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a917e3f2 JB |
1 | Building and Installing Emacs on Windows |
2 | (from 95 to 7 and beyond) | |
a4a9692d | 3 | |
95df8112 | 4 | Copyright (C) 2001-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
7f6d64f8 | 5 | See the end of the file for license conditions. |
4b994b84 | 6 | |
0939da72 EZ |
7 | * For the impatient |
8 | ||
9 | Here are the concise instructions for configuring and building the | |
195e32b7 EZ |
10 | native Windows binary of Emacs, for those who want to skip the |
11 | complex explanations and ``just do it'': | |
0939da72 | 12 | |
029e4603 RS |
13 | Do not use this recipe with Cygwin. For building on Cygwin, |
14 | use the normal installation instructions, ../INSTALL. | |
15 | ||
0939da72 EZ |
16 | 1. Change to the `nt' directory (the directory of this file): |
17 | ||
18 | cd nt | |
19 | ||
20 | 2. Run configure.bat. From the COMMAND.COM/CMD.EXE command prompt: | |
21 | ||
22 | configure | |
23 | ||
24 | from a Unixy shell prompt: | |
25 | ||
26 | cmd /c configure.bat | |
27 | or | |
28 | command.com /c configure.bat | |
29 | ||
30 | 3. Run the Make utility suitable for your environment. If you build | |
309c91ff EZ |
31 | with the Microsoft's Visual C compiler (but see notes about using |
32 | VC++ 8.0 and later below): | |
0939da72 EZ |
33 | |
34 | nmake | |
35 | ||
36 | For the development environments based on GNU GCC (MinGW, MSYS, | |
ac70d20b JR |
37 | Cygwin - but see notes about Cygwin make below), depending on how |
38 | Make is called, it could be: | |
0939da72 EZ |
39 | |
40 | make | |
ac70d20b JR |
41 | or |
42 | mingw32-make | |
0939da72 EZ |
43 | or |
44 | gnumake | |
45 | or | |
46 | gmake | |
47 | ||
ee6f37f2 | 48 | (If you are building from Bazaar, say "make bootstrap" or "nmake |
e84b63f1 EZ |
49 | bootstrap" instead, and avoid using Cygwin make.) |
50 | ||
51 | With GNU Make, you can use the -j command-line option to have | |
52 | Make execute several commands at once, like this: | |
53 | ||
ecfd8ceb | 54 | gmake -j 2 XMFLAGS="-j 2" |
e84b63f1 EZ |
55 | |
56 | The XMFLAGS variable overrides the default behavior of GNU Make | |
57 | on Windows, whereby recursive Make invocations reset the maximum | |
58 | number of simultaneous commands to 1. The above command allows | |
59 | up to 4 simultaneous commands at once in the top-level Make, and | |
60 | up to 3 in each one of the recursive Make's. | |
0939da72 | 61 | |
ee6f37f2 KF |
62 | 4. Generate the Info manuals (only if you are building out of Bazaar, |
63 | and if you have makeinfo.exe installed): | |
0939da72 EZ |
64 | |
65 | make info | |
66 | ||
67 | (change "make" to "nmake" if you use MSVC). | |
68 | ||
69 | 5. Install the produced binaries: | |
70 | ||
71 | make install | |
72 | ||
73 | That's it! | |
74 | ||
75 | If these short instructions somehow fail, read the rest of this | |
76 | file. | |
77 | ||
78 | * Preliminaries | |
79 | ||
195e32b7 | 80 | If you want to build a Cygwin port of Emacs, use the instructions in |
0d801288 | 81 | the INSTALL file in the main Emacs directory (the parent of this |
195e32b7 EZ |
82 | directory). These instructions are for building a native Windows |
83 | binary of Emacs. | |
84 | ||
12d70bbb EZ |
85 | If you used WinZip to unpack the distribution, we suggest to |
86 | remove the files and unpack again with a different program! | |
87 | WinZip is known to create some subtle and hard to debug problems, | |
177c0ea7 | 88 | such as converting files to DOS CR-LF format, not creating empty |
12d70bbb EZ |
89 | directories, etc. We suggest to use djtarnt.exe from the GNU FTP |
90 | site. | |
91 | ||
ee6f37f2 | 92 | In addition to this file, you should also read INSTALL.BZR in the |
591cbed1 EZ |
93 | parent directory, and make sure that you have a version of |
94 | "touch.exe" in your path, and that it will create files that do not | |
95 | yet exist. | |
589a591b | 96 | |
0939da72 EZ |
97 | * Supported development environments |
98 | ||
bbf5b365 JR |
99 | To compile Emacs, you will need either Microsoft Visual C++ 2.0, or |
100 | later up to 7.0, and nmake, or a Windows port of GCC 2.95 or later | |
101 | with MinGW and W32 API support and a port of GNU Make. You can use | |
102 | the Cygwin ports of GCC, but Emacs requires the MinGW headers and | |
103 | libraries to build (latest versions of the Cygwin toolkit, at least | |
104 | since v1.3.3, include the MinGW headers and libraries as an integral | |
105 | part). | |
106 | ||
d226db8c EZ |
107 | Note that building Emacs with Visual Studio 2005 (VC++ 8.0) and |
108 | later is not supported at this time, due to changes introduced by | |
109 | Microsoft into the libraries shipped with the compiler. | |
ecfd8ceb | 110 | |
0939da72 EZ |
111 | The rest of this file assumes you have a working development |
112 | environment. If you just installed such an environment, try | |
113 | building a trivial C "Hello world" program, and see if it works. If | |
5376eb82 EZ |
114 | it doesn't work, resolve that problem first! If you use Microsoft |
115 | Visual Studio .NET 2003, don't forget to run the VCVARS32.BAT batch | |
116 | file from the `Bin' subdirectory of the directory where you have | |
117 | installed VS.NET. | |
0939da72 | 118 | |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
119 | If you use the MinGW port of GCC and GNU Make to build Emacs, there |
120 | are some compatibility issues wrt Make and the shell that is run by | |
121 | Make, either the standard COMMAND.COM/CMD.EXE supplied with Windows | |
6d96d18f | 122 | or sh.exe, a port of a Unixy shell. For reference, below is a list |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
123 | of which builds of GNU Make are known to work or not, and whether |
124 | they work in the presence and/or absence of sh.exe, the Cygwin port | |
1640b452 | 125 | of Bash. Note that any version of Make that is compiled with Cygwin |
6d96d18f | 126 | will only work with Cygwin tools, due to the use of Cygwin style |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
127 | paths. This means Cygwin Make is unsuitable for building parts of |
128 | Emacs that need to invoke Emacs itself (leim and "make bootstrap", | |
129 | for example). Also see the Trouble-shooting section below if you | |
130 | decide to go ahead and use Cygwin make. | |
b147d297 | 131 | |
1640b452 JB |
132 | In addition, using 4NT or TCC as your shell is known to fail the build |
133 | process, at least since 4NT version 3.01. Use CMD.EXE, the default | |
134 | Windows shell, instead. MSYS sh.exe also appears to cause various | |
135 | problems. If you have MSYS installed, try "make SHELL=cmd.exe" to | |
136 | force the use of cmd.exe instead of sh.exe. | |
177c0ea7 | 137 | |
4bcec9a2 EZ |
138 | sh exists no sh |
139 | ||
fc813ef6 | 140 | cygwin b20.1 make (3.75): fails[1, 5] fails[2, 5] |
4bcec9a2 EZ |
141 | MSVC compiled gmake 3.77: okay okay |
142 | MSVC compiled gmake 3.78.1: okay okay | |
143 | MSVC compiled gmake 3.79.1: okay okay | |
bf95665f | 144 | mingw32/gcc-2.92.2 make (3.77): okay okay[4] |
fc813ef6 JR |
145 | cygwin compiled gmake 3.77: fails[1, 5] fails[2, 5] |
146 | cygwin compiled make 3.78.1: fails[5] fails[2, 5] | |
147 | cygwin compiled make 3.79.1: fails[3, 5] fails[2?, 5] | |
16fb735f EZ |
148 | cygwin compiled make 3.80: okay[6] fails?[7] |
149 | cygwin compiled make 3.81: fails fails?[7] | |
177c0ea7 | 150 | mingw32 compiled make 3.79.1: okay okay |
16fb735f EZ |
151 | mingw32 compiled make 3.80: okay okay[7] |
152 | mingw32 compiled make 3.81: okay okay[8] | |
4bcec9a2 EZ |
153 | |
154 | Notes: | |
155 | ||
156 | [1] doesn't cope with makefiles with DOS line endings, so must mount | |
157 | emacs source with text!=binary. | |
158 | [2] fails when needs to invoke shell commands; okay invoking gcc etc. | |
fc813ef6 | 159 | [3] requires LC_MESSAGES support to build; cannot build with early |
a917e3f2 | 160 | versions of Cygwin. |
4bcec9a2 | 161 | [4] may fail on Windows 9X and Windows ME; if so, install Bash. |
fc813ef6 JR |
162 | [5] fails when building leim due to the use of cygwin style paths. |
163 | May work if building emacs without leim. | |
16fb735f EZ |
164 | [6] need to uncomment 3 lines in nt/gmake.defs that invoke `cygpath' |
165 | (look for "cygpath" near line 85 of gmake.defs). | |
166 | [7] not recommended; please report if you try this combination. | |
167 | [8] tested only on Windows XP. | |
4bcec9a2 | 168 | |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
169 | Other compilers may work, but specific reports from people that have |
170 | tried suggest that the Intel C compiler (for example) may produce an | |
5739d6f8 | 171 | Emacs executable with strange filename completion behavior. Unless |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
172 | you would like to assist by finding and fixing the cause of any bugs |
173 | like this, we recommend the use of the supported compilers mentioned | |
174 | in the previous paragraph. | |
175 | ||
a917e3f2 JB |
176 | You will also need a copy of the POSIX cp, rm and mv programs. These |
177 | and other useful POSIX utilities can be obtained from one of several | |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
178 | projects: |
179 | ||
0939da72 | 180 | * http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/ ( GnuWin32 ) |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
181 | * http://www.mingw.org/ ( MinGW ) |
182 | * http://www.cygwin.com/ ( Cygwin ) | |
183 | * http://unxutils.sourceforge.net/ ( UnxUtils ) | |
6c72c0c7 | 184 | |
a917e3f2 JB |
185 | If you build Emacs on 16-bit versions of Windows (9X or ME), we |
186 | suggest to install the Cygwin port of Bash. That is because the | |
187 | native Windows shell COMMAND.COM is too limited; the Emacs build | |
188 | procedure tries very hard to support even such limited shells, but | |
189 | as none of the Windows developers of Emacs work on Windows 9X, we | |
190 | cannot guarantee that it works without a more powerful shell. | |
6c72c0c7 EZ |
191 | |
192 | Additional instructions and help for building Emacs on Windows can be | |
193 | found at the Emacs Wiki: | |
194 | ||
0939da72 | 195 | http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/WThirtyTwoInstallationKit |
6c72c0c7 | 196 | |
309c91ff | 197 | and on these URLs: |
6c72c0c7 | 198 | |
0939da72 | 199 | http://ourcomments.org/Emacs/w32-build-emacs.html |
309c91ff EZ |
200 | http://derekslager.com/blog/posts/2007/01/emacs-hack-3-compile-emacs-from-cvs-on-windows.ashx |
201 | ||
ee6f37f2 KF |
202 | Both of those pages were written before Emacs switched from CVS to |
203 | Bazaar, but the parts about building Emacs still apply in Bazaar. | |
204 | The second URL has instructions for building with MSVC, as well as | |
205 | with MinGW, while the first URL covers only MinGW, but has more | |
206 | details about it. | |
6c72c0c7 | 207 | |
6d76a603 | 208 | * Configuring |
a4a9692d | 209 | |
da179dd0 | 210 | Configuration of Emacs is now handled by running configure.bat in the |
0939da72 | 211 | `nt' subdirectory. It will detect which compiler you have available, |
da179dd0 AI |
212 | and generate makefiles accordingly. You can override the compiler |
213 | detection, and control optimization and debug settings, by specifying | |
214 | options on the command line when invoking configure. | |
a4a9692d | 215 | |
da179dd0 | 216 | To configure Emacs to build with GCC or MSVC, whichever is available, |
0939da72 | 217 | simply change to the `nt' subdirectory and run `configure.bat' with no |
da179dd0 | 218 | options. To see what options are available, run `configure --help'. |
23636b09 EZ |
219 | Do NOT use the --no-debug option to configure.bat unless you are |
220 | absolutely sure the produced binaries will never need to be run under | |
221 | a debugger. | |
a4a9692d | 222 | |
4a1a6b5b BK |
223 | Because of limitations of the stock Windows command shells, special |
224 | care is needed to pass some characters in the arguments of the | |
225 | --cflags and --ldflags options. Backslashes should not be used in | |
226 | file names passed to the compiler and linker via these options. Use | |
227 | forward slashes instead. If the arguments to these two options | |
228 | include the `=' character, like when passing a -DFOO=bar preprocessor | |
229 | option, the argument with the `=' character should be enclosed in | |
230 | quotes, like this: | |
231 | ||
232 | configure --cflags "-DFOO=bar" | |
233 | ||
234 | Support for options that include the `=' character require "command | |
235 | extensions" to be enabled. (They are enabled by default, but your | |
236 | system administrator could have changed that. See "cmd /?" for | |
237 | details.) If command extensions are disabled, a warning message might | |
238 | be displayed informing you that "using parameters that include the = | |
239 | character by enclosing them in quotes will not be supported." | |
6072fed4 | 240 | |
17d4e22c AI |
241 | N.B. It is normal to see a few error messages output while configure |
242 | is running, when gcc support is being tested. These cannot be | |
a917e3f2 | 243 | suppressed because of limitations in the Windows 9X command.com shell. |
17d4e22c | 244 | |
591cbed1 EZ |
245 | You are encouraged to look at the file config.log which shows details |
246 | for failed tests, after configure.bat finishes. Any unexplained failure | |
247 | should be investigated and perhaps reported as a bug (see the section | |
248 | about reporting bugs in the file README in this directory and in the | |
249 | Emacs manual). | |
250 | ||
bfd889ed JR |
251 | * Optional image library support |
252 | ||
3dfbc6d8 | 253 | In addition to its "native" image formats (pbm and xbm), Emacs can |
8bc63b1a | 254 | handle other image types: xpm, tiff, gif, png, jpeg and experimental |
707a78b2 | 255 | support for svg. |
6d96d18f | 256 | |
8bc63b1a JR |
257 | To build Emacs with support for them, the corresponding headers must |
258 | be in the include path when the configure script is run. This can | |
259 | be setup using environment variables, or by specifying --cflags | |
260 | -I... options on the command-line to configure.bat. The configure | |
261 | script will report whether it was able to detect the headers. If | |
262 | the results of this testing appear to be incorrect, please look for | |
263 | details in the file config.log: it will show the failed test | |
264 | programs and compiler error messages that should explain what is | |
265 | wrong. (Usually, any such failures happen because some headers are | |
266 | missing due to bad packaging of the image support libraries.) | |
bfd889ed | 267 | |
a917e3f2 JB |
268 | Note that any file path passed to the compiler or linker must use |
269 | forward slashes; using backslashes will cause compiler warnings or | |
270 | errors about unrecognized escape sequences. | |
271 | ||
3dfbc6d8 | 272 | To use the external image support, the DLLs implementing the |
bd7bdff8 JB |
273 | functionality must be found when Emacs first needs them, either on the |
274 | PATH, or in the same directory as emacs.exe. Failure to find a | |
275 | library is not an error; the associated image format will simply be | |
276 | unavailable. Note that once Emacs has determined that a library can | |
277 | not be found, there's no way to force it to try again, other than | |
2e288d54 | 278 | restarting. See the variable `dynamic-library-alist' to configure the |
bd7bdff8 | 279 | expected names of the libraries. |
3dfbc6d8 JB |
280 | |
281 | Some image libraries have dependencies on one another, or on zlib. | |
282 | For example, tiff support depends on the jpeg library. If you did not | |
283 | compile the libraries yourself, you must make sure that any dependency | |
5739d6f8 | 284 | is in the PATH or otherwise accessible and that the binaries are |
3dfbc6d8 JB |
285 | compatible (for example, that they were built with the same compiler). |
286 | ||
287 | Binaries for the image libraries (among many others) can be found at | |
a74722ee JR |
288 | the GnuWin32 project. PNG, JPEG and TIFF libraries are also |
289 | included with GTK, which is installed along with other Free Software | |
290 | that requires it. These are built with MinGW, but they can be used | |
291 | with both GCC/MinGW and MSVC builds of Emacs. See the info on | |
55fcf5c6 EZ |
292 | http://ourcomments.org/Emacs/w32-build-emacs.html, under "How to Get |
293 | Images Support", for more details about installing image support | |
294 | libraries. Note specifically that, due to some packaging snafus in | |
295 | the GnuWin32-supplied image libraries, you will need to download | |
296 | _source_ packages for some of the libraries in order to get the | |
297 | header files necessary for building Emacs with image support. | |
bfd889ed | 298 | |
a74722ee JR |
299 | If GTK 2.0 is installed, addpm will arrange for its image libraries |
300 | to be on the DLL search path for Emacs. | |
301 | ||
5be1c984 EZ |
302 | For PNG images, we recommend to use versions 1.4.x and later of |
303 | libpng, because previous versions had security issues. You can find | |
304 | precompiled libraries and headers on the GTK download page for | |
305 | Windows (http://www.gtk.org/download-windows.html). | |
306 | ||
307 | Versions 1.4.0 and later of libpng are binary incompatible with | |
308 | earlier versions, so Emacs will only look for libpng libraries which | |
309 | are compatible with the version it was compiled against. That | |
310 | version is given by the value of the Lisp variable `libpng-version'; | |
3d4cad2c | 311 | e.g., 10403 means version 1.4.3. The variable `dynamic-library-alist' |
5be1c984 EZ |
312 | is automatically set to name only those DLL names that are known to |
313 | be compatible with the version given by `libpng-version'. If PNG | |
314 | support does not work for you even though you have the support DLL | |
315 | installed, check the name of the installed DLL against | |
3d4cad2c | 316 | `dynamic-library-alist' and the value of `libpng-version', and |
5be1c984 EZ |
317 | download compatible DLLs if needed. |
318 | ||
fd4af8d9 TZ |
319 | * Optional GnuTLS support |
320 | ||
321 | You can build Emacs with GnuTLS support. Put the gnutls/gnutls.h header in | |
322 | the include path and link to the appropriate libraries (gnutls.dll and | |
323 | gcrypt.dll) with the --lib option. | |
324 | ||
325 | You can get pre-built binaries and an installer at | |
326 | http://josefsson.org/gnutls4win/. | |
327 | ||
8bc63b1a JR |
328 | * Experimental SVG support |
329 | ||
330 | SVG support is currently experimental, and not built by default. | |
331 | Specify --with-svg and ensure you have all the dependencies in your | |
1640b452 | 332 | include path. Unless you have built a minimalist librsvg yourself |
8bc63b1a | 333 | (untested), librsvg depends on a significant chunk of GTK+ to build, |
1640b452 | 334 | plus a few Gnome libraries, libxml2, libbz2 and zlib at runtime. The |
8bc63b1a JR |
335 | easiest way to obtain the dependencies required for building is to |
336 | download a pre-bundled GTK+ development environment for Windows. | |
337 | GTK puts its header files all over the place, so you will need to | |
338 | run pkgconfig to list the include path you will need (either passed | |
339 | to configure.bat as --cflags options, or set in the environment). | |
340 | ||
341 | To use librsvg at runtime, ensure that librsvg and its dependencies | |
342 | are on your PATH. If you didn't build librsvg yourself, you will | |
343 | need to check with where you downloaded it from for the | |
344 | dependencies, as there are different build options. If it is a | |
345 | short list, then it most likely only lists the immediate | |
346 | dependencies of librsvg, but the dependencies themselves have | |
347 | dependencies - so don't download individual libraries from GTK+, | |
1640b452 | 348 | download and install the whole thing. If you think you've got all |
8bc63b1a JR |
349 | the dependencies and SVG support is still not working, check your |
350 | PATH for other libraries that shadow the ones you downloaded. | |
351 | Libraries of the same name from different sources may not be | |
352 | compatible, this problem was encountered with libbzip2 from GnuWin32 | |
353 | with libcroco from gnome.org. | |
354 | ||
355 | If you can see etc/images/splash.svg, then you have managed to get | |
356 | SVG support working. Congratulations for making it through DLL hell | |
1640b452 | 357 | to this point. You'll probably find that some SVG images crash |
8bc63b1a JR |
358 | Emacs. Problems have been observed in some images that contain |
359 | text, they seem to be a problem in the Windows port of Pango, or | |
360 | maybe a problem with the way Cairo or librsvg is using it that | |
361 | doesn't show up on other platforms. | |
362 | ||
6d76a603 | 363 | * Building |
a4a9692d | 364 | |
da179dd0 AI |
365 | After running configure, simply run the appropriate `make' program for |
366 | your compiler to build Emacs. For MSVC, this is nmake; for GCC, it is | |
ee6f37f2 | 367 | GNU make. (If you are building out of Bazaar, say "make bootstrap" or |
0939da72 | 368 | "nmake bootstrap" instead.) |
a4a9692d | 369 | |
da179dd0 AI |
370 | As the files are compiled, you will see some warning messages |
371 | declaring that some functions don't return a value, or that some data | |
372 | conversions will be lossy, etc. You can safely ignore these messages. | |
373 | The warnings may be fixed in the main FSF source at some point, but | |
374 | until then we will just live with them. | |
a4a9692d | 375 | |
e84b63f1 EZ |
376 | With GNU Make, you can use the -j command-line option to have Make |
377 | execute several commands at once, like this: | |
378 | ||
379 | gmake -j 4 XMFLAGS="-j 3" | |
380 | ||
381 | The XMFLAGS variable overrides the default behavior of GNU Make on | |
382 | Windows, whereby recursive Make invocations reset the maximum number | |
383 | of simultaneous commands to 1. The above command allows up to 4 | |
384 | simultaneous commands at once in the top-level Make, and up to 3 in | |
385 | each one of the recursive Make's; you can use other numbers of jobs, | |
386 | if you wish. | |
387 | ||
ee6f37f2 KF |
388 | If you are building from Bazaar, the following commands will produce |
389 | the Info manuals (which are not part of the Bazaar sources): | |
0939da72 EZ |
390 | |
391 | make info | |
392 | or | |
393 | nmake info | |
394 | ||
c6911ab9 EZ |
395 | Note that you will need makeinfo.exe (from the GNU Texinfo package) |
396 | in order for this command to succeed. | |
397 | ||
6d76a603 | 398 | * Installing |
a4a9692d | 399 | |
0fc7be80 EZ |
400 | To install Emacs after it has compiled, simply run `nmake install' |
401 | or `make install', depending on which version of the Make utility | |
402 | do you have. | |
a4a9692d | 403 | |
da179dd0 AI |
404 | By default, Emacs will be installed in the location where it was |
405 | built, but a different location can be specified either using the | |
406 | --prefix option to configure, or by setting INSTALL_DIR when running | |
407 | make, like so: | |
a4a9692d | 408 | |
da179dd0 | 409 | make install INSTALL_DIR=D:/emacs |
a4a9692d | 410 | |
0fc7be80 EZ |
411 | (for `nmake', type "nmake install INSTALL_DIR=D:/emacs" instead). |
412 | ||
da179dd0 AI |
413 | The install process will run addpm to setup the registry entries, and |
414 | to create a Start menu icon for Emacs. | |
a4a9692d | 415 | |
5739d6f8 JR |
416 | * Make targets |
417 | ||
418 | The following make targets may be used by users building the source | |
ee6f37f2 | 419 | distribution, or users who have checked out of Bazaar after |
5739d6f8 JR |
420 | an initial bootstrapping. |
421 | ||
422 | make | |
423 | Builds Emacs from the available sources and pre-compiled lisp files. | |
424 | ||
425 | make install | |
426 | Installs programs to the bin directory, and runs addpm to create | |
427 | Start Menu icons. | |
428 | ||
429 | make clean | |
430 | Removes object and executable files produced by the build process in | |
431 | the current configuration. After make clean, you can rebuild with | |
432 | the same configuration using make. | |
433 | ||
434 | make distclean | |
435 | In addition to the files removed by make clean, this also removes | |
436 | Makefiles and other generated files to get back to the state of a | |
1640b452 | 437 | freshly unpacked source distribution. Note that this will not remove |
5739d6f8 JR |
438 | installed files, or the results of builds performed with different |
439 | compiler or optimization options than the current configuration. | |
440 | After make distclean, it is necessary to run configure.bat followed | |
441 | by make to rebuild. | |
442 | ||
443 | make cleanall | |
444 | Removes object and executable files that may have been created by | |
445 | previous builds with different configure options, in addition to | |
446 | the files produced by the current configuration. | |
447 | ||
448 | make realclean | |
449 | Removes the installed files in the bin subdirectory in addition to | |
450 | the files removed by make cleanall. | |
451 | ||
e3aef5c6 CS |
452 | make dist |
453 | Builds Emacs from the available sources and pre-compiled lisp files. | |
454 | Packages Emacs binaries as full distribution and barebin distribution. | |
5739d6f8 | 455 | |
ee6f37f2 | 456 | The following targets are intended only for use with the Bazaar sources. |
5739d6f8 JR |
457 | |
458 | make bootstrap | |
459 | Creates a temporary emacs binary with lisp source files and | |
460 | uses it to compile the lisp files. Once the lisp files are built, | |
461 | emacs is redumped with the compiled lisp. | |
462 | ||
463 | make recompile | |
ee6f37f2 | 464 | Recompiles any changed lisp files after an update. This saves |
5739d6f8 JR |
465 | doing a full bootstrap after every update. If this or a subsequent |
466 | make fail, you probably need to perform a full bootstrap, though | |
467 | running this target multiple times may eventually sort out the | |
468 | interdependencies. | |
469 | ||
470 | make maintainer-clean | |
471 | Removes everything that can be recreated, including compiled lisp | |
ee6f37f2 | 472 | files, to get back to the state of a fresh Bazaar tree. After make |
5739d6f8 JR |
473 | maintainer-clean, it is necessary to run configure.bat and make |
474 | bootstrap to rebuild. Occasionally it may be necessary to run this | |
ee6f37f2 | 475 | target after an update. |
5739d6f8 | 476 | |
e3aef5c6 CS |
477 | * Creating binary distributions |
478 | ||
479 | Binary distributions (full and barebin distributions) can be | |
480 | automatically built and packaged from source tarballs or a bzr | |
481 | checkout. | |
482 | ||
483 | When building Emacs binary distributions, the --distfiles argument | |
484 | to configure.bat specifies files to be included in the bin directory | |
485 | of the binary distributions. This is intended for libraries that are | |
486 | not built as part of Emacs, e.g. image libraries. | |
487 | ||
488 | For example, specifying | |
489 | ||
490 | --distfiles D:\distfiles\libXpm.dll | |
491 | ||
492 | results in libXpm.dll being copied from D:\distfiles to the | |
493 | bin directory before packaging starts. | |
494 | ||
495 | Multiple files can be specified using multiple --distfiles arguments: | |
496 | ||
497 | --distfiles D:\distfiles\libXpm.dll --distfiles C:\jpeglib\jpeg.dll | |
498 | ||
499 | For packaging the binary distributions, the 'dist' make target uses | |
500 | 7-Zip (http://www.7-zip.org), which must be installed and available | |
501 | on the Windows Path. | |
502 | ||
5739d6f8 | 503 | |
6d76a603 | 504 | * Trouble-shooting |
a4a9692d | 505 | |
da179dd0 | 506 | The main problems that are likely to be encountered when building |
bd7bdff8 | 507 | Emacs stem from using an old version of GCC, or old MinGW or W32 API |
a917e3f2 | 508 | headers. Additionally, Cygwin ports of GNU make may require the Emacs |
da179dd0 AI |
509 | source tree to be mounted with text!=binary, because the makefiles |
510 | generated by configure.bat necessarily use DOS line endings. Also, | |
a917e3f2 | 511 | Cygwin ports of make must run in UNIX mode, either by specifying |
da179dd0 | 512 | --unix on the command line, or MAKE_MODE=UNIX in the environment. |
a4a9692d | 513 | |
da179dd0 AI |
514 | When configure runs, it attempts to detect when GCC itself, or the |
515 | headers it is using, are not suitable for building Emacs. GCC version | |
516 | 2.95 or later is needed, because that is when the Windows port gained | |
517 | sufficient support for anonymous structs and unions to cope with some | |
a25fe288 JR |
518 | definitions from winnt.h that are used by addsection.c. |
519 | Older versions of the W32 API headers that come with Cygwin and MinGW | |
520 | may be missing some definitions required by Emacs, or broken in other | |
4a00b4b3 | 521 | ways. In particular, uniscribe APIs were added to MinGW CVS only on |
a25fe288 | 522 | 2006-03-26, so releases from before then cannot be used. |
a4a9692d | 523 | |
591cbed1 EZ |
524 | When in doubt about correctness of what configure did, look at the file |
525 | config.log, which shows all the failed test programs and compiler | |
526 | messages associated with the failures. If that doesn't give a clue, | |
527 | please report the problems, together with the relevant fragments from | |
528 | config.log, as bugs. | |
529 | ||
4bcec9a2 EZ |
530 | If configure succeeds, but make fails, install the Cygwin port of |
531 | Bash, even if the table above indicates that Emacs should be able to | |
532 | build without sh.exe. (Some versions of Windows shells are too dumb | |
533 | for Makefile's used by Emacs.) | |
534 | ||
8481e41e | 535 | If you are using certain Cygwin builds of GCC, such as Cygwin version |
6d76a603 AI |
536 | 1.1.8, you may need to specify some extra compiler flags like so: |
537 | ||
538 | configure --with-gcc --cflags -mwin32 --cflags -D__MSVCRT__ | |
315746cc | 539 | --ldflags -mwin32 |
6d76a603 | 540 | |
8481e41e EZ |
541 | However, the latest Cygwin versions, such as 1.3.3, don't need those |
542 | switches; you can simply use "configure --with-gcc". | |
543 | ||
6d76a603 AI |
544 | We will attempt to auto-detect the need for these flags in a future |
545 | release. | |
546 | ||
547 | * Debugging | |
a4a9692d | 548 | |
da179dd0 AI |
549 | You should be able to debug Emacs using the debugger that is |
550 | appropriate for the compiler you used, namely DevStudio or Windbg if | |
23636b09 EZ |
551 | compiled with MSVC, or GDB if compiled with GCC. (GDB for Windows |
552 | is available from the MinGW site, http://www.mingw.org/download.shtml.) | |
3a817827 EZ |
553 | |
554 | When Emacs aborts due to a fatal internal error, Emacs on Windows | |
555 | pops up an Emacs Abort Dialog asking you whether you want to debug | |
556 | Emacs or terminate it. If Emacs was built with MSVC, click YES | |
557 | twice, and Windbg or the DevStudio debugger will start up | |
558 | automatically. If Emacs was built with GCC, first start GDB and | |
559 | attach it to the Emacs process with the "gdb -p EMACS-PID" command, | |
560 | where EMACS-PID is the Emacs process ID (which you can see in the | |
561 | Windows Task Manager), type the "continue" command inside GDB, and | |
562 | only then click YES on the abort dialog. This will pass control to | |
563 | the debugger, and you will be able to debug the cause of the fatal | |
564 | error. | |
da179dd0 AI |
565 | |
566 | Emacs functions implemented in C use a naming convention that reflects | |
567 | their names in lisp. The names of the C routines are the lisp names | |
568 | prefixed with 'F', and with dashes converted to underscores. For | |
569 | example, the function call-process is implemented in C by | |
570 | Fcall_process. Similarly, lisp variables are prefixed with 'V', again | |
571 | with dashes converted to underscores. These conventions enable you to | |
572 | easily set breakpoints or examine familiar lisp variables by name. | |
573 | ||
574 | Since Emacs data is often in the form of a lisp object, and the | |
3a817827 EZ |
575 | Lisp_Object type is difficult to examine manually in a debugger, |
576 | Emacs provides a helper routine called debug_print that prints out a | |
577 | readable representation of a Lisp_Object. If you are using GDB, | |
578 | there is a .gdbinit file in the src directory which provides | |
579 | definitions that are useful for examining lisp objects. Therefore, | |
580 | the following tips are mainly of interest when using MSVC. | |
581 | ||
582 | The output from debug_print is sent to stderr, and to the debugger | |
583 | via the OutputDebugString routine. The output sent to stderr should | |
584 | be displayed in the console window that was opened when the | |
585 | emacs.exe executable was started. The output sent to the debugger | |
586 | should be displayed in its "Debug" output window. | |
da179dd0 AI |
587 | |
588 | When you are in the process of debugging Emacs and you would like to | |
5739d6f8 | 589 | examine the contents of a Lisp_Object variable, pop up the QuickWatch |
da179dd0 AI |
590 | window (QuickWatch has an eyeglass symbol on its button in the |
591 | toolbar). In the text field at the top of the window, enter | |
592 | debug_print(<variable>) and hit return. For example, start and run | |
593 | Emacs in the debugger until it is waiting for user input. Then click | |
594 | on the Break button in the debugger to halt execution. Emacs should | |
595 | halt in ZwUserGetMessage waiting for an input event. Use the Call | |
596 | Stack window to select the procedure w32_msp_pump up the call stack | |
597 | (see below for why you have to do this). Open the QuickWatch window | |
598 | and enter debug_print(Vexec_path). Evaluating this expression will | |
599 | then print out the contents of the lisp variable exec-path. | |
600 | ||
601 | If QuickWatch reports that the symbol is unknown, then check the call | |
602 | stack in the Call Stack window. If the selected frame in the call | |
603 | stack is not an Emacs procedure, then the debugger won't recognize | |
604 | Emacs symbols. Instead, select a frame that is inside an Emacs | |
605 | procedure and try using debug_print again. | |
606 | ||
607 | If QuickWatch invokes debug_print but nothing happens, then check the | |
608 | thread that is selected in the debugger. If the selected thread is | |
609 | not the last thread to run (the "current" thread), then it cannot be | |
610 | used to execute debug_print. Use the Debug menu to select the current | |
611 | thread and try using debug_print again. Note that the debugger halts | |
612 | execution (e.g., due to a breakpoint) in the context of the current | |
613 | thread, so this should only be a problem if you've explicitly switched | |
614 | threads. | |
4b994b84 | 615 | |
7f6d64f8 GM |
616 | \f |
617 | This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
4b994b84 | 618 | |
eef0be9e | 619 | GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify |
7f6d64f8 | 620 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
eef0be9e GM |
621 | the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or |
622 | (at your option) any later version. | |
4b994b84 | 623 | |
7f6d64f8 GM |
624 | GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
625 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
626 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
627 | GNU General Public License for more details. | |
628 | ||
629 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
eef0be9e | 630 | along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |