(term-replace-by-expanded-filename, term-prompt-regexp,
[bpt/emacs.git] / lisp / calc / calc-alg.el
CommitLineData
a1506d29 1;;; calc-alg.el --- algebraic functions for Calc
3132f345 2
a42e94ca 3;; Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2001, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3132f345
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4
5;; Author: David Gillespie <daveg@synaptics.com>
0c908945 6;; Maintainer: Jay Belanger <belanger@truman.edu>
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7
8;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
9
10;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. No author or distributor
12;; accepts responsibility to anyone for the consequences of using it
13;; or for whether it serves any particular purpose or works at all,
14;; unless he says so in writing. Refer to the GNU Emacs General Public
15;; License for full details.
16
17;; Everyone is granted permission to copy, modify and redistribute
18;; GNU Emacs, but only under the conditions described in the
19;; GNU Emacs General Public License. A copy of this license is
20;; supposed to have been given to you along with GNU Emacs so you
21;; can know your rights and responsibilities. It should be in a
22;; file named COPYING. Among other things, the copyright notice
23;; and this notice must be preserved on all copies.
24
3132f345 25;;; Commentary:
136211a9 26
3132f345 27;;; Code:
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28
29;; This file is autoloaded from calc-ext.el.
136211a9 30
41cf648d 31(require 'calc-ext)
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32(require 'calc-macs)
33
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34;;; Algebra commands.
35
36(defun calc-alg-evaluate (arg)
37 (interactive "p")
38 (calc-slow-wrapper
39 (calc-with-default-simplification
40 (let ((math-simplify-only nil))
41 (calc-modify-simplify-mode arg)
d3896480 42 (calc-enter-result 1 "dsmp" (calc-top 1))))))
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43
44(defun calc-modify-simplify-mode (arg)
45 (if (= (math-abs arg) 2)
46 (setq calc-simplify-mode 'alg)
47 (if (>= (math-abs arg) 3)
48 (setq calc-simplify-mode 'ext)))
49 (if (< arg 0)
d3896480 50 (setq calc-simplify-mode (list calc-simplify-mode))))
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51
52(defun calc-simplify ()
53 (interactive)
54 (calc-slow-wrapper
55 (calc-with-default-simplification
d3896480 56 (calc-enter-result 1 "simp" (math-simplify (calc-top-n 1))))))
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57
58(defun calc-simplify-extended ()
59 (interactive)
60 (calc-slow-wrapper
61 (calc-with-default-simplification
d3896480 62 (calc-enter-result 1 "esmp" (math-simplify-extended (calc-top-n 1))))))
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63
64(defun calc-expand-formula (arg)
65 (interactive "p")
66 (calc-slow-wrapper
67 (calc-with-default-simplification
68 (let ((math-simplify-only nil))
69 (calc-modify-simplify-mode arg)
a1506d29 70 (calc-enter-result 1 "expf"
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71 (if (> arg 0)
72 (let ((math-expand-formulas t))
73 (calc-top-n 1))
74 (let ((top (calc-top-n 1)))
75 (or (math-expand-formula top)
d3896480 76 top))))))))
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77
78(defun calc-factor (arg)
79 (interactive "P")
80 (calc-slow-wrapper
81 (calc-unary-op "fctr" (if (calc-is-hyperbolic)
82 'calcFunc-factors 'calcFunc-factor)
d3896480 83 arg)))
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84
85(defun calc-expand (n)
86 (interactive "P")
87 (calc-slow-wrapper
88 (calc-enter-result 1 "expa"
89 (append (list 'calcFunc-expand
90 (calc-top-n 1))
d3896480 91 (and n (list (prefix-numeric-value n)))))))
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92
93(defun calc-collect (&optional var)
94 (interactive "sCollect terms involving: ")
95 (calc-slow-wrapper
96 (if (or (equal var "") (equal var "$") (null var))
97 (calc-enter-result 2 "clct" (cons 'calcFunc-collect
98 (calc-top-list-n 2)))
