@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 87, 93, 94, 95, 97, 99, 2000, 2001, 2004
-@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2000,
+@c 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
@node Frames, International, Windows, Top
-@chapter Frames and X Windows
+@chapter Frames and Graphical Displays
@cindex frames
- When using the X Window System, you can create multiple windows at the
-X level in a single Emacs session. Each X window that belongs to Emacs
-displays a @dfn{frame} which can contain one or several Emacs windows.
-A frame initially contains a single general-purpose Emacs window which
-you can subdivide vertically or horizontally into smaller windows. A
-frame normally contains its own echo area and minibuffer, but you can
-make frames that don't have these---they use the echo area and
-minibuffer of another frame.
+ When using a graphical display, you can create multiple windows at
+the system in a single Emacs session. Each system-level window that
+belongs to Emacs displays a @dfn{frame} which can contain one or
+several Emacs windows. A frame initially contains a single
+general-purpose Emacs window which you can subdivide vertically or
+horizontally into smaller windows. A frame normally contains its own
+echo area and minibuffer, but you can make frames that don't have
+these---they use the echo area and minibuffer of another frame.
- Editing you do in one frame also affects the other frames. For
+ To avoid confusion, we reserve the word ``window'' for the
+subdivisions that Emacs implements, and never use it to refer to a
+frame.
+
+ Editing you do in one frame affects the other frames. For
instance, if you put text in the kill ring in one frame, you can yank it
in another frame. If you exit Emacs through @kbd{C-x C-c} in one frame,
it terminates all the frames. To delete just one frame, use @kbd{C-x 5
0} (that is zero, not @kbd{o}).
- To avoid confusion, we reserve the word ``window'' for the
-subdivisions that Emacs implements, and never use it to refer to a
-frame.
-
- Emacs compiled for MS-DOS emulates some aspects of the window system
+ Emacs compiled for MS-DOS emulates some windowing functionality,
so that you can use many of the features described in this chapter.
-@xref{MS-DOS Input}, for more information.
+@iftex
+@xref{MS-DOS Mouse,,,emacs-xtra,Specialized Emacs Features}.
+@end iftex
+@ifnottex
+@xref{MS-DOS Mouse}.
+@end ifnottex
-@cindex MS Windows
- Emacs compiled for MS Windows mostly supports the same features as
-under X.
@menu
* Mouse Commands:: Moving, cutting, and pasting, with the mouse.
* Frame Parameters:: Changing the colors and other modes of frames.
* Scroll Bars:: How to enable and disable scroll bars; how to use them.
* Wheeled Mice:: Using mouse wheels for scrolling.
-* Drag and drop:: Using drag and drop to open files and insert text.
+* Drag and Drop:: Using drag and drop to open files and insert text.
* Menu Bars:: Enabling and disabling the menu bar.
* Tool Bars:: Enabling and disabling the tool bar.
* Dialog Boxes:: Controlling use of dialog boxes.
-* Tooltips:: Showing "tooltips", AKA "balloon help" for active text.
+* Tooltips:: Displaying information at the current mouse position.
* Mouse Avoidance:: Moving the mouse pointer out of the way.
* Non-Window Terminals:: Multiple frames on terminals that show only one.
-* XTerm Mouse:: Using the mouse in an XTerm terminal emulator.
+* Text-Only Mouse:: Using the mouse in text-only terminals.
@end menu
@node Mouse Commands
The mouse commands for selecting and copying a region are mostly
compatible with the @code{xterm} program. You can use the same mouse
-commands for copying between Emacs and other X client programs.
+commands for copying between Emacs and other window-based programs.
+Most of these commands also work in Emacs when you run it under an
+@code{xterm} terminal.
@kindex DELETE @r{(and mouse selection)}
If you select a region with any of these mouse commands, and then
Move point to where you click (@code{mouse-set-point}).
This is normally the left button.
+@vindex x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position
+Normally, Emacs does not distinguish between ordinary mouse clicks and
+clicks that select a frame. When you click on a frame to select it,
+that also changes the selected window and cursor position according to
+the mouse click position. On the X window system, you can change this
+behavior by setting the variable
+@code{x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position} to @code{t}. Then the
+first click selects the frame, but does not affect the selected window
+or cursor position. If you click again in the same place, since that
+click will be in the selected frame, it will change the window or
+cursor position.
+
@item Drag-Mouse-1
Set the region to the text you select by dragging, and copy it to the
kill ring (@code{mouse-set-region}). You can specify both ends of the
on how far away from the window edge the mouse has gone; the variable
@code{mouse-scroll-min-lines} specifies a minimum step size.
+@vindex mouse-drag-copy-region
+If the variable @code{mouse-drag-copy-region} is @code{nil}, this
+mouse command does not copy the selected region into the kill ring.
+
@item Mouse-2
Yank the last killed text, where you click (@code{mouse-yank-at-click}).
This is normally the middle button.
frame's windows you click on. The default value is @code{nil}. This
variable also affects yanking the secondary selection.
-@cindex cutting and X
-@cindex pasting and X
+@cindex cutting
+@cindex pasting
@cindex X cutting and pasting
- To copy text to another X window, kill it or save it in the kill ring.
-Under X, this also sets the @dfn{primary selection}. Then use the
-``paste'' or ``yank'' command of the program operating the other window
-to insert the text from the selection.
+ To copy text to another windowing application, kill it or save it in
+the kill ring. Then use the ``paste'' or ``yank'' command of the
+other application to insert the text.
- To copy text from another X window, use the ``cut'' or ``copy''
-command of the program operating the other window, to select the text
-you want. Then yank it in Emacs with @kbd{C-y} or @kbd{Mouse-2}.
-
- The standard coding system for X selections is
-@code{compound-text-with-extensions}. To specify another coding
-system for X selections, use @kbd{C-x @key{RET} x} or @kbd{C-x
-@key{RET} X}. @xref{Specify Coding}.
-
- These cutting and pasting commands also work on MS-Windows.
+ To copy text from another windowing application, use its ``cut'' or
+``copy'' command to select the text you want. Then yank it in Emacs
+with @kbd{C-y} or @kbd{Mouse-2}.
@cindex primary selection
@cindex cut buffer
@cindex selection, primary
@vindex x-cut-buffer-max
- When Emacs puts text into the kill ring, or rotates text to the front
-of the kill ring, it sets the @dfn{primary selection} in the X server.
-This is how other X clients can access the text. Emacs also stores the
-text in the cut buffer, but only if the text is short enough
-(the value of @code{x-cut-buffer-max} specifies the maximum number of
-characters); putting long strings in the cut buffer can be slow.
+ When Emacs puts text into the kill ring, or rotates text to the
+front of the kill ring, it sets the @dfn{primary selection} in the
+window system. This is how other windowing applications can access
+the text. On the X Window System, emacs also stores the text in the
+cut buffer, but only if the text is short enough (the value of
+@code{x-cut-buffer-max} specifies the maximum number of characters);
+putting long strings in the cut buffer can be slow.
The commands to yank the first entry in the kill ring actually check
first for a primary selection in another program; after that, they check
for text in the cut buffer. If neither of those sources provides text
to yank, the kill ring contents are used.
+ The standard coding system for X Window System selections is
+@code{compound-text-with-extensions}. To specify another coding
+system for selections, use @kbd{C-x @key{RET} x} or @kbd{C-x @key{RET}
+X}. @xref{Communication Coding}.
+
@node Secondary Selection
@section Secondary Selection
@cindex secondary selection
The @dfn{secondary selection} is another way of selecting text using
-X. It does not use point or the mark, so you can use it to kill text
-without setting point or the mark.
+the X Window System. It does not use point or the mark, so you can
+use it to kill text without setting point or the mark.
@table @kbd
@findex mouse-set-secondary
@node Clipboard
@section Using the Clipboard
-@cindex X clipboard
@cindex clipboard
@vindex x-select-enable-clipboard
@findex menu-bar-enable-clipboard
@cindex OpenWindows
@cindex Gnome
- As well as the primary and secondary selection types, X supports a
-@dfn{clipboard} selection type which is used by some applications,
-particularly under OpenWindows and Gnome.
+ Apart from the primary and secondary selection types, Emacs can
+handle the @dfn{clipboard} selection type which is used by some
+applications, particularly under OpenWindows and Gnome.
The command @kbd{M-x menu-bar-enable-clipboard} makes the @code{Cut},
@code{Paste} and @code{Copy} menu items, as well as the keys of the same
names, all use the clipboard.
- You can customize the option @code{x-select-enable-clipboard} to make
+ You can customize the variable @code{x-select-enable-clipboard} to make
the Emacs yank functions consult the clipboard before the primary
selection, and to make the kill functions to store in the clipboard as
well as the primary selection. Otherwise they do not access the
-clipboard at all. Using the clipboard is the default on MS-Windows,
-unlike most systems.
+clipboard at all. Using the clipboard is the default on MS-Windows and Mac,
+but not on other systems.
@node Mouse References
@section Following References with the Mouse
+@kindex Mouse-1 @r{(selection)}
@kindex Mouse-2 @r{(selection)}
- Some Emacs buffers display lists of various sorts. These include
-lists of files, of buffers, of possible completions, of matches for
-a pattern, and so on.
-
- Since yanking text into these buffers is not very useful, most of them
-define @kbd{Mouse-2} specially, as a command to use or view the item you
-click on.
-
- For example, if you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on a file name in a Dired
-buffer, you visit that file. If you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on an error
-message in the @samp{*Compilation*} buffer, you go to the source code
-for that error message. If you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on a completion in
-the @samp{*Completions*} buffer, you choose that completion.
+ Some read-only Emacs buffers include references you can follow, or
+commands you can activate. These include names of files, of buffers,
+of possible completions, of matches for a pattern, as well as the
+buttons in Help buffers and customization buffers. You can follow the
+reference or activate the command by moving point to it and typing
+@key{RET}. You can also do this with the mouse, using either
+@kbd{Mouse-1} or @kbd{Mouse-2}.
+
+ Since yanking text into a read-only buffer is not allowed, these
+buffers generally define @kbd{Mouse-2} to follow a reference or
+activate a command. For example, if you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on a file
+name in a Dired buffer, you visit that file. If you click
+@kbd{Mouse-2} on an error message in the @samp{*Compilation*} buffer,
+you go to the source code for that error message. If you click
+@kbd{Mouse-2} on a completion in the @samp{*Completions*} buffer, you
+choose that completion.
+
+ However, most applications use @kbd{Mouse-1} to do this sort of
+thing, so Emacs implements this too. If you click @kbd{Mouse-1}
+quickly on a reference or button, it follows or activates. If you
+click slowly, it moves point as usual. Dragging, meaning moving the
+mouse while it is held down, also has its usual behavior of setting
+the region.
+
+@vindex mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows
+ Normally, the @kbd{Mouse-1} click behavior is performed on links in
+any window. The variable @code{mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows}
+controls whether @kbd{Mouse-1} has this behavior even in non-selected
+windows, or only in the selected window.
@vindex mouse-highlight
- You can usually tell when @kbd{Mouse-2} has this special sort of
-meaning because the sensitive text highlights when you move the mouse
-over it. The variable @code{mouse-highlight} controls whether to do
-this highlighting always (even when such text appears where the mouse
-already is), never, or only immediately after you move the mouse.
+ You can usually tell when @kbd{Mouse-1} and @kbd{Mouse-2} have this
+special sort of meaning because the sensitive text highlights when you
+move the mouse over it. The variable @code{mouse-highlight} controls
+whether to do this highlighting always (even when such text appears
+where the mouse already is), never, or only immediately after you move
+the mouse.
+
+@vindex mouse-1-click-follows-link
+ In Emacs versions before 22, only @kbd{Mouse-2} follows links and
+@kbd{Mouse-1} always sets point. If you prefer this older behavior,
+set the variable @code{mouse-1-click-follows-link} to @code{nil}.
+This variable also lets you choose various other alternatives for
+following links with the mouse. Type @kbd{C-h v
+mouse-1-click-follows-link @key{RET}} for more details.
@node Menu Mouse Clicks
@section Mouse Clicks for Menus
- Mouse clicks modified with the @key{CTRL} and @key{SHIFT} keys
+ Several mouse clicks with the @key{CTRL} and @key{SHIFT} modifiers
bring up menus.
@table @kbd
@item C-Mouse-3
@kindex C-Mouse-3
-This menu is mode-specific. For most modes if Menu-bar mode is on, this
-menu has the same items as all the mode-specific menu-bar menus put
-together. Some modes may specify a different menu for this
+This menu is mode-specific. For most modes if Menu-bar mode is on,
+this menu has the same items as all the mode-specific menu-bar menus
+put together. Some modes may specify a different menu for this
button.@footnote{Some systems use @kbd{Mouse-3} for a mode-specific
menu. We took a survey of users, and found they preferred to keep
-@kbd{Mouse-3} for selecting and killing regions. Hence the decision to
-use @kbd{C-Mouse-3} for this menu.} If Menu-bar mode is off, this menu
-contains all the items which would be present in the menu bar---not just
-the mode-specific ones---so that you can access them without having to
-display the menu bar.
+@kbd{Mouse-3} for selecting and killing regions. Hence the decision
+to use @kbd{C-Mouse-3} for this menu. To use @kbd{Mouse-3} instead,
+do @code{(global-set-key [mouse-3] 'mouse-popup-menubar-stuff)}.} If
+Menu-bar mode is off, this menu contains all the items which would be
+present in the menu bar---not just the mode-specific ones---so that
+you can access them without having to display the menu bar.
@item S-Mouse-1
-This menu is for specifying the frame's principal font.
+This menu is for specifying the frame's default font.
@end table
@node Mode Line Mouse
You can use mouse clicks on window mode lines to select and manipulate
windows.
+ Some areas of the mode line, such as the buffer name and the major
+mode name, have their own special mouse bindings. These areas are
+highlighted when you hold the mouse over them, and information about
+the special bindings will be displayed (@pxref{Tooltips}). This
+section's commands do not apply in those areas.
+
@table @kbd
@item Mouse-1
@kindex Mouse-1 @r{(mode line)}
-@kbd{Mouse-1} on a mode line selects the window above. By dragging
-@kbd{Mouse-1} on the mode line, you can move it, thus changing the
-height of the windows above and below.
+@kbd{Mouse-1} on a mode line selects the window it belongs to. By
+dragging @kbd{Mouse-1} on the mode line, you can move it, thus
+changing the height of the windows above and below. Changing heights
+with the mouse in this way never deletes windows, it just refuses to
+make any window smaller than the minimum height.
@item Mouse-2
@kindex Mouse-2 @r{(mode line)}
@item Mouse-3
@kindex Mouse-3 @r{(mode line)}
-@kbd{Mouse-3} on a mode line deletes the window above. If the frame has
-only one window, it buries the current buffer instead and switches to
-another buffer.
+@kbd{Mouse-3} on a mode line deletes the window it belongs to. If the
+frame has only one window, it buries the current buffer instead, and
+switches to another buffer.
@item C-Mouse-2
@kindex C-mouse-2 @r{(mode line)}
@end table
@kindex C-Mouse-2 @r{(scroll bar)}
- @kbd{C-Mouse-2} on a scroll bar splits the corresponding window
+@kindex Mouse-1 @r{(scroll bar)}
+ Using @kbd{Mouse-1} on the divider between two side-by-side mode
+lines, you can move the vertical boundary left or right. Using
+@kbd{C-Mouse-2} on a scroll bar splits the corresponding window
vertically. @xref{Split Window}.
- The commands above apply to areas of the mode line which do not have
-special mouse bindings of their own. Some areas, such as the buffer
-name and the major mode name, have their own special mouse bindings.
