@end iflatex
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-@ifnottex
-@insertcopying
-@end ifnottex
-
@dircategory Emacs
@direntry
* Gnus: (gnus). The newsreader Gnus.
@iftex
@finalout
@end iftex
-@setchapternewpage odd
-
@titlepage
@insertcopying
@end titlepage
+@summarycontents
+@contents
@node Top
@top The Gnus Newsreader
@c Adjust ../Makefile.in if you change the following line:
This manual corresponds to Gnus v5.13
+@ifnottex
+@insertcopying
+@end ifnottex
+
@end ifinfo
@iftex
Choosing a Mail Back End
* Unix Mail Box:: Using the (quite) standard Un*x mbox.
-* Rmail Babyl:: Emacs programs use the Rmail Babyl format.
+* Babyl:: Babyl was used by older versions of Rmail.
* Mail Spool:: Store your mail in a private spool?
* MH Spool:: An mhspool-like back end.
* Maildir:: Another one-file-per-message format.
@vindex gnus-auto-select-subject
If @code{gnus-auto-select-first} is non-@code{nil}, select an article
automatically when entering a group with the @kbd{SPACE} command.
-Which article this is is controlled by the
+Which article this is controlled by the
@code{gnus-auto-select-subject} variable. Valid values for this
variable are:
@node nnmairix
@subsection nnmairix
-@cindex mairix
+@cindex mairix
@cindex nnmairix
This paragraph describes how to set up mairix and the back end
@code{nnmairix} for indexing and searching your mail from within
containing mails from a certain sender, with a certain subject line or
even for one specific thread based on the Message-ID. If you check for
new mail in these folders (e.g. by pressing @kbd{g} or @kbd{M-g}), they
-automatically update themselves by calling mairix.
+automatically update themselves by calling mairix.
You might ask why you need @code{nnmairix} at all, since mairix already
creates the group, populates it with links to the mails so that you can
@kindex O r (Summary)
@findex gnus-summary-save-article-rmail
Save the current article in Rmail format
-(@code{gnus-summary-save-article-rmail}).
+(@code{gnus-summary-save-article-rmail}). This is mbox since Emacs 23,
+Babyl in older versions.
@item O f
@kindex O f (Summary)
@findex gnus-summary-save-in-rmail
@vindex gnus-rmail-save-name
@findex gnus-plain-save-name
-This is the default format, @dfn{Babyl}. Uses the function in the
+This is the default format, that used by the Rmail package. Since Emacs
+23, Rmail uses standard mbox format. Before this, it used the
+@dfn{Babyl} format. Accordingly, this command writes mbox format since
+Emacs 23, unless appending to an existing Babyl file. In older versions
+of Emacs, it always uses Babyl format. Uses the function in the
@code{gnus-rmail-save-name} variable to get a file name to save the
article in. The default is @code{gnus-plain-save-name}.
@item
To handle @acronym{PGP} and @acronym{PGP/MIME} messages, you have to
install an OpenPGP implementation such as GnuPG. The Lisp interface
-to GnuPG included with Gnus is called PGG (@pxref{Top, ,PGG, pgg, PGG
-Manual}), but Mailcrypt and gpg.el are also supported.
+to GnuPG included with Emacs is called EasyPG (@pxref{Top, ,EasyPG,
+epa, EasyPG Assistant user's manual}), but PGG (@pxref{Top, ,PGG, pgg,
+PGG Manual}), Mailcrypt, and gpg.el are also supported.
@item
To handle @acronym{S/MIME} message, you need to install OpenSSL. OpenSSL 0.9.6
@end enumerate
-The variables that control security functionality on reading messages
-include:
+The variables that control security functionality on reading/composing
+messages include:
@table @code
@item mm-verify-option
@code{always}, always decrypt; @code{known}, only decrypt known
protocols. Otherwise, ask user.
+@item mm-sign-option
+@vindex mm-sign-option
+Option of creating signed parts. @code{nil}, use default signing
+keys; @code{guided}, ask user to select signing keys from the menu.
+
+@item mm-encrypt-option
+@vindex mm-encrypt-option
+Option of creating encrypted parts. @code{nil}, use the first
+public-key matching the @samp{From:} header as the recipient;
+@code{guided}, ask user to select recipient keys from the menu.
+
@item mml1991-use
@vindex mml1991-use
Symbol indicating elisp interface to OpenPGP implementation for
-@acronym{PGP} messages. The default is @code{pgg}, but
-@code{mailcrypt} and @code{gpg} are also supported although
-deprecated.
+@acronym{PGP} messages. The default is @code{epg}, but @code{pgg},
+@code{mailcrypt}, and @code{gpg} are also supported although
+deprecated. By default, Gnus uses the first available interface in
+this order.
@item mml2015-use
@vindex mml2015-use
Symbol indicating elisp interface to OpenPGP implementation for
-@acronym{PGP/MIME} messages. The default is @code{pgg}, but
-@code{mailcrypt} and @code{gpg} are also supported although
-deprecated.
+@acronym{PGP/MIME} messages. The default is @code{epg}, but
+@code{pgg}, @code{mailcrypt}, and @code{gpg} are also supported
+although deprecated. By default, Gnus uses the first available
+interface in this order.
@end table
Does essentially the same, but uses @code{telnet} instead of @samp{netcat}
to connect to the real @acronym{NNTP} server from the intermediate host.
@code{telnet} is a bit less robust because of things like
-line-end-conversion, but sometimes @code{netcat} is simply not available.
+line-end-conversion, but sometimes @code{netcat} is simply not available.
@code{nntp-open-via-rlogin-and-telnet}-specific variables:
commands will not mark an article as expirable, even if the group has
auto-expire turned on.
+@vindex gnus-mark-copied-or-moved-articles-as-expirable
+The expirable marks of articles will be removed when copying or moving
+them to a group in which auto-expire is not turned on. This is for
+preventing articles from being expired unintentionally. On the other
+hand, to a group that has turned auto-expire on, the expirable marks of
+articles that are copied or moved will not be changed by default. I.e.,
+when copying or moving to such a group, articles that were expirable
+will be left expirable and ones that were not expirable will not be
+marked as expirable. So, even though in auto-expire groups, some
+articles will never get expired (unless you read them again). If you
+don't side with that behavior that unexpirable articles may be mixed
+into auto-expire groups, you can set
+@code{gnus-mark-copied-or-moved-articles-as-expirable} to a
+non-@code{nil} value. In that case, articles that have been read will
+be marked as expirable automatically when being copied or moved to a
+group that has auto-expire turned on. The default value is @code{nil}.
+
@node Washing Mail
@subsection Washing Mail
@vindex nnmh-get-new-mail
@vindex nnfolder-get-new-mail
This might be too much, if, for instance, you are reading mail quite
-happily with @code{nnml} and just want to peek at some old Rmail
-file you have stashed away with @code{nnbabyl}. All back ends have
+happily with @code{nnml} and just want to peek at some old (pre-Emacs
+23) Rmail file you have stashed away with @code{nnbabyl}. All back ends have
variables called back-end-@code{get-new-mail}. If you want to disable
the @code{nnbabyl} mail reading, you edit the virtual server for the
group to have a setting where @code{nnbabyl-get-new-mail} to @code{nil}.
@menu
* Unix Mail Box:: Using the (quite) standard Un*x mbox.
-* Rmail Babyl:: Emacs programs use the Rmail Babyl format.
+* Babyl:: Babyl was used by older versions of Rmail.
* Mail Spool:: Store your mail in a private spool?
* MH Spool:: An mhspool-like back end.
* Maildir:: Another one-file-per-message format.
@end table
-@node Rmail Babyl
-@subsubsection Rmail Babyl
+@node Babyl
+@subsubsection Babyl
@cindex nnbabyl
-@cindex Rmail mbox
@vindex nnbabyl-active-file
@vindex nnbabyl-mbox-file
-The @dfn{nnbabyl} back end will use a Babyl mail box (aka. @dfn{Rmail
-mbox}) to store mail. @code{nnbabyl} will add extra headers to each
-mail article to say which group it belongs in.
+The @dfn{nnbabyl} back end will use a Babyl mail box to store mail.
+@code{nnbabyl} will add extra headers to each mail article to say which
+group it belongs in.
Virtual server settings:
@table @code
@item nnbabyl-mbox-file
@vindex nnbabyl-mbox-file
-The name of the Rmail mbox file. The default is @file{~/RMAIL}
+The name of the Babyl file. The default is @file{~/RMAIL}
@item nnbabyl-active-file
@vindex nnbabyl-active-file
-The name of the active file for the rmail box. The default is
+The name of the active file for the Babyl file. The default is
@file{~/.rmail-active}
@item nnbabyl-get-new-mail
VM, for that matter) continue to support this format because it's
perceived as having some good qualities in those mailer-specific
headers/status bits stuff. Rmail itself still exists as well, of
-course, and is still maintained by Stallman.
+course, and is still maintained within Emacs. Since Emacs 23, it
+uses standard mbox format rather than Babyl.
Both of the above forms leave your mail in a single file on your
file system, and they must parse that entire file each time you take a
@table @code
@cindex Babyl
-@cindex Rmail mbox
@item babyl
-The Babyl (Rmail) mail box.
+The Babyl format.
@cindex mbox
@cindex Unix mbox
What use are these NoCeM messages if the articles are canceled anyway?
Some sites do not honor cancel messages and some sites just honor cancels
from a select few people. Then you may wish to make use of the NoCeM
-messages, which are distributed in the @samp{alt.nocem.misc} newsgroup.
+messages, which are distributed in the newsgroups
+@samp{news.lists.filters}, @samp{alt.nocem.misc}, etc.
Gnus can read and parse the messages in this group automatically, and
this will make spam disappear.
value is not exceeding a group level that you specify as the prefix
argument to some commands, e.g. @code{gnus},
@code{gnus-group-get-new-news}, etc. Otherwise, Gnus does not scan
-NoCeM messages if you specify a group level to those commands. For
-example, if you use 1 or 2 on the mail groups and the levels on the news
-groups remain the default, 3 is the best choice.
+NoCeM messages if you specify a group level that is smaller than this
+value to those commands. For example, if you use 1 or 2 on the mail
+groups and the levels on the news groups remain the default, 3 is the
+best choice.
@item gnus-nocem-groups
@vindex gnus-nocem-groups
Gnus will look for NoCeM messages in the groups in this list. The
default is
@lisp
-("news.lists.filters" "news.admin.net-abuse.bulletins"
- "alt.nocem.misc" "news.admin.net-abuse.announce")
+("news.lists.filters" "alt.nocem.misc")
@end lisp
@item gnus-nocem-issuers
@vindex gnus-nocem-issuers
There are many people issuing NoCeM messages. This list says what
-people you want to listen to. The default is
+people you want to listen to. The default is:
+
@lisp
-("Automoose-1" "clewis@@ferret.ocunix.on.ca"
- "cosmo.roadkill" "SpamHippo" "hweede@@snafu.de")
+("Adri Verhoef"
+ "alba-nocem@@albasani.net"
+ "bleachbot@@httrack.com"
+ "news@@arcor-online.net"
+ "news@@uni-berlin.de"
+ "nocem@@arcor.de"
+ "pgpmoose@@killfile.org"
+ "xjsppl@@gmx.de")
@end lisp
-fine, upstanding citizens all of them.
Known despammers that you can put in this list are listed at@*
@uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~rosalind/nocemreg/nocemreg.html}.
@item gnus-nocem-verifyer
@vindex gnus-nocem-verifyer
+@findex gnus-nocem-epg-verify
@findex pgg-verify
This should be a function for verifying that the NoCeM issuer is who she
-says she is. The default is @code{pgg-verify}, which returns
-non-@code{nil} if the verification is successful, otherwise (including
-the case the NoCeM message was not signed) returns @code{nil}. If this
-is too slow and you don't care for verification (which may be dangerous),
-you can set this variable to @code{nil}.
+says she is. This variable defaults to @code{gnus-nocem-epg-verify} if
+EasyPG is available, otherwise defaults to @code{pgg-verify}. The
+function should return non-@code{nil} if the verification is successful,
+otherwise (including the case the NoCeM message was not signed) should
+return @code{nil}. If this is too slow and you don't care for
+verification (which may be dangerous), you can set this variable to
+@code{nil}.
Formerly the default was @code{mc-verify}, which is a Mailcrypt
function. While you can still use it, you can change it into
-@code{pgg-verify} running with GnuPG if you are willing to add the
-@acronym{PGP} public keys to GnuPG's keyring.
+@code{gnus-nocem-epg-verify} or @code{pgg-verify} running with GnuPG if
+you are willing to add the @acronym{PGP} public keys to GnuPG's keyring.
@item gnus-nocem-directory
@vindex gnus-nocem-directory
@item gnus-nocem-check-article-limit
@vindex gnus-nocem-check-article-limit
If non-@code{nil}, the maximum number of articles to check in any NoCeM
-group. NoCeM groups can be huge and very slow to process.
+group. @code{nil} means no restriction. NoCeM groups can be huge and
+very slow to process.
@end table
@vindex nnimap-split-download-body
Note for IMAP users: if you use the @code{spam-check-bogofilter},
@code{spam-check-ifile}, and @code{spam-check-stat} spam back ends,
-you should also set set the variable @code{nnimap-split-download-body}
+you should also set the variable @code{nnimap-split-download-body}
to @code{t}. These spam back ends are most useful when they can
``scan'' the full message body. By default, the nnimap back end only
retrieves the message headers; @code{nnimap-split-download-body} tells
@end enumerate
@menu
-* Setup::
-* Fancy splitting to parent::
-* Store custom flags and keywords::
-* Store arbitrary data::
+* Setup::
+* Fancy splitting to parent::
+* Store custom flags and keywords::
+* Store arbitrary data::
@end menu
@node Setup
@acronym{IMAP} users might want to allow @samp{/} in group names though.
+@item gnus-safe-html-newsgroups
+@vindex gnus-safe-html-newsgroups
+Groups in which links in html articles are considered all safe. The
+value may be a regexp matching those groups, a list of group names, or
+@code{nil}. This overrides @code{mm-w3m-safe-url-regexp}. The default
+value is @code{"\\`nnrss[+:]"}. This is effective only when emacs-w3m
+renders html articles, i.e., in the case @code{mm-text-html-renderer} is
+set to @code{w3m}. @xref{Display Customization, ,Display Customization,
+emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME Manual}.
@end table
@item
@code{message-insinuate-rmail}
+@c FIXME should that not be 'message-user-agent?
Adding @code{(message-insinuate-rmail)} and @code{(setq
mail-user-agent 'gnus-user-agent)} in @file{.emacs} convinces Rmail to
compose, reply and forward messages in message-mode, where you can
@lisp
;;; @r{nndir.el --- single directory newsgroup access for Gnus}
-;; @r{Copyright (C) 1995,96 Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
+;; @r{Copyright (C) 1995,1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
;;; @r{Code:}
@chapter Key Index
@printindex ky
-@summarycontents
-@contents
@bye
@iftex