-cache.8.xml:165
864 "<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency "
865 "relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache."
868 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
869 #: apt-cache.8.xml:172
870 msgid "showsrc <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
873 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
874 #: apt-cache.8.xml:173
876 "<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that "
877 "match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all "
878 "records that declare the name to be a Binary."
881 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
882 #: apt-cache.8.xml:178 apt-config.8.xml:83
886 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
887 #: apt-cache.8.xml:179
889 "<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the "
890 "cache. It is primarily for debugging."
893 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
894 #: apt-cache.8.xml:183
898 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
899 #: apt-cache.8.xml:184
901 "<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is "
902 "suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method."
905 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
906 #: apt-cache.8.xml:188
910 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
911 #: apt-cache.8.xml:189
913 "<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the "
917 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
918 #: apt-cache.8.xml:193
919 msgid "show <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
922 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
923 #: apt-cache.8.xml:194
925 "<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg "
926 "--print-avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named "
930 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
931 #: apt-cache.8.xml:199
932 msgid "search <replaceable>regex [ regex ... ]</replaceable>"
935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
936 #: apt-cache.8.xml:200
938 "<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available "
939 "package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see "
940 "<citerefentry><refentrytitle><command>regex</command></refentrytitle> "
941 "<manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. It searches the package names and "
942 "the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular expression and prints out "
943 "the package name and the short description, including virtual package "
944 "names. If <option>--full</option> is given then output identical to "
945 "<literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched package, and if "
946 "<option>--names-only</option> is given then the long description is not "
947 "searched, only the package name is."
950 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
951 #: apt-cache.8.xml:213
953 "Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are "
957 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
958 #: apt-cache.8.xml:217
959 msgid "depends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
962 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
963 #: apt-cache.8.xml:218
965 "<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has "
966 "and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency."
969 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
970 #: apt-cache.8.xml:222
971 msgid "rdepends <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
974 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
975 #: apt-cache.8.xml:223
977 "<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a "
981 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
982 #: apt-cache.8.xml:227
983 msgid "pkgnames <replaceable>[ prefix ]</replaceable>"
986 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
987 #: apt-cache.8.xml:228
989 "This command prints the name of each package in the system. The optional "
990 "argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable "
991 "for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated "
992 "extremely quickly. This command is best used with the "
993 "<option>--generate</option> option."
996 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
997 #: apt-cache.8.xml:235
998 msgid "dotty <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1002 #: apt-cache.8.xml:236
1004 "<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and "
1005 "generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink "
1006 "url=\"http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> "
1007 "package. The result will be a set of nodes and edges representing the "
1008 "relationships between the packages. By default the given packages will trace "
1009 "out all dependent packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit "
1010 "the output to only the packages listed on the command line, set the "
1011 "<literal>APT::Cache::GivenOnly</literal> option."
1014 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1015 #: apt-cache.8.xml:245
1017 "The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, "
1018 "pure provides are triangles, mixed provides are diamonds, missing packages "
1019 "are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped [leaf packages], blue "
1020 "lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts."
1023 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1024 #: apt-cache.8.xml:250
1025 msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages."
1028 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1029 #: apt-cache.8.xml:253
1030 msgid "xvcg <replaceable>pkg(s)</replaceable>"
1033 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1034 #: apt-cache.8.xml:254
1036 "The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink "
1037 "url=\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG "
1041 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1042 #: apt-cache.8.xml:258
1043 msgid "policy <replaceable>[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1046 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1047 #: apt-cache.8.xml:259
1049 "<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the "
1050 "preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each "
1051 "source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority "
1052 "selection of the named package."
1055 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1056 #: apt-cache.8.xml:265
1057 msgid "madison <replaceable>/[ pkg(s) ]</replaceable>"
1060 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1061 #: apt-cache.8.xml:266
1063 "<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts "
1064 "to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian "
1065 "archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available "
1066 "versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original "
1067 "<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the "
1068 "architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists "
1069 "(<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>)."
1072 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1073 #: apt-cache.8.xml:277 apt-config.8.xml:92 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:55 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:491 apt-get.8.xml:299 apt-mark.8.xml:73 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:53 apt.conf.5.xml:373 apt.conf.5.xml:395
1077 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1078 #: apt-cache.8.xml:281
1079 msgid "<option>-p</option>"
1082 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1083 #: apt-cache.8.xml:281
1084 msgid "<option>--pkg-cache</option>"
1087 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1088 #: apt-cache.8.xml:282
1090 "Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary "
1091 "cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: "
1092 "<literal>Dir::Cache::pkgcache</literal>."
1095 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1096 #: apt-cache.8.xml:287 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:534 apt-get.8.xml:356 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:57
1097 msgid "<option>-s</option>"
1100 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1101 #: apt-cache.8.xml:287
1102 msgid "<option>--src-cache</option>"
1105 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1106 #: apt-cache.8.xml:288
1108 "Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by "
1109 "<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package "
1110 "information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source "
1111 "cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration "
1112 "Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>."
1115 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1116 #: apt-cache.8.xml:295 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:508 apt-get.8.xml:346
1117 msgid "<option>-q</option>"
1120 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1121 #: apt-cache.8.xml:295 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:508 apt-get.8.xml:346
1122 msgid "<option>--quiet</option>"
1125 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1126 #: apt-cache.8.xml:296
1128 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
1129 "More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
1130 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the "
1131 "configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
1134 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1135 #: apt-cache.8.xml:302
1136 msgid "<option>-i</option>"
1139 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1140 #: apt-cache.8.xml:302
1141 msgid "<option>--important</option>"
1144 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1145 #: apt-cache.8.xml:303
1147 "Print only important dependencies; for use with unmet and depends. Causes "
1148 "only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to be printed. Configuration Item: "
1149 "<literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>."
1152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1153 #: apt-cache.8.xml:308 apt-cdrom.8.xml:120 apt-get.8.xml:313
1154 msgid "<option>-f</option>"
1157 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1158 #: apt-cache.8.xml:308
1159 msgid "<option>--full</option>"
1162 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1163 #: apt-cache.8.xml:309
1165 "Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: "
1166 "<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>."
1169 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1170 #: apt-cache.8.xml:313 apt-cdrom.8.xml:130
1171 msgid "<option>-a</option>"
1174 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1175 #: apt-cache.8.xml:313
1176 msgid "<option>--all-versions</option>"
1179 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1180 #: apt-cache.8.xml:314
1182 "Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn "
1183 "it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If "
1184 "<option>--no-all-versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version "
1185 "will displayed (the one which would be selected for installation). This "
1186 "option is only applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. "
1187 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>."
1190 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1191 #: apt-cache.8.xml:322
1192 msgid "<option>-g</option>"
1195 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1196 #: apt-cache.8.xml:322
1197 msgid "<option>--generate</option>"
1200 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1201 #: apt-cache.8.xml:323
1203 "Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as "
1204 "it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use "
1205 "<option>--no-generate</option>. Configuration Item: "
1206 "<literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>."
1209 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1210 #: apt-cache.8.xml:328
1211 msgid "<option>--names-only</option>"
1214 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1215 #: apt-cache.8.xml:328 apt-cdrom.8.xml:138
1216 msgid "<option>-n</option>"
1219 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1220 #: apt-cache.8.xml:329
1222 "Only search on the package names, not the long descriptions. Configuration "
1223 "Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>."
1226 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1227 #: apt-cache.8.xml:333
1228 msgid "<option>--all-names</option>"
1231 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1232 #: apt-cache.8.xml:334
1234 "Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages "
1235 "and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: "
1236 "<literal>APT::Cache::AllNames</literal>."
1239 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1240 #: apt-cache.8.xml:339
1241 msgid "<option>--recurse</option>"
1244 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1245 #: apt-cache.8.xml:340
1247 "Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so "
1248 "that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: "
1249 "<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>."
1252 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1253 #: apt-cache.8.xml:345
1254 msgid "<option>--installed</option>"
1257 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1258 #: apt-cache.8.xml:347
1260 "Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and "
1261 "<literal>rdepends</literal> to packages which are currently installed. "
1262 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>."
1265 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist>
1266 #: apt-cache.8.xml:352 apt-cdrom.8.xml:149 apt-config.8.xml:97 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:66 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:546 apt-get.8.xml:534 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:63
1267 msgid "&apt-commonoptions;"
1270 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1271 #: apt-cache.8.xml:357 apt-get.8.xml:539 apt-key.8.xml:137 apt.conf.5.xml:824
1275 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1276 #: apt-cache.8.xml:359 apt-get.8.xml:541
1277 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>"
1280 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1281 #: apt-cache.8.xml:360 apt-get.8.xml:542
1283 "Locations to fetch packages from. Configuration Item: "
1284 "<literal>Dir::Etc::SourceList</literal>."
1287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1288 #: apt-cache.8.xml:364 apt-get.8.xml:575
1289 msgid "<filename>&statedir;/lists/</filename>"
1292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1293 #: apt-cache.8.xml:365 apt-get.8.xml:576
1295 "Storage area for state information for each package resource specified in "
1296 "&sources-list; Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal>."
1299 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1300 #: apt-cache.8.xml:370 apt-get.8.xml:581
1301 msgid "<filename>&statedir;/lists/partial/</filename>"
1304 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1305 #: apt-cache.8.xml:371 apt-get.8.xml:582
1307 "Storage area for state information in transit. Configuration Item: "
1308 "<literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> (implicit partial)."
1311 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1312 #: apt-cache.8.xml:377 apt-cdrom.8.xml:154 apt-config.8.xml:102 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:73 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:562 apt-get.8.xml:588 apt-key.8.xml:161 apt-mark.8.xml:104 apt-secure.8.xml:180 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:68 apt.conf.5.xml:828 apt_preferences.5.xml:613 sources.list.5.xml:220
1316 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1317 #: apt-cache.8.xml:378
1318 msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;"
1321 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1322 #: apt-cache.8.xml:382 apt-cdrom.8.xml:159 apt-config.8.xml:107 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:77 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:566 apt-get.8.xml:594 apt-mark.8.xml:108 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:72
1326 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1327 #: apt-cache.8.xml:383
1329 "<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1333 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
1334 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:13
1336 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>14 "
1337 "February 2004</date>"
1340 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1341 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:21 apt-cdrom.8.xml:27
1345 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1346 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:28
1347 msgid "APT CDROM management utility"
1350 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1351 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:34
1353 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> <arg><option>-hvrmfan</option></arg> "
1354 "<arg><option>-d=<replaceable>cdrom mount point</replaceable></option></arg> "
1355 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1356 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group> "
1357 "<arg>add</arg> <arg>ident</arg> </group>"
1360 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1361 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:47
1363 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CDROM to APTs list of "
1364 "available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining "
1365 "the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible "
1366 "mis-burns and verifying the index files."
1369 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1370 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:54
1372 "It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT "
1373 "system, it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disk in a multi-cd set "
1374 "must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns."
1377 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1378 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:64
1382 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1383 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:65
1385 "<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will "
1386 "unmount the CDROM device, prompt for a disk to be inserted and then procceed "
1387 "to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper "
1388 "<filename>disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive "
1392 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1393 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:73
1395 "APT uses a CDROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and "
1396 "maintains a database of these IDs in "
1397 "<filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</filename>"
1400 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1401 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:80
1405 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1406 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:81
1408 "A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the "
1412 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1413 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:60
1415 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1416 "one of the commands below must be present. <placeholder "
1417 "type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
1420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1421 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:90
1425 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1426 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:94 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:502 apt-get.8.xml:308
1427 msgid "<option>-d</option>"
1430 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1431 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:94
1432 msgid "<option>--cdrom</option>"
1435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1436 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:95
1438 "Mount point; specify the location to mount the cdrom. This mount point must "
1439 "be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. "
1440 "Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>."
1443 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1444 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:103
1445 msgid "<option>-r</option>"
1448 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1449 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:103
1450 msgid "<option>--rename</option>"
1453 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1454 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:104
1456 "Rename a disc; change the label of a disk or override the disks given "
1457 "label. This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a "
1458 "new label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>."
1461 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1462 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:112 apt-get.8.xml:327
1463 msgid "<option>-m</option>"
1466 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1467 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:112
1468 msgid "<option>--no-mount</option>"
1471 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1472 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:113
1474 "No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and "
1475 "unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: "
1476 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoMount</literal>."
1479 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1480 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:120
1481 msgid "<option>--fast</option>"
1484 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1485 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:121
1487 "Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every "
1488 "package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has "
1489 "been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration "
1490 "Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>."
1493 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1494 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:130
1495 msgid "<option>--thorough</option>"
1498 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1499 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:131
1501 "Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian "
1502 "1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much "
1503 "longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up."
1506 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1507 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:139 apt-get.8.xml:358
1508 msgid "<option>--just-print</option>"
1511 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1512 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:140 apt-get.8.xml:360
1513 msgid "<option>--recon</option>"
1516 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1517 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:141 apt-get.8.xml:361
1518 msgid "<option>--no-act</option>"
1521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1522 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:142
1524 "No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index "
1525 "files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: "
1526 "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>."
1529 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1530 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:155
1531 msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;"
1534 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1535 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:160
1537 "<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1541 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1542 #: apt-config.8.xml:22 apt-config.8.xml:28
1546 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1547 #: apt-config.8.xml:29
1548 msgid "APT Configuration Query program"
1551 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1552 #: apt-config.8.xml:35
1554 "<command>apt-config</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1555 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1556 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1557 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>shell</arg> <arg>dump</arg> </group>"
1560 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1561 #: apt-config.8.xml:47
1563 "<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various "
1564 "portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses "
1565 "the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a "
1566 "manner that is easy to use by scripted applications."
1569 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1570 #: apt-config.8.xml:52 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:70
1572 "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given "
1573 "one of the commands below must be present."
1576 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1577 #: apt-config.8.xml:57
1581 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1582 #: apt-config.8.xml:59
1584 "shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell "
1585 "script. It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and "
1586 "the second the configuration value to query. As output it lists a series of "
1587 "shell assignments commands for each present value. In a shell script it "
1588 "should be used like:"
1591 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting>
1592 #: apt-config.8.xml:67
1596 "RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n"
1600 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1601 #: apt-config.8.xml:72
1603 "This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of "
1604 "MyApp::options with a default of <option>-f</option>."
1607 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1608 #: apt-config.8.xml:76
1610 "The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file "
1611 "names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an "
1612 "integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally."
1615 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1616 #: apt-config.8.xml:85
1617 msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space."
1620 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1621 #: apt-config.8.xml:103 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:74 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:563 apt-mark.8.xml:105 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:69
1625 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1626 #: apt-config.8.xml:108
1628 "<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 "
1632 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1633 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:22 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:28
1634 msgid "apt-extracttemplates"
1637 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
1638 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:23 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:23 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:23
1642 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1643 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:29
1644 msgid "Utility to extract DebConf config and templates from Debian packages"
1647 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1648 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:35
1650 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
1651 "<arg><option>-t=<replaceable>temporary "
1652 "directory</replaceable></option></arg> <arg choice=\"plain\" "
1653 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
1656 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1657 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:43
1659 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package "
1660 "files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated "
1661 "config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains "
1662 "config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the "
1666 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1667 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:48
1668 msgid "package version template-file config-script"
1671 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1672 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:49
1674 "template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory "
1675 "specified by the -t or --tempdir "
1676 "(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with "
1677 "filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXX</filename> and "
1678 "<filename>package.config.XXXX</filename>"
1681 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1682 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:59 apt-get.8.xml:468
1683 msgid "<option>-t</option>"
1686 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1687 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:59
1688 msgid "<option>--tempdir</option>"
1691 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1692 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:61
1694 "Temporary directory in which to write extracted debconf template files and "
1695 "config scripts Configuration Item: "
1696 "<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>"
1699 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1700 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:78
1702 "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, "
1703 "decimal 100 on error."
1706 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
1707 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:22 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:28
1708 msgid "apt-ftparchive"
1711 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
1712 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:29
1713 msgid "Utility to generate index files"
1716 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
1717 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:35
1719 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> <arg><option>-hvdsq</option></arg> "
1720 "<arg><option>--md5</option></arg> <arg><option>--delink</option></arg> "
1721 "<arg><option>--readonly</option></arg> "
1722 "<arg><option>--contents</option></arg> <arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config "
1723 "string</replaceable></option></arg> "
1724 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
1725 "choice=\"req\"> <arg>packages<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1726 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1727 "<arg>sources<arg choice=\"plain\" "
1728 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg><arg><replaceable>override</replaceable><arg><replaceable>pathprefix</replaceable></arg></arg></arg> "
1729 "<arg>contents <arg "
1730 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>release "
1731 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>path</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1732 "<arg>generate <arg "
1733 "choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg> <arg "
1735 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>section</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg>clean "
1736 "<arg choice=\"plain\"><replaceable>config-file</replaceable></arg></arg> "
1740 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1741 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:55
1743 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates "
1744 "the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index "
1745 "files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that "
1749 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1750 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:59
1752 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; "
1753 "program, incorporating its entire functionality via the "
1754 "<literal>packages</literal> command. It also contains a contents file "
1755 "generator, <literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' "
1756 "the generation process for a complete archive."
1759 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1760 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:65
1762 "Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary "
1763 "databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any "
1764 "external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it "
1765 "automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed "
1769 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1770 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:74
1774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1775 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:76
1777 "The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It "
1778 "takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, "
1779 "emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately "
1780 "equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;."
1783 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1784 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:81 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:105
1785 msgid "The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB."
1788 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1789 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:84
1793 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1794 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:86
1796 "The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a "
1797 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it "
1798 "for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is "
1799 "approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;."
1802 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1803 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:91
1805 "If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked "
1806 "for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to "
1807 "change the source override file that will be used."
1810 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1811 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:96
1815 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1816 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:98
1818 "The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a "
1819 "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it for "
1820 ".deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and writes "
1821 "to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not written "
1822 "to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each package is "
1823 "separated by a comma in the output."
1826 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1827 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:108
1831 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1832 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:110
1834 "The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a "
1835 "directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for Packages, "
1836 "Packages.gz, Packages.bz2, Sources, Sources.gz, Sources.bz2, Release and "
1837 "md5sum.txt files. It then writes to stdout a Release file containing an MD5 "
1838 "digest and SHA1 digest for each file."
1841 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1842 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:117
1844 "Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from "
1845 "the corresponding variables under "
1846 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</literal>, "
1847 "e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The supported "
1848 "fields are: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, "
1849 "<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, "
1850 "<literal>Codename</literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, "
1851 "<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, "
1852 "<literal>Description</literal>."
1855 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1856 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:127
1860 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1861 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:129
1863 "The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a "
1864 "cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The "
1865 "config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files "
1866 "are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of "
1867 "maintaining the required settings."
1870 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1871 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:136 apt-get.8.xml:272
1875 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1876 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:138
1878 "The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given "
1879 "configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary."
1882 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
1883 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:144
1884 msgid "The Generate Configuration"
1887 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1888 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:146
1890 "The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to "
1891 "describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical "
1892 "ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. "
1893 "&apt-conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate "
1894 "configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a "
1895 "tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled."
1898 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
1899 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:154
1900 msgid "The generate configuration has 4 separate sections, each described below."
1903 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
1904 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:156
1908 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
1909 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:158
1911 "The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed "
1912 "to locate the files required during the generation process. These "
1913 "directories are prepended to certain relative paths defined in later "
1914 "sections to produce a complete an absolute path."
1917 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1918 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:163
1922 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1923 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:165
1925 "Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration "
1926 "this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist "
1930 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1931 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:170
1935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1936 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:172
1937 msgid "Specifies the location of the override files."
1940 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1941 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:175
1945 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1946 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:177
1947 msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files"
1950 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1951 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:180
1955 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1956 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:182
1958 "Specifies the location of the file list files, if the "
1959 "<literal>FileList</literal> setting is used below."
1962 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
1963 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:188
1964 msgid "Default Section"
1967 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
1968 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:190
1970 "The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and "
1971 "settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may "
1972 "override these defaults with a per-section setting."
1975 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1976 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:194
1977 msgid "Packages::Compress"
1980 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1981 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:196
1983 "Sets the default compression schemes to use for the Package index files. It "
1984 "is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of: '.' (no "
1985 "compression), 'gzip' and 'bzip2'. The default for all compression schemes is "
1989 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1990 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:202
1991 msgid "Packages::Extensions"
1994 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1995 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:204
1997 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This "
1998 "defaults to '.deb'."
2001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2002 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:208
2003 msgid "Sources::Compress"
2006 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2007 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:210
2009 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2010 "controls the compression for the Sources files."
2013 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2014 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:214
2015 msgid "Sources::Extensions"
2018 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2019 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:216
2021 "Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This "
2022 "defaults to '.dsc'."
2025 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2026 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:220
2027 msgid "Contents::Compress"
2030 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2031 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:222
2033 "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it "
2034 "controls the compression for the Contents files."
2037 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2038 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:226
2042 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2043 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:228
2045 "Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) "
2046 "per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section "
2047 "<literal>External-Links</literal> setting."
2050 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2051 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:233
2055 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2056 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:235
2058 "Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All "
2059 "index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask."
2062 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2063 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:242
2064 msgid "TreeDefault Section"
2067 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2068 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:244
2070 "Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these "
2071 "variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), "
2072 "$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values."
2075 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2076 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:249
2077 msgid "MaxContentsChange"
2080 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2081 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:251
2083 "Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each "
2084 "day. The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they "
2085 "will all be rebuilt."
2088 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2089 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:256
2093 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2094 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:258
2096 "Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without "
2097 "changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is "
2098 "updated. This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way "
2099 "that does not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A "
2100 "hold off is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a "
2101 "new file anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days."
2104 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2105 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:267
2109 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2110 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:269
2112 "Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to "
2113 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>"
2116 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2117 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:273
2118 msgid "SrcDirectory"
2121 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2122 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:275
2124 "Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to "
2125 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>"
2128 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2129 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:279 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:405
2133 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2134 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:281
2136 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2137 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>"
2140 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2141 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:285 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:410
2145 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2146 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:287
2148 "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to "
2149 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/Sources</filename>"
2152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2153 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:291
2154 msgid "InternalPrefix"
2157 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2158 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:293
2160 "Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link "
2161 "instead of an external link. Defaults to "
2162 "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</filename>"
2165 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2166 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:298 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:416
2170 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2171 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:300
2173 "Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to "
2174 "<filename>$(DIST)/Contents-$(ARCH)</filename>. If this setting causes "
2175 "multiple Packages files to map onto a single Contents file (such as the "
2176 "default) then <command>apt-ftparchive</command> will integrate those "
2177 "package files together automatically."
2180 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2181 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:307
2182 msgid "Contents::Header"
2185 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2186 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:309
2187 msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output."
2190 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2191 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:312 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:441
2195 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2196 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:314
2198 "Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections "
2199 "can share the same database."
2202 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2203 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:318
2207 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2208 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:320
2210 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2211 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2212 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory."
2215 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2216 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:325
2217 msgid "SourceFileList"
2220 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2221 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:327
2223 "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, "
2224 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the "
2225 "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. "
2226 "This is used when processing source indexes."
2229 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2230 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:335
2231 msgid "Tree Section"
2234 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2235 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:337
2237 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree "
2238 "which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base "
2239 "directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact "
2240 "pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution "
2244 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2245 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:342
2247 "The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the "
2248 "<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the "
2249 "path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a "
2250 "setting such as <filename>dists/woody</filename>."
2253 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2254 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:347
2256 "All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section "
2257 "can be use in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new "
2261 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2262 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:350
2264 "When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section "
2265 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> performs an operation similar to:"
2268 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><informalexample><programlisting>
2269 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:353
2272 "for i in Sections do \n"
2273 " for j in Architectures do\n"
2274 " Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n"
2277 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2278 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:359
2282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2283 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:361
2285 "This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the "
2286 "distribution, typically this is something like <literal>main contrib "
2287 "non-free</literal>"
2290 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2291 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:366
2292 msgid "Architectures"
2295 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2296 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:368
2298 "This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under "
2299 "search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that "
2300 "this tree has a source archive."
2303 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2304 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:373 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:421
2308 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2309 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:375
2311 "Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority "
2312 "and maintainer address information."
2315 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2316 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:379 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:426
2320 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2321 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:381
2323 "Sets the source override file. The override file contains section "
2327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2328 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:385 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:431
2329 msgid "ExtraOverride"
2332 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2333 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:387 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:433
2334 msgid "Sets the binary extra override file."
2337 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2338 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:390 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:436
2339 msgid "SrcExtraOverride"
2342 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2343 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:392 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:438
2344 msgid "Sets the source extra override file."
2347 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
2348 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:397
2349 msgid "BinDirectory Section"
2352 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
2353 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:399
2355 "The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree "
2356 "with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the "
2357 "binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> "
2358 "section with no substitution variables or "
2359 "<literal>Section</literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings."
2362 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2363 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:407
2364 msgid "Sets the Packages file output."
2367 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2368 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:412
2370 "Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or "
2371 "<literal>Sources</literal> is required."
2374 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2375 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:418
2376 msgid "Sets the Contents file output. (optional)"
2379 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2380 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:423
2381 msgid "Sets the binary override file."
2384 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2385 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:428
2386 msgid "Sets the source override file."
2389 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2390 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:443
2391 msgid "Sets the cache DB."
2394 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2395 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:446
2399 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2400 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:448
2401 msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths."
2404 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2405 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:451
2406 msgid "FileList, SourceFileList"
2409 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2410 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:453
2411 msgid "Specifies the file list file."
2414 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2415 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:460
2416 msgid "The Binary Override File"
2419 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2420 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:461
2422 "The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It "
2423 "contains 4 fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package name, "
2424 "the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the the "
2425 "section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer "
2426 "permutation field."
2429 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2430 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:467
2432 msgid "old [// oldn]* => new"
2435 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
2436 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:469
2441 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2442 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:466
2444 "The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder "
2445 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder "
2446 "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash "
2447 "separated list of old email addresses to be specified. If any of those are "
2448 "found then new is substituted for the maintainer field. The second form "
2449 "unconditionally substitutes the maintainer field."
2452 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2453 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:477
2454 msgid "The Source Override File"
2457 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2458 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:479
2460 "The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It "
2461 "contains 2 fields separated by spaces. The first fields is the source "
2462 "package name, the second is the section to assign it."
2465 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2466 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:484
2467 msgid "The Extra Override File"
2470 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2471 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:486
2473 "The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in "
2474 "the output. It has 3 columns, the first is the package, the second is the "
2475 "tag and the remainder of the line is the new value."
2478 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2479 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:495
2480 msgid "<option>--md5</option>"
2483 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2484 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:497
2486 "Generate MD5 sums. This defaults to on, when turned off the generated index "
2487 "files will not have MD5Sum fields where possible. Configuration Item: "
2488 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::MD5</literal>"
2491 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2492 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:502
2493 msgid "<option>--db</option>"
2496 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2497 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:504
2499 "Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. "
2500 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>."
2503 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2504 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:510
2506 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
2507 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
2508 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
2509 "file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>."
2512 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2513 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:516
2514 msgid "<option>--delink</option>"
2517 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2518 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:518
2520 "Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used "
2521 "then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on "
2522 "and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration "
2523 "Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>."
2526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2527 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:524
2528 msgid "<option>--contents</option>"
2531 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2532 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:526
2534 "Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are "
2535 "being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted "
2536 "and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this "
2537 "option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. "
2538 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>."
2541 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2542 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:534
2543 msgid "<option>--source-override</option>"
2546 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2547 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:536
2549 "Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> "
2550 "command. Configuration Item: "
2551 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</literal>."
2554 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2555 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:540
2556 msgid "<option>--readonly</option>"
2559 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2560 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:542
2562 "Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: "
2563 "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>."
2566 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
2567 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:551 apt.conf.5.xml:818 apt_preferences.5.xml:460 sources.list.5.xml:180
2571 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting>
2572 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:557
2575 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages "
2576 "<replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > "
2577 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n"
2580 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2581 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:553
2583 "To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary "
2584 "packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
2587 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2588 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:567
2590 "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
2594 #. The last update date
2595 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
2598 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>08 "
2599 "November 2008</date>"
2602 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
2603 #: apt-get.8.xml:22 apt-get.8.xml:28
2607 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
2609 msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface"
2612 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
2615 "<command>apt-get</command> <arg><option>-sqdyfmubV</option></arg> <arg> "
2616 "<option>-o= <replaceable>config_string</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2617 "<option>-c= <replaceable>config_file</replaceable> </option> </arg> <arg> "
2618 "<option>-t=</option> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2619 "<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2620 "<replaceable>target_release_number_expression</replaceable> </arg> <arg "
2621 "choice='plain'> <replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> "
2622 "</group> </arg> <group choice=\"req\"> <arg choice='plain'>update</arg> <arg "
2623 "choice='plain'>upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>dselect-upgrade</arg> <arg "
2624 "choice='plain'>dist-upgrade</arg> <arg choice='plain'>install <arg "
2625 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> <group "
2626 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'> "
2627 "=<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2628 "/<replaceable>target_release_name</replaceable> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> "
2629 "/<replaceable>target_release_codename</replaceable> </arg> </group> </arg> "
2630 "</arg> </arg> <arg choice='plain'>remove <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2631 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2632 "choice='plain'>purge <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2633 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2634 "choice='plain'>source <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2635 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable> <arg> "
2636 "=<replaceable>pkg_version_number</replaceable> </arg> </arg> </arg> <arg "
2637 "choice='plain'>build-dep <arg choice=\"plain\" "
2638 "rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>pkg</replaceable></arg></arg> <arg "
2639 "choice='plain'>check</arg> <arg choice='plain'>clean</arg> <arg "
2640 "choice='plain'>autoclean</arg> <arg choice='plain'>autoremove</arg> <arg "
2641 "choice='plain'> <group choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-v</arg> <arg "
2642 "choice='plain'>--version</arg> </group> </arg> <arg choice='plain'> <group "
2643 "choice='req'> <arg choice='plain'>-h</arg> <arg choice='plain'>--help</arg> "
2644 "</group> </arg> </group>"
2647 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
2648 #: apt-get.8.xml:115
2650 "<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, "
2651 "and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT "
2652 "library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, "
2653 "&aptitude;, &synaptic;, &gnome-apt; and &wajig;."
2656 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2657 #: apt-get.8.xml:124 apt-key.8.xml:122
2661 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2662 #: apt-get.8.xml:125
2664 "<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files "
2665 "from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the "
2666 "location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For "
2667 "example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the "
2668 "<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and "
2669 "updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be "
2670 "performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or "
2671 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress "
2672 "meter will be incorrect as the size of the package files cannot be known in "
2676 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2677 #: apt-get.8.xml:136
2681 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2682 #: apt-get.8.xml:137
2684 "<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all "
2685 "packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in "
2686 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed "
2687 "with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no "
2688 "circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not "
2689 "already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently "
2690 "installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install "
2691 "status of another package will be left at their current version. An "
2692 "<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that "
2693 "<command>apt-get</command> knows that new versions of packages are "
2697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2698 #: apt-get.8.xml:149
2699 msgid "dselect-upgrade"
2702 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2703 #: apt-get.8.xml:150
2705 "<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the "
2706 "traditional Debian packaging front-end, "
2707 "&dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> follows the changes made by "
2708 "&dselect; to the <literal>Status</literal> field of available packages, and "
2709 "performs the actions necessary to realize that state (for instance, the "
2710 "removal of old and the installation of new packages)."
2713 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2714 #: apt-get.8.xml:159
2715 msgid "dist-upgrade"
2718 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2719 #: apt-get.8.xml:160
2721 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of "
2722 "<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies "
2723 "with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" "
2724 "conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most "
2725 "important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. So, "
2726 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may remove some packages. The "
2727 "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of locations "
2728 "from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-preferences; "
2729 "for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual packages."
2732 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2733 #: apt-get.8.xml:172
2737 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2738 #: apt-get.8.xml:174
2740 "<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for "
2741 "installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully "
2742 "qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian GNU/Linux system, libc6 would "
2743 "be the argument provided, not <literal>libc6_1.9.6-2.deb</literal>). All "
2744 "packages required by the package(s) specified for installation will also be "
2745 "retrieved and installed. The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> "
2746 "file is used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the "
2747 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2748 "removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate "
2749 "a package to install. These latter features may be used to override "
2750 "decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system."
2753 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2754 #: apt-get.8.xml:192
2756 "A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by "
2757 "following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to "
2758 "select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for "
2759 "install. Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following "
2760 "the package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the "
2761 "Archive name (stable, testing, unstable)."
2764 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2765 #: apt-get.8.xml:199
2767 "Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be "
2771 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2772 #: apt-get.8.xml:202
2774 "This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more "
2775 "already-installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your "
2776 "system. Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of "
2777 "all currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest "
2778 "version of only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the "
2779 "package(s) you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and "
2780 "its dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed."
2783 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2784 #: apt-get.8.xml:213
2786 "Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative "
2787 "installation policy for individual packages."
2790 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2791 #: apt-get.8.xml:217
2793 "If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one "
2794 "of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and "
2795 "it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then "
2796 "installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' "
2797 "matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular "
2798 "expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular "
2802 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2803 #: apt-get.8.xml:226
2807 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2808 #: apt-get.8.xml:227
2810 "<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except "
2811 "that packages are removed instead of installed. Note the removing a package "
2812 "leaves its configuration files in system. If a plus sign is appended to the "
2813 "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be "
2814 "installed instead of removed."
2817 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2818 #: apt-get.8.xml:234
2822 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2823 #: apt-get.8.xml:235
2825 "<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except "
2826 "that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted "
2830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2831 #: apt-get.8.xml:239
2835 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2836 #: apt-get.8.xml:240
2838 "<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source "
2839 "packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source "
2840 "package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory "
2841 "the newest available version of that source package. Source packages are "
2842 "tracked separately from binary packages via <literal>deb-src</literal> type "
2843 "lines in the &sources-list; file. This probably will mean that you will not "
2844 "get the same source as the package you have installed or as you could "
2845 "install. If the --compile options is specified then the package will be "
2846 "compiled to a binary .deb using dpkg-buildpackage, if --download-only is "
2847 "specified then the source package will not be unpacked."
2850 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2851 #: apt-get.8.xml:251
2853 "A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name "
2854 "with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used "
2855 "for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package "
2856 "name and version, implicitly enabling the "
2857 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal> option."
2860 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2861 #: apt-get.8.xml:257
2863 "Note that source packages are not tracked like binary packages, they exist "
2864 "only in the current directory and are similar to downloading source tar "
2868 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2869 #: apt-get.8.xml:262
2873 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2874 #: apt-get.8.xml:263
2876 "<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an "
2877 "attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package."
2880 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2881 #: apt-get.8.xml:267
2885 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2886 #: apt-get.8.xml:268
2888 "<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache "
2889 "and checks for broken dependencies."
2892 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2893 #: apt-get.8.xml:273
2895 "<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved "
2896 "package files. It removes everything but the lock file from "
2897 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and "
2898 "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename>. When APT is used as a "
2899 "&dselect; method, <literal>clean</literal> is run automatically. Those who "
2900 "do not use dselect will likely want to run <literal>apt-get clean</literal> "
2901 "from time to time to free up disk space."
2904 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2905 #: apt-get.8.xml:282
2909 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2910 #: apt-get.8.xml:283
2912 "Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the "
2913 "local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only "
2914 "removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely "
2915 "useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it "
2916 "growing out of control. The configuration option "
2917 "<literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from "
2918 "being erased if it is set to off."
2921 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2922 #: apt-get.8.xml:292
2926 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2927 #: apt-get.8.xml:293
2929 "<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were "
2930 "automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for some package and that "
2931 "are no more needed."
2934 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2935 #: apt-get.8.xml:303 apt-get.8.xml:409
2936 msgid "<option>--no-install-recommends</option>"
2939 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2940 #: apt-get.8.xml:304
2942 "Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. "
2943 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>."
2946 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2947 #: apt-get.8.xml:308
2948 msgid "<option>--download-only</option>"
2951 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2952 #: apt-get.8.xml:309
2954 "Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. "
2955 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>."
2958 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2959 #: apt-get.8.xml:313
2960 msgid "<option>--fix-broken</option>"
2963 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2964 #: apt-get.8.xml:314
2966 "Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This "
2967 "option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT "
2968 "to deduce a likely solution. Any Package that are specified must completely "
2969 "correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when running APT for "
2970 "the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package dependencies to "
2971 "exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can "
2972 "be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually means using "
2973 "&dselect; or <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some of the "
2974 "offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</option> "
2975 "may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: "
2976 "<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>."
2979 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2980 #: apt-get.8.xml:327
2981 msgid "<option>--ignore-missing</option>"
2984 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
2985 #: apt-get.8.xml:328
2986 msgid "<option>--fix-missing</option>"
2989 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
2990 #: apt-get.8.xml:329
2992 "Ignore missing packages; If packages cannot be retrieved or fail the "
2993 "integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those "
2994 "packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with "
2995 "<option>-f</option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is "
2996 "selected for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command "
2997 "line) and it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. "
2998 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>."
3001 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3002 #: apt-get.8.xml:339
3003 msgid "<option>--no-download</option>"
3006 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3007 #: apt-get.8.xml:340
3009 "Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with "
3010 "<option>--ignore-missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has "
3011 "already downloaded. Configuration Item: "
3012 "<literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>."
3015 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3016 #: apt-get.8.xml:347
3018 "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. "
3019 "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use "
3020 "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration "
3021 "file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>, you should never "
3022 "use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT "
3023 "may decided to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: "
3024 "<literal>quiet</literal>."
3027 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3028 #: apt-get.8.xml:357
3029 msgid "<option>--simulate</option>"
3032 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3033 #: apt-get.8.xml:359
3034 msgid "<option>--dry-run</option>"
3037 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3038 #: apt-get.8.xml:362
3040 "No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not "
3041 "actually change the system. Configuration Item: "
3042 "<literal>APT::Get::Simulate</literal>."
3045 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3046 #: apt-get.8.xml:366
3048 "Simulation run as user will deactivate locking "
3049 "(<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>) automatical. Also a notice will be "
3050 "displayed indicating that this is only a simulation, if the option "
3051 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-Note</literal> is set (Default: "
3052 "true) Neigther NoLocking nor the notice will be triggered if run as root "
3053 "(root should know what he is doing without further warnings by "
3054 "<literal>apt-get</literal>)."
3057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3058 #: apt-get.8.xml:372
3060 "Simulate prints out a series of lines each one representing a dpkg "
3061 "operation, Configure (Conf), Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets "
3062 "indicate broken packages with and empty set of square brackets meaning "
3063 "breaks that are of no consequence (rare)."
3066 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3067 #: apt-get.8.xml:379
3068 msgid "<option>-y</option>"
3071 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3072 #: apt-get.8.xml:379
3073 msgid "<option>--yes</option>"
3076 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3077 #: apt-get.8.xml:380
3078 msgid "<option>--assume-yes</option>"
3081 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3082 #: apt-get.8.xml:381
3084 "Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run "
3085 "non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held "
3086 "package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an "
3087 "essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. "
3088 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>."
3091 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3092 #: apt-get.8.xml:388
3093 msgid "<option>-u</option>"
3096 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3097 #: apt-get.8.xml:388
3098 msgid "<option>--show-upgraded</option>"
3101 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3102 #: apt-get.8.xml:389
3104 "Show upgraded packages; Print out a list of all packages that are to be "
3105 "upgraded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>."
3108 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3109 #: apt-get.8.xml:394
3110 msgid "<option>-V</option>"
3113 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3114 #: apt-get.8.xml:394
3115 msgid "<option>--verbose-versions</option>"
3118 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3119 #: apt-get.8.xml:395
3121 "Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: "
3122 "<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>."
3125 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3126 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3127 msgid "<option>-b</option>"
3130 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3131 #: apt-get.8.xml:399
3132 msgid "<option>--compile</option>"
3135 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3136 #: apt-get.8.xml:400
3137 msgid "<option>--build</option>"
3140 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3141 #: apt-get.8.xml:401
3143 "Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: "
3144 "<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>."
3147 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3148 #: apt-get.8.xml:405
3149 msgid "<option>--install-recommends</option>"
3152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3153 #: apt-get.8.xml:406
3154 msgid "Also install recommended packages."
3157 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3158 #: apt-get.8.xml:410
3159 msgid "Do not install recommended packages."
3162 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3163 #: apt-get.8.xml:413
3164 msgid "<option>--ignore-hold</option>"
3167 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3168 #: apt-get.8.xml:414
3170 "Ignore package Holds; This causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a "
3171 "hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with "
3172 "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired "
3173 "holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>."
3176 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3177 #: apt-get.8.xml:420
3178 msgid "<option>--no-upgrade</option>"
3181 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3182 #: apt-get.8.xml:421
3184 "Do not upgrade packages; When used in conjunction with "
3185 "<literal>install</literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent "
3186 "packages on the command line from being upgraded if they are already "
3187 "installed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>."
3190 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3191 #: apt-get.8.xml:427
3192 msgid "<option>--force-yes</option>"
3195 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3196 #: apt-get.8.xml:428
3198 "Force yes; This is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue "
3199 "without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should "
3200 "not be used except in very special situations. Using "
3201 "<literal>force-yes</literal> can potentially destroy your system! "
3202 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>."
3205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3206 #: apt-get.8.xml:435
3207 msgid "<option>--print-uris</option>"
3210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3211 #: apt-get.8.xml:436
3213 "Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI "
3214 "will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected md5 "
3215 "hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file "
3216 "name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> "
3217 "and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the "
3218 "<literal>update</literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it "
3219 "is up to the user to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: "
3220 "<literal>APT::Get::Print-URIs</literal>."
3223 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3224 #: apt-get.8.xml:446
3225 msgid "<option>--purge</option>"
3228 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3229 #: apt-get.8.xml:447
3231 "Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk "
3232 "(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be "
3233 "purged. <option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent for "
3234 "<option>purge</option> command. Configuration Item: "
3235 "<literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>."
3238 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3239 #: apt-get.8.xml:454
3240 msgid "<option>--reinstall</option>"
3243 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3244 #: apt-get.8.xml:455
3246 "Re-Install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. "
3247 "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>."
3250 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3251 #: apt-get.8.xml:459
3252 msgid "<option>--list-cleanup</option>"
3255 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3256 #: apt-get.8.xml:460
3258 "This option defaults to on, use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to turn "
3259 "it off. When on <command>apt-get</command> will automatically manage the "
3260 "contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that obsolete "
3261 "files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you frequently "
3262 "change your source list. Configuration Item: "
3263 "<literal>APT::Get::List-Cleanup</literal>."
3266 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3267 #: apt-get.8.xml:469
3268 msgid "<option>--target-release</option>"
3271 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3272 #: apt-get.8.xml:470
3273 msgid "<option>--default-release</option>"
3276 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3277 #: apt-get.8.xml:471
3279 "This option controls the default input to the policy engine, it creates a "
3280 "default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This "
3281 "overrides the general settings in "
3282 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>. Specifically pinned packages are "
3283 "not affected by the value of this option. In short, this option lets you "
3284 "have simple control over which distribution packages will be retrieved "
3285 "from. Some common examples might be <option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t "
3286 "unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</option>. Configuration Item: "
3287 "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see also the &apt-preferences; "
3291 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3292 #: apt-get.8.xml:484
3293 msgid "<option>--trivial-only</option>"
3296 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3297 #: apt-get.8.xml:486
3299 "Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered "
3300 "related to <option>--assume-yes</option>, where "
3301 "<option>--assume-yes</option> will answer yes to any prompt, "
3302 "<option>--trivial-only</option> will answer no. Configuration Item: "
3303 "<literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>."
3306 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3307 #: apt-get.8.xml:492
3308 msgid "<option>--no-remove</option>"
3311 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3312 #: apt-get.8.xml:493
3314 "If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without "
3315 "prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>."
3318 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3319 #: apt-get.8.xml:498
3320 msgid "<option>--auto-remove</option>"
3323 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3324 #: apt-get.8.xml:499
3326 "If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or "
3327 "<literal>remove</literal>, then this option acts like running "
3328 "<literal>autoremove</literal> command, removing the unused dependency "
3329 "packages. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>."
3332 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3333 #: apt-get.8.xml:505
3334 msgid "<option>--only-source</option>"
3337 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3338 #: apt-get.8.xml:506
3340 "Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and "
3341 "<literal>build-dep</literal> commands. Indicates that the given source "
3342 "names are not to be mapped through the binary table. This means that if "
3343 "this option is specified, these commands will only accept source package "
3344 "names as arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking "
3345 "up the corresponding source package. Configuration Item: "
3346 "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal>."
3349 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3350 #: apt-get.8.xml:516
3351 msgid "<option>--diff-only</option>"
3354 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3355 #: apt-get.8.xml:516
3356 msgid "<option>--dsc-only</option>"
3359 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3360 #: apt-get.8.xml:516
3361 msgid "<option>--tar-only</option>"
3364 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3365 #: apt-get.8.xml:517
3367 "Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration "
3368 "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, "
3369 "<literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</literal>, and "
3370 "<literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>."
3373 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3374 #: apt-get.8.xml:522
3375 msgid "<option>--arch-only</option>"
3378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3379 #: apt-get.8.xml:523
3381 "Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: "
3382 "<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>."
3385 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3386 #: apt-get.8.xml:527
3387 msgid "<option>--allow-unauthenticated</option>"
3390 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3391 #: apt-get.8.xml:528
3393 "Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This "
3394 "is useful for tools like pbuilder. Configuration Item: "
3395 "<literal>APT::Get::AllowUnauthenticated</literal>."
3398 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3399 #: apt-get.8.xml:546 apt.conf.5.xml:825
3400 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>"
3403 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3404 #: apt-get.8.xml:547
3406 "APT configuration file. Configuration Item: "
3407 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Main</literal>."
3410 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3411 #: apt-get.8.xml:551
3412 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename>"
3415 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3416 #: apt-get.8.xml:552
3418 "APT configuration file fragments. Configuration Item: "
3419 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal>."
3422 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3423 #: apt-get.8.xml:556
3424 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>"
3427 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3428 #: apt-get.8.xml:557
3430 "Version preferences file. This is where you would specify \"pinning\", "
3431 "i.e. a preference to get certain packages from a separate source or from a "
3432 "different version of a distribution. Configuration Item: "
3433 "<literal>Dir::Etc::Preferences</literal>."
3436 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3437 #: apt-get.8.xml:565
3438 msgid "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename>"
3441 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3442 #: apt-get.8.xml:566
3444 "Storage area for retrieved package files. Configuration Item: "
3445 "<literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal>."
3448 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3449 #: apt-get.8.xml:570
3450 msgid "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename>"
3453 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3454 #: apt-get.8.xml:571
3456 "Storage area for package files in transit. Configuration Item: "
3457 "<literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal> (implicit partial)."
3460 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3461 #: apt-get.8.xml:589
3463 "&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, "
3464 "&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, "
3465 "&apt-preferences;, the APT Howto."
3468 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3469 #: apt-get.8.xml:595
3471 "<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on "
3475 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3476 #: apt-get.8.xml:598
3477 msgid "ORIGINAL AUTHORS"
3480 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3481 #: apt-get.8.xml:599
3482 msgid "&apt-author.jgunthorpe;"
3485 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3486 #: apt-get.8.xml:602
3487 msgid "CURRENT AUTHORS"
3490 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3491 #: apt-get.8.xml:604
3492 msgid "&apt-author.team;"
3495 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3496 #: apt-key.8.xml:14 apt-key.8.xml:20
3500 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3502 msgid "APT key management utility"
3505 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3508 "<command>apt-key</command> <arg><replaceable>command</replaceable>/</arg> "
3510 "rep=\"repeat\"><option><replaceable>arguments</replaceable></option></arg>"
3513 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3516 "<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to "
3517 "authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these "
3518 "keys will be considered trusted."
3521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3528 msgid "add <replaceable>filename</replaceable>"
3531 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3534 "Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from "
3535 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable>, or standard input if "
3536 "<replaceable>filename</replaceable> is <literal>-</literal>."
3539 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3541 msgid "del <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3544 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3546 msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys."
3549 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3551 msgid "export <replaceable>keyid</replaceable>"
3554 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3556 msgid "Output the key <replaceable>keyid</replaceable> to standard output."
3559 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3564 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3566 msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output."
3569 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3574 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3576 msgid "List trusted keys."
3579 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3584 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3585 #: apt-key.8.xml:103
3586 msgid "List fingerprints of trusted keys."
3589 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3590 #: apt-key.8.xml:110
3594 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3595 #: apt-key.8.xml:114
3597 "Pass advanced options to gpg. With adv --recv-key you can download the "
3601 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3602 #: apt-key.8.xml:126
3604 "Update the local keyring with the keyring of Debian archive keys and removes "
3605 "from the keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid."
3608 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3609 #: apt-key.8.xml:139
3610 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename>"
3613 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3614 #: apt-key.8.xml:140
3615 msgid "Keyring of local trusted keys, new keys will be added here."
3618 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3619 #: apt-key.8.xml:143
3620 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>"
3623 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3624 #: apt-key.8.xml:144
3625 msgid "Local trust database of archive keys."
3628 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3629 #: apt-key.8.xml:147
3630 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg</filename>"
3633 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3634 #: apt-key.8.xml:148
3635 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive trusted keys."
3638 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3639 #: apt-key.8.xml:151
3640 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-removed-keys.gpg</filename>"
3643 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3644 #: apt-key.8.xml:152
3645 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive removed trusted keys."
3648 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3649 #: apt-key.8.xml:163
3650 msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;"
3653 #. The last update date
3654 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
3655 #: apt-mark.8.xml:13
3657 "&apt-author.moconnor; &apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>2 "
3658 "November 2007</date>"
3661 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3662 #: apt-mark.8.xml:22 apt-mark.8.xml:28
3666 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3667 #: apt-mark.8.xml:29
3668 msgid "mark/unmark a package as being automatically-installed"
3671 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
3672 #: apt-mark.8.xml:35
3674 "<command>apt-mark</command> <arg><option>-hv</option></arg> "
3675 "<arg><option>-f=<replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable></option></arg> <group "
3676 "choice=\"req\"><arg>markauto</arg><arg>unmarkauto</arg></group> <arg "
3677 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>package</replaceable></arg>"
3680 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3681 #: apt-mark.8.xml:44
3683 "<command>apt-mark</command> will change whether a package has been marked as "
3684 "being automatically installed."
3687 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3688 #: apt-mark.8.xml:48
3690 "When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages "
3691 "are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as "
3692 "being automatically installed. Once these automatically installed packages "
3693 "are no longer depended on by any manually installed packages, they will be "
3697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3698 #: apt-mark.8.xml:55
3702 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3703 #: apt-mark.8.xml:56
3705 "<literal>markauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically "
3706 "installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually "
3707 "installed packages depend on this package."
3710 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3711 #: apt-mark.8.xml:63
3715 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3716 #: apt-mark.8.xml:64
3718 "<literal>unmarkauto</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually "
3719 "installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed "
3720 "if no other packages depend on it."
3723 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3724 #: apt-mark.8.xml:76
3725 msgid "<option>-f=<filename>FILENAME</filename></option>"
3728 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3729 #: apt-mark.8.xml:76
3730 msgid "<option>--file=<filename>FILENAME</filename></option>"
3733 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3734 #: apt-mark.8.xml:79
3736 "Read/Write package stats from <filename>FILENAME</filename> instead of the "
3737 "default location, which is <filename>extended_status</filename> in the "
3738 "directory defined by the Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</literal>."
3741 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3742 #: apt-mark.8.xml:85
3743 msgid "<option>-h</option>"
3746 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3747 #: apt-mark.8.xml:86
3748 msgid "<option>--help</option>"
3751 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3752 #: apt-mark.8.xml:87
3753 msgid "Show a short usage summary."
3756 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3757 #: apt-mark.8.xml:93
3758 msgid "<option>-v</option>"
3761 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
3762 #: apt-mark.8.xml:94
3763 msgid "<option>--version</option>"
3766 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
3767 #: apt-mark.8.xml:95
3768 msgid "Show the program version."
3771 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3772 #: apt-mark.8.xml:109
3774 "<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on "
3778 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
3779 #: apt-secure.8.xml:14 apt-secure.8.xml:35
3783 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
3784 #: apt-secure.8.xml:36
3785 msgid "Archive authentication support for APT"
3788 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3789 #: apt-secure.8.xml:41
3791 "Starting with version 0.6, <command>apt</command> contains code that does "
3792 "signature checking of the Release file for all archives. This ensures that "
3793 "packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have no access to "
3794 "the Release file signing key."
3797 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3798 #: apt-secure.8.xml:49
3800 "If a package comes from a archive without a signature or with a signature "
3801 "that apt does not have a key for that package is considered untrusted and "
3802 "installing it will result in a big warning. <command>apt-get</command> will "
3803 "currently only warn for unsigned archives, future releases might force all "
3804 "sources to be verified before downloading packages from them."
3807 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3808 #: apt-secure.8.xml:58
3810 "The package frontends &apt-get;, &aptitude; and &synaptic; support this new "
3811 "authentication feature."
3814 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3815 #: apt-secure.8.xml:63
3816 msgid "Trusted archives"
3819 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3820 #: apt-secure.8.xml:66
3822 "The chain of trust from an apt archive to the end user is made up of "
3823 "different steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this "
3824 "chain, trusting an archive does not mean that the packages that you trust it "
3825 "do not contain malicious code but means that you trust the archive "
3826 "maintainer. Its the archive maintainer responsibility to ensure that the "
3827 "archive integrity is correct."
3830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3831 #: apt-secure.8.xml:74
3833 "apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require "
3834 "tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and "
3835 "<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts "
3836 "packages respectively)."
3839 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3840 #: apt-secure.8.xml:81
3842 "The chain of trust in Debian starts when a maintainer uploads a new package "
3843 "or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. This upload in order to "
3844 "become effective needs to be signed by a key of a maintainer within the "
3845 "Debian maintainer's keyring (available in the debian-keyring "
3846 "package). Maintainer's keys are signed by other maintainers following "
3847 "pre-established procedures to ensure the identity of the key holder."
3850 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3851 #: apt-secure.8.xml:91
3853 "Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the "
3854 "maintainer signature is stripped off, an MD5 sum of the package is computed "
3855 "and put in the Packages file. The MD5 sum of all of the packages files are "
3856 "then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is then signed "
3857 "by the archive key (which is created once a year and distributed through the "
3858 "FTP server. This key is also on the Debian keyring."
3861 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3862 #: apt-secure.8.xml:101
3864 "Any end user can check the signature of the Release file, extract the MD5 "
3865 "sum of a package from it and compare it with the MD5 sum of the package he "
3866 "downloaded. Prior to version 0.6 only the MD5 sum of the downloaded Debian "
3867 "package was checked. Now both the MD5 sum and the signature of the Release "
3871 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3872 #: apt-secure.8.xml:108
3874 "Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package "
3875 "basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:"
3878 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3879 #: apt-secure.8.xml:113
3881 "<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature "
3882 "checking, a malicious agent can introduce himself in the package download "
3883 "process and provide malicious software either by controlling a network "
3884 "element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue server "
3885 "(through arp or DNS spoofing attacks)."
3888 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3889 #: apt-secure.8.xml:121
3891 "<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a "
3892 "malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to "
3893 "propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that "
3897 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3898 #: apt-secure.8.xml:128
3900 "However, it does not defend against a compromise of the Debian master server "
3901 "itself (which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to "
3902 "sign the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a "
3903 "per-package signature."
3906 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3907 #: apt-secure.8.xml:134
3908 msgid "User configuration"
3911 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3912 #: apt-secure.8.xml:136
3914 "<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used "
3915 "by apt. It can be used to add or remove keys although an installation of "
3916 "this release will automatically provide the default Debian archive signing "
3917 "keys used in the Debian package repositories."
3920 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3921 #: apt-secure.8.xml:143
3923 "In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make "
3924 "sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add "
3925 "it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get "
3926 "update</command> so that apt can download and verify the "
3927 "<filename>Release.gpg</filename> files from the archives you have "
3931 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3932 #: apt-secure.8.xml:152
3933 msgid "Archive configuration"
3936 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3937 #: apt-secure.8.xml:154
3939 "If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your "
3940 "maintenance you have to:"
3943 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3944 #: apt-secure.8.xml:159
3946 "<literal>Create a toplevel Release file</literal>. if it does not exist "
3947 "already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive "
3948 "release</command> (provided in apt-utils)."
3951 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3952 #: apt-secure.8.xml:164
3954 "<literal>Sign it</literal>. You can do this by running <command>gpg -abs -o "
3955 "Release.gpg Release</command>."
3958 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
3959 #: apt-secure.8.xml:167
3961 "<literal>Publish the key fingerprint</literal>, that way your users will "
3962 "know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the "
3966 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3967 #: apt-secure.8.xml:174
3969 "Whenever the contents of the archive changes (new packages are added or "
3970 "removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps previously "
3974 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3975 #: apt-secure.8.xml:182
3977 "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, "
3978 "&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;"
3981 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3982 #: apt-secure.8.xml:186
3984 "For more background information you might want to review the <ulink "
3985 "url=\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7.en.html\">Debian "
3986 "Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual "
3987 "(available also in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink "
3988 "url=\"http://www.cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong "
3989 "Distribution HOWTO</ulink> by V. Alex Brennen."
3992 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
3993 #: apt-secure.8.xml:199
3994 msgid "Manpage Authors"
3997 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
3998 #: apt-secure.8.xml:201
4000 "This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac "
4001 "Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt."
4004 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4005 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:22 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:28
4006 msgid "apt-sortpkgs"
4009 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4010 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:29
4011 msgid "Utility to sort package index files"
4014 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsynopsisdiv><cmdsynopsis>
4015 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:35
4017 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> <arg><option>-hvs</option></arg> "
4018 "<arg><option>-o=<replaceable>config string</replaceable></option></arg> "
4019 "<arg><option>-c=<replaceable>file</replaceable></option></arg> <arg "
4020 "choice=\"plain\" rep=\"repeat\"><replaceable>file</replaceable></arg>"
4023 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4024 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:44
4026 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (Source index or "
4027 "Package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package "
4028 "name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the "
4029 "internal sorting rules."
4032 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4033 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:50
4034 msgid "All output is sent to stdout, the input must be a seekable file."
4037 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4038 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:57
4039 msgid "<option>--source</option>"
4042 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4043 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:59
4045 "Use Source index field ordering. Configuration Item: "
4046 "<literal>APT::SortPkgs::Source</literal>."
4049 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4050 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:73
4052 "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal "
4056 #. The last update date
4057 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
4058 #: apt.conf.5.xml:13
4060 "&apt-author.jgunthorpe; &apt-author.team; <author> "
4061 "<firstname>Daniel</firstname> <surname>Burrows</surname> <contrib>Initial "
4062 "documentation of Debug::*.</contrib> <email>dburrows@debian.org</email> "
4063 "</author> &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>10 December 2008</date>"
4066 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
4067 #: apt.conf.5.xml:28 apt.conf.5.xml:34
4071 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum>
4072 #: apt.conf.5.xml:29 apt_preferences.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:23
4076 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
4077 #: apt.conf.5.xml:35
4078 msgid "Configuration file for APT"
4081 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4082 #: apt.conf.5.xml:39
4084 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file for the APT "
4085 "suite of tools, all tools make use of the configuration file and a common "
4086 "command line parser to provide a uniform environment. When an APT tool "
4087 "starts up it will read the configuration specified by the "
4088 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if any) and then read the "
4089 "files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> then read the main configuration "
4090 "file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal> then finally apply the "
4091 "command line options to override the configuration directives, possibly "
4092 "loading even more config files."
4095 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4096 #: apt.conf.5.xml:49
4098 "The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into "
4099 "functional groups. option specification is given with a double colon "
4100 "notation, for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option "
4101 "within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. options do not inherit from "
4102 "their parent groups."
4105 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4106 #: apt.conf.5.xml:55
4108 "Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools "
4109 "such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are "
4110 "treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between "
4111 "<literal>/*</literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. "
4112 "Each line is of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal> "
4113 "The trailing semicolon is required and the quotes are optional. A new scope "
4114 "can be opened with curly braces, like:"
4117 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4118 #: apt.conf.5.xml:65
4123 " Assume-Yes \"true\";\n"
4124 " Fix-Broken \"true\";\n"
4129 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4130 #: apt.conf.5.xml:73
4132 "with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by "
4133 "opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by "
4134 "a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, each separated by a "
4138 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting>
4139 #: apt.conf.5.xml:78
4141 msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n"
4144 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4145 #: apt.conf.5.xml:81
4147 "In general the sample configuration file in "
4148 "<filename>&docdir;examples/apt.conf</filename> &configureindex; is a good "
4149 "guide for how it should look."
4152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4153 #: apt.conf.5.xml:85
4155 "The names of the configuration items are not case-sensitive. So in the "
4156 "previous example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>."
4159 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4160 #: apt.conf.5.xml:88
4162 "Two specials are allowed, <literal>#include</literal> and "
4163 "<literal>#clear</literal> <literal>#include</literal> will include the given "
4164 "file, unless the filename ends in a slash, then the whole directory is "
4165 "included. <literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of the "
4166 "configuration tree. The specified element and all its descendents are "
4170 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4171 #: apt.conf.5.xml:94
4173 "All of the APT tools take a -o option which allows an arbitrary "
4174 "configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a "
4175 "full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) "
4176 "followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. Lists can be "
4177 "appended too by adding a trailing :: to the list name."
4180 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4181 #: apt.conf.5.xml:101
4182 msgid "The APT Group"
4185 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4186 #: apt.conf.5.xml:102
4188 "This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the "
4189 "options for all of the tools."
4192 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4193 #: apt.conf.5.xml:106
4194 msgid "Architecture"
4197 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4198 #: apt.conf.5.xml:107
4200 "System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and "
4201 "parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was "
4205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4206 #: apt.conf.5.xml:112
4207 msgid "Default-Release"
4210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4211 #: apt.conf.5.xml:113
4213 "Default release to install packages from if more than one version "
4214 "available. Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: "
4215 "'stable', 'testing', 'unstable', 'lenny', 'squeeze', '4.0', '5.0*'. See also "
4216 "&apt-preferences;."
4219 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4220 #: apt.conf.5.xml:117
4224 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4225 #: apt.conf.5.xml:118
4227 "Ignore Held packages; This global option causes the problem resolver to "
4228 "ignore held packages in its decision making."
4231 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4232 #: apt.conf.5.xml:122
4233 msgid "Clean-Installed"
4236 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4237 #: apt.conf.5.xml:123
4239 "Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any "
4240 "packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off "
4241 "then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - "
4242 "but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them."
4245 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4246 #: apt.conf.5.xml:129
4247 msgid "Immediate-Configure"
4250 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4251 #: apt.conf.5.xml:130
4253 "Disable Immediate Configuration; This dangerous option disables some of "
4254 "APT's ordering code to cause it to make fewer dpkg calls. Doing so may be "
4255 "necessary on some extremely slow single user systems but is very dangerous "
4256 "and may cause package install scripts to fail or worse. Use at your own "
4260 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4261 #: apt.conf.5.xml:137
4262 msgid "Force-LoopBreak"
4265 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4266 #: apt.conf.5.xml:138
4268 "Never Enable this option unless you -really- know what you are doing. It "
4269 "permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to break a "
4270 "Conflicts/Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depend loop between two essential "
4271 "packages. SUCH A LOOP SHOULD NEVER EXIST AND IS A GRAVE BUG. This option "
4272 "will work if the essential packages are not tar, gzip, libc, dpkg, bash or "
4273 "anything that those packages depend on."
4276 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4277 #: apt.conf.5.xml:146
4281 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4282 #: apt.conf.5.xml:147
4284 "APT uses a fixed size memory mapped cache file to store the 'available' "
4285 "information. This sets the size of that cache (in bytes)."
4288 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4289 #: apt.conf.5.xml:151
4290 msgid "Build-Essential"
4293 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4294 #: apt.conf.5.xml:152
4295 msgid "Defines which package(s) are considered essential build dependencies."
4298 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4299 #: apt.conf.5.xml:155
4303 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4304 #: apt.conf.5.xml:156
4306 "The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool, please see its documentation "
4307 "for more information about the options here."
4310 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4311 #: apt.conf.5.xml:160
4315 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4316 #: apt.conf.5.xml:161
4318 "The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool, please see its "
4319 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4322 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4323 #: apt.conf.5.xml:165
4327 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4328 #: apt.conf.5.xml:166
4330 "The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool, please see its "
4331 "documentation for more information about the options here."
4334 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4335 #: apt.conf.5.xml:172
4336 msgid "The Acquire Group"
4339 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4340 #: apt.conf.5.xml:177
4344 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4345 #: apt.conf.5.xml:178
4347 "Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for Packages or "
4348 "Sources files instead of downloading whole ones. True by default."
4351 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4352 #: apt.conf.5.xml:183
4356 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4357 #: apt.conf.5.xml:184
4359 "Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of "
4360 "<literal>host</literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how "
4361 "APT parallelizes outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that "
4362 "one connection per target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> "
4363 "means that one connection per URI type will be opened."
4366 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4367 #: apt.conf.5.xml:191
4371 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4372 #: apt.conf.5.xml:192
4374 "Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed "
4375 "files the given number of times."
4378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4379 #: apt.conf.5.xml:196
4380 msgid "Source-Symlinks"
4383 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4384 #: apt.conf.5.xml:197
4386 "Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will "
4387 "be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default."
4390 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4391 #: apt.conf.5.xml:201 sources.list.5.xml:138
4395 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4396 #: apt.conf.5.xml:202
4398 "HTTP URIs; http::Proxy is the default http proxy to use. It is in the "
4399 "standard form of <literal>http://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per "
4400 "host proxies can also be specified by using the form "
4401 "<literal>http::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword "
4402 "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. The "
4403 "<envar>http_proxy</envar> environment variable will override all settings."
4406 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4407 #: apt.conf.5.xml:209
4409 "Three settings are provided for cache control with HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy "
4410 "caches. <literal>No-Cache</literal> tells the proxy to not use its cached "
4411 "response under any circumstances, <literal>Max-Age</literal> is sent only "
4412 "for index files and tells the cache to refresh its object if it is older "
4413 "than the given number of seconds. Debian updates its index files daily so "
4414 "the default is 1 day. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifies that the cache "
4415 "should never store this request, it is only set for archive files. This may "
4416 "be useful to prevent polluting a proxy cache with very large .deb "
4417 "files. Note: Squid 2.0.2 does not support any of these options."
4420 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4421 #: apt.conf.5.xml:219 apt.conf.5.xml:267
4423 "The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the "
4424 "method, this applies to all things including connection timeout and data "
4428 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4429 #: apt.conf.5.xml:222
4431 "One setting is provided to control the pipeline depth in cases where the "
4432 "remote server is not RFC conforming or buggy (such as Squid 2.0.2) "
4433 "<literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be a value from 0 to 5 "
4434 "indicating how many outstanding requests APT should send. A value of zero "
4435 "MUST be specified if the remote host does not properly linger on TCP "
4436 "connections - otherwise data corruption will occur. Hosts which require this "
4437 "are in violation of RFC 2068."
4440 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4441 #: apt.conf.5.xml:231
4445 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4446 #: apt.conf.5.xml:232
4448 "HTTPS URIs. Cache-control and proxy options are the same as for "
4449 "<literal>http</literal> method. <literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> option is "
4450 "not supported yet."
4453 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4454 #: apt.conf.5.xml:236
4456 "<literal>CaInfo</literal> suboption specifies place of file that holds info "
4457 "about trusted certificates. <literal><host>::CaInfo</literal> is "
4458 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> boolean "
4459 "suboption determines whether verify server's host certificate against "
4460 "trusted certificates or not. <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</literal> "
4461 "is corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Host</literal> boolean "
4462 "suboption determines whether verify server's hostname or not. "
4463 "<literal><host>::Verify-Host</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4464 "option. <literal>SslCert</literal> determines what certificate to use for "
4465 "client authentication. <literal><host>::SslCert</literal> is "
4466 "corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslKey</literal> determines what "
4467 "private key to use for client "
4468 "authentication. <literal><host>::SslKey</literal> is corresponding "
4469 "per-host option. <literal>SslForceVersion</literal> overrides default SSL "
4470 "version to use. Can contain 'TLSv1' or 'SSLv3' string. "
4471 "<literal><host>::SslForceVersion</literal> is corresponding per-host "
4475 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4476 #: apt.conf.5.xml:254 sources.list.5.xml:149
4480 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4481 #: apt.conf.5.xml:255
4483 "FTP URIs; ftp::Proxy is the default proxy server to use. It is in the "
4484 "standard form of <literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal> and "
4485 "is overridden by the <envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable. To use a "
4486 "ftp proxy you will have to set the <literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> script "
4487 "in the configuration file. This entry specifies the commands to send to tell "
4488 "the proxy server what to connect to. Please see &configureindex; for an "
4489 "example of how to do this. The substitution variables available are "
4490 "<literal>$(PROXY_USER)</literal> <literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal> "
4491 "<literal>$(SITE_USER)</literal> <literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal> "
4492 "<literal>$(SITE)</literal> and <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal> Each is taken "
4493 "from it's respective URI component."
4496 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4497 #: apt.conf.5.xml:270
4499 "Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe "
4500 "to leave passive mode on, it works in nearly every environment. However "
4501 "some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode ftp used "
4502 "instead. This can be done globally, for connections that go through a proxy "
4503 "or for a specific host (See the sample config file for examples)."
4506 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4507 #: apt.conf.5.xml:277
4509 "It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the "
4510 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable to a http url - see the "
4511 "discussion of the http method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the "
4512 "configuration file and it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its "
4516 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4517 #: apt.conf.5.xml:282
4519 "The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 "
4520 "<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is "
4521 "false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is "
4522 "IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note "
4523 "that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428."
4526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4527 #: apt.conf.5.xml:289 sources.list.5.xml:131
4531 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout>
4532 #: apt.conf.5.xml:295
4534 msgid "\"/cdrom/\"::Mount \"foo\";"
4537 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4538 #: apt.conf.5.xml:290
4540 "CDROM URIs; the only setting for CDROM URIs is the mount point, "
4541 "<literal>cdrom::Mount</literal> which must be the mount point for the CDROM "
4542 "drive as specified in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to "
4543 "provide alternate mount and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be "
4544 "listed in the fstab (such as an SMB mount and old mount packages). The "
4545 "syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the "
4546 "cdrom block. It is important to have the trailing slash. Unmount commands "
4547 "can be specified using UMount."
4550 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4551 #: apt.conf.5.xml:300
4555 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4556 #: apt.conf.5.xml:301
4558 "GPGV URIs; the only option for GPGV URIs is the option to pass additional "
4559 "parameters to gpgv. <literal>gpgv::Options</literal> Additional options "
4563 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4564 #: apt.conf.5.xml:173
4566 "The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of "
4567 "packages and the URI handlers. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" "
4571 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4572 #: apt.conf.5.xml:310
4576 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4577 #: apt.conf.5.xml:312
4579 "The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to "
4580 "local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place "
4581 "downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the "
4582 "dpkg status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT "
4583 "preferences file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> contains the default "
4584 "directory to prefix on all sub items if they do not start with "
4585 "<filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>."
4588 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4589 #: apt.conf.5.xml:319
4591 "<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache "
4592 "information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> "
4593 "and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded "
4594 "archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can "
4595 "be turned off by setting their names to be blank. This will slow down "
4596 "startup but save disk space. It is probably preferred to turn off the "
4597 "pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the "
4598 "default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>"
4601 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4602 #: apt.conf.5.xml:328
4604 "<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, "
4605 "<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and "
4606 "<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no "
4607 "effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by "
4608 "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)."
4611 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4612 #: apt.conf.5.xml:334
4614 "The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments "
4615 "in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the "
4616 "main config file is loaded."
4619 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4620 #: apt.conf.5.xml:338
4622 "Binary programs are pointed to by "
4623 "<literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::Bin::Methods</literal> specifies "
4624 "the location of the method handlers and <literal>gzip</literal>, "
4625 "<literal>dpkg</literal>, <literal>apt-get</literal> "
4626 "<literal>dpkg-source</literal> <literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and "
4627 "<literal>apt-cache</literal> specify the location of the respective "
4631 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4632 #: apt.conf.5.xml:345
4634 "The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If "
4635 "set, all paths in <literal>Dir::</literal> will be relative to "
4636 "<literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>even paths that are specified "
4637 "absolutely</emphasis>. So, for instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is "
4638 "set to <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and "
4639 "<literal>Dir::State::status</literal> is set to "
4640 "<filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the status file will be "
4641 "looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>."
4644 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4645 #: apt.conf.5.xml:358
4646 msgid "APT in DSelect"
4649 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4650 #: apt.conf.5.xml:360
4652 "When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives "
4653 "control the default behaviour. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> "
4657 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4658 #: apt.conf.5.xml:364
4662 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4663 #: apt.conf.5.xml:365
4665 "Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of always, prompt, auto, pre-auto "
4666 "and never. always and prompt will remove all packages from the cache after "
4667 "upgrading, prompt (the default) does so conditionally. auto removes only "
4668 "those packages which are no longer downloadable (replaced with a new version "
4669 "for instance). pre-auto performs this action before downloading new "
4673 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4674 #: apt.conf.5.xml:374
4676 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4677 "when it is run for the install phase."
4680 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4681 #: apt.conf.5.xml:378
4682 msgid "Updateoptions"
4685 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4686 #: apt.conf.5.xml:379
4688 "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options "
4689 "when it is run for the update phase."
4692 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4693 #: apt.conf.5.xml:383
4694 msgid "PromptAfterUpdate"
4697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4698 #: apt.conf.5.xml:384
4700 "If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. "
4701 "The default is to prompt only on error."
4704 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4705 #: apt.conf.5.xml:390
4706 msgid "How APT calls dpkg"
4709 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4710 #: apt.conf.5.xml:391
4712 "Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are "
4713 "in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section."
4716 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4717 #: apt.conf.5.xml:396
4719 "This is a list of options to pass to dpkg. The options must be specified "
4720 "using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to "
4724 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4725 #: apt.conf.5.xml:401
4729 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4730 #: apt.conf.5.xml:401
4734 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4735 #: apt.conf.5.xml:402
4737 "This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like "
4738 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
4739 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
4740 "fail APT will abort."
4743 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4744 #: apt.conf.5.xml:408
4745 msgid "Pre-Install-Pkgs"
4748 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4749 #: apt.conf.5.xml:409
4751 "This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking dpkg. Like "
4752 "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The "
4753 "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any "
4754 "fail APT will abort. APT will pass to the commands on standard input the "
4755 "filenames of all .deb files it is going to install, one per line."
4758 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4759 #: apt.conf.5.xml:415
4761 "Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol "
4762 "version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions "
4763 "being changed. Version 2 is enabled by setting "
4764 "<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::cmd::Version</literal> to "
4765 "2. <literal>cmd</literal> is a command given to "
4766 "<literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal>."
4769 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4770 #: apt.conf.5.xml:422
4771 msgid "Run-Directory"
4774 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4775 #: apt.conf.5.xml:423
4777 "APT chdirs to this directory before invoking dpkg, the default is "
4778 "<filename>/</filename>."
4781 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4782 #: apt.conf.5.xml:427
4783 msgid "Build-options"
4786 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4787 #: apt.conf.5.xml:428
4789 "These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages, the "
4790 "default is to disable signing and produce all binaries."
4793 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4794 #: apt.conf.5.xml:435
4795 msgid "Periodic and Archives options"
4798 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4799 #: apt.conf.5.xml:436
4801 "<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups "
4802 "of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by "
4803 "<literal>/etc/cron.daily/apt</literal> script. See header of this script for "
4804 "the brief documentation of these options."
4807 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
4808 #: apt.conf.5.xml:444
4809 msgid "Debug options"
4812 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4813 #: apt.conf.5.xml:446
4815 "Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause "
4816 "debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program "
4817 "utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program "
4818 "modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of "
4819 "<literal>apt</literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a "
4820 "normal user, but a few may be:"
4823 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4824 #: apt.conf.5.xml:457
4826 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the "
4827 "decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, "
4831 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4832 #: apt.conf.5.xml:465
4834 "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be "
4835 "used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s "
4836 "install</literal>) as a non-root user."
4839 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4840 #: apt.conf.5.xml:474
4842 "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each "
4843 "time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;."
4847 #. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want
4849 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
4850 #: apt.conf.5.xml:482
4852 "<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data "
4856 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
4857 #: apt.conf.5.xml:492
4858 msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows."
4861 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4862 #: apt.conf.5.xml:497
4863 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::cdrom</literal>"
4866 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4867 #: apt.conf.5.xml:501
4868 msgid "Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources."
4871 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4872 #: apt.conf.5.xml:508
4873 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::ftp</literal>"
4876 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4877 #: apt.conf.5.xml:512
4878 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP."
4881 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4882 #: apt.conf.5.xml:519
4883 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::http</literal>"
4886 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4887 #: apt.conf.5.xml:523
4888 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP."
4891 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4892 #: apt.conf.5.xml:530
4893 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::https</literal>"
4896 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4897 #: apt.conf.5.xml:534
4898 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS."
4901 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4902 #: apt.conf.5.xml:541
4903 msgid "<literal>Debug::Acquire::gpgv</literal>"
4906 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4907 #: apt.conf.5.xml:545
4909 "Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using "
4910 "<literal>gpg</literal>."
4913 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4914 #: apt.conf.5.xml:552
4915 msgid "<literal>Debug::aptcdrom</literal>"
4918 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4919 #: apt.conf.5.xml:556
4921 "Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages "
4922 "stored on CD-ROMs."
4925 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4926 #: apt.conf.5.xml:563
4927 msgid "<literal>Debug::BuildDeps</literal>"
4930 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4931 #: apt.conf.5.xml:566
4932 msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;."
4935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4936 #: apt.conf.5.xml:573
4937 msgid "<literal>Debug::Hashes</literal>"
4940 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4941 #: apt.conf.5.xml:576
4943 "Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the "
4944 "<literal>apt</literal> libraries."
4947 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4948 #: apt.conf.5.xml:583
4949 msgid "<literal>Debug::IdentCDROM</literal>"
4952 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4953 #: apt.conf.5.xml:586
4955 "Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number "
4956 "of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for "
4960 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4961 #: apt.conf.5.xml:594
4962 msgid "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>"
4965 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4966 #: apt.conf.5.xml:597
4968 "Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of "
4969 "<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time."
4972 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4973 #: apt.conf.5.xml:605
4974 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire</literal>"
4977 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4978 #: apt.conf.5.xml:609
4979 msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue."
4982 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4983 #: apt.conf.5.xml:616
4984 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Auth</literal>"
4987 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
4988 #: apt.conf.5.xml:619
4990 "Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and "
4991 "cryptographic signatures of downloaded files."
4994 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
4995 #: apt.conf.5.xml:626
4996 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Diffs</literal>"
4999 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5000 #: apt.conf.5.xml:629
5002 "Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, "
5003 "and errors relating to package index list diffs."
5006 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5007 #: apt.conf.5.xml:637
5008 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::RRed</literal>"
5011 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5012 #: apt.conf.5.xml:641
5014 "Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading "
5015 "index diffs instead of full indices."
5018 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5019 #: apt.conf.5.xml:648
5020 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAcquire::Worker</literal>"
5023 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5024 #: apt.conf.5.xml:652
5025 msgid "Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads."
5028 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5029 #: apt.conf.5.xml:659
5030 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgAutoRemove</literal>"
5033 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5034 #: apt.conf.5.xml:663
5036 "Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to "
5037 "the removal of unused packages."
5040 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5041 #: apt.conf.5.xml:670
5042 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::AutoInstall</literal>"
5045 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5046 #: apt.conf.5.xml:673
5048 "Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically "
5049 "installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial "
5050 "auto-install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, "
5051 "and not to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see "
5052 "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that."
5055 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5056 #: apt.conf.5.xml:684
5057 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5060 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5061 #: apt.conf.5.xml:687
5063 "Generate debug messages describing which package is marked as "
5064 "keep/install/remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition "
5065 "or deletion may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two "
5066 "additional space under the original entry. The format for each line is "
5067 "<literal>MarkKeep</literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or "
5068 "<literal>MarkInstall</literal> followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c "
5069 "-> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> "
5070 "is the current version of the package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the "
5071 "version considered for installation and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer "
5072 "version, but not considered for installation (because of a low pin "
5073 "score). The later two can be omitted if there is none or if it is the same "
5074 "version as the installed. <literal>section</literal> is the name of the "
5075 "section the package appears in."
5078 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5079 #: apt.conf.5.xml:706
5080 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgInitConfig</literal>"
5083 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5084 #: apt.conf.5.xml:709
5085 msgid "Dump the default configuration to standard error on startup."
5088 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5089 #: apt.conf.5.xml:716
5090 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal>"
5093 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5094 #: apt.conf.5.xml:719
5096 "When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being "
5097 "invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character."
5100 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5101 #: apt.conf.5.xml:727
5102 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgProgressReporting</literal>"
5105 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5106 #: apt.conf.5.xml:730
5108 "Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and "
5109 "any errors encountered while parsing it."
5112 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5113 #: apt.conf.5.xml:737
5114 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgOrderList</literal>"
5117 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5118 #: apt.conf.5.xml:741
5120 "Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which "
5121 "<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;."
5124 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5125 #: apt.conf.5.xml:749
5126 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPackageManager</literal>"
5129 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5130 #: apt.conf.5.xml:753
5131 msgid "Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;."
5134 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5135 #: apt.conf.5.xml:760
5136 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgPolicy</literal>"
5139 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5140 #: apt.conf.5.xml:764
5141 msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup."
5144 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5145 #: apt.conf.5.xml:770
5146 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal>"
5149 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5150 #: apt.conf.5.xml:774
5152 "Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what "
5153 "happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)."
5156 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5157 #: apt.conf.5.xml:782
5158 msgid "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver::ShowScores</literal>"
5161 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5162 #: apt.conf.5.xml:785
5164 "Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by "
5165 "the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as "
5166 "described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>"
5169 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5170 #: apt.conf.5.xml:793
5171 msgid "<literal>Debug::sourceList</literal>"
5174 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
5175 #: apt.conf.5.xml:797
5177 "Print information about the vendors read from "
5178 "<filename>/etc/apt/vendors.list</filename>."
5181 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5182 #: apt.conf.5.xml:819
5184 "&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all "
5188 #. ? reading apt.conf
5189 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5190 #: apt.conf.5.xml:829
5191 msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;."
5194 #. The last update date
5195 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo>
5196 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:13
5197 msgid "&apt-author.team; &apt-email; &apt-product; <date>04 May 2009</date>"
5200 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
5201 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:21 apt_preferences.5.xml:27
5202 msgid "apt_preferences"
5205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
5206 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:28
5207 msgid "Preference control file for APT"
5210 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5211 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:33
5213 "The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> can be "
5214 "used to control which versions of packages will be selected for "
5218 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5219 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:37
5221 "Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the "
5222 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for "
5223 "example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT "
5224 "assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency "
5225 "constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest "
5226 "priority for installation. The APT preferences file overrides the "
5227 "priorities that APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the "
5228 "user control over which one is selected for installation."
5231 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
5232 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:47
5234 "Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the "
5235 "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this "
5236 "case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in "
5237 "the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences file does not affect the "
5238 "choice of instance, only the choice of version."
5241 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5242 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:54
5243 msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments"
5246 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5247 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:69
5250 "<command>apt-get install -t testing "
5251 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n"
5254 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5255 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:72
5257 msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n"
5260 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5261 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:56
5263 "If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that "
5264 "applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version "
5265 "is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is "
5266 "possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which "
5267 "receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The "
5268 "target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or "
5269 "in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note "
5270 "that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the "
5271 "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over "
5272 "specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder "
5273 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
5277 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5278 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:81
5279 msgid "priority 100"
5282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5283 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:82
5284 msgid "to the version that is already installed (if any)."
5287 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5288 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:86
5289 msgid "priority 500"
5292 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5293 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:87
5295 "to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target "
5299 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5300 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:91
5301 msgid "priority 990"
5304 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5305 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:92
5306 msgid "to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release."
5309 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5310 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:76
5312 "If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following "
5313 "algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign: "
5314 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5317 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5318 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:97
5320 "If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns "
5321 "priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all "
5322 "uninstalled package versions."
5325 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5326 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:101
5328 "APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to "
5329 "determine which version of a package to install."
5332 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5333 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:104
5335 "Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. "
5336 "(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place "
5337 "of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities "
5338 "exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. "
5339 "Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)"
5342 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5343 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:110
5344 msgid "Install the highest priority version."
5347 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5348 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:111
5350 "If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one "
5351 "(that is, the one with the higher version number)."
5354 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5355 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:114
5357 "If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either "
5358 "the packages differ in some of their metadata or the "
5359 "<literal>--reinstall</literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one."
5362 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5363 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:120
5365 "In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) "
5366 "is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in "
5367 "the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be "
5368 "upgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5369 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5370 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5373 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5374 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:127
5376 "More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> "
5377 "recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be "
5378 "downgraded when <command>apt-get install "
5379 "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get "
5380 "upgrade</command> is executed."
5383 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5384 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:132
5386 "Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version "
5387 "belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to "
5388 "some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when "
5389 "<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> "
5390 "or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least "
5391 "<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority "
5392 "than the installed version."
5395 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5396 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:141
5397 msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences"
5400 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5401 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:143
5403 "The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the "
5404 "assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line "
5405 "records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a "
5406 "specific form and a general form."
5409 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5410 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:149
5412 "The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more "
5413 "specified packages and specified version or version range. For example, the "
5414 "following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the "
5415 "<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with "
5416 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by spaces."
5419 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5420 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:156
5424 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
5425 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
5428 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5429 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:162
5431 "The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a "
5432 "given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed "
5433 "in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package "
5434 "versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's "
5435 "fully qualified domain name."
5438 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5439 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:168
5441 "This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups "
5442 "of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to "
5443 "all package versions available from the local site."
5446 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5447 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:173
5451 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
5452 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
5455 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5456 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:178
5458 "A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\". "
5459 "This should not be confused with the Origin of a distribution as specified "
5460 "in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What follows the \"Origin:\" tag in "
5461 "a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an Internet address but an author "
5462 "or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or \"Ximian\"."
5465 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5466 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:184
5468 "The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions "
5469 "belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is "
5470 "\"<literal>unstable</literal>\"."
5473 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5474 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:188
5478 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
5479 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
5482 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5483 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:193
5485 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5486 "belonging to any distribution whose Codename is "
5487 "\"<literal>squeeze</literal>\"."
5490 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5491 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:197
5495 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
5496 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
5499 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5500 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:202
5502 "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions "
5503 "belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" "
5504 "and whose release Version number is \"<literal>3.0</literal>\"."
5507 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting>
5508 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:207
5512 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
5513 "Pin-Priority: 500\n"
5516 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5517 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:218
5518 msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities"
5521 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5522 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:226
5526 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5527 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:227
5529 "causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the "
5533 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5534 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:231
5535 msgid "990 < P <=1000"
5538 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5539 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:232
5541 "causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target "
5542 "release, unless the installed version is more recent"
5545 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5546 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:237
5547 msgid "500 < P <=990"
5550 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5551 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:238
5553 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5554 "belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent"
5557 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5558 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:243
5559 msgid "100 < P <=500"
5562 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5563 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:244
5565 "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available "
5566 "belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent"
5569 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5570 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:249
5571 msgid "0 < P <=100"
5574 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5575 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:250
5577 "causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of "
5581 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5582 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:254
5586 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5587 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:255
5588 msgid "prevents the version from being installed"
5591 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5592 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:221
5594 "Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or "
5595 "negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking): "
5596 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5599 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5600 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:260
5602 "If any specific-form records match an available package version then the "
5603 "first such record determines the priority of the package version. Failing "
5604 "that, if any general-form records match an available package version then "
5605 "the first such record determines the priority of the package version."
5608 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5609 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:266
5611 "For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records "
5612 "presented earlier:"
5615 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting>
5616 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:270
5620 "Pin: version 5.8*\n"
5621 "Pin-Priority: 1001\n"
5624 "Pin: origin \"\"\n"
5625 "Pin-Priority: 999\n"
5628 "Pin: release unstable\n"
5629 "Pin-Priority: 50\n"
5632 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5633 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:283
5637 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5638 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:285
5640 "The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package "
5641 "will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with "
5642 "\"<literal>5.8</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> 5.8* version of "
5643 "<literal>perl</literal> is available and the installed version is 5.9*, then "
5644 "<literal>perl</literal> will be downgraded."
5647 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5648 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:290
5650 "A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is "
5651 "available from the local system has priority over other versions, even "
5652 "versions belonging to the target release."
5655 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
5656 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:294
5658 "A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other "
5659 "site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an "
5660 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected "
5661 "for installation and no version of the package is already installed."
5664 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5665 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:304
5666 msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties"
5669 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5670 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:306
5672 "The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide "
5673 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to "
5674 "describe the packages available at that location."
5677 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5678 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:318
5679 msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line"
5682 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5683 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:319
5684 msgid "gives the package name"
5687 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5688 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:322 apt_preferences.5.xml:372
5689 msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line"
5692 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5693 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:323
5694 msgid "gives the version number for the named package"
5697 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5698 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:310
5700 "The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
5701 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></filename>: "
5703 "<filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/Packages</filename>. It "
5704 "consists of a series of multi-line records, one for each package available "
5705 "in that directory. Only two lines in each record are relevant for setting "
5706 "APT priorities: <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5709 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5710 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:339
5711 msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line"
5714 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5715 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:340
5717 "names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
5718 "For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies "
5719 "that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
5720 "<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> "
5721 "archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require "
5725 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
5726 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:350
5728 msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n"
5731 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5732 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:356
5733 msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line"
5736 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5737 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:357
5739 "names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. "
5740 "For example, the line \"Codename: squeeze\" specifies that all of the "
5741 "packages in the directory tree below the parent of the "
5742 "<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named "
5743 "<literal>squeeze</literal>. Specifying this value in the APT preferences "
5744 "file would require the line:"
5747 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
5748 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:366
5750 msgid "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
5753 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5754 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:373
5756 "names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might "
5757 "belong to Debian GNU/Linux release version 3.0. Note that there is normally "
5758 "no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and "
5759 "<literal>unstable</literal> distributions because they have not been "
5760 "released yet. Specifying this in the APT preferences file would require one "
5761 "of the following lines."
5764 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
5765 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:382
5768 "Pin: release v=3.0\n"
5769 "Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0\n"
5770 "Pin: release 3.0\n"
5773 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5774 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:391
5775 msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line"
5778 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5779 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:392
5781 "names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory "
5782 "tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line "
5783 "\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree "
5784 "are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are "
5785 "licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. "
5786 "Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the "
5790 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
5791 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:401
5793 msgid "Pin: release c=main\n"
5796 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5797 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:407
5798 msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line"
5801 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5802 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:408
5804 "names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the "
5805 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
5806 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences "
5807 "file would require the line:"
5810 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
5811 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:414
5813 msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
5816 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
5817 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:420
5818 msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line"
5821 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara>
5822 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:421
5824 "names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the "
5825 "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is "
5826 "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences "
5827 "file would require the line:"
5830 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting>
5831 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:427
5833 msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n"
5836 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5837 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:328
5839 "The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory "
5840 "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for "
5841 "example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or "
5842 "<filename>.../dists/woody/Release</filename>. It consists of a single "
5843 "multi-line record which applies to <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages "
5844 "in the directory tree below its parent. Unlike the "
5845 "<filename>Packages</filename> file, nearly all of the lines in a "
5846 "<filename>Release</filename> file are relevant for setting APT priorities: "
5847 "<placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
5850 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5851 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:434
5853 "All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> "
5854 "files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored "
5855 "in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file "
5856 "named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the "
5857 "<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file "
5858 "<filename>debian.lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> "
5859 "contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site "
5860 "<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> "
5861 "architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the "
5862 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution."
5865 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5866 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:447
5867 msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record"
5870 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5871 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:449
5873 "Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or "
5874 "more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This "
5875 "provides a place for comments."
5878 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5879 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:453
5881 "The <literal>Pin-Priority:</literal> line in each APT preferences record is "
5882 "optional. If omitted, APT assigns a priority of 1 less than the last value "
5883 "specified on a line beginning with <literal>Pin-Priority: release "
5887 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5888 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:462
5889 msgid "Tracking Stable"
5892 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5893 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:470
5896 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n"
5897 "Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n"
5899 "Pin: release a=stable\n"
5900 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
5903 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
5904 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
5907 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5908 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:464
5910 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
5911 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
5912 "<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
5913 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> "
5914 "distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
5917 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5918 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:487 apt_preferences.5.xml:533 apt_preferences.5.xml:591
5921 "apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n"
5923 "apt-get dist-upgrade\n"
5926 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5927 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:482
5929 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
5930 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
5931 "<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
5935 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5936 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:499
5938 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n"
5941 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5942 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:493
5944 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
5945 "latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package "
5946 "will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder "
5947 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
5950 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
5951 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:505
5952 msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable"
5955 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5956 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:514
5960 "Pin: release a=testing\n"
5961 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
5964 "Pin: release a=unstable\n"
5965 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
5968 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
5969 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
5972 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5973 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:507
5975 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority "
5976 "to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a "
5977 "lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> "
5978 "distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from "
5979 "other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder "
5980 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
5983 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5984 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:528
5986 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
5987 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest "
5988 "<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" "
5992 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
5993 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:548
5995 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n"
5998 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
5999 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:539
6001 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6002 "latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. "
6003 "Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to "
6004 "the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent "
6005 "than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent "
6006 "<literal>unstable</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6007 "installed version. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6010 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title>
6011 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:555
6012 msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release"
6015 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6016 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:569
6019 "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package "
6021 "Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with squeeze or "
6024 "Pin: release n=squeeze\n"
6025 "Pin-Priority: 900\n"
6027 "Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n"
6029 "Pin: release a=sid\n"
6030 "Pin-Priority: 800\n"
6033 "Pin: release o=Debian\n"
6034 "Pin-Priority: -10\n"
6037 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6038 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:557
6040 "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority "
6041 "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a "
6042 "specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to "
6043 "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, "
6044 "codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow "
6045 "the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to "
6046 "<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you "
6047 "want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> "
6048 "notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example "
6049 "configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6052 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6053 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:586
6055 "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of "
6056 "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in "
6057 "the release codenamed with <literal>squeeze</literal>. <placeholder "
6058 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6061 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting>
6062 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:606
6064 msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n"
6067 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para>
6068 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:597
6070 "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the "
6071 "latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, "
6072 "<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most "
6073 "recent <literal>squeeze</literal> version if that is more recent than the "
6074 "installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>sid</literal> "
6075 "version if that is more recent than the installed version. <placeholder "
6076 "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>"
6079 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6080 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:614
6081 msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;"
6084 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refname>
6085 #: sources.list.5.xml:22 sources.list.5.xml:28
6086 msgid "sources.list"
6089 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose>
6090 #: sources.list.5.xml:29
6091 msgid "Package resource list for APT"
6094 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6095 #: sources.list.5.xml:33
6097 "The package resource list is used to locate archives of the package "
6098 "distribution system in use on the system. At this time, this manual page "
6099 "documents only the packaging system used by the Debian GNU/Linux system. "
6100 "This control file is located in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>"
6103 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6104 #: sources.list.5.xml:38
6106 "The source list is designed to support any number of active sources and a "
6107 "variety of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the most "
6108 "preferred source listed first. The format of each line is: <literal>type uri "
6109 "args</literal> The first item, <literal>type</literal> determines the format "
6110 "for <literal>args</literal> <literal>uri</literal> is a Universal Resource "
6111 "Identifier (URI), which is a superset of the more specific and well-known "
6112 "Universal Resource Locator, or URL. The rest of the line can be marked as a "
6113 "comment by using a #."
6116 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6117 #: sources.list.5.xml:49
6118 msgid "sources.list.d"
6121 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6122 #: sources.list.5.xml:50
6124 "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to "
6125 "add sources.list entries in separate files. The format is the same as for "
6126 "the regular <filename>sources.list</filename> file. File names need to end "
6127 "with <filename>.list</filename> and may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), "
6128 "digits (0-9), underscore (_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. "
6129 "Otherwise they will be silently ignored."
6132 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6133 #: sources.list.5.xml:59
6134 msgid "The deb and deb-src types"
6137 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6138 #: sources.list.5.xml:60
6140 "The <literal>deb</literal> type describes a typical two-level Debian "
6141 "archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. Typically, "
6142 "<literal>distribution</literal> is generally one of "
6143 "<literal>stable</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> or "
6144 "<literal>testing</literal> while component is one of <literal>main</literal> "
6145 "<literal>contrib</literal> <literal>non-free</literal> or "
6146 "<literal>non-us</literal> The <literal>deb-src</literal> type describes a "
6147 "debian distribution's source code in the same form as the "
6148 "<literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> line is required "
6149 "to fetch source indexes."
6152 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6153 #: sources.list.5.xml:72
6155 "The format for a <filename>sources.list</filename> entry using the "
6156 "<literal>deb</literal> and <literal>deb-src</literal> types are:"
6159 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6160 #: sources.list.5.xml:75
6162 msgid "deb uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]"
6165 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6166 #: sources.list.5.xml:77
6168 "The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the "
6169 "Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. "
6170 "<literal>distribution</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the "
6171 "components must be omitted and <literal>distribution</literal> must end with "
6172 "a slash (/). This is useful for when only a particular sub-section of the "
6173 "archive denoted by the URI is of interest. If "
6174 "<literal>distribution</literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one "
6175 "<literal>component</literal> must be present."
6178 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6179 #: sources.list.5.xml:86
6181 "<literal>distribution</literal> may also contain a variable, "
6182 "<literal>$(ARCH)</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (i386, "
6183 "m68k, powerpc, ...) used on the system. This permits "
6184 "architecture-independent <filename>sources.list</filename> files to be "
6185 "used. In general this is only of interest when specifying an exact path, "
6186 "<literal>APT</literal> will automatically generate a URI with the current "
6187 "architecture otherwise."
6190 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6191 #: sources.list.5.xml:94
6193 "Since only one distribution can be specified per line it may be necessary to "
6194 "have multiple lines for the same URI, if a subset of all available "
6195 "distributions or components at that location is desired. APT will sort the "
6196 "URI list after it has generated a complete set internally, and will collapse "
6197 "multiple references to the same Internet host, for instance, into a single "
6198 "connection, so that it does not inefficiently establish an FTP connection, "
6199 "close it, do something else, and then re-establish a connection to that same "
6200 "host. This feature is useful for accessing busy FTP sites with limits on the "
6201 "number of simultaneous anonymous users. APT also parallelizes connections to "
6202 "different hosts to more effectively deal with sites with low bandwidth."
6205 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6206 #: sources.list.5.xml:106
6208 "It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most "
6209 "preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by "
6210 "speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, "
6211 "followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)."
6214 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6215 #: sources.list.5.xml:111
6216 msgid "Some examples:"
6219 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6220 #: sources.list.5.xml:113
6223 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main contrib non-free\n"
6224 "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian dists/stable-updates/\n"
6228 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title>
6229 #: sources.list.5.xml:119
6230 msgid "URI specification"
6233 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6234 #: sources.list.5.xml:124
6238 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6239 #: sources.list.5.xml:126
6241 "The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be "
6242 "considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or "
6246 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6247 #: sources.list.5.xml:133
6249 "The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CDROM drive with media "
6250 "swapping. Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the source "
6254 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6255 #: sources.list.5.xml:140
6257 "The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for the archive. If an environment "
6258 "variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is set with the format "
6259 "http://server:port/, the proxy server specified in <envar>http_proxy</envar> "
6260 "will be used. Users of authenticated HTTP/1.1 proxies may use a string of "
6261 "the format http://user:pass@server:port/ Note that this is an insecure "
6262 "method of authentication."
6265 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6266 #: sources.list.5.xml:151
6268 "The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for the archive. APT's FTP behavior "
6269 "is highly configurable; for more information see the &apt-conf; manual "
6270 "page. Please note that a ftp proxy can be specified by using the "
6271 "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify a "
6272 "http proxy (http proxy servers often understand ftp urls) using this method "
6273 "and ONLY this method. ftp proxies using http specified in the configuration "
6274 "file will be ignored."
6277 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6278 #: sources.list.5.xml:160
6282 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6283 #: sources.list.5.xml:162
6285 "The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are "
6286 "copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. "
6287 "This is useful for people using a zip disk to copy files around with APT."
6290 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6291 #: sources.list.5.xml:167
6295 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
6296 #: sources.list.5.xml:167
6300 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
6301 #: sources.list.5.xml:169
6303 "The rsh/ssh method invokes rsh/ssh to connect to a remote host as a given "
6304 "user and access the files. It is a good idea to do prior arrangements with "
6305 "RSA keys or rhosts. Access to files on the remote uses standard "
6306 "<command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> commands to perform the "
6307 "file transfers from the remote."
6310 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6311 #: sources.list.5.xml:121
6313 "The currently recognized URI types are cdrom, file, http, ftp, copy, ssh, "
6314 "rsh. <placeholder type=\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>"
6317 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6318 #: sources.list.5.xml:181
6320 "Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/jason/debian for "
6321 "stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free."
6324 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6325 #: sources.list.5.xml:183
6327 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian stable main contrib non-free"
6330 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6331 #: sources.list.5.xml:185
6332 msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution."
6335 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6336 #: sources.list.5.xml:186
6338 msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6341 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6342 #: sources.list.5.xml:188
6343 msgid "Source line for the above"
6346 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6347 #: sources.list.5.xml:189
6349 msgid "deb-src file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free"
6352 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6353 #: sources.list.5.xml:191
6355 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the "
6359 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6360 #: sources.list.5.xml:193
6362 msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main"
6365 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6366 #: sources.list.5.xml:195
6368 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6369 "directory, and uses only the stable/contrib area."
6372 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6373 #: sources.list.5.xml:197
6375 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian stable contrib"
6378 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6379 #: sources.list.5.xml:199
6381 "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian "
6382 "directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as "
6383 "well as the one in the previous example in "
6384 "<filename>sources.list</filename>. a single FTP session will be used for "
6385 "both resource lines."
6388 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6389 #: sources.list.5.xml:203
6391 msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib"
6394 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6395 #: sources.list.5.xml:205
6397 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6401 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout>
6402 #: sources.list.5.xml:207
6405 "deb http://nonus.debian.org/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib "
6409 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout>
6410 #: sources.list.5.xml:216
6412 msgid "deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/"
6415 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6416 #: sources.list.5.xml:209
6418 "Uses HTTP to access the archive at nonus.debian.org, under the debian-non-US "
6419 "directory, and uses only files found under "
6420 "<filename>unstable/binary-i386</filename> on i386 machines, "
6421 "<filename>unstable/binary-m68k</filename> on m68k, and so forth for other "
6422 "supported architectures. [Note this example only illustrates how to use the "
6423 "substitution variable; non-us is no longer structured like this] "
6424 "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>"
6427 #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para>
6428 #: sources.list.5.xml:221
6429 msgid "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;"