@c -*-texinfo-*-
@c This is part of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2001,
-@c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1990-1995, 1998-1999, 2001-2011
+@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c See the file elisp.texi for copying conditions.
@setfilename ../../info/strings
@node Strings and Characters, Lists, Numbers, Top
* String Conversion:: Converting to and from characters and strings.
* Formatting Strings:: @code{format}: Emacs's analogue of @code{printf}.
* Case Conversion:: Case conversion functions.
-* Case Tables:: Customizing case conversion.
+* Case Tables:: Customizing case conversion.
@end menu
@node String Basics
@result{} ""
@end example
- Other functions to compare with this one include @code{char-to-string}
-(@pxref{String Conversion}), @code{make-vector} (@pxref{Vectors}), and
-@code{make-list} (@pxref{Building Lists}).
+ Other functions to compare with this one include @code{make-vector}
+(@pxref{Vectors}) and @code{make-list} (@pxref{Building Lists}).
@end defun
@defun string &rest characters
@noindent
In the above example, the index for @samp{a} is 0, the index for
@samp{b} is 1, and the index for @samp{c} is 2. The index 3---which
-is the the fourth character in the string---marks the character
-position up to which the substring is copied. Thus, @samp{abc} is
-copied from the string @code{"abcdefg"}.
+is the fourth character in the string---marks the character position
+up to which the substring is copied. Thus, @samp{abc} is copied from
+the string @code{"abcdefg"}.
A negative number counts from the end of the string, so that @minus{}1
signifies the index of the last character of the string. For example:
@result{} ("o" "o" "o")
@end example
-If you need to split a string that is a shell command, where
-individual arguments could be quoted, see @ref{Shell Arguments,
-split-string-and-unquote}.
+If you need to split a string into a list of individual command-line
+arguments suitable for @code{call-process} or @code{start-process},
+see @ref{Shell Arguments, split-string-and-unquote}.
@end defun
@defvar split-string-default-separators
@code{prin1-to-string} (@pxref{Output Functions}) can also convert
Lisp objects into strings. @code{read-from-string} (@pxref{Input
Functions}) can ``convert'' a string representation of a Lisp object
-into an object. The functions @code{string-make-multibyte} and
-@code{string-make-unibyte} convert the text representation of a string
+into an object. The functions @code{string-to-multibyte} and
+@code{string-to-unibyte} convert the text representation of a string
(@pxref{Converting Representations}).
@xref{Documentation}, for functions that produce textual descriptions
(@code{single-key-description} and @code{text-char-description}). These
are used primarily for making help messages.
-@defun char-to-string character
-@cindex character to string
-This function returns a new string containing one character,
-@var{character}. This function is semi-obsolete because the function
-@code{string} is more general. @xref{Creating Strings}.
-@end defun
-
-@defun string-to-char string
-@cindex string to character
- This function returns the first character in @var{string}. If the
-string is empty, the function returns 0. The value is also 0 when the
-first character of @var{string} is the null character, @acronym{ASCII} code
-0.
-
-@example
-(string-to-char "ABC")
- @result{} 65
-
-(string-to-char "xyz")
- @result{} 120
-(string-to-char "")
- @result{} 0
-@group
-(string-to-char "\000")
- @result{} 0
-@end group
-@end example
-
-This function may be eliminated in the future if it does not seem useful
-enough to retain.
-@end defun
-
@defun number-to-string number
@cindex integer to string
@cindex integer to decimal
@findex string-to-int
@code{string-to-int} is an obsolete alias for this function.
+@end defun
+
+@defun char-to-string character
+@cindex character to string
+This function returns a new string containing one character,
+@var{character}. This function is semi-obsolete because the function
+@code{string} is more general. @xref{Creating Strings}.
+@end defun
+
+@defun string-to-char string
+ This function returns the first character in @var{string}. This
+mostly identical to @code{(aref string 0)}, except that it returns 0
+if the string is empty. (The value is also 0 when the first character
+of @var{string} is the null character, @acronym{ASCII} code 0.) This
+function may be eliminated in the future if it does not seem useful
+enough to retain.
@end defun
Here are some other functions that can convert to or from a string:
@table @code
@item concat
-@code{concat} can convert a vector or a list into a string.
+This function converts a vector or a list into a string.
@xref{Creating Strings}.
@item vconcat
-@code{vconcat} can convert a string into a vector. @xref{Vector
+This function converts a string into a vector. @xref{Vector
Functions}.
@item append
-@code{append} can convert a string into a list. @xref{Building Lists}.
+This function converts a string into a list. @xref{Building Lists}.
+
+@item byte-to-string
+This function converts a byte of character data into a unibyte string.
+@xref{Converting Representations}.
@end table
@node Formatting Strings
@example
@group
-(format "The word `%7s' actually has %d letters in it."
+(format "The word `%7s' has %d letters in it."
"foo" (length "foo"))
- @result{} "The word ` foo' actually has 3 letters in it."
-(format "The word `%7s' actually has %d letters in it."
+ @result{} "The word ` foo' has 3 letters in it."
+(format "The word `%7s' has %d letters in it."
"specification" (length "specification"))
- @result{} "The word `specification' actually has 13 letters in it."
+ @result{} "The word `specification' has 13 letters in it."
@end group
@end example
When @var{string-or-char} is a string, this function returns a new
string in which each letter in the argument that is lower case is
converted to upper case. When @var{string-or-char} is a character,
-this function returns the corresponding upper case character (an an
+this function returns the corresponding upper case character (an
integer); if the original character is upper case, or is not a letter,
the return value is equal to the original character.
This command displays a description of the contents of the current
buffer's case table.
@end deffn
-
-@ignore
- arch-tag: 700b8e95-7aa5-4b52-9eb3-8f2e1ea152b4
-@end ignore
HCoop / bpt / emacs.git / blobdiff