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c89da685 | 1 | .\" See section COPYING for copyright and redistribution information. |
288f9fc0 | 2 | .TH EMACS 1 "2007 April 13" "GNU Emacs 24.0.50" |
cbe77461 GM |
3 | . |
4 | . | |
5 | .SH NAME | |
6 | emacs \- GNU project Emacs | |
7 | . | |
8 | . | |
9 | .SH SYNOPSIS | |
10 | .B emacs | |
11 | [ | |
12 | .I command-line switches | |
13 | ] [ | |
14 | .I files ...\& | |
15 | ] | |
16 | . | |
17 | . | |
18 | .SH DESCRIPTION | |
19 | .I GNU Emacs | |
20 | is a version of | |
21 | .IR Emacs , | |
22 | written by the author of the original (PDP-10) | |
23 | .IR Emacs , | |
24 | Richard Stallman. | |
8fe7200c CY |
25 | The user functionality of GNU Emacs encompasses everything other |
26 | editors do, and it is easily extensible since its editing commands are | |
27 | written in Lisp. | |
28 | .PP | |
cbe77461 GM |
29 | The primary documentation of GNU Emacs is in the GNU Emacs Manual, |
30 | which you can read using Info, either from Emacs or as a standalone | |
31 | program. | |
32 | Please look there for complete and up-to-date documentation. | |
8fe7200c | 33 | This man page is updated only when someone volunteers to do so. |
cbe77461 GM |
34 | .PP |
35 | .I Emacs | |
36 | has an extensive interactive help facility, | |
37 | but the facility assumes that you know how to manipulate | |
38 | .I Emacs | |
39 | windows and buffers. | |
40 | CTRL-h or F1 enters the Help facility. | |
8fe7200c | 41 | Help Tutorial (CTRL-h t) starts an interactive tutorial to quickly |
cbe77461 | 42 | teach beginners the fundamentals of |
8fe7200c CY |
43 | .I Emacs. |
44 | Help Apropos (CTRL-h a) helps you find a command given its | |
45 | functionality, Help Key (CTRL-h k) describes a given key sequence, and | |
46 | Help Function (CTRL-h f) describes a given Lisp function. | |
cbe77461 GM |
47 | .PP |
48 | .IR "GNU Emacs" 's | |
49 | many special packages handle mail reading (RMail) and sending (Mail), | |
50 | outline editing (Outline), compiling (Compile), running subshells | |
51 | within | |
52 | .I Emacs | |
53 | windows (Shell), running a Lisp read-eval-print loop | |
54 | (Lisp-Interaction-Mode), automated psychotherapy (Doctor), and much more. | |
cbe77461 GM |
55 | . |
56 | .SS Emacs Options | |
57 | The following options are of general interest: | |
58 | .RS | |
59 | .TP 8 | |
60 | .I file | |
61 | Edit | |
62 | .IR file . | |
63 | .TP | |
64 | .BI \-\-file " file\fR,\fP " \-\-find-file " file\fR,\fP " \-\-visit " file" | |
65 | The same as specifying | |
66 | .I file | |
67 | directly as an argument. | |
68 | .TP | |
69 | .BI + number | |
70 | Go to the line specified by | |
71 | .I number | |
72 | (do not insert a space between the "+" sign and | |
73 | the number). | |
74 | This applies only to the next file specified. | |
75 | .TP | |
76 | .BI + line:column | |
77 | Go to the specified | |
78 | .I line | |
79 | and | |
80 | .IR column . | |
81 | .TP | |
82 | .BR \-q ", " \-\-no\-init\-file | |
83 | Do not load an init file. | |
84 | .TP | |
85 | .B \-\-no\-site\-file | |
86 | Do not load the site-wide startup file. | |
87 | .TP | |
88 | .B \-\-no\-desktop | |
89 | Do not load a saved desktop. | |
90 | .TP | |
cbe77461 | 91 | .BR \-Q ", " \-\-quick |
8fe7200c CY |
92 | Similar to "\-q \-\-no\-site\-file \-\-no\-splash". Also, avoid |
93 | processing X resources. | |
cbe77461 GM |
94 | .TP |
95 | .B \-\-no\-splash | |
96 | Do not display a splash screen during start-up. | |
97 | .TP | |
98 | .B \-\-debug\-init | |
99 | Enable | |
100 | .I Emacs | |
101 | Lisp debugger during the processing of the user init file | |
102 | .BR ~/.emacs . | |
103 | This is useful for debugging problems in the init file. | |
104 | .TP | |
105 | .BI \-u " user\fR,\fP " \-\-user " user" | |
106 | Load | |
107 | .IR user 's | |
108 | init file. | |
109 | .TP | |
110 | .BI \-t " file\fR,\fP " \-\-terminal " file" | |
111 | Use specified | |
112 | .I file | |
113 | as the terminal instead of using stdin/stdout. | |
114 | This must be the first argument specified in the command line. | |
115 | .TP | |
8fe7200c CY |
116 | .B \-\-daemon |
117 | Start Emacs as a daemon, enabling the Emacs server and disconnecting | |
118 | from the terminal. You can then use the emacsclient command to | |
119 | connect to the server (see | |
120 | .BR emacsclient (1)). | |
cbe77461 GM |
121 | .TP |
122 | .B \-\-version | |
123 | Display | |
124 | .I Emacs | |
125 | version information and exit. | |
126 | .TP | |
127 | .B \-\-help | |
128 | Display this help and exit. | |
129 | .RE | |
130 | .PP | |
8fe7200c | 131 | The following options are Lisp-oriented |
cbe77461 GM |
132 | (these options are processed in the order encountered): |
133 | .RS | |
134 | .TP 8 | |
135 | .BI \-f " function\fR,\fP " \-\-funcall " function" | |
136 | Execute the lisp function | |
137 | .IR function . | |
138 | .TP | |
139 | .BI \-l " file\fR,\fP " \-\-load " file" | |
140 | Load the lisp code in the file | |
141 | .IR file . | |
142 | .TP | |
143 | .BI \-\-eval " expr\fR,\fP " \-\-execute " expr" | |
144 | Evaluate the Lisp expression | |
145 | .IR expr . | |
146 | .RE | |
147 | .PP | |
148 | The following options are useful when running | |
149 | .I Emacs | |
150 | as a batch editor: | |
151 | .RS | |
152 | .TP 8 | |
153 | .B \-\-batch | |
154 | Edit in batch mode. | |
155 | The editor will send messages to stderr. | |
cbe77461 GM |
156 | You must use \-l and \-f options to specify files to execute |
157 | and functions to call. | |
158 | .TP | |
159 | .BI \-\-script " file" | |
160 | Run | |
161 | .I file | |
162 | as an Emacs Lisp script. | |
163 | .TP | |
164 | .BI \-\-insert " file" | |
165 | Insert contents of | |
166 | .I file | |
167 | into the current buffer. | |
168 | .TP | |
169 | .B \-\-kill | |
170 | Exit | |
171 | .I Emacs | |
172 | while in batch mode. | |
173 | .TP | |
174 | .BI \-L " dir\fR,\fP " \-\-directory " dir" | |
175 | Add | |
176 | .I dir | |
177 | to the list of directories | |
178 | .I Emacs | |
179 | searches for Lisp files. | |
180 | .RE | |
181 | . | |
182 | .\" START DELETING HERE IF YOU'RE NOT USING X | |
183 | .SS Using Emacs with X | |
184 | .I Emacs | |
185 | has been tailored to work well with the X window system. | |
186 | If you run | |
187 | .I Emacs | |
188 | from under X windows, it will create its own X window to | |
189 | display in. | |
190 | You will probably want to start the editor as a background | |
191 | process so that you can continue using your original window. | |
192 | .PP | |
193 | .I Emacs | |
194 | can be started with the following X switches: | |
195 | .RS | |
196 | .TP 8 | |
197 | .BI \-\-name " name" | |
198 | Specify the name which should be assigned to the initial | |
199 | .I Emacs | |
200 | window. | |
201 | This controls looking up X resources as well as the window title. | |
202 | .TP | |
203 | .BI \-T " name\fR,\fP " \-\-title " name" | |
204 | Specify the title for the initial X window. | |
205 | .TP | |
206 | .BR \-r ", " \-rv ", " \-\-reverse\-video | |
207 | Display the | |
208 | .I Emacs | |
209 | window in reverse video. | |
210 | .TP | |
211 | .BI \-fn " font\fR,\fP " \-\-font " font" | |
212 | Set the | |
213 | .I Emacs | |
214 | window's font to that specified by | |
215 | .IR font . | |
216 | You will find the various | |
217 | .I X | |
218 | fonts in the | |
219 | .I /usr/lib/X11/fonts | |
220 | directory. | |
221 | Note that | |
222 | .I Emacs | |
223 | will only accept fixed width fonts. | |
224 | Under the X11 Release 4 font-naming conventions, any font with the | |
225 | value "m" or "c" in the eleventh field of the font name is a fixed | |
226 | width font. | |
227 | Furthermore, fonts whose name are of the form | |
228 | .IR width x height | |
229 | are generally fixed width, as is the font | |
230 | .IR fixed . | |
231 | See | |
232 | .BR xlsfonts (1) | |
233 | for more information. | |
234 | ||
235 | When you specify a font, be sure to put a space between the | |
236 | switch and the font name. | |
237 | .TP | |
238 | .BI \-\-xrm " resources" | |
239 | Set additional X resources. | |
240 | .TP | |
241 | .BI "\-\-color\fR,\fP \-\-color=" mode | |
242 | Override color mode for character terminals; | |
243 | .I mode | |
244 | defaults to `auto', and can also be `never', `auto', `always', | |
245 | or a mode name like `ansi8'. | |
246 | .TP | |
247 | .BI \-bw " pixels\fR,\fP " \-\-border\-width " pixels" | |
248 | Set the | |
249 | .I Emacs | |
250 | window's border width to the number of pixels specified by | |
251 | .IR pixels . | |
252 | Defaults to one pixel on each side of the window. | |
253 | .TP | |
254 | .BI \-ib " pixels\fR,\fP " \-\-internal\-border " pixels" | |
255 | Set the window's internal border width to the number of pixels specified | |
256 | by | |
257 | .IR pixels . | |
258 | Defaults to one pixel of padding on each side of the window. | |
259 | .TP | |
260 | .BI \-g " geometry\fR,\fP " \-\-geometry " geometry" | |
261 | Set the | |
262 | .I Emacs | |
263 | window's width, height, and position as specified. | |
264 | The geometry specification is in the standard X format; see | |
265 | .BR X (7) | |
266 | for more information. | |
267 | The width and height are specified in characters; the default is | |
268 | 80 by 24. | |
269 | See the Emacs manual, section "Options for Window Size and Position", | |
270 | for information on how window sizes interact | |
271 | with selecting or deselecting the tool bar and menu bar. | |
272 | .TP | |
273 | .BI \-lsp " pixels\fR,\fP " \-\-line\-spacing " pixels" | |
274 | Additional space to put between lines. | |
275 | .TP | |
276 | .BR \-vb ", " \-\-vertical\-scroll\-bars | |
277 | Enable vertical scrollbars. | |
278 | .TP | |
279 | .BR \-fh ", " \-\-fullheight | |
280 | Make the first frame as high as the screen. | |
281 | .TP | |
282 | .BR \-fs ", " \-\-fullscreen | |
283 | Make the first frame fullscreen. | |
284 | .TP | |
285 | .BR \-fw ", " \-\-fullwidth | |
286 | Make the first frame as wide as the screen. | |
287 | .TP | |
8fe7200c CY |
288 | .BR \-mm ", " \-\-maximized |
289 | Maximize the first frame, like "\-fw \-fh". | |
290 | .TP | |
cbe77461 GM |
291 | .BI \-fg " color\fR,\fP " \-\-foreground\-color " color" |
292 | On color displays, set the color of the text. | |
293 | ||
294 | Use the command | |
295 | .I M\-x list\-colors\-display | |
296 | for a list of valid color names. | |
297 | .TP | |
298 | .BI \-bg " color\fR,\fP " \-\-background\-color " color" | |
299 | On color displays, set the color of the window's background. | |
300 | .TP | |
301 | .BI \-bd " color\fR,\fP " \-\-border\-color " color" | |
302 | On color displays, set the color of the window's border. | |
303 | .TP | |
304 | .BI \-cr " color\fR,\fP " \-\-cursor\-color " color" | |
305 | On color displays, set the color of the window's text cursor. | |
306 | .TP | |
307 | .BI \-ms " color\fR,\fP " \-\-mouse\-color " color" | |
308 | On color displays, set the color of the window's mouse cursor. | |
309 | .TP | |
310 | .BI \-d " displayname\fR,\fP " \-\-display " displayname" | |
311 | Create the | |
312 | .I Emacs | |
313 | window on the display specified by | |
314 | .IR displayname . | |
315 | Must be the first option specified in the command line. | |
316 | .TP | |
317 | .BR \-nbi ", " \-\-no\-bitmap\-icon | |
318 | Do not use picture of gnu for Emacs icon. | |
319 | .TP | |
320 | .B \-\-iconic | |
321 | Start | |
322 | .I Emacs | |
323 | in iconified state. | |
324 | .TP | |
325 | .BR \-nbc ", " \-\-no\-blinking\-cursor | |
326 | Disable blinking cursor. | |
327 | .TP | |
328 | .BR \-nw ", " \-\-no\-window\-system | |
329 | Tell | |
330 | .I Emacs | |
8fe7200c | 331 | not to create a graphical frame. |
cbe77461 GM |
332 | If you use this switch when invoking |
333 | .I Emacs | |
334 | from an | |
335 | .BR xterm (1) | |
336 | window, display is done in that window. | |
337 | .TP | |
338 | .BR \-D ", " \-\-basic\-display | |
339 | This option disables many display features; use it for | |
340 | debugging Emacs. | |
341 | .RE | |
342 | .PP | |
343 | You can set | |
344 | .I X | |
345 | default values for your | |
346 | .I Emacs | |
347 | windows in your | |
348 | .I \.Xresources | |
349 | file (see | |
350 | .BR xrdb (1)). | |
351 | Use the following format: | |
352 | .IP | |
353 | .RI emacs. keyword : value | |
354 | .PP | |
355 | where | |
356 | .I value | |
357 | specifies the default value of | |
358 | .IR keyword . | |
359 | .I Emacs | |
360 | lets you set default values for the following keywords: | |
361 | .RS | |
362 | .TP 8 | |
363 | .BR background " (class " Background ) | |
364 | For color displays, | |
365 | sets the window's background color. | |
366 | .TP | |
367 | .BR bitmapIcon " (class " BitmapIcon ) | |
368 | If | |
369 | .BR bitmapIcon 's | |
370 | value is set to | |
371 | .IR on , | |
372 | the window will iconify into the "kitchen sink." | |
373 | .TP | |
374 | .BR borderColor " (class " BorderColor ) | |
375 | For color displays, | |
376 | sets the color of the window's border. | |
377 | .TP | |
378 | .BR borderWidth " (class " BorderWidth ) | |
379 | Sets the window's border width in pixels. | |
380 | .TP | |
381 | .BR cursorColor " (class " Foreground ) | |
382 | For color displays, | |
383 | sets the color of the window's text cursor. | |
384 | .TP | |
385 | .BR cursorBlink " (class " CursorBlink ) | |
386 | Specifies whether to make the cursor blink. | |
387 | The default is | |
388 | .IR on . | |
389 | Use | |
390 | .I off | |
391 | or | |
392 | .I false | |
393 | to turn cursor blinking off. | |
394 | .TP | |
395 | .BR font " (class " Font ) | |
396 | Sets the window's text font. | |
397 | .TP | |
398 | .BR foreground " (class " Foreground ) | |
399 | For color displays, | |
400 | sets the window's text color. | |
401 | .TP | |
402 | .BR fullscreen " (class " Fullscreen ) | |
403 | The desired fullscreen size. | |
404 | The value can be one of | |
405 | .IR fullboth , | |
406 | .IR fullwidth , | |
407 | or | |
408 | .IR fullheight , | |
409 | which correspond to the command-line options `\-fs', `\-fw', and | |
410 | `\-fh', respectively. | |
411 | Note that this applies to the initial frame only. | |
412 | .TP | |
413 | .BR geometry " (class " Geometry ) | |
414 | Sets the geometry of the | |
415 | .I Emacs | |
416 | window (as described above). | |
417 | .TP | |
418 | .BR iconName " (class " Title ) | |
419 | Sets the icon name for the | |
420 | .I Emacs | |
421 | window icon. | |
422 | .TP | |
423 | .BR internalBorder " (class " BorderWidth ) | |
424 | Sets the window's internal border width in pixels. | |
425 | .TP | |
426 | .BR lineSpacing " (class " LineSpacing ) | |
427 | Additional space ("leading") between lines, in pixels. | |
428 | .TP | |
429 | .BR menuBar " (class " MenuBar ) | |
430 | Gives frames menu bars if | |
431 | .IR on ; | |
432 | don't have menu bars if | |
433 | .IR off . | |
434 | See the Emacs manual, sections "Lucid Resources" and "LessTif | |
435 | Resources", for how to control the appearance of the menu bar | |
436 | if you have one. | |
437 | .TP | |
438 | .BR minibuffer " (class " Minibuffer ) | |
439 | If | |
440 | .IR none , | |
441 | don't make a minibuffer in this frame. | |
442 | It will use a separate minibuffer frame instead. | |
443 | .TP | |
444 | .BR paneFont " (class " Font ) | |
445 | Font name for menu pane titles, in non-toolkit versions of | |
446 | .IR Emacs . | |
447 | .TP | |
448 | .BR pointerColor " (class " Foreground ) | |
449 | For color displays, | |
450 | sets the color of the window's mouse cursor. | |
451 | .TP | |
452 | .BR privateColormap " (class " PrivateColormap ) | |
453 | If | |
454 | .IR on , | |
455 | use a private color map, in the case where the "default | |
456 | visual" of class | |
457 | .B PseudoColor | |
458 | and | |
459 | .B Emacs | |
460 | is using it. | |
461 | .TP | |
462 | .BR reverseVideo " (class " ReverseVideo ) | |
463 | If | |
464 | .BR reverseVideo 's | |
465 | value is set to | |
466 | .IR on , | |
467 | the window will be displayed in reverse video. | |
468 | .TP | |
469 | .BR screenGamma " (class "ScreenGamma ) | |
470 | Gamma correction for colors, equivalent to the frame parameter | |
471 | `screen\-gamma'. | |
472 | .TP | |
473 | .BR scrollBarWidth " (class "ScrollBarWidth ) | |
474 | The scroll bar width in pixels, equivalent to the frame parameter | |
475 | `scroll\-bar\-width'. | |
476 | .TP | |
477 | .BR selectionFont " (class " SelectionFont ) | |
478 | Font name for pop-up menu items, in non-toolkit versions of | |
479 | .IR Emacs . | |
480 | (For toolkit versions, see the Emacs manual, sections | |
481 | "Lucid Resources" and "LessTif Resources".) | |
482 | .TP | |
483 | .BR selectionTimeout " (class " SelectionTimeout ) | |
484 | Number of milliseconds to wait for a selection reply. | |
485 | A value of 0 means wait as long as necessary. | |
486 | .TP | |
487 | .BR synchronous " (class " Synchronous ) | |
488 | Run Emacs in synchronous mode if | |
489 | .IR on . | |
490 | Synchronous mode is useful for debugging X problems. | |
491 | .TP | |
492 | .BR title " (class " Title ) | |
493 | Sets the title of the | |
494 | .I Emacs | |
495 | window. | |
496 | .TP | |
497 | .BR toolBar " (class " ToolBar ) | |
498 | Number of lines to reserve for the tool bar. | |
499 | .TP | |
500 | .BR useXIM " (class " UseXIM ) | |
501 | Turns off use of X input methods (XIM) if | |
502 | .I false | |
503 | or | |
504 | .IR off . | |
505 | .TP | |
506 | .BR verticalScrollBars " (class " ScrollBars ) | |
507 | Gives frames scroll bars if | |
508 | .IR on ; | |
509 | suppresses scroll bars if | |
510 | .IR off . | |
511 | .TP | |
512 | .BR visualClass " (class " VisualClass ) | |
513 | Specify the "visual" that X should use. | |
514 | This tells X how to handle colors. | |
515 | The value should start with one of | |
516 | .IR TrueColor , | |
517 | .IR PseudoColor , | |
518 | .IR DirectColor , | |
519 | .IR StaticColor , | |
520 | .IR GrayScale , | |
521 | and | |
522 | .IR StaticGray , | |
523 | followed by | |
524 | .BI \- depth\fR,\fP | |
525 | where | |
526 | .I depth | |
527 | is the number of color planes. | |
528 | .RE | |
cbe77461 GM |
529 | . |
530 | .SH MANUALS | |
531 | You can order printed copies of the GNU Emacs Manual from the Free | |
532 | Software Foundation, which develops GNU software. | |
533 | See the file ORDERS for ordering information. | |
534 | .br | |
535 | Your local Emacs maintainer might also have copies available. | |
536 | As with all software and publications from FSF, everyone is permitted | |
537 | to make and distribute copies of the Emacs manual. | |
538 | The TeX source to the manual is also included in the Emacs source | |
539 | distribution. | |
540 | . | |
541 | . | |
542 | .SH FILES | |
543 | /usr/local/share/info \(em files for the Info documentation browser. | |
544 | The complete text of the Emacs reference manual is included in a | |
545 | convenient tree structured form. | |
546 | Also includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual, useful to anyone | |
547 | wishing to write programs in the Emacs Lisp extension language. | |
548 | ||
549 | /usr/local/share/emacs/$VERSION/lisp \(em Lisp source files and | |
550 | compiled files that define most editing commands. | |
551 | Some are preloaded; others are autoloaded from this directory when | |
552 | used. | |
553 | ||
554 | /usr/local/libexec/emacs/$VERSION/$ARCH \(em various programs that are | |
555 | used with GNU Emacs. | |
556 | ||
557 | /usr/local/share/emacs/$VERSION/etc \(em various files of information. | |
558 | ||
559 | /usr/local/share/emacs/$VERSION/etc/DOC.* \(em contains the documentation | |
560 | strings for the Lisp primitives and preloaded Lisp functions | |
561 | of GNU Emacs. | |
562 | They are stored here to reduce the size of Emacs proper. | |
563 | ||
564 | /usr/local/share/emacs/$VERSION/etc/SERVICE lists people offering | |
565 | various services to assist users of GNU Emacs, including education, | |
566 | troubleshooting, porting and customization. | |
567 | . | |
568 | . | |
569 | .SH BUGS | |
570 | There is a mailing list, bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org, for reporting Emacs | |
571 | bugs and fixes. | |
572 | But before reporting something as a bug, please try to be sure that | |
573 | it really is a bug, not a misunderstanding or a deliberate feature. | |
574 | We ask you to read the section ``Reporting Emacs Bugs'' near the | |
575 | end of the reference manual (or Info system) for hints on how and | |
576 | when to report bugs. | |
577 | Also, include the version number of the Emacs you are running in | |
578 | \fIevery\fR bug report that you send in. | |
bdd8da91 GM |
579 | Bugs tend actually to be fixed if they can be isolated, so it is |
580 | in your interest to report them in such a way that they can be | |
581 | easily reproduced. | |
cbe77461 GM |
582 | |
583 | Do not expect a personal answer to a bug report. | |
584 | The purpose of reporting bugs is to get them fixed for everyone | |
585 | in the next release, if possible. | |
586 | For personal assistance, look in the SERVICE file (see above) for | |
587 | a list of people who offer it. | |
588 | ||
589 | Please do not send anything but bug reports to this mailing list. | |
590 | For more information about Emacs mailing lists, see the | |
bdd8da91 | 591 | file /usr/local/share/emacs/$VERSION/etc/MAILINGLISTS. |
cbe77461 GM |
592 | . |
593 | . | |
594 | .SH UNRESTRICTIONS | |
595 | .I Emacs | |
596 | is free; anyone may redistribute copies of | |
597 | .I Emacs | |
598 | to | |
599 | anyone under the terms stated in the | |
600 | .I Emacs | |
601 | General Public License, | |
602 | a copy of which accompanies each copy of | |
603 | .I Emacs | |
604 | and which also | |
605 | appears in the reference manual. | |
606 | .PP | |
607 | Copies of | |
608 | .I Emacs | |
609 | may sometimes be received packaged with distributions of Unix systems, | |
610 | but it is never included in the scope of any license covering those | |
611 | systems. | |
612 | Such inclusion violates the terms on which distribution is permitted. | |
613 | In fact, the primary purpose of the General Public License is to | |
614 | prohibit anyone from attaching any other restrictions to | |
615 | redistribution of | |
616 | .IR Emacs . | |
617 | .PP | |
618 | Richard Stallman encourages you to improve and extend | |
619 | .IR Emacs , | |
620 | and urges that | |
621 | you contribute your extensions to the GNU library. | |
622 | Eventually GNU (Gnu's Not Unix) will be a complete replacement | |
623 | for Unix. | |
624 | Everyone will be free to use, copy, study and change the GNU system. | |
625 | . | |
626 | . | |
627 | .SH SEE ALSO | |
628 | .BR emacsclient (1), | |
629 | .BR etags (1), | |
630 | .BR X (7), | |
631 | .BR xlsfonts (1), | |
632 | .BR xterm (1), | |
633 | .BR xrdb (1) | |
634 | . | |
635 | . | |
636 | .SH AUTHORS | |
637 | .I Emacs | |
638 | was written by Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation. | |
8fe7200c CY |
639 | For detailed credits and acknowledgements, see the GNU Emacs manual. |
640 | . | |
cbe77461 GM |
641 | . |
642 | . | |
643 | .SH COPYING | |
644 | Copyright | |
645 | .if t \(co | |
646 | .if n (C) | |
8fe7200c CY |
647 | 1995, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, |
648 | 2009, 2010 | |
649 | Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
cbe77461 GM |
650 | .PP |
651 | Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this | |
652 | document provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are | |
653 | preserved on all copies. | |
654 | .PP | |
655 | Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of | |
656 | this document under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that | |
657 | the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of | |
658 | a permission notice identical to this one. | |
659 | .PP | |
660 | Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this | |
661 | document into another language, under the above conditions for | |
662 | modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated | |
663 | in a translation approved by the Free Software Foundation. | |
664 | . | |
665 | .\" arch-tag: 04dfd376-b46e-4924-919a-cecc3b257eaa |