-Emacs displays information about these bindings when you hold the
-mouse over such a place (@pxref{Tooltips}).
-
@node Creating Frames
@section Creating Frames
@cindex creating frames
Here's a similar example for specifying a foreground color:
@example
-(add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(background-color . "blue"))
+(add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(foreground-color . "blue"))
@end example
-
@node Frame Commands
@section Frame Commands
@kindex C-z @r{(X windows)}
@findex iconify-or-deiconify-frame
Iconify the selected Emacs frame (@code{iconify-or-deiconify-frame}).
-The normal meaning of @kbd{C-z}, to suspend Emacs, is not useful under a
-window system, so it has a different binding in that case.
+When typed on an Emacs frame's icon, deiconify instead.
-If you type this command on an Emacs frame's icon, it deiconifies the frame.
+The normal meaning of @kbd{C-z}, to suspend Emacs, is not useful under
+a graphical display that allows multiple applications to operate
+simultaneously in their own windows, so Emacs gives @kbd{C-z} a
+different binding in that case.
@item C-x 5 0
@kindex C-x 5 0
how the system (or the window manager) generally handles
focus-switching between windows. There are two possibilities: either
simply moving the mouse onto a window selects it (gives it focus), or
-you have to click on it in a suitable way to do so. Unfortunately
-there is no way Emacs can find out automatically which way the system
-handles this, so you have to explicitly say, by setting the variable
-@code{focus-follows-mouse}. If just moving the mouse onto a window
-selects it, that variable should be @code{t}; if a click is necessary,
-the variable should be @code{nil}.
+you have to click on it in a suitable way to do so. On X, this focus
+policy also affects whether the focus is given to a frame that Emacs
+raises. Unfortunately there is no way Emacs can find out
+automatically which way the system handles this, so you have to
+explicitly say, by setting the variable @code{focus-follows-mouse}.
+If just moving the mouse onto a window selects it, that variable
+should be @code{t}; if a click is necessary, the variable should be
+@code{nil}.
+
+The window manager that is part of MS-Windows always gives focus to a
+frame that raises, so this variable has no effect in the native
+MS-Windows build of Emacs.
@node Speedbar
-@section Making and Using a Speedbar Frame
+@section Speedbar Frames
@cindex speedbar
- An Emacs frame can have a @dfn{speedbar}, which is a vertical window
-that serves as a scrollable menu of files you could visit and tags
-within those files. To create a speedbar, type @kbd{M-x speedbar}; this
-creates a speedbar window for the selected frame. From then on, you can
-click on a file name in the speedbar to visit that file in the
-corresponding Emacs frame, or click on a tag name to jump to that tag in
-the Emacs frame.
-
- Initially the speedbar lists the immediate contents of the current
-directory, one file per line. Each line also has a box, @samp{[+]} or
-@samp{<+>}, that you can click on with @kbd{Mouse-2} to ``open up'' the
-contents of that item. If the line names a directory, opening it adds
+@cindex attached frame (of speedbar)
+ The @dfn{speedbar} is a special frame for conveniently navigating in
+or operating on another frame. The speedbar, when it exists, is
+always associated with a specific frame, called its @dfn{attached
+frame}; all speedbar operations act on that frame.
+
+ Type @kbd{M-x speedbar} to create the speedbar and associate it with
+the current frame. To dismiss the speedbar, type @kbd{M-x speedbar}
+again, or select the speedbar and type @kbd{q}. (You can also delete
+the speedbar frame like any other Emacs frame.) If you wish to
+associate the speedbar with a different frame, dismiss it and call
+@kbd{M-x speedbar} from that frame.
+
+ The speedbar can operate in various modes. Its default mode is
+@dfn{File Display} mode, which shows the files in the current
+directory of the selected window of the attached frame, one file per
+line. Clicking on a file name visits that file in the selected window
+of the attached frame, and clicking on a directory name shows that
+directory in the speedbar (@pxref{Mouse References}). Each line also
+has a box, @samp{[+]} or @samp{<+>}, that you can click on to
+@dfn{expand} the contents of that item. Expanding a directory adds
the contents of that directory to the speedbar display, underneath the
-directory's own line. If the line lists an ordinary file, opening it up
-adds a list of the tags in that file to the speedbar display. When a
-file is opened up, the @samp{[+]} changes to @samp{[-]}; you can click
-on that box to ``close up'' that file (hide its contents).
+directory's own line. Expanding an ordinary file adds a list of the
+tags in that file to the speedbar display; you can click on a tag name
+to jump to that tag in the selected window of the attached frame.
+When a file or directory is expanded, the @samp{[+]} changes to
+@samp{[-]}; you can click on that box to @dfn{contract} the item,
+hiding its contents.
+
+ You navigate through the speedbar using the keyboard, too. Typing
+@kbd{RET} while point is on a line in the speedbar is equivalent to
+clicking the item on the current line, and @kbd{SPC} expands or
+contracts the item. @kbd{U} displays the parent directory of the
+current directory. To copy, delete, or rename the file on the current
+line, type @kbd{C}, @kbd{D}, and @kbd{R} respectively. To create a
+new directory, type @kbd{M}.
+
+ Another general-purpose speedbar mode is @dfn{Buffer Display} mode;
+in this mode, the speedbar displays a list of Emacs buffers. To
+switch to this mode, type @kbd{b} in the speedbar. To return to File
+Display mode, type @kbd{f}. You can also change the display mode by
+clicking @kbd{mouse-3} anywhere in the speedbar window (or
+@kbd{mouse-1} on the mode-line) and selecting @samp{Displays} in the
+pop-up menu.
Some major modes, including Rmail mode, Info, and GUD, have
specialized ways of putting useful items into the speedbar for you to
files, and lets you move the current message to another Rmail file by
clicking on its @samp{<M>} box.
- A speedbar belongs to one Emacs frame, and always operates on that
-frame. If you use multiple frames, you can make a speedbar for some or
-all of the frames; type @kbd{M-x speedbar} in any given frame to make a
-speedbar for it.
+ For more details on using and programming the speedbar, @xref{Top,
+Speedbar,,speedbar, Speedbar Manual}.
@node Multiple Displays
@section Multiple Displays
@section Special Buffer Frames
@vindex special-display-buffer-names
- You can make certain chosen buffers, for which Emacs normally creates
-a second window when you have just one window, appear in special frames
-of their own. To do this, set the variable
-@code{special-display-buffer-names} to a list of buffer names; any
-buffer whose name is in that list automatically gets a special frame,
-when an Emacs command wants to display it ``in another window.''
+ You can make certain chosen buffers, which Emacs normally displays
+in ``another window,'' appear in special frames of their own. To do
+this, set the variable @code{special-display-buffer-names} to a list
+of buffer names; any buffer whose name is in that list automatically
+gets a special frame, when an Emacs command wants to display it ``in
+another window.''
For example, if you set the variable this way,
More generally, you can set @code{special-display-regexps} to a list
of regular expressions; then a buffer gets its own frame if its name
matches any of those regular expressions. (Once again, this applies only
-to buffers that normally get displayed for you in a separate window.)
+to buffers that normally get displayed for you in ``another window.'')
@vindex special-display-frame-alist
The variable @code{special-display-frame-alist} specifies the frame
@node Frame Parameters
@section Setting Frame Parameters
-@cindex colors
@cindex Auto-Raise mode
@cindex Auto-Lower mode
- This section describes commands for altering the display style and
-window management behavior of the selected frame.
-
-@findex set-foreground-color
-@findex set-background-color
-@findex set-cursor-color
-@findex set-mouse-color
-@findex set-border-color
-@findex auto-raise-mode
-@findex auto-lower-mode
-@table @kbd
-@item M-x set-foreground-color @key{RET} @var{color} @key{RET}
-Specify color @var{color} for the foreground of the selected frame.
-(This also changes the foreground color of the default face.)
-
-@item M-x set-background-color @key{RET} @var{color} @key{RET}
-Specify color @var{color} for the background of the selected frame.
-(This also changes the background color of the default face.)
-
-@item M-x set-cursor-color @key{RET} @var{color} @key{RET}
-Specify color @var{color} for the cursor of the selected frame.
-
-@item M-x set-mouse-color @key{RET} @var{color} @key{RET}
-Specify color @var{color} for the mouse cursor when it is over the
-selected frame.
-
-@item M-x set-border-color @key{RET} @var{color} @key{RET}
-Specify color @var{color} for the border of the selected frame.
+@kindex S-Mouse-1
+ You can specify the font and colors used for text display, and the
+colors for the frame borders, the cursor, and the mouse cursor, by
+customizing the faces @code{default}, @code{border}, @code{cursor} and
+@code{mouse}. @xref{Face Customization}. You can also set a frame's
+default font through a pop-up menu. Press @kbd{S-Mouse-1} to activate
+this menu.
-@item M-x list-colors-display
-Display the defined color names and show what the colors look like.
-This command is somewhat slow.
+ These commands are available for controlling the window management
+behavior of the selected frame.
+@table @kbd
+@findex auto-raise-mode
@item M-x auto-raise-mode
Toggle whether or not the selected frame should auto-raise. Auto-raise
means that every time you move the mouse onto the frame, it raises the
frame.
-Note that this auto-raise feature is implemented by Emacs itself. Some
-window managers also implement auto-raise. If you enable auto-raise for
-Emacs frames in your X window manager, it should work, but it is beyond
-Emacs's control and therefore @code{auto-raise-mode} has no effect on
-it.
+Some window managers also implement auto-raise. If you enable
+auto-raise for Emacs frames in your window manager, it will work, but
+it is beyond Emacs' control, so @code{auto-raise-mode} has no effect
+on it.
+@findex auto-lower-mode
@item M-x auto-lower-mode
Toggle whether or not the selected frame should auto-lower.
Auto-lower means that every time you move the mouse off the frame,
-the frame moves to the bottom of the stack of X windows.
+the frame moves to the bottom of the stack on the screen.
The command @code{auto-lower-mode} has no effect on auto-lower
-implemented by the X window manager. To control that, you must use
-the appropriate window manager features.
-
-@findex set-frame-font
-@item M-x set-frame-font @key{RET} @var{font} @key{RET}
-@cindex font (principal)
-Specify font @var{font} as the principal font for the selected frame.
-The principal font controls several face attributes of the
-@code{default} face (@pxref{Faces}). For example, if the principal font
-has a height of 12 pt, all text will be drawn in 12 pt fonts, unless you
-use another face that specifies a different height. @xref{Font X}, for
-ways to list the available fonts on your system.
-
-@kindex S-Mouse-1
-You can also set a frame's principal font through a pop-up menu.
-Press @kbd{S-Mouse-1} to activate this menu.
+implemented by the window manager. To control that, you must use the
+appropriate window manager features.
@end table
In Emacs versions that use an X toolkit, the color-setting and
@cindex Scroll Bar mode
@cindex mode, Scroll Bar
- When using X, Emacs normally makes a @dfn{scroll bar} at the left of
-each Emacs window.@footnote{Placing it at the left is usually more
-useful with overlapping frames with text starting at the left margin.}
-The scroll bar runs the height of the window, and shows a moving
-rectangular inner box which represents the portion of the buffer
-currently displayed. The entire height of the scroll bar represents the
-entire length of the buffer.
+ On graphical displays, Emacs normally makes a @dfn{scroll bar} at
+the left of each Emacs window.@footnote{Placing it at the left is
+usually more useful with overlapping frames with text starting at the
+left margin.} The scroll bar runs the height of the window, and shows
+a moving rectangular inner box which represents the portion of the
+buffer currently displayed. The entire height of the scroll bar
+represents the entire length of the buffer.
You can use @kbd{Mouse-2} (normally, the middle button) in the scroll
bar to move or drag the inner box up and down. If you move it to the
@findex scroll-bar-mode
@vindex scroll-bar-mode
You can enable or disable Scroll Bar mode with the command @kbd{M-x
-scroll-bar-mode}. With no argument, it toggles the use of scroll bars.
-With an argument, it turns use of scroll bars on if and only if the
-argument is positive. This command applies to all frames, including
-frames yet to be created. Customize the option @code{scroll-bar-mode}
-to control the use of scroll bars at startup. You can use it to specify
-that they are placed at the right of windows if you prefer that. You
-have to set this variable through the @samp{Customize} interface
-(@pxref{Easy Customization}). Otherwise, it will not work properly.
-You can use the X resource @samp{verticalScrollBars} to control the
-initial setting of Scroll Bar mode similarly. @xref{Resources}.
+scroll-bar-mode}. With no argument, it toggles the use of scroll
+bars. With an argument, it turns use of scroll bars on if and only if
+the argument is positive. This command applies to all frames,
+including frames yet to be created. Customize the variable
+@code{scroll-bar-mode} to control the use of scroll bars at startup.
+You can use it to specify that they are placed at the right of windows
+if you prefer that. You have to set this variable through the
+@samp{Customize} interface (@pxref{Easy Customization}), or it will
+not work properly.
+
+ You can also use the X resource @samp{verticalScrollBars} to control
+the initial setting of Scroll Bar mode. @xref{Resources}.
@findex toggle-scroll-bar
To enable or disable scroll bars for just the selected frame, use the
usually click the wheel to act as either @kbd{Mouse-2} or
@kbd{Mouse-3}, depending on the setup. You can also use the wheel to
scroll windows instead of using the scroll bar or keyboard commands.
-To do so, turn on Mouse Wheel global minor mode with the command
-@kbd{M-x mouse-wheel-mode} or by customizing the option
-@code{mouse-wheel-mode}. Support for the wheel depends on the system
-generating appropriate events for Emacs.
+Mouse wheel support only works if the system generates appropriate
+events; whenever possible, it is turned on by default. To toggle this
+feature, use @kbd{M-x mouse-wheel-mode}.
@vindex mouse-wheel-follow-mouse
@vindex mouse-wheel-scroll-amount
+@vindex mouse-wheel-progressive-speed
The variables @code{mouse-wheel-follow-mouse} and
@code{mouse-wheel-scroll-amount} determine where and by how much
-buffers are scrolled.
-
-@node Drag and drop
-@section Drag and drop in Emacs.
+buffers are scrolled. The variable
+@code{mouse-wheel-progressive-speed} determines whether the scroll
+speed is linked to how fast you move the wheel.
+@node Drag and Drop
+@section Drag and Drop
@cindex drag and drop
- Emacs supports drag and drop so that dropping of files and text is handled.
-Currently supported drag and drop protocols are XDND, Motif and the old
-KDE 1.x protocol. There is no drag support yet.
-When text is dropped on Emacs, Emacs inserts the text where it is dropped.
-When a file is dragged from a file manager to Emacs, Emacs opens that file.
-As a special case, if a file is dropped on a dired buffer the file is
-copied or moved (depends on exactly how it is dragged and the application
-it was dragged from) to the directory the dired buffer is displaying.
-
-@vindex x-dnd-test-function
-@vindex x-dnd-known-types
- When a user drags something from another application over Emacs, that other
-application expects Emacs to tell it if Emacs can handle the data that is
-dragged. The variable @code{x-dnd-test-function} is used by Emacs to determine
-what to reply. The default value is @code{x-dnd-default-test-function}
-which accepts drops if the type of the data to be dropped is present in
-@code{x-dnd-known-types}. You can customize @code{x-dnd-test-function} and/or
-@code{x-dnd-known-types} if you want Emacs to accept or reject drops based
-on some other criteria.
-
-@vindex x-dnd-open-file-other-window
- A file is normally opened in the window it is dropped on, but if you
-prefer the file to be opened in a new window you can customize the variable
-@code{x-dnd-open-file-other-window}.
-
-@vindex x-dnd-types-alist
- If you want to change the way Emacs handles drop of different types
-or add a new type, you shall customize @code{x-dnd-types-alist}. This
-requires detailed knowledge of what types other applications use
-for drag and drop.
-
-@vindex x-dnd-protocol-alist
- When an URL is dropped on Emacs it may be a file, but it may also be
-another URL type (ftp, http, etc.). Emacs first checks
-@code{x-dnd-protocol-alist} to determine what to do with the URL. If there
-is no match there and if @code{browse-url-browser-function} is an alist,
-Emacs looks for a match there. If no match is found the text for the URL
-is inserted. If you want to alter Emacs behaviour you can customize these
-variables.
+ Emacs supports @dfn{drag and drop} using the mouse. For instance,
+dropping text onto an Emacs frame inserts the text where it is dropped.
+Dropping a file onto an Emacs frame visits that file. As a special
+case, dropping the file on a Dired buffer moves or copies the file
+(according to the conventions of the application it came from) into the
+directory displayed in that buffer.
+
+@vindex dnd-open-file-other-window
+ Dropping a file normally visits it in the window you drop it on. If
+you prefer to visit the file in a new window in such cases, customize
+the variable @code{dnd-open-file-other-window}.
+
+ The XDND and Motif drag and drop protocols, and the old KDE 1.x
+protocol, are currently supported.
@node Menu Bars
@section Menu Bars
@cindex Menu Bar mode
@cindex mode, Menu Bar
+@findex menu-bar-mode
+@vindex menu-bar-mode
You can turn display of menu bars on or off with @kbd{M-x
-menu-bar-mode} or by customizing the option @code{menu-bar-mode}.
+menu-bar-mode} or by customizing the variable @code{menu-bar-mode}.
With no argument, this command toggles Menu Bar mode, a
minor mode. With an argument, the command turns Menu Bar mode on if the
argument is positive, off if the argument is not positive. You can use
@xref{Menu Bar}, for information on how to invoke commands with the
menu bar. @xref{X Resources}, for how to customize the menu bar
-menus.
+menus' visual appearance.
@node Tool Bars
@section Tool Bars
@cindex mode, Tool Bar
@cindex icons, toolbar
-The @dfn{tool bar} is a line (or multiple lines) of icons at the top
-of the Emacs window. You can click on these icons with the mouse
-to do various jobs.
+ The @dfn{tool bar} is a line (or lines) of icons at the top of the
+Emacs window, just below the menu bar. You can click on these icons
+with the mouse to do various jobs.
-The global tool bar contains general commands. Some major modes
+ The global tool bar contains general commands. Some major modes
define their own tool bars to replace it. A few ``special'' modes
that are not designed for ordinary editing remove some items from the
global tool bar.
-Tool bars work only on a graphical display. The tool bar uses colored
+ Tool bars work only on a graphical display. The tool bar uses colored
XPM icons if Emacs was built with XPM support. Otherwise, the tool
bar uses monochrome icons (PBM or XBM format).
-You can turn display of tool bars on or off with @kbd{M-x
-tool-bar-mode}.
+@findex tool-bar-mode
+@vindex tool-bar-mode
+ You can turn display of tool bars on or off with @kbd{M-x
+tool-bar-mode} or by customizing the option @code{tool-bar-mode}.
@node Dialog Boxes
@section Using Dialog Boxes
dialog box to ask a yes-or-no question, if you used the mouse to
invoke the command to begin with.
- You can customize the option @code{use-dialog-box} to suppress the
+ You can customize the variable @code{use-dialog-box} to suppress the
use of dialog boxes. This also controls whether to use file selection
windows (but those are not supported on all platforms).
@vindex use-file-dialog
- A file selection window is a special kind of dialog box for asking for
-file names.
-
- You can customize the option @code{use-file-dialog} to suppress the
-use of file selection windows even if you still want other kinds
-of dialogs. This option has no effect if you have suppressed all dialog
-boxes with the option @code{use-dialog-box}.
-
-@vindex x-use-old-gtk-file-dialog
- For Gtk+ version 2.4, you can make Emacs use the old file dialog
-by setting the variable @code{x-use-old-gtk-file-dialog} to a non-@code{nil}
-value. If Emacs is built with a Gtk+ version that has only one file dialog,
-the setting of this variable has no effect.
+ A file selection window is a special kind of dialog box for asking
+for file names. You can customize the variable @code{use-file-dialog}
+to suppress the use of file selection windows, even if you still want
+other kinds of dialogs. This variable has no effect if you have
+suppressed all dialog boxes with the variable @code{use-dialog-box}.
+
+@vindex x-gtk-show-hidden-files
+ For Gtk+ version 2.4 and newer, Emacs use the Gtk+ file chooser
+dialog. Emacs adds a toggle button that enables and disables showing
+of hidden files (files starting with a dot) in that dialog. The
+variable @code{x-gtk-show-hidden-files} controls whether to show
+hidden files by default.
+
+@vindex x-gtk-use-old-file-dialog
+ For Gtk+ versions 2.4 through 2.10, you can select the old file
+dialog (@code{gtk-file-selector}) by setting the variable
+@code{x-gtk-use-old-file-dialog} to a non-@code{nil} value. If it is
+@code{nil}, Emacs uses @code{gtk-file-chooser}. If Emacs is built
+with a Gtk+ version that has only one file dialog, this variable has
+no effect.
