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59f534e9 | 1 | %&tex |
59f534e9 | 2 | % Title: GNU Emacs Survival Card |
0b5546d6 | 3 | |
ab422c4d | 4 | % Copyright (C) 2000-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
0b5546d6 | 5 | |
59f534e9 | 6 | % Author: Wlodek Bzyl <matwb@univ.gda.pl> |
0b5546d6 GM |
7 | |
8 | % This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
9 | ||
10 | % GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
11 | % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
12 | % the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or | |
13 | % (at your option) any later version. | |
14 | ||
15 | % GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
16 | % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
17 | % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
18 | % GNU General Public License for more details. | |
19 | ||
20 | % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
21 | % along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
22 | ||
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23 | %**start of header |
24 | ||
25 | % User interface is `plain.tex' and macros described below | |
26 | % | |
ece53951 | 27 | % \title{CARD TITLE}{for version 23} |
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28 | % \section{NAME} |
29 | % optional paragraphs separated with \askip amount of vertical space | |
30 | % \key{KEY-NAME} description of key or | |
31 | % \mkey{M-x LONG-LISP-NAME} description of Elisp function | |
177c0ea7 | 32 | % |
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33 | % \kbd{ARG} -- argument is typed literally |
34 | ||
35 | \def\plainfmtname{plain} | |
36 | \ifx\fmtname\plainfmtname | |
37 | \else | |
38 | \errmessage{This file requires `plain' format to be typeset correctly} | |
39 | \endinput | |
177c0ea7 | 40 | \fi |
59f534e9 | 41 | |
81ec0bb3 MC |
42 | % PDF output layout. 0 for A4, 1 for letter (US), a `l' is added for |
43 | % a landscape layout. | |
81ec0bb3 MC |
44 | \input pdflayout.sty |
45 | \pdflayout=(1) | |
46 | ||
dcf8834b | 47 | \input emacsver.tex |
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48 | |
49 | \def\copyrightnotice{\penalty-1\vfill | |
50 | \vbox{\smallfont\baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip\raggedcenter | |
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51 | Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.\break |
52 | For GNU Emacs version \versionemacs\break | |
53 | Author W{\l}odek Bzyl (matwb@univ.gda.pl) | |
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54 | |
55 | Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of | |
56 | this card provided the copyright notice and this permission notice | |
57 | are preserved on all copies.\par}} | |
58 | ||
59 | \hsize 3.2in | |
60 | \vsize 7.95in | |
61 | \font\titlefont=cmss10 scaled 1200 | |
62 | \font\headingfont=cmss10 | |
63 | \font\smallfont=cmr6 | |
64 | \font\smallsy=cmsy6 | |
65 | \font\eightrm=cmr8 | |
66 | \font\eightbf=cmbx8 | |
67 | \font\eightit=cmti8 | |
68 | \font\eighttt=cmtt8 | |
69 | \font\eightmi=cmmi8 | |
70 | \font\eightsy=cmsy8 | |
71 | \font\eightss=cmss8 | |
72 | \textfont0=\eightrm | |
73 | \textfont1=\eightmi | |
74 | \textfont2=\eightsy | |
75 | \def\rm{\eightrm} \rm | |
76 | \def\bf{\eightbf} | |
77 | \def\it{\eightit} | |
78 | \def\tt{\eighttt} | |
79 | \def\ss{\eightss} | |
80 | \baselineskip=0.8\baselineskip | |
81 | ||
82 | \newdimen\intercolumnskip % horizontal space between columns | |
83 | \intercolumnskip=0.5in | |
84 | ||
85 | % The TeXbook, p. 257 | |
86 | \let\lr=L \newbox\leftcolumn | |
177c0ea7 | 87 | \output={\if L\lr |
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88 | \global\setbox\leftcolumn\columnbox \global\let\lr=R |
89 | \else | |
90 | \doubleformat \global\let\lr=L\fi} | |
91 | \def\doubleformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline | |
92 | \leftline{\box\leftcolumn\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox} | |
93 | \makefootline} | |
94 | \advancepageno} | |
95 | \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}} | |
96 | ||
97 | \def\newcolumn{\vfil\eject} | |
98 | ||
99 | \def\bye{\par\vfil\supereject | |
100 | \if R\lr \null\vfil\eject\fi | |
177c0ea7 | 101 | \end} |
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102 | |
103 | \outer\def\title#1#2{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus 0.5ex | |
104 | \centerline{\ss#2} | |
105 | \vskip2\baselineskip} | |
106 | ||
107 | \outer\def\section#1{\filbreak | |
108 | \bskip | |
109 | \leftline{\headingfont #1} | |
110 | \askip} | |
111 | \def\bskip{\vskip 2.5ex plus 0.25ex } | |
112 | \def\askip{\vskip 0.75ex plus 0.25ex} | |
113 | ||
114 | \newdimen\defwidth \defwidth=0.25\hsize | |
115 | \def\hang{\hangindent\defwidth} | |
116 | ||
117 | \def\textindent#1{\noindent\llap{\hbox to \defwidth{\tt#1\hfil}}\ignorespaces} | |
118 | \def\key{\par\hangafter=0\hang\textindent} | |
119 | ||
120 | \def\mtextindent#1{\noindent\hbox{\tt#1\quad}\ignorespaces} | |
121 | \def\mkey{\par\hangafter=1\hang\mtextindent} | |
122 | ||
123 | \def\kbd#{\bgroup\tt \let\next= } | |
124 | ||
125 | \newdimen\raggedstretch | |
126 | \newskip\raggedparfill \raggedparfill=0pt plus 1fil | |
127 | \def\nohyphens | |
128 | {\hyphenpenalty10000\exhyphenpenalty10000\pretolerance10000} | |
129 | \def\raggedspaces | |
177c0ea7 | 130 | {\spaceskip=0.3333em\relax |
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131 | \xspaceskip=0.5em\relax} |
132 | \def\raggedright | |
133 | {\raggedstretch=6em | |
134 | \nohyphens | |
135 | \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch | |
136 | \raggedspaces | |
137 | \parfillskip=\raggedparfill | |
138 | \relax} | |
139 | \def\raggedcenter | |
140 | {\raggedstretch=6em | |
141 | \nohyphens | |
142 | \rightskip=0pt plus \raggedstretch | |
143 | \leftskip=\rightskip | |
144 | \raggedspaces | |
145 | \parfillskip=0pt | |
146 | \relax} | |
147 | ||
148 | \chardef\\=`\\ | |
149 | ||
150 | \raggedright | |
151 | \nopagenumbers | |
152 | \parindent 0pt | |
153 | \interlinepenalty=10000 | |
154 | \hoffset -0.2in | |
155 | %\voffset 0.2in | |
156 | ||
157 | %**end of header | |
158 | \f | |
159 | ||
bfcddba0 | 160 | \title{GNU\ \ Emacs\ \ Survival\ \ Card}{for version \versionemacs} |
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161 | |
162 | In the following, \kbd{C-z} means hit the `\kbd{z}' key while | |
163 | holding down the {\it Ctrl}\ \ key. \kbd{M-z} means hit the | |
164 | `\kbd{z}' key while hitting the {\it Meta\/} (labeled {\it Alt\/} | |
165 | on some keyboards) or after hitting {\it Esc\/} key. | |
166 | ||
167 | \section{Running Emacs} | |
168 | ||
169 | To enter GNU Emacs, just type its name: \kbd{emacs}. | |
177c0ea7 | 170 | Emacs divides the frame into several areas: |
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171 | menu line, |
172 | buffer area with the edited text, | |
173 | mode line describing the buffer in the window above it, | |
174 | and a minibuffer/echo area in the last line. | |
175 | \askip | |
176 | \key{C-x C-c} quit Emacs | |
177 | \key{C-x C-f} edit file; this command uses the minibuffer to read | |
178 | the file name; use this to create new files by entering the name | |
179 | of the new file | |
180 | \key{C-x C-s} save the file | |
181 | \key{C-x k} kill a buffer | |
182 | \key{C-g} in most context: cancel, stop, abort partially typed or | |
177c0ea7 | 183 | executing command |
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184 | \key{C-x u} undo |
185 | ||
186 | \section{Moving About} | |
187 | ||
188 | \key{C-l} scroll current line to center of window | |
189 | \key{C-x b} switch to another buffer | |
190 | \key{M-<} move to beginning of buffer | |
191 | \key{M->} move to end of buffer | |
ece53951 | 192 | \key{M-g M-g} go to a given line number |
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193 | |
194 | \section{Multiple Windows} | |
195 | ||
196 | \key{C-x 0} remove the current window from the display | |
197 | \key{C-x 1} make active window the only window | |
198 | \key{C-x 2} split window horizontally | |
199 | \key{C-x 3} split window vertically | |
200 | \key{C-x o} move to other window | |
201 | ||
202 | \section{Regions} | |
203 | ||
204 | Emacs defines a `region' as the space between the {\it mark\/} and | |
205 | the {\it point}. A mark is set with \kbd{C-{\it space}}. | |
206 | The point is at the cursor position. | |
207 | \askip | |
208 | \key{M-h} mark entire paragraph | |
209 | \key{C-x h} mark entire buffer | |
210 | ||
211 | \section{Killing and Copying} | |
212 | ||
213 | \key{C-w} kill region | |
214 | \key{M-w} copy region to kill-ring | |
215 | \key{C-k} kill from the cursor all the way to the end of the line | |
216 | \key{M-DEL} kill word | |
217 | \key{C-y} yank back the last kill (\kbd{C-w C-y} combination could be | |
218 | used to move text around) | |
219 | \key{M-y} replace last yank with previous kill | |
220 | ||
221 | \section{Searching} | |
222 | ||
223 | \key{C-s} search for a string | |
224 | \key{C-r} search for a string backwards | |
225 | \key{RET} quit searching | |
226 | \key{M-C-s} regular expression search | |
227 | \key{M-C-r} reverse regular expression search | |
228 | \askip | |
229 | Use \kbd{C-s} or \kbd{C-r} again to repeat the search in either direction. | |
230 | ||
231 | \section{Tags} | |
232 | ||
233 | Tags tables files record locations of function and | |
234 | procedure definitions, global variables, data types and anything | |
177c0ea7 | 235 | else convenient. To create a tags table file, type |
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236 | `{\tt etags} {\it input\_files}' as a shell command. |
237 | \askip | |
238 | \key{M-.} find a definition | |
239 | \key{C-u M-.} find next occurrence of definition | |
240 | \key{M-*} pop back to where \kbd{M-.} was last invoked | |
241 | \mkey{M-x tags-query-replace} run query-replace on all files | |
242 | recorded in tags table | |
243 | \key{M-,} continue last tags search or query-replace | |
244 | ||
245 | \section{Compiling} | |
246 | ||
247 | \key{M-x compile} compile code in active window | |
177c0ea7 | 248 | \key{C-c C-c} go to the next compiler error, when in |
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249 | the compile window or |
250 | \key{C-x `} when in the window with source code | |
251 | ||
252 | \section{Dired, the Directory Editor} | |
253 | ||
254 | \key{C-x d} invoke Dired | |
255 | \key{d} flag this file for deletion | |
256 | \key{\~{}} flag all backup files for deletion | |
257 | \key{u} remove deletion flag | |
258 | \key{x} delete the files flagged for deletion | |
259 | \key{C} copy file | |
260 | \key{g} update the Dired buffer | |
261 | \key{f} visit the file described on the current line | |
262 | \key{s} switch between alphabetical date/time order | |
263 | ||
264 | \section{Reading and Sending Mail} | |
265 | ||
266 | \key{M-x rmail} start reading mail | |
267 | \key{q} quit reading mail | |
268 | \key{h} show headers | |
269 | \key{d} mark the current message for deletion | |
270 | \key{x} remove all messages marked for deletion | |
271 | ||
272 | \key{C-x m} begin composing a message | |
273 | \key{C-c C-c} send the message and switch to another buffer | |
177c0ea7 | 274 | \key{C-c C-f C-c} move to the `CC' header field, creating one |
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275 | if there is none |
276 | ||
277 | \section{Miscellaneous} | |
278 | ||
279 | \key{M-q} fill paragraph | |
280 | \key{M-/} expand previous word dynamically | |
281 | \key{C-z} iconify (suspend) Emacs when running it under X or | |
282 | shell, respectively | |
283 | \mkey{M-x revert-buffer} replace the text being edited with the | |
284 | text of the file on disk | |
285 | ||
286 | \section{Query Replace} | |
287 | ||
288 | \key{M-\%} interactively search and replace | |
289 | \key{M-C-\%} using regular expressions | |
290 | \askip | |
291 | Valid responses in query-replace mode are | |
292 | \askip | |
293 | \key{SPC} replace this one, go on to next | |
294 | \key{,} replace this one, don't move | |
295 | \key{DEL} skip to next without replacing | |
296 | \key{!} replace all remaining matches | |
297 | \key{\^{}} back up to the previous match | |
298 | \key{RET} exit query-replace | |
299 | \key{C-r} enter recursive edit (\kbd{M-C-c} to exit) | |
300 | ||
301 | \section{Regular Expressions} | |
302 | ||
303 | \key{. {\rm(dot)}} any single character except a newline | |
304 | \key{*} zero or more repeats | |
305 | \key{+} one or more repeats | |
306 | \key{?} zero or one repeat | |
307 | \key{[$\ldots$]} denotes a class of character to match | |
308 | \key{[\^{}$\ldots$]} negates the class | |
309 | ||
310 | \key{\\{\it c}} quote characters otherwise having a special | |
177c0ea7 | 311 | meaning in regular expressions |
59f534e9 | 312 | |
177c0ea7 | 313 | \key{$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$\\|$\ldots$} matches one of |
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314 | the alternatives (``or'') |
315 | \key{\\( $\ldots$ \\)} groups a series of pattern elements to | |
316 | a single element | |
317 | \key{\\{\it n}} same text as {\it n\/}th group | |
318 | ||
319 | \key{\^{}} matches at line beginning | |
320 | \key{\$} matches at line end | |
321 | ||
322 | \key{\\w} matches word-syntax character | |
323 | \key{\\W} matches non-word-syntax character | |
324 | \key{\\<} matches at word beginning | |
325 | \key{\\>} matches at word end | |
326 | \key{\\b} matches at word break | |
327 | \key{\\B} matches at non-word break | |
328 | ||
329 | \section{Registers} | |
330 | ||
331 | \key{C-x r s} save region in register | |
332 | \key{C-x r i} insert register contents into buffer | |
333 | ||
334 | \key{C-x r SPC} save value of point in register | |
335 | \key{C-x r j} jump to point saved in register | |
336 | ||
337 | \section{Rectangles} | |
338 | ||
339 | \key{C-x r r} copy rectangle to register | |
340 | \key{C-x r k} kill rectangle | |
341 | \key{C-x r y} yank rectangle | |
342 | \key{C-x r t} prefix each line with a string | |
343 | ||
344 | \key{C-x r o} open rectangle, shifting text right | |
345 | \key{C-x r c} blank out rectangle | |
346 | ||
347 | \section{Shells} | |
348 | ||
349 | \key{M-x shell} start a shell within Emacs | |
350 | \key{M-!} execute a shell command | |
351 | \key{M-|} run a shell command on the region | |
352 | \key{C-u M-|} filter region through a shell command | |
353 | ||
354 | \section{Spelling Check} | |
355 | ||
356 | \key{M-\$} check spelling of word at the cursor | |
357 | \mkey{M-x ispell-region} check spelling of all words in region | |
358 | \mkey{M-x ispell-buffer} check spelling of entire buffer | |
359 | ||
360 | \section{International Character Sets} | |
361 | ||
177c0ea7 | 362 | \key{C-x RET C-\\} select and activate input method for |
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363 | the current buffer |
364 | \key{C-\\} enable or disable input method | |
365 | \mkey{M-x list-input-methods} show all input methods | |
366 | \mkey{M-x set-language-environment} specify principal language | |
367 | ||
368 | \key{C-x RET c} set coding system for next command | |
177c0ea7 | 369 | \mkey{M-x find-file-literally} visit file with no conversion |
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370 | of any kind |
371 | ||
372 | \mkey{M-x list-coding-systems} show all coding systems | |
373 | \mkey{M-x prefer-coding-system} choose preferred coding system | |
374 | ||
375 | \section{Keyboard Macros} | |
376 | ||
377 | \key{C-x (} start defining a keyboard macro | |
378 | \key{C-x )} end keyboard macro definition | |
379 | \key{C-x e} execute last-defined keyboard macro | |
380 | \key{C-u C-x (} append to last keyboard macro | |
381 | \mkey{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} name last keyboard macro | |
382 | ||
383 | \section{Simple Customization} | |
384 | ||
385 | \key{M-x customize} customize variables and faces | |
386 | ||
387 | \section{Getting Help} | |
388 | ||
177c0ea7 | 389 | Emacs does command completion for you. Typing \kbd{M-x} |
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390 | {\it tab\/} or {\it space\/} gives a list of Emacs commands. |
391 | \askip | |
392 | \key{C-h} Emacs help | |
393 | \key{C-h t} run the Emacs tutorial | |
394 | \key{C-h i} enter Info, the documentation browser | |
395 | \key{C-h a} show commands matching a string (apropos) | |
396 | \key{C-h k} display documentation of the function invoked by | |
397 | keystroke | |
398 | \askip | |
399 | Emacs gets into different {\it modes}, each of which customizes | |
400 | Emacs for editing text of a particular sort. The mode line | |
401 | contains names of the current modes, in parentheses. | |
402 | \askip | |
403 | \key{C-h m} get mode-specific information | |
404 | ||
405 | \copyrightnotice | |
406 | ||
407 | \bye | |
408 | \f | |
409 | % Local variables: | |
81ec0bb3 | 410 | % compile-command: "pdftex survival" |
59f534e9 | 411 | % End: |
ab5796a9 | 412 |