@c The edition number appears in several places in this file
@set EDITION Sixteenth
-@set EMACSVER 22.1
+@set EMACSVER 22.1.50
@copying
-This is the @value{EDITION} edition of the @cite{GNU Emacs Manual},
+This is the @value{EDITION} edition of the @cite{GNU Emacs Manual},@*
updated for Emacs version @value{EMACSVER}.
Copyright @copyright{} 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,
-1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software
+1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.
@quotation
license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation
License.''
-(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify
-this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free
-Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.''
+(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You are free to copy and modify
+this GNU Manual. Buying copies from GNU Press supports the FSF in
+developing GNU and promoting software freedom.''
@end quotation
@end copying
@end direntry
@c in general, keep the following line commented out, unless doing a
-@c copy of this manual that will be published. the manual should go
+@c copy of this manual that will be published. The manual should go
@c onto the distribution in the full, 8.5 x 11" size.
+@c set smallbook
+@ifset smallbook
@smallbook
+@end ifset
@c per rms and peterb, use 10pt fonts for the main text, mostly to
-@c save on paper cost. Also do not declare @setchapternewpage odd.
+@c save on paper cost.
@c Do this inside @tex for now, so current makeinfo does not complain.
@tex
+@ifset smallbook
@fonttextsize 10
-\global\hbadness=6000 % don't worry about not-too-underfull boxes
+@set EMACSVER 22.1
+\global\let\urlcolor=\Black % don't print links in grayscale
+\global\let\linkcolor=\Black
+@end ifset
+\global\hbadness=6666 % don't worry about not-too-underfull boxes
@end tex
@defcodeindex op
@insertcopying
@sp 2
-ISBN 1-882114-06-X @*
Published by the Free Software Foundation @*
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor @*
-Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA @*
+ISBN 1-882114-86-8
@sp 2
Cover art by Etienne Suvasa.
it also explains that there is no warranty.
* GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation.
* Intro:: An introduction to Emacs concepts.
-* Glossary:: The glossary.
+* Glossary:: Terms used in this manual.
* Antinews:: Information about Emacs version 21.
* Mac OS:: Using Emacs in the Mac.
* Microsoft Windows:: Using Emacs on Microsoft Windows and MS-DOS.
"recursive editing level".
* Emulation:: Emulating some other editors with Emacs.
* Hyperlinking:: Following links in buffers.
-* Thumbnails:: Browsing images using thumbnails.
* Dissociated Press:: Dissociating text for fun.
* Amusements:: Various games and hacks.
* Customization:: Modifying the behavior of Emacs.
* Contributing:: How to contribute improvements to Emacs.
* Service:: How to get help for your own Emacs needs.
-Detailed Node Listing
----------------------
+@c Do NOT modify the following 3 lines! They must have this form to
+@c be correctly identified by `texinfo-multiple-files-update'. In
+@c particular, the detailed menu header line MUST be identical to the
+@c value of `texinfo-master-menu-header'. See texnfo-upd.el.
+
+@detailmenu
+ --- The Detailed Node Listing ---
+ ---------------------------------
Here are some other nodes which are really inferiors of the ones
already listed, mentioned here so you can get to them in one step:
* Minibuffer History:: Reusing recent minibuffer arguments.
* Repetition:: Re-executing commands that used the minibuffer.
+Completion
+
+* Example: Completion Example. Examples of using completion.
+* Commands: Completion Commands. A list of completion commands.
+* Strict Completion:: Different types of completion.
+* Options: Completion Options. Options for completion.
+
Help
* Help Summary:: Brief list of all Help commands.
* Killing by Lines:: How to kill entire lines of text at one time.
* Other Kill Commands:: Commands to kill large regions of text and
syntactic units such as words and sentences.
-* Graphical Kill:: The kill ring on graphical displays:
- yanking between applications.
* CUA Bindings:: Using @kbd{C-x}, @kbd{C-c}, @kbd{C-v} for copy
and paste, with enhanced rectangle support.
* Word Search:: Search for sequence of words.
* Regexp Search:: Search for match for a regexp.
* Regexps:: Syntax of regular expressions.
+* Regexp Backslash:: Regular expression constructs starting with `\'.
+* Regexp Example:: A complex regular expression explained.
* Search Case:: To ignore case while searching, or not.
* Replace:: Search, and replace some or all matches.
* Other Repeating Search:: Operating on all matches for some regexp.
+Incremental Search
+
+* Basic Isearch:: Basic incremental search commands.
+* Repeat Isearch:: Searching for the same string again.
+* Error in Isearch:: When your string is not found.
+* Special Isearch:: Special input in incremental search.
+* Non-ASCII Isearch:: How to search for non-ASCII characters.
+* Isearch Yank:: Commands that grab text into the search string
+ or else edit the search string.
+* Highlight Isearch:: Isearch highlights the other possible matches.
+* Isearch Scroll:: Scrolling during an incremental search.
+* Slow Isearch:: Incremental search features for slow terminals.
+
Replacement Commands
* Unconditional Replace:: Replacing all matches for a string.
* Visiting:: Visiting a file prepares Emacs to edit the file.
* Saving:: Saving makes your changes permanent.
* Reverting:: Reverting cancels all the changes not saved.
+* Autorevert:: Auto Reverting non-file buffers.
* Auto Save:: Auto Save periodically protects against loss of data.
* File Aliases:: Handling multiple names for one file.
* Version Control:: Version control systems (RCS, CVS and SCCS).
* File Shadowing:: Copying files to "shadows" automatically.
* Time Stamps:: Emacs can update time stamps on saved files.
+Backup Files
+
+* One or Many: Numbered Backups. Whether to make one backup file or many.
+* Names: Backup Names. How backup files are named.
+* Deletion: Backup Deletion. Emacs deletes excess numbered backups.
+* Copying: Backup Copying. Backups can be made by copying or renaming.
+
+Auto-Saving: Protection Against Disasters
+
+* Files: Auto Save Files. The file where auto-saved changes are
+ actually made until you save the file.
+* Control: Auto Save Control. Controlling when and how often to auto-save.
+* Recover:: Recovering text from auto-save files.
+
Version Control
* Introduction to VC:: How version control works in general.
* Old Versions:: Examining and comparing old versions.
* Secondary VC Commands:: The commands used a little less frequently.
* Branches:: Multiple lines of development.
+* Remote Repositories:: Efficient access to remote CVS servers.
+* Snapshots:: Sets of file versions treated as a unit.
+* Miscellaneous VC:: Various other commands and features of VC.
+* Customizing VC:: Variables that change VC's behavior.
Using Multiple Buffers
* Change Window:: Deleting windows and changing their sizes.
* Window Convenience:: Convenience functions for window handling.
-Frames and X Windows
+Frames and Graphical Displays
-* Mouse Commands:: Moving, cutting, and pasting, with the mouse.
-* Secondary Selection:: Cutting without altering point and mark.
-* Clipboard:: Using the clipboard for selections.
+* Cut and Paste:: Mouse commands for cut and paste.
* Mouse References:: Using the mouse to select an item from a list.
* Menu Mouse Clicks:: Mouse clicks that bring up menus.
* Mode Line Mouse:: Mouse clicks on the mode line.
* Adaptive Fill:: How Emacs can determine the fill prefix automatically.
* Longlines:: Editing text with very long lines.
+Outline Mode
+
+* Format: Outline Format. What the text of an outline looks like.
+* Motion: Outline Motion. Special commands for moving through
+ outlines.
+* Visibility: Outline Visibility. Commands to control what is visible.
+* Views: Outline Views. Outlines and multiple views.
+* Foldout:: Folding means zooming in on outlines.
+
+@TeX{} Mode
+
+* Editing: TeX Editing. Special commands for editing in TeX mode.
+* LaTeX: LaTeX Editing. Additional commands for LaTeX input files.
+* Printing: TeX Print. Commands for printing part of a file with TeX.
+* Misc: TeX Misc. Customization of TeX mode, and related features.
+
+Editing Formatted Text
+
+* Requesting Formatted Text:: Entering and exiting Enriched mode.
+* Hard and Soft Newlines:: There are two different kinds of newlines.
+* Editing Format Info:: How to edit text properties.
+* Faces: Format Faces. Bold, italic, underline, etc.
+* Color: Format Colors. Changing the color of text.
+* Indent: Format Indentation. Changing the left and right margins.
+* Justification: Format Justification.
+ Centering, setting text flush with the
+ left or right margin, etc.
+* Other: Format Properties. The "special" text properties submenu.
+* Forcing Enriched Mode:: How to force use of Enriched mode.
+
+Editing Text-based Tables
+
+* Table Definition:: What is a text based table.
+* Table Creation:: How to create a table.
+* Table Recognition:: How to activate and deactivate tables.
+* Cell Commands:: Cell-oriented commands in a table.
+* Cell Justification:: Justifying cell contents.
+* Row Commands:: Manipulating rows of table cell.
+* Column Commands:: Manipulating columns of table cell.
+* Fixed Width Mode:: Fixing cell width.
+* Table Conversion:: Converting between plain text and tables.
+* Measuring Tables:: Analyzing table dimension.
+* Table Misc:: Table miscellany.
+
Editing Programs
* Program Modes:: Major modes for editing programs.
* C Modes:: Special commands of C, C++, Objective-C,
Java, and Pike modes.
* Asm Mode:: Asm mode and its special features.
+* Fortran:: Fortran mode and its special features.
Top-Level Definitions, or Defuns
Manipulating Comments
-* Comment Commands:: Inserting, killing, and indenting comments.
+* Comment Commands:: Inserting, killing, and aligning comments.
* Multi-Line Comments:: Commands for adding and editing multi-line comments.
* Options for Comments::Customizing the comment features.
* Format of ChangeLog:: What the change log file looks like.
* Tags:: Go direct to any function in your program in one
command. Tags remembers which file it is in.
+* Emerge:: A convenient way of merging two versions of a program.
Tags Tables
* Transforming File Names:: Using patterns to rename multiple files.
* Comparison in Dired:: Running `diff' by way of Dired.
* Subdirectories in Dired:: Adding subdirectories to the Dired buffer.
+* Subdir Switches:: Subdirectory switches in Dired.
* Subdirectory Motion:: Moving across subdirectories, and up and down.
* Hiding Subdirectories:: Making subdirectories visible or invisible.
* Dired Updating:: Discarding lines for files of no interest.
* Dired and Find:: Using `find' to choose the files for Dired.
* Wdired:: Operating on files by editing the Dired buffer.
+* Image-Dired:: Viewing image thumbnails in Dired
* Misc Dired Features:: Various other features.
The Calendar and the Diary
* Scroll Calendar:: Bringing earlier or later months onto the screen.
* Counting Days:: How many days are there between two dates?
* General Calendar:: Exiting or recomputing the calendar.
-* LaTeX Calendar:: Print a calendar using LaTeX.
+* Writing Calendar Files:: Writing calendars to files of various formats.
* Holidays:: Displaying dates of holidays.
* Sunrise/Sunset:: Displaying local times of sunrise and sunset.
* Lunar Phases:: Displaying phases of the moon.
* Diary:: Displaying events from your diary.
* Appointments:: Reminders when it's time to do something.
* Importing Diary:: Converting diary events to/from other formats.
-* Daylight Savings:: How to specify when daylight savings time is active.
+* Daylight Saving:: How to specify when daylight saving time is active.
* Time Intervals:: Keeping track of time intervals.
+* Advanced Calendar/Diary Usage:: Advanced Calendar/Diary customization.
Movement in the Calendar
* Invoking emacsclient:: Emacs client startup options.
+Printing Hard Copies
+
+* PostScript:: Printing buffers or regions as PostScript.
+* PostScript Variables:: Customizing the PostScript printing commands.
+* Printing Package:: An optional advanced printing interface.
+
Hyperlinking and Navigation Features
* Browse-URL:: Following URLs.
* Init Rebinding:: Rebinding keys with your init file, @file{.emacs}.
* Function Keys:: Rebinding terminal function keys.
* Named ASCII Chars:: Distinguishing @key{TAB} from @kbd{C-i}, and so on.
-* Non-ASCII Rebinding:: Rebinding non-@acronym{ASCII} characters such as Latin-1.
* Mouse Buttons:: Rebinding mouse buttons in Emacs.
* Disabling:: Disabling a command means confirmation is required
before it can be executed. This is done to protect
* Init Examples:: How to do some things with an init file.
* Terminal Init:: Each terminal type can have an init file.
* Find Init:: How Emacs finds the init file.
+* Init Non-ASCII:: Using non-@acronym{ASCII} characters in an init file.
Dealing with Emacs Trouble
* Mac Font Specs:: Specifying fonts on Mac.
* Mac Functions:: Mac-specific Lisp functions.
-Emacs and Microsoft Windows
+Emacs and Microsoft Windows/MS-DOS
* Text and Binary:: Text files use CRLF to terminate lines.
* Windows Files:: File-name conventions on Windows.
* Windows Processes:: Running subprocesses on Windows.
* Windows Printing:: How to specify the printer on MS-Windows.
* Windows Misc:: Miscellaneous Windows features.
+* MS-DOS:: Using Emacs on MS-DOS (otherwise known as @dfn{MS-DOG}).
+@end detailmenu
@end menu
@iftex
Abrahamsson, Jay K.@: Adams, Michael Albinus, Nagy Andras, Ralf
Angeli, Joe Arceneaux, Miles Bader, David Bakhash, Juanma Barranquero,
Eli Barzilay, Steven L.@: Baur, Jay Belanger, Alexander L.@: Belikoff,
-Boaz Ben-Zvi, Karl Berry, Ray Blaak, Jim Blandy, Johan Bockg@aa{}rd,
+Boaz Ben-Zvi, Karl Berry, Anna M.@: Bigatti, Ray Blaak, Jim Blandy, Johan Bockg@aa{}rd,
Per Bothner, Terrence Brannon, Frank Bresz, Peter Breton, Emmanuel
Briot, Kevin Broadey, Vincent Broman, David M.@: Brown, Georges
Brun-Cottan, Joe Buehler, W@l{}odek Bzyl, Bill Carpenter, Per
Oscar Figueiredo, Fred Fish, Karl Fogel, Gary Foster, Romain
Francoise, Noah Friedman, Andreas Fuchs, Hallvard Furuseth, Keith
Gabryelski, Peter S.@: Galbraith, Kevin Gallagher, Kevin Gallo, Juan
-Le@'{o}n Lahoz Garc@'{i}a, Howard Gayle, Stephen Gildea, Julien
+Le@'{o}n Lahoz Garc@'{@dotless{i}}a, Howard Gayle, Stephen Gildea, Julien
Gilles, David Gillespie, Bob Glickstein, Deepak Goel, Boris Goldowsky,
Michelangelo Grigni, Odd Gripenstam, Kai Gro@ss{}johann, Michael
Gschwind, Henry Guillaume, Doug Gwyn, Ken'ichi Handa, Lars Hansen,
Holst, Jeffrey C.@: Honig, Kurt Hornik, Tom Houlder, Joakim Hove,
Denis Howe, Lars Ingebrigtsen, Andrew Innes, Seiichiro Inoue, Pavel
Janik, Paul Jarc, Ulf Jasper, Michael K. Johnson, Kyle Jones, Terry
-Jones, Simon Josefsson, Arne J@/orgensen, Tomoji Kagatani, Brewster
+Jones, Simon Josefsson, Arne J@o{}rgensen, Tomoji Kagatani, Brewster
Kahle, Lute Kamstra, David Kastrup, David Kaufman, Henry Kautz, Taichi
Kawabata, Howard Kaye, Michael Kifer, Richard King, Peter Kleiweg,
Shuhei Kobayashi, Pavel Kobiakov, Larry K.@: Kolodney, David M.@:
Schmid, Michael Schmidt, Ronald S. Schnell, Philippe Schnoebelen, Jan
Schormann, Alex Schroeder, Stephen Schoef, Raymond Scholz, Randal
Schwartz, Oliver Seidel, Manuel Serrano, Hovav Shacham, Stanislav
-Shalunov, Mark Shapiro, Richard Sharman, Olin Shivers, Espen Skoglund,
+Shalunov, Marc Shapiro, Richard Sharman, Olin Shivers, Espen Skoglund,
Rick Sladkey, Lynn Slater, Chris Smith, David Smith, Paul D.@: Smith,
Andre Spiegel, Michael Staats, William Sommerfeld, Michael Staats,
Reiner Steib, Sam Steingold, Ake Stenhoff, Peter Stephenson, Ken
@node Copying, GNU Free Documentation License, Service, Top
@appendix GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
-@center Version 2, June 1991
-
-@display
-Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
-
-Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
-of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
-@end display
-
-@unnumberedsec Preamble
-
- The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
-freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
-License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
-software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
-General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
-Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
-using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
-the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
-your programs, too.
-
- When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
-price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
-have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
-this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
-if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
-in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
-
- To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
-anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
-These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
-distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
-
- For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
-gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
-you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
-source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
-rights.
-
- We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
-(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
-distribute and/or modify the software.
-
- Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
-that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
-software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
-want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
-that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
-authors' reputations.
-
- Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
-patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
-program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
-program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
-patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
-
- The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
-modification follow.
-
-@iftex
-@unnumberedsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
-@end iftex
-@ifnottex
-@center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
-@end ifnottex
-
-@enumerate 0
-@item
-This License applies to any program or other work which contains
-a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
-under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program,'' below,
-refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program''
-means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
-that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
-either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
-language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
-the term ``modification.'') Each licensee is addressed as ``you.''
-
-Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
-covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
-running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
-is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
-Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
-Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
-
-@item
-You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
-source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
-conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
-copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
-notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
-and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
-along with the Program.
-
-You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
-you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
-
-@item
-You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
-of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
-distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
-above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
-
-@enumerate a
-@item
-You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
-stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
-
-@item
-You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
-whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
-part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
-parties under the terms of this License.
-
-@item
-If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
-when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
-interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
-announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
-notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
-a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
-these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
-License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
-does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
-the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
-@end enumerate
-
-These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
-identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
-and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
-themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
-sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
-distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
-on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
-this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
-entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
-
-Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
-your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
-exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
-collective works based on the Program.
-
-In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
-with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
-a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
-the scope of this License.
-
-@item
-You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
-under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
-Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
-
-@enumerate a
-@item
-Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
-source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
-1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
-
-@item
-Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
-years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
-cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
-machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
-distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
-customarily used for software interchange; or,
-
-@item
-Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
-to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
-allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
-received the program in object code or executable form with such
-an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
-@end enumerate
-
-The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
-making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
-code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
-associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
-control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
-special exception, the source code distributed need not include
-anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
-form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
-operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
-itself accompanies the executable.
-
-If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
-access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
-access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
-distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
-compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
-
-@item
-You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
-except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
-otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
-void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
-However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
-this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
-parties remain in full compliance.
-
-@item
-You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
-signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
-distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
-prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
-modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
-Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
-all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
-the Program or works based on it.
-
-@item
-Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
-Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
-original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
-these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
-restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
-You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
-this License.
-
-@item
-If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
-infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
-conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
-otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
-excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
-distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
-License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
-may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
-license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
-all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
-the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
-refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
-
-If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
-any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
-apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
-circumstances.
-
-It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
-patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
-such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
-integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
-implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
-generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
-through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
-system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
-to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
-impose that choice.
-
-This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
-be a consequence of the rest of this License.
-
-@item
-If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
-certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
-original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
-may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
-those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
-countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
-the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
-
-@item
-The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
-of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
-be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
-address new problems or concerns.
-
-Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
-specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any
-later version,'' you have the option of following the terms and conditions
-either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
-Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
-this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
-Foundation.
-
-@item
-If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
-programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
-to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
-Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
-make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
-of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
-of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
-
-@iftex
-@heading NO WARRANTY
-@end iftex
-@ifnottex
-@center NO WARRANTY
-@end ifnottex
-
-@item
-BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
-FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW@. EXCEPT WHEN
-OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
-PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
-OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
-TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU@. SHOULD THE
-PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
-REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
-
-@item
-IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
-WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
-REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
-INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
-OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
-TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
-YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
-PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
-POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
-@end enumerate
-
-@iftex
-@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-@end iftex
-@ifnottex
-@center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-@end ifnottex
-
-@page
-@unnumberedsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
-
- If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
-possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
-free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
-
- To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
-to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
-convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
-the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
-
-@smallexample
-@var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.}
-Copyright (C) @var{yyyy} @var{name of author}
-
-This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
-as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
-of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@. See the
-GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
-with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
-@end smallexample
-
-Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
-
-If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
-when it starts in an interactive mode:
-
-@smallexample
-Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) @var{yyyy} @var{name of author}
-Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
-type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
-to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
-for details.
-@end smallexample
-
-The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
-the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
-commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and
-@samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever
-suits your program.
-
-You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
-school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if
-necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
-
-@smallexample
-@group
-Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
-interest in the program `Gnomovision'
-(which makes passes at compilers) written
-by James Hacker.
-
-@var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989
-Ty Coon, President of Vice
-@end group
-@end smallexample
-
-This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
-proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
-consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
-library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
-Public License instead of this License.
+@include gpl.texi
+@node GNU Free Documentation License, Emacs Invocation, Copying, Top
+@appendix GNU Free Documentation License
@include doclicense.texi
+
@include cmdargs.texi
-@iftex
-@include xresmini.texi
-@end iftex
-@ifnottex
@include xresources.texi
-@end ifnottex
@include anti.texi
@include macos.texi
HCoop / bpt / emacs.git / blobdiff