@c ---------
@c <<<< For hard copy printing, this file is now
@c set for smallbook, which works for all sizes
-@c of paper, and with Postscript figures >>>>
+@c of paper, and with PostScript figures >>>>
@set smallbook
@ifset smallbook
@smallbook
@sp 1
Edition @value{edition-number}, @value{update-date}
@sp 1
-Copyright @copyright{} 1990-1995, 1997, 2001-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1990-1995, 1997, 2001-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@sp 1
@iftex
* Conclusion:: Now you have the basics.
* the-the:: An appendix: how to find reduplicated words.
* Kill Ring:: An appendix: how the kill ring works.
-* Full Graph:: How to create a graph with labelled axes.
+* Full Graph:: How to create a graph with labeled axes.
* Free Software and Free Manuals::
* GNU Free Documentation License::
* Index::
* Digression concerning error:: How to mislead humans, but not computers.
* Determining the Element::
-A Graph with Labelled Axes
+A Graph with Labeled Axes
-* Labelled Example::
+* Labeled Example::
* print-graph Varlist:: @code{let} expression in @code{print-graph}.
* print-Y-axis:: Print a label for the vertical axis.
* print-X-axis:: Print a horizontal label.
to a country not yet visited: interesting, but not the same as being
there.
-Much of this introduction is dedicated to walk-throughs or guided tours
+Much of this introduction is dedicated to walkthroughs or guided tours
of code used in GNU Emacs. These tours are designed for two purposes:
first, to give you familiarity with real, working code (code you use
every day); and, second, to give you familiarity with the way Emacs
invoke the command; this is called @dfn{rebinding}. @xref{Keymaps, ,
Keymaps}.) The abbreviation @kbd{M-C-\} means that you type your
@key{META} key, @key{CTRL} key and @key{\} key all at the same time.
-(On many modern keyboards the @key{META} key is labelled
+(On many modern keyboards the @key{META} key is labeled
@key{ALT}.)
Sometimes a combination like this is called a keychord, since it is
similar to the way you play a chord on a piano. If your keyboard does
of it. In this case, @kbd{M-C-\} means that you press and release your
@key{ESC} key and then type the @key{CTRL} key and the @key{\} key at
the same time. But usually @kbd{M-C-\} means press the @key{CTRL} key
-along with the key that is labelled @key{ALT} and, at the same time,
+along with the key that is labeled @key{ALT} and, at the same time,
press the @key{\} key.
In addition to typing a lone keychord, you can prefix what you type
error messages intentionally. Once you understand the jargon, error
messages can be informative. Instead of being called ``error''
messages, they should be called ``help'' messages. They are like
-signposts to a traveller in a strange country; deciphering them can be
+signposts to a traveler in a strange country; deciphering them can be
hard, but once understood, they can point the way.
The error message is generated by a built-in GNU Emacs debugger. We
argument is the string of characters, the second and third arguments are
numbers that indicate the beginning and end of the substring. The
numbers are a count of the number of characters (including spaces and
-punctuations) from the beginning of the string.
+punctuation) from the beginning of the string.
@need 800
For example, if you evaluate the following:
such as @code{mark-whole-buffer}, and then type @key{RET}. Emacs will
switch buffers and display the source code for the function on your
screen. To switch back to your current buffer, type @kbd{C-x b
-@key{RET}}. (On some keyboards, the @key{META} key is labelled
+@key{RET}}. (On some keyboards, the @key{META} key is labeled
@key{ALT}.)
@c !!! 22.1.1 tags table location in this paragraph
;; it will be set in an error
(setq this-command 'kill-region)
;; Finally, in the then-part, send a message if you may copy
- ;; the text to the kill ring without signally an error, but
+ ;; the text to the kill ring without signaling an error, but
;; don't if you may not.
@end group
@group
@enumerate
@item
The first argument is the regular expression that the function searches
-for. The regular expression will be a string between quotations marks.
+for. The regular expression will be a string between quotation marks.
@item
The optional second argument limits how far the function will search; it is a
The @code{etags} program handles more than 20 languages, including
Emacs Lisp, Common Lisp, Scheme, C, C++, Ada, Fortran, HTML, Java,
-LaTeX, Pascal, Perl, Postscript, Python, TeX, Texinfo, makefiles, and
+LaTeX, Pascal, Perl, PostScript, Python, TeX, Texinfo, makefiles, and
most assemblers. The program has no switches for specifying the
language; it recognizes the language in an input file according to its
file name and contents.
@group
(while (and (< (point) end)
(re-search-forward
- "\\(\\w\\|\\s_\\)+[^ \t\n]*[ \t\n]*" end t)
+ "\\(\\w\\|\\s_\\)+[^ \t\n]*[ \t\n]*" end t))
(setq count (1+ count)))
@end group
@end smallexample
@code{print-graph-body} function that automatically print labels for
the horizontal and vertical axes. Since the label printing functions
do not contain much new material, I have placed their description in
-an appendix. @xref{Full Graph, , A Graph with Labelled Axes}.
+an appendix. @xref{Full Graph, , A Graph with Labeled Axes}.
@node Line Graph Exercise, , Printed Axes, Readying a Graph
@section Exercise
exploration.
From the human point of view, the act of exploration and discovery is
-not necessarily an error, and therefore should not be labelled as one,
+not necessarily an error, and therefore should not be labeled as one,
even in the bowels of a computer. As it is, the code in Emacs implies
that a human who is acting virtuously, by exploring his or her
environment, is making an error. This is bad. Even though the computer
because they were written earlier.
@node Full Graph, Free Software and Free Manuals, Kill Ring, Top
-@appendix A Graph with Labelled Axes
+@appendix A Graph with Labeled Axes
Printed axes help you understand a graph. They convey scale. In an
earlier chapter (@pxref{Readying a Graph, , Readying a Graph}), we
wrote the code to print the body of a graph. Here we write the code
-for printing and labelling vertical and horizontal axes, along with the
+for printing and labeling vertical and horizontal axes, along with the
body itself.
@menu
-* Labelled Example::
+* Labeled Example::
* print-graph Varlist:: @code{let} expression in @code{print-graph}.
* print-Y-axis:: Print a label for the vertical axis.
* print-X-axis:: Print a horizontal label.
* Print Whole Graph:: The function to print a complete graph.
@end menu
-@node Labelled Example, print-graph Varlist, Full Graph, Full Graph
+@node Labeled Example, print-graph Varlist, Full Graph, Full Graph
@ifnottex
-@unnumberedsec Labelled Example Graph
+@unnumberedsec Labeled Example Graph
@end ifnottex
Since insertions fill a buffer to the right and below point, the new
@end smallexample
@noindent
-In this graph, both the vertical and the horizontal axes are labelled
+In this graph, both the vertical and the horizontal axes are labeled
with numbers. However, in some graphs, the horizontal axis is time
-and would be better labelled with months, like this:
+and would be better labeled with months, like this:
@smallexample
@group
@end smallexample
Indeed, with a little thought, we can easily come up with a variety of
-vertical and horizontal labelling schemes. Our task could become
+vertical and horizontal labeling schemes. Our task could become
complicated. But complications breed confusion. Rather than permit
-this, it is better choose a simple labelling scheme for our first
+this, it is better choose a simple labeling scheme for our first
effort, and to modify or replace it later.
@need 1200
We can work on each part of the @code{print-graph} function definition
in turn.
-@node print-graph Varlist, print-Y-axis, Labelled Example, Full Graph
+@node print-graph Varlist, print-Y-axis, Labeled Example, Full Graph
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@appendixsec The @code{print-graph} Varlist
@cindex @code{print-graph} varlist
The value of the variable @code{X-axis-label-spacing} should itself be
measured in units of @code{symbol-width}, since you may want to change
the width of the symbols that you are using to print the body of the
-graph without changing the ways the graph is labelled.
+graph without changing the ways the graph is labeled.
@menu
* Similarities differences:: Much like @code{print-Y-axis}, but not exactly.
Now we are nearly ready to print the whole graph.
The function to print the graph with the proper labels follows the
-outline we created earlier (@pxref{Full Graph, , A Graph with Labelled
+outline we created earlier (@pxref{Full Graph, , A Graph with Labeled
Axes}), but with additions.
@need 1250
;;; @r{Final version.}
(defun print-graph
(numbers-list &optional vertical-step)
- "Print labelled bar graph of the NUMBERS-LIST.
+ "Print labeled bar graph of the NUMBERS-LIST.
The numbers-list consists of the Y-axis values.
@end group
@group
(defun print-graph
(numbers-list &optional vertical-step horizontal-step)
- "Print labelled bar graph of the NUMBERS-LIST.
+ "Print labeled bar graph of the NUMBERS-LIST.
The numbers-list consists of the Y-axis values.
@end group
@group
(defun print-graph
(numbers-list &optional vertical-step horizontal-step)
- "Print labelled bar graph of the NUMBERS-LIST.
+ "Print labeled bar graph of the NUMBERS-LIST.
The numbers-list consists of the Y-axis values.
@end group
@c @end iftex
@bye
-
HCoop / bpt / emacs.git / blobdiff