-@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
-@c 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
-@node Mac OS / GNUstep, Microsoft Windows, Antinews, Top
-@appendix Emacs and Mac OS / GNUstep
-@cindex Mac OS X
-@cindex Macintosh
-@cindex GNUstep
-
- This section briefly describes the peculiarities of using Emacs built with
-the GNUstep libraries on GNU/Linux or other operating systems, or on Mac OS X
-with native window system support. For Mac OS X, Emacs can be built either
-without window system support, with X11, or with the Cocoa interface. This
-section only applies to the Cocoa build. Emacs 23 does not support Mac OS
-Classic.
-
- Emacs, when built on Mac OS X, uses the Cocoa application interface. For
-various historical and technical reasons, Emacs uses the term @samp{Nextstep}
-internally, instead of ``Cocoa'' or ``Mac OS X''; for instance, most of the
-commands and variables described in the following sections begin with
-@samp{ns-}, which is short for @samp{Nextstep}. NeXTstep was an application
-interface released by NeXT Inc during the 1980s, of which Cocoa is a direct
-descendent. Apart from Cocoa, there is another NeXTstep-style system:
-GNUstep, which is free software. As of this writing, the GNUstep support is
-alpha status (see @pxref{GNUstep Support}), but we hope to improve it in the
-future.
-
-@menu
-* Mac / GNUstep Basics:: Basic Emacs usage under GNUstep or Mac OS.
-* Mac / GNUstep Customization:: Customizations under GNUstep or Mac OS.
-* Mac / GNUstep Events:: How window system events are handled.
-* GNUstep Support:: Details on status of GNUstep support
-*
-@end menu
-
-@node Mac / GNUstep Basics, Mac / GNUstep Customization, , Mac OS / GNUstep
-@section Basic Emacs usage under Mac OS and GNUstep
-
- By default, the @key{alt} and @key{option} keys are the same as
-@key{Meta} when running under Mac OS. The Mac @key{Cmd} key is the
-same as @key{Super}, and Emacs provides a set of keybindings using
-this modifier key that mimic other Mac / GNUstep applications (@pxref{Mac /
-GNUstep Events}). You can change these bindings in the usual way (@pxref{Key
-Bindings}), or by using the Preferences panel (@pxref{Mac / GNUstep
-Customization}).
-
- The standard Mac / GNUstep font and color panels are accessible via the
-@samp{Windows} menu, or via the standard @key{Cmd-t} and @key{Cmd-C}
-keybindings. To use the color panel, drag from it to an Emacs frame
-to change the foreground color of the face at that position (if the
-@key{shift} key is held down, it changes the background color
-instead). To finalize the settings for either color or font, choose
-@samp{Save Options} in the @samp{Options} menu. To discard the
-settings, create a new frame and close the altered one.
-
- @key{S-Mouse-1} (i.e., clicking the left mouse button
-while holding down the @key{Shift} key) adjusts the region to the
-click position, just like @key{Mouse-3} (@code{mouse-save-then-kill});
-it does not pop up a menu for changing the default face, as
-@key{S-Mouse-1} normally does (@pxref{Temporary Face Changes}). This
-change makes Emacs behave more like other Mac / GNUstep applications.
-
- When you open or save files using the menus, or using the standard
-@key{Cmd-o} and @key{Cmd-S} bindings, Emacs uses graphical file
-dialogs to read file names. However, if you use the regular Emacs key
-sequences, such as @key{C-x C-f}, Emacs uses the minibuffer to read
-file names.
-
- On GNUstep, in an X-windows environment you need to use @key{Cmd-c}
-instead of one of the @key{C-w} or @key{M-w} commands to transfer text
-to the X primary selection; otherwise, Emacs will use the
-``clipboard'' selection. Likewise, @key{Cmd-y} (instead of @key{C-y})
-yanks from the X primary selection instead of the kill-ring or
-clipboard.
-
-
-@subsection Grabbing environment variables
-
-Many programs which may run under Emacs like latex or man depend on the
-settings of environment variables. If Emacs is launched from the shell, it
-will automatically inherit these environment variables and its subprocesses
-will inherit them from it. But if Emacs is launched from the Finder it
-is not a descendant of any shell, so its environment variables haven't been
-set which often causes the subprocesses it launches to behave differently than
-they would when launched from the shell.
-
-To solve this problem for Emacs, there are two solutions. First is to
-run, from the command line:
-
-@example
-.../Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/mac-fix-env
-@end example
-
-This will pick up your environment settings and save them into a special file
-@file{~/.MacOSX/environment.plist}, which the desktop environment will use to
-set the environment for all launched applications. The drawback of this
-method is it needs to be run again whenever something changes.
-
-The other approach is to use the @code{ns-grabenv} command inside Emacs. This
-function will run a subshell and copy its environment variables into Emacs.
-
-Adding this line to your @file{~/.emacs} will grab the csh environment
-whenever emacs runs under a window system.
-
-@lisp
-(if window-system (ns-grabenv))
-@end lisp
-
-If you have a different shell you will have to give @code{ns-grabenv} some
-arguments. For zsh you would do this.
-
-@lisp
-(if window-system (ns-grabenv "/usr/bin/zsh"
- "source /etc/zshenv"
- "source ~/.zshenv"))
-@end lisp
-
-The reason that @code{ns-grabenv} is not done by default is that it adds up
-to a second or two to the Emacs startup time.
-
-
-@node Mac / GNUstep Customization, Mac / GNUstep Events, Mac / GNUstep Basics, Mac OS / GNUstep
-@section Mac / GNUstep Customization
-
-Emacs can be customized in several ways in addition to the standard
-customization buffers and the Options menu.
-
-
-@subsection Preferences Panel
-
-The Preferences panel, much like the Options menu, is designed to allow quick
-and convenient setting of commonly used options.
-
-The Preferences panel is available for setting commonly used GUI-related
-options for Emacs. Access it under the Emacs menu (Mac) or Info menu
-(GNUstep), or using @kbd{Cmd-,}.
-
-Settings made here are saved when @samp{OK} is hit, or @samp{Save Options} is
-selected from the Options menu. These settings are stored into the NeXTstep
-``defaults'' system under keys described below.
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-To set the default font used by Emacs click the @samp{Default Font...} button
-to being up the Font Panel, then click on a frame. The font of this frame
-will then be changed when you make a selection in the Font Panel, and this
-will be used as the default for future frames. If you do not select a frame
-first, the frame selected when you activated Preferences will be changed.
-
-@item
-The Color panel, brought up by the @samp{Colors...} button, allows setting of
-foreground or background of any face. Drag from the color bar to over the
-emacs face you want to change. This will change the foreground of that face,
-or holding shift when dragging will change the background.
-
-@item
-@samp{Smooth Fonts} and @samp{Use Quickdraw} control text antialiasing.
-Quickdraw is an older Mac technology still supported under OS X.
-
-@item
-The @samp{Expand Line Spacing} slider controls vertical spacing of text. The
-0.0 setting corresponds to the same height as other applications. Settings
-less than 0 compress the spacing, and greater than 0 expand it. Emacs must be
-restarted for the new setting to take effect.
-
-@item
-The @samp{Cursor Type} radio buttons select the cursor shape:
-cursor:
-
-@itemize
-@item
-Filled Box - the cursor is displayed as a box (default)
-@item
-Vertical Bar - the cursor is displayed as a vertical line
-@item
-Underscore - the cursor is displayed as a horizontal line
-@item
-Hollow - the cursor is displayed as a box with an outline but no fill
-@end itemize
-
-@item
-The @samp{Cursor Blink Rate} slider to sets the frequency at which the cursor
-blinks (CURRENTLY INOPERATIVE -- use @samp{customize group cursor} instead.)
-
-@item
-The @samp{Use System Highlight Color} option controls whether selected text is
-highlighted with the system default or the local emacs setting.
-
-@end itemize
-
-The behavior of Modifier keys inside emacs can be controlled by the drop-down
-menus in the @samp{Modifiers} section. By default the Alt or Opt key is bound
-to the Emacs 'Meta' key, and the Command key is bound to 'super' which allows
-the Command key to function in a way similar to other NeXTstep/OS X
-applications.
-
-
-@subsection Font and Color Panels
-
-The Font Panel may be accessed from the Windows menu or by @kbd{Cmd-t}. It
-will set the default font in the frame most recently used or clicked on. To
-make the setting permanent, use @samp{Save Options} in the Options menu, or
-run @code{ns-save-preferences}.
-
-You can bring up a color panel (with @key{Cmd-C} or from the Windows menu) and
-drag the color you want over the emacs face you want to change. Normal
-dragging will alter the foreground color. Shift dragging will alter the
-background color. To make the changes permanent select the "Save Options"
-item in the "Options" menu, or run @code{ns-save-preferences}. Useful in this
-context is the listing of all faces obtained by @key{M-x}
-@code{list-faces-display}.
-
-
-@subsection Defaults
-
-Under X, resources are used to customize the behavior of Emacs to the
-needs of the user. Nextstep defaults fulfill a similar function. From
-the command line, the command @samp{defaults read org.gnu.Emacs} shows
-these resources as of the last Emacs exited, and individual resources
-can be read or written by commands like @samp{defaults read Emacs Foo}
-and @samp{defaults write Emacs Foo barvalue}.
-
- Calling the function @code{ns-save-preferences} in lisp, or
-selecting the @samp{Option / Save Options} menu item, automatically
-writes out the defaults corresponding to the selected window.
-
- In addition, you can set many of the following customizations by
-setting @code{default-frame-alist} in your initialization file.
-
- Many of the preferences relating specifically to the Nextstep windowing
-system (such as font rendering and the cursor type) can be set using the
-Preferences panel. It is important to note that when you hit @samp{OK} on
-this panel, @emph{all} Nextstep settings are saved (including font and
-colors).
-
-This is a listing of some of the more useful defaults (and their
-default values). Several of these defaults accept the names of colors
-as values. For a list of all available colors pull up the color panel
-and look at the color list called @samp{Emacs}. Emacs also accepts
-color specifications of the form @samp{ARGBaarrggbb} where @var{aa},
-@var{rr}, @var{gg}, and @var{bb} are two hexadecimal digits describing
-the alpha, red, green, and blue content of the color respectively.
-@samp{HSBhhssbb}, @samp{CMYKccmmyykk} and @samp{GRAYgg} are the
-equivalents in @samp{HSB}, @samp{CMYK} and gray scales. (For HSB,
-@samp{AHSBaahhssbb} is also accepted.)
-
-@table @samp
-@item InternalBorderWidth
-Width in pixels of the internal border of the Nextstep frame. This
-acts to separate the text area of the window from the fringes,
-scrollbars, and/or edges.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs InternalBorderWidth 2
-@end example
-
-@item VerticalScrollBars
-@samp{YES} or @samp{NO} to enable or disable scroll bars, @samp{left} or
-@samp{right} to explicitly set the side.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs VerticalScrollBars YES
-@end example
-
-@item Font
-Name of the default font to be used for new frames (which can be
-overridden by various faces). If this font is not set, Emacs will use
-the system wide fixed pitch font. For most users the system fixed
-pitch font will be @samp{Monaco} which doesn't have any bold or italic
-versions. (Italic will be synthesized.)
-
-@item FontSize
-Size of the font to be used for new frames. If not set, Emacs will
-use the default size of the system wide fixed pitch font.
-
-@item Foreground
-The default foreground (text) color for new frames.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs Foreground "Black"
-@end example
-
-@item Background
-The default background color for new frames.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs Background "White"
-@end example
-
-@item Height
-Height in rows of the default window.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs Height 48
-@end example
-
-@item Width
-Width in columns of the default window.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs Width 80
-@end example
-
-@item CursorType
-Name of the default cursor type for Emacs. Allowed values are
-@samp{box}, @samp{hollow}, @samp{underscore}, @samp{bar}, @samp{line} and @samp{no}.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs CursorType box
-@end example
-
-@item CursorColor
-Name of the default cursor color for Emacs. Of a particular use for
-this setting is the @samp{Highlight} color. When it is the cursor
-color, Emacs will draw the cursor using the standard Nextstep
-highlighting operator.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs CursorColor blue
-@end example
-
-@item Top
-Distance in pixels from the top of the screen of the upper left corner
-of the default window.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs Top 100
-@end example
-
-@item Left
-Distance in pixels from the left edge of the screen to the upper left
-corner of the default window.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs Left 100
-@end example
-
-@item HideOnAutoLaunch
-@samp{YES} or @samp{NO} to determine whether Emacs will hide itself when
-autolaunched from the dock.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs HideOnAutoLaunch NO
-@end example
-
-@item ExpandSpace
-This lets you expand or shrink the line height used for displaying
-text. When this is set to 0.0, display should look like other
-Nextstep applications. If you set it higher than 0, Emacs will spread
-the text lines apart, less than 0, compress them together. (With
-settings below zero parts of characters may be chopped off in certain
-fonts.) When using the Preferences panel, this is controlled by a
-slider. You must OK the panel and then restart Emacs for this default
-to take effect.
-
-When setting this using @code{"defaults write"}, you can either set a floating
-point value, or @samp{YES}, which is equivalent 0.5, or @samp{NO}, which is
-equivalent to 0.0.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs ExpandSpace -0.125
-@end example
-
-@item GSFontAntiAlias
-This turns antialiasing on and off on. Note that, on OS X, even if
-antialiasing is on, Emacs will not antialias text of a size below the system
-preference setting.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs GSFontAntiAlias NO
-@end example
-
-@item UseQuickdrawSmoothing
-On OS X 10.3 and higher, this will render fonts using Quickdraw antialiasing,
-which is less heavy than the Quartz antialiasing used by default. Whether
-this is on or off, the system font size threshold for antialiasing (see above)
-is respected.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs UseQuickdrawSmoothing YES
-@end example
-
-@item AlternateModifier
-This allows you to set the effect of the Alt or Opt key. The default is
-@samp{meta}, meaning to use as the Emacs 'meta' key. You can also set this to
-@samp{command}, @samp{hyper}, @samp{alt}, or @samp{none}. The last is useful
-for Continental users who normally use this key to enter accented and other
-special characters.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs AlternateModifier "none"
-@end example
-
-@item CommandModifier
-This allows you to set the effect of the Command key. The default is
-@samp{super}, which is used in a set of keybindings such as @code{s-o} for
-``open file'' and @code{s-z} for ``undo'' that are similar to other NeXTstep
-applications. On the other hand, some people who use the Alt/Opt key for
-accent entry like to set this to @samp{meta} so they still have easy access to
-Emacs functionality bound to meta keys. You can also set this, like Alt/Opt,
-to @samp{hyper} or @samp{alt}, though there are no bindings to combinations
-using these keys by default. The @samp{none} option is not available for the
-Command key.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs CommandModifier "meta"
-@end example
-
-@item fooFrame
-Position and size to use for the frame named @var{foo} when it is
-created. The position and size have to be specified as a space
-separated list: @samp{top}, @samp{left}, @samp{height} and
-@samp{width}. @samp{top} and @samp{left} are expressed in pixels,
-@samp{height} is given in rows and @samp{width} is given in columns.
-Named frames can be created by e.g. @code{(make-frame '((name
-. "FOO")))}.
-
-@example
-defaults write Emacs TestFrame "100 200 30 70"
-@end example
-
-Another default previouly used by many Emacs users is this.
-
-@example
-defaults write Workspace DefaultOpenApp Emacs
-@end example
-
-It caused the NeXTstep Workspace to open files without a registered extension
-in Emacs instead of as usual Edit. For this default to work, Emacs needed to
-be in the application search path of the Workspace (which usually includes
-@file{~/Applications} and @file{~/Applications}). If anyone knows the current
-way to do this under OS X please contact the authors.
-
-@end table
-
-@subsection Open files by dragging to an Emacs window
-
-The default behaviour when a user drags files from another application
-into an Emacs frame is to insert the contents of all the dragged files
-into the current buffer. To remap the @code{ns-drag-file} event to
-open the dragged files in the current frame use the following line:
-
-@lisp
-(define-key global-map [ns-drag-file] 'ns-find-file)
-@end lisp
-
-
-@node Mac / GNUstep Events, GNUstep Support, Mac / GNUstep Customization, Mac OS / GNUstep
-@section Windowing System Events under Mac OS / GNUstep
-
- Nextstep applications receive a number of special events which have
-no X equivalent. These are sent as specially defined ``keys'', which
-do not correspond to any sequence of keystrokes. Under Emacs, these
-``key'' events can be bound to functions just like ordinary
-keystrokes. Here is a list of these events.
-
-@table @key
-@item ns-open-file
-@vindex ns-pop-up-frames
-This event occurs when another Nextstep application requests that
-Emacs open a file. A typical reason for this would be a user
-double-clicking a file in the Finder application. By default, Emacs
-responds to this event by opening a new frame and visiting the file in
-that frame (@code{ns-find-file}), As an exception, if the selected
-buffer is the @samp{*scratch*} buffer, Emacs visits the file in the
-the selected frame.
-
-You can change how Emacs responds to @key{ns-open-file} by changing
-the variable @code{ns-pop-up-frames}. Its default value,
-@code{'fresh}, is what we have just described. A value of @code{t}
-means to always visit the file in a new frame. A value of @code{nil}
-means to always visit the file in an existing frame.
-
-@item ns-open-temp-file
-This event occurs when another application requests that Emacs open a
-temporary file. By default, this is handled by just generating a
-@code{ns-open-file} event, the results of which are described above.
-
-You can bind @key{ns-pop-up-frames} and @key{ns-open-temp-file} to
-other Lisp functions. When the event is registered, the name of the
-file to open is stored in the variable @code{ns-input-file}.
-
-@item ns-open-file-line
-Some applications, such as ProjectBuilder and gdb, request not only a
-particular file, but also a particular line or sequence of lines in
-the file. Emacs handles this by visiting that file and highlighting
-the requested line (@code{ns-open-file-select-line}).
-
-@item ns-drag-file
-This event occurs when a user drags files from another application
-into an Emacs frame. The default behavior is to insert the contents
-of all the dragged files into the current buffer
-(@code{ns-insert-files}). The list of dragged files is stored in the
-variable @code{ns-input-file}.
-
-@item ns-drag-color
-This event occurs when a user drags a color from the color well (or
-some other source) into an Emacs frame. The default behavior is to
-alter the foreground color of the area the color was dragged onto
-(@code{ns-set-foreground-at-mouse}). If this event is issued with a
-@key{Shift} modifier, Emacs changes the background color instead
-(@code{ns-set-background-at-mouse}). The name of the dragged color is
-stored in the variable @code{ns-input-color}.
-
-@item ns-change-font
-This event occurs when the user selects a font in a Nextstep font
-panel (which can be opened with @kbd{Cmd-t}). The default behavior is
-to adjust the font of the selected frame
-(@code{ns-respond-to-changefont}). The name and size of the selected
-font are stored in the variables @code{ns-input-font} and
-@code{ns-input-fontsize} respectively.
-
-@item ns-power-off
-This event occurs when the user logs out and Emacs is still running.
-The default behavior is to save all file-visiting buffers without
-confirmation, and exit.
-@end table
-
- Emacs also allows users to make use of Nextstep services, via a set
-of commands whose names begin with @samp{ns-service-} and end with the
-name of the service. Type @kbd{M-x ns-service-@key{TAB}@key{TAB}} to
-see a list of these commands. These functions either operate on
-marked text (replacing it with the result) or take a string argument
-and return the result as a string. You can also use the Lisp function
-@code{ns-perform-service} to pass arbitrary strings to arbitrary
-services and receive the results back. Note that you may need to
-restart Emacs to access newly-available services.
-
-
-@node GNUstep Support, , Mac / GNUstep Events, Mac OS / GNUstep
-@section GNUstep Support
-
-Emacs can be built and run under GNUstep however building is difficult and
-there are some limitations to functionality. In particular, it may be
-necessary to run @samp{make bootstrap} with a plain X configuration, then
-@samp{make clean} and @samp{./configure --with-ns} followed by @samp{make
-install}.
-
-Currently CANNOT_DUMP is automatically enabled in GNUstep configurations,
-because the unex file(s) for GNUstep, mainly @samp{unexelf.c}, have not been
-updated yet with the ``zone'' code in and related to @samp{unexmacosx.c}.
-
-@ignore
- arch-tag: a822c2ab-4273-4997-927e-c153bb71dcf6
-@end ignore
+@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
+@c Copyright (C) 2000-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
+@node Mac OS / GNUstep, Microsoft Windows, Antinews, Top
+@appendix Emacs and Mac OS / GNUstep
+@cindex Mac OS X
+@cindex Macintosh
+@cindex GNUstep
+
+ This section describes the peculiarities of using Emacs built with
+the GNUstep libraries on GNU/Linux or other operating systems, or on
+Mac OS X with native window system support. On Mac OS X, Emacs can be
+built either without window system support, with X11, or with the
+Cocoa interface; this section only applies to the Cocoa build. Emacs
+does not support earlier versions of Mac OS.
+
+ For various historical and technical reasons, Emacs uses the term
+@samp{Nextstep} internally, instead of ``Cocoa'' or ``Mac OS X''; for
+instance, most of the commands and variables described in this section
+begin with @samp{ns-}, which is short for @samp{Nextstep}. NeXTstep
+was an application interface released by NeXT Inc during the 1980s, of
+which Cocoa is a direct descendant. Apart from Cocoa, there is
+another NeXTstep-style system: GNUstep, which is free software. As of
+this writing, the GNUstep support is alpha status (@pxref{GNUstep
+Support}), but we hope to improve it in the future.
+
+@menu
+* Mac / GNUstep Basics:: Basic Emacs usage under GNUstep or Mac OS.
+* Mac / GNUstep Customization:: Customizations under GNUstep or Mac OS.
+* Mac / GNUstep Events:: How window system events are handled.
+* GNUstep Support:: Details on status of GNUstep support.
+@end menu
+
+@node Mac / GNUstep Basics, Mac / GNUstep Customization, , Mac OS / GNUstep
+@section Basic Emacs usage under Mac OS and GNUstep
+
+ By default, the @key{alt} and @key{option} keys are the same as
+@key{Meta}. The Mac @key{Cmd} key is the same as @key{Super}, and
+Emacs provides a set of keybindings using this modifier key that mimic
+other Mac / GNUstep applications (@pxref{Mac / GNUstep Events}). You
+can change these bindings in the usual way (@pxref{Key Bindings}).
+
+ The variable @code{ns-right-alternate-modifier} controls the
+behavior of the right @key{alt} and @key{option} keys. These keys
+behave like the left-hand keys if the value is @code{left} (the
+default). A value of @code{control}, @code{meta}, @code{alt},
+@code{super}, or @code{hyper} makes them behave like the corresponding
+modifier keys; a value of @code{none} tells Emacs to ignore them.
+
+ The standard Mac / GNUstep font and color panels are accessible via
+Lisp commands. To use the color panel, drag from it to an Emacs frame
+to change the foreground color of the face at that position (if the
+@key{shift} key is held down, it changes the background color
+instead). To discard the settings, create a new frame and close the
+altered one.
+
+ @key{S-Mouse-1} (i.e., clicking the left mouse button
+while holding down the @key{Shift} key) adjusts the region to the
+click position, just like @key{Mouse-3} (@code{mouse-save-then-kill});
+it does not pop up a menu for changing the default face, as
+@key{S-Mouse-1} normally does (@pxref{Temporary Face Changes}). This
+change makes Emacs behave more like other Mac / GNUstep applications.
+
+ When you open or save files using the menus, or using the
+@key{Cmd-o} and @key{Cmd-S} bindings, Emacs uses graphical file
+dialogs to read file names. However, if you use the regular Emacs key
+sequences, such as @key{C-x C-f}, Emacs uses the minibuffer to read
+file names.
+
+ On GNUstep, in an X-windows environment you need to use @key{Cmd-c}
+instead of one of the @key{C-w} or @key{M-w} commands to transfer text
+to the X primary selection; otherwise, Emacs will use the
+``clipboard'' selection. Likewise, @key{Cmd-y} (instead of @key{C-y})
+yanks from the X primary selection instead of the kill-ring or
+clipboard.
+
+
+@subsection Grabbing environment variables
+
+@c How is this any different to launching from a window manager menu
+@c in GNU/Linux? These are sometimes not login shells either.
+Many programs which may run under Emacs, like latex or man, depend on the
+settings of environment variables. If Emacs is launched from the shell, it
+will automatically inherit these environment variables and its subprocesses
+will inherit them from it. But if Emacs is launched from the Finder it
+is not a descendant of any shell, so its environment variables haven't been
+set, which often causes the subprocesses it launches to behave differently than
+they would when launched from the shell.
+
+For the PATH and MANPATH variables, a system-wide method
+of setting PATH is recommended on Mac OS X 10.5 and later, using the
+@file{/etc/paths} files and the @file{/etc/paths.d} directory.
+
+@node Mac / GNUstep Customization, Mac / GNUstep Events, Mac / GNUstep Basics, Mac OS / GNUstep
+@section Mac / GNUstep Customization
+
+Emacs can be customized in several ways in addition to the standard
+customization buffers and the Options menu.
+
+
+@subsection Font and Color Panels
+
+The Font Panel may be accessed with M-x ns-popup-font-panel. It
+will set the default font in the frame most recently used or clicked
+on.
+
+@c To make the setting permanent, use @samp{Save Options} in the
+@c Options menu, or run @code{menu-bar-options-save}.
+
+You can bring up a color panel with M-x ns-popup-color-panel. and
+drag the color you want over the emacs face you want to change. Normal
+dragging will alter the foreground color. Shift dragging will alter the
+background color.
+
+@c To make the changes permanent select the "Save Options"
+@c item in the "Options" menu, or run @code{menu-bar-options-save}.
+
+Useful in this context is the listing of all faces obtained by @key{M-x}
+@code{list-faces-display}.
+
+@subsection Open files by dragging to an Emacs window
+
+The default behaviour when a user drags files from another application
+into an Emacs frame is to insert the contents of all the dragged files
+into the current buffer. To remap the @code{ns-drag-file} event to
+open the dragged files in the current frame use the following line:
+
+@lisp
+(define-key global-map [ns-drag-file] 'ns-find-file)
+@end lisp
+
+
+@node Mac / GNUstep Events, GNUstep Support, Mac / GNUstep Customization, Mac OS / GNUstep
+@section Windowing System Events under Mac OS / GNUstep
+
+ Nextstep applications receive a number of special events which have
+no X equivalent. These are sent as specially defined ``keys'', which
+do not correspond to any sequence of keystrokes. Under Emacs, these
+``key'' events can be bound to functions just like ordinary
+keystrokes. Here is a list of these events.
+
+@table @key
+@item ns-open-file
+@vindex ns-pop-up-frames
+This event occurs when another Nextstep application requests that
+Emacs open a file. A typical reason for this would be a user
+double-clicking a file in the Finder application. By default, Emacs
+responds to this event by opening a new frame and visiting the file in
+that frame (@code{ns-find-file}). As an exception, if the selected
+buffer is the @samp{*scratch*} buffer, Emacs visits the file in the
+selected frame.
+
+You can change how Emacs responds to @key{ns-open-file} by changing
+the variable @code{ns-pop-up-frames}. Its default value,
+@code{'fresh}, is what we have just described. A value of @code{t}
+means to always visit the file in a new frame. A value of @code{nil}
+means to always visit the file in an existing frame.
+
+@item ns-open-temp-file
+This event occurs when another application requests that Emacs open a
+temporary file. By default, this is handled by just generating a
+@code{ns-open-file} event, the results of which are described above.
+
+You can bind @key{ns-pop-up-frames} and @key{ns-open-temp-file} to
+other Lisp functions. When the event is registered, the name of the
+file to open is stored in the variable @code{ns-input-file}.
+
+@item ns-open-file-line
+Some applications, such as ProjectBuilder and gdb, request not only a
+particular file, but also a particular line or sequence of lines in
+the file. Emacs handles this by visiting that file and highlighting
+the requested line (@code{ns-open-file-select-line}).
+
+@item ns-drag-file
+This event occurs when a user drags files from another application
+into an Emacs frame. The default behavior is to insert the contents
+of all the dragged files into the current buffer
+(@code{ns-insert-files}). The list of dragged files is stored in the
+variable @code{ns-input-file}.
+
+@item ns-drag-color
+This event occurs when a user drags a color from the color well (or
+some other source) into an Emacs frame. The default behavior is to
+alter the foreground color of the area the color was dragged onto
+(@code{ns-set-foreground-at-mouse}). If this event is issued with a
+@key{Shift} modifier, Emacs changes the background color instead
+(@code{ns-set-background-at-mouse}). The name of the dragged color is
+stored in the variable @code{ns-input-color}.
+
+@item ns-change-font
+This event occurs when the user selects a font in a Nextstep font
+panel (which can be opened with @kbd{Cmd-t}). The default behavior is
+to adjust the font of the selected frame
+(@code{ns-respond-to-changefont}). The name and size of the selected
+font are stored in the variables @code{ns-input-font} and
+@code{ns-input-fontsize}, respectively.
+
+@item ns-power-off
+This event occurs when the user logs out and Emacs is still running, or when
+`Quit Emacs' is chosen from the application menu.
+The default behavior is to save all file-visiting buffers.
+@end table
+
+ Emacs also allows users to make use of Nextstep services, via a set
+of commands whose names begin with @samp{ns-service-} and end with the
+name of the service. Type @kbd{M-x ns-service-@key{TAB}@key{TAB}} to
+see a list of these commands. These functions either operate on
+marked text (replacing it with the result) or take a string argument
+and return the result as a string. You can also use the Lisp function
+@code{ns-perform-service} to pass arbitrary strings to arbitrary
+services and receive the results back. Note that you may need to
+restart Emacs to access newly-available services.
+
+@node GNUstep Support, , Mac / GNUstep Events, Mac OS / GNUstep
+@section GNUstep Support
+
+Emacs can be built and run under GNUstep, but there are still some
+issues to be addressed. Interested developers should contact
+@email{emacs-devel@@gnu.org}.
HCoop / bpt / emacs.git / blobdiff