+
+@vindex x-gtk-file-dialog-help-text
+ Emacs adds help text to the Gtk+ file chooser dialog. The variable
+@code{x-gtk-file-dialog-help-text} specifies the text to add; if it is
+@code{nil}, that disables the added text.
@node Tooltips
-@section Tooltips (or ``Balloon Help'')
+@section Tooltips
+@cindex tooltips
-@cindex balloon help
- Tooltips are small X windows displaying a help string at the current
-mouse position, typically over text---including the mode line---which
-can be activated with the mouse or other keys. (This facility is
-sometimes known as @dfn{balloon help}.) Help text may be available for
-menu items too.
+ @dfn{Tooltips} are small windows that display text information at the
+current mouse position. They activate when there is a pause in mouse
+movement. There are two types of tooltip: help tooltips and GUD
+tooltips.
+
+ @dfn{Help tooltips} typically display over text---including the mode
+line---but are also available for other parts of the Emacs frame, such
+as the tool bar and menu items.
@findex tooltip-mode
- To use tooltips, enable Tooltip mode with the command @kbd{M-x
-tooltip-mode}. The customization group @code{tooltip} controls
-various aspects of how tooltips work. When Tooltip mode is disabled,
-the help text is displayed in the echo area instead.
+ You can toggle display of help tooltips (Tooltip mode) with the
+command @kbd{M-x tooltip-mode}. When Tooltip mode is disabled, the
+help text is displayed in the echo area instead.
+
+ @dfn{GUD tooltips} show values of variables. They are useful when
+you are debugging a program. @xref{Debugger Operation}.
@vindex tooltip-delay
The variables @code{tooltip-delay} specifies how long Emacs should
@cindex mouse avoidance
@vindex mouse-avoidance-mode
-Mouse Avoidance mode keeps the window system mouse pointer away from
-point, to avoid obscuring text. Whenever it moves the mouse, it also
-raises the frame. To use Mouse Avoidance mode, customize the option
+Mouse Avoidance mode keeps the mouse pointer away from point, to avoid
+obscuring text you want to edit. Whenever it moves the mouse, it also
+raises the frame. To use Mouse Avoidance mode, customize the variable
@code{mouse-avoidance-mode}. You can set this to various values to
move the mouse in several ways:
@cindex non-window terminals
@cindex single-frame terminals
- If your terminal does not have a window system that Emacs supports,
-then it can display only one Emacs frame at a time. However, you can
-still create multiple Emacs frames, and switch between them. Switching
-frames on these terminals is much like switching between different
-window configurations.
+ On a text-only terminal, Emacs can display only one Emacs frame at a
+time. However, you can still create multiple Emacs frames, and switch
+between them. Switching frames on these terminals is much like
+switching between different window configurations.
Use @kbd{C-x 5 2} to create a new frame and switch to it; use @kbd{C-x
5 o} to cycle through the existing frames; use @kbd{C-x 5 0} to delete
@findex set-frame-name
@findex select-frame-by-name
- @samp{F@var{n}} is actually the frame's name. You can also specify a
-different name if you wish, and you can select a frame by its name. Use
-the command @kbd{M-x set-frame-name @key{RET} @var{name} @key{RET}} to
-specify a new name for the selected frame, and use @kbd{M-x
-select-frame-by-name @key{RET} @var{name} @key{RET}} to select a frame
-according to its name. The name you specify appears in the mode line
-when the frame is selected.
-
-@node XTerm Mouse
+ @samp{F@var{n}} is in fact the frame's initial name. You can give
+frames more meaningful names if you wish, and you can select a frame
+by its name. Use the command @kbd{M-x set-frame-name @key{RET}
+@var{name} @key{RET}} to specify a new name for the selected frame,
+and use @kbd{M-x select-frame-by-name @key{RET} @var{name} @key{RET}}
+to select a frame according to its name. The name you specify appears
+in the mode line when the frame is selected.
+
+@node Text-Only Mouse
@section Using a Mouse in Terminal Emulators
-@cindex xterm, mouse support
+@cindex mouse support
@cindex terminal emulators, mouse support
-Some terminal emulators under X support mouse clicks in the terminal
-window. In a terminal emulator which is compatible with @code{xterm},
-you can use @kbd{M-x xterm-mouse-mode} to enable simple use of the
-mouse---only single clicks are supported. The normal @code{xterm} mouse
-functionality is still available by holding down the @kbd{SHIFT} key
-when you press the mouse button. The Linux console supports this
-mode if it has support for the mouse enabled, e.g.@: using the
-@command{gpm} daemon.
+Some terminal emulators support mouse clicks in the terminal window.
+
+@cindex xterm
+In a terminal emulator which is compatible with @code{xterm},
+you can use @kbd{M-x xterm-mouse-mode} to give Emacs control over
+simple use of the mouse---basically, only non-modified single clicks
+are supported. The normal @code{xterm} mouse functionality for such
+clicks is still available by holding down the @kbd{SHIFT} key when you
+press the mouse button. Xterm Mouse mode is a global minor mode
+(@pxref{Minor Modes}). Repeating the command turns the mode off
+again.
+
+In the console on GNU/Linux, you can use @kbd{M-x t-mouse-mode}. You
+need to have the gpm package installed and running on your system in
+order for this to work.
@ignore
arch-tag: 7dcf3a31-a43b-45d4-a900-445b10d77e49
HCoop / bpt / emacs.git / blobdiff