99 (let ((var (math-read-expr var)))
100 (if (eq (car-safe var) 'error)
101 (error "Bad format in expression: %s" (nth 1 var)))
102 (calc-enter-result 1 "clct" (list 'calcFunc-collect
103 (calc-top-n 1)
d3896480 104 var))))))
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105
106(defun calc-apart (arg)
107 (interactive "P")
108 (calc-slow-wrapper
d3896480 109 (calc-unary-op "aprt" 'calcFunc-apart arg)))
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110
111(defun calc-normalize-rat (arg)
112 (interactive "P")
113 (calc-slow-wrapper
d3896480 114 (calc-unary-op "nrat" 'calcFunc-nrat arg)))
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115
116(defun calc-poly-gcd (arg)
117 (interactive "P")
118 (calc-slow-wrapper
d3896480 119 (calc-binary-op "pgcd" 'calcFunc-pgcd arg)))
136211a9 120
0c908945 121
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122(defun calc-poly-div (arg)
123 (interactive "P")
124 (calc-slow-wrapper
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125 (let ((calc-poly-div-remainder nil))
126 (calc-binary-op "pdiv" 'calcFunc-pdiv arg)
127 (if (and calc-poly-div-remainder (null arg))
128 (progn
129 (calc-clear-command-flag 'clear-message)
130 (calc-record calc-poly-div-remainder "prem")
131 (if (not (Math-zerop calc-poly-div-remainder))
132 (message "(Remainder was %s)"
133 (math-format-flat-expr calc-poly-div-remainder 0))
134 (message "(No remainder)")))))))
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135
136(defun calc-poly-rem (arg)
137 (interactive "P")
138 (calc-slow-wrapper
d3896480 139 (calc-binary-op "prem" 'calcFunc-prem arg)))
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140
141(defun calc-poly-div-rem (arg)
142 (interactive "P")
143 (calc-slow-wrapper
144 (if (calc-is-hyperbolic)
145 (calc-binary-op "pdvr" 'calcFunc-pdivide arg)
d3896480 146 (calc-binary-op "pdvr" 'calcFunc-pdivrem arg))))
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147
148(defun calc-substitute (&optional oldname newname)
149 (interactive "sSubstitute old: ")
150 (calc-slow-wrapper
151 (let (old new (num 1) expr)
152 (if (or (equal oldname "") (equal oldname "$") (null oldname))
153 (setq new (calc-top-n 1)
154 old (calc-top-n 2)
155 expr (calc-top-n 3)
156 num 3)
157 (or newname
158 (progn (calc-unread-command ?\C-a)
159 (setq newname (read-string (concat "Substitute old: "
160 oldname
161 ", new: ")
162 oldname))))
163 (if (or (equal newname "") (equal newname "$") (null newname))
164 (setq new (calc-top-n 1)
165 expr (calc-top-n 2)
166 num 2)
167 (setq new (if (stringp newname) (math-read-expr newname) newname))
168 (if (eq (car-safe new) 'error)
169 (error "Bad format in expression: %s" (nth 1 new)))
170 (setq expr (calc-top-n 1)))
171 (setq old (if (stringp oldname) (math-read-expr oldname) oldname))
172 (if (eq (car-safe old) 'error)
173 (error "Bad format in expression: %s" (nth 1 old)))
174 (or (math-expr-contains expr old)
3132f345 175 (error "No occurrences found")))
d3896480 176 (calc-enter-result num "sbst" (math-expr-subst expr old new)))))
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177
178
179(defun calc-has-rules (name)
180 (setq name (calc-var-value name))
181 (and (consp name)
182 (memq (car name) '(vec calcFunc-assign calcFunc-condition))
d3896480 183 name))
136211a9 184
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185;; math-eval-rules-cache and math-eval-rules-cache-other are
186;; declared in calc.el, but are used here by math-recompile-eval-rules.
187(defvar math-eval-rules-cache)
188(defvar math-eval-rules-cache-other)
189
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190(defun math-recompile-eval-rules ()
191 (setq math-eval-rules-cache (and (calc-has-rules 'var-EvalRules)
192 (math-compile-rewrites
193 '(var EvalRules var-EvalRules)))
194 math-eval-rules-cache-other (assq nil math-eval-rules-cache)
d3896480 195 math-eval-rules-cache-tag (calc-var-value 'var-EvalRules)))
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196
197
198;;; Try to expand a formula according to its definition.
199(defun math-expand-formula (expr)
200 (and (consp expr)
201 (symbolp (car expr))
202 (or (get (car expr) 'calc-user-defn)
203 (get (car expr) 'math-expandable))
204 (let ((res (let ((math-expand-formulas t))
205 (apply (car expr) (cdr expr)))))
206 (and (not (eq (car-safe res) (car expr)))
d3896480 207 res))))
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208
209
210
211
212;;; True if A comes before B in a canonical ordering of expressions. [P X X]
213(defun math-beforep (a b) ; [Public]
214 (cond ((and (Math-realp a) (Math-realp b))
215 (let ((comp (math-compare a b)))
216 (or (eq comp -1)
217 (and (eq comp 0)
218 (not (equal a b))
219 (> (length (memq (car-safe a)
220 '(bigneg nil bigpos frac float)))
221 (length (memq (car-safe b)
222 '(bigneg nil bigpos frac float))))))))
223 ((equal b '(neg (var inf var-inf))) nil)
224 ((equal a '(neg (var inf var-inf))) t)
225 ((equal a '(var inf var-inf)) nil)
226 ((equal b '(var inf var-inf)) t)
227 ((Math-realp a)
228 (if (and (eq (car-safe b) 'intv) (math-intv-constp b))
229 (if (or (math-beforep a (nth 2 b)) (Math-equal a (nth 2 b)))
230 t
231 nil)
232 t))
233 ((Math-realp b)
234 (if (and (eq (car-safe a) 'intv) (math-intv-constp a))
235 (if (math-beforep (nth 2 a) b)
236 t
237 nil)
238 nil))
239 ((and (eq (car a) 'intv) (eq (car b) 'intv)
240 (math-intv-constp a) (math-intv-constp b))
241 (let ((comp (math-compare (nth 2 a) (nth 2 b))))
242 (cond ((eq comp -1) t)
243 ((eq comp 1) nil)
244 ((and (memq (nth 1 a) '(2 3)) (memq (nth 1 b) '(0 1))) t)
245 ((and (memq (nth 1 a) '(0 1)) (memq (nth 1 b) '(2 3))) nil)
246 ((eq (setq comp (math-compare (nth 3 a) (nth 3 b))) -1) t)
247 ((eq comp 1) nil)
248 ((and (memq (nth 1 a) '(0 2)) (memq (nth 1 b) '(1 3))) t)
249 (t nil))))
250 ((not (eq (not (Math-objectp a)) (not (Math-objectp b))))
251 (Math-objectp a))
252 ((eq (car a) 'var)
253 (if (eq (car b) 'var)
254 (string-lessp (symbol-name (nth 1 a)) (symbol-name (nth 1 b)))
255 (not (Math-numberp b))))
256 ((eq (car b) 'var) (Math-numberp a))
257 ((eq (car a) (car b))
258 (while (and (setq a (cdr a) b (cdr b)) a
259 (equal (car a) (car b))))
260 (and b
261 (or (null a)
262 (math-beforep (car a) (car b)))))
d3896480 263 (t (string-lessp (symbol-name (car a)) (symbol-name (car b))))))
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264
265
d3896480 266(defsubst math-simplify-extended (a)
136211a9 267 (let ((math-living-dangerously t))
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268 (math-simplify a)))
269
270(defalias 'calcFunc-esimplify 'math-simplify-extended)
136211a9 271
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272;; math-top-only is local to math-simplify, but is used by
273;; math-simplify-step, which is called by math-simplify.
274(defvar math-top-only)
275
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276(defun math-simplify (top-expr)
277 (let ((math-simplifying t)
0c908945 278 (math-top-only (consp calc-simplify-mode))
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279 (simp-rules (append (and (calc-has-rules 'var-AlgSimpRules)
280 '((var AlgSimpRules var-AlgSimpRules)))
281 (and math-living-dangerously
282 (calc-has-rules 'var-ExtSimpRules)
283 '((var ExtSimpRules var-ExtSimpRules)))
284 (and math-simplifying-units
285 (calc-has-rules 'var-UnitSimpRules)
286 '((var UnitSimpRules var-UnitSimpRules)))
287 (and math-integrating
288 (calc-has-rules 'var-IntegSimpRules)
289 '((var IntegSimpRules var-IntegSimpRules)))))
290 res)
0c908945 291 (if math-top-only
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292 (let ((r simp-rules))
293 (setq res (math-simplify-step (math-normalize top-expr))
294 calc-simplify-mode '(nil)
295 top-expr (math-normalize res))
296 (while r
297 (setq top-expr (math-rewrite top-expr (car r)
298 '(neg (var inf var-inf)))
299 r (cdr r))))
300 (calc-with-default-simplification
301 (while (let ((r simp-rules))
302 (setq res (math-normalize top-expr))
303 (while r
304 (setq res (math-rewrite res (car r))
305 r (cdr r)))
306 (not (equal top-expr (setq res (math-simplify-step res)))))
307 (setq top-expr res)))))
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308 top-expr)
309
310(defalias 'calcFunc-simplify 'math-simplify)
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311
312;;; The following has a "bug" in that if any recursive simplifications
313;;; occur only the first handler will be tried; this doesn't really
314;;; matter, since math-simplify-step is iterated to a fixed point anyway.
315(defun math-simplify-step (a)
316 (if (Math-primp a)
317 a
0c908945 318 (let ((aa (if (or math-top-only
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319 (memq (car a) '(calcFunc-quote calcFunc-condition
320 calcFunc-evalto)))
321 a
322 (cons (car a) (mapcar 'math-simplify-step (cdr a))))))
323 (and (symbolp (car aa))
324 (let ((handler (get (car aa) 'math-simplify)))
325 (and handler
326 (while (and handler
327 (equal (setq aa (or (funcall (car handler) aa)
328 aa))
329 a))
330 (setq handler (cdr handler))))))
d3896480 331 aa)))
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332
333
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334(defmacro math-defsimplify (funcs &rest code)
335 (append '(progn)
336 (mapcar (function
337 (lambda (func)
338 (list 'put (list 'quote func) ''math-simplify
339 (list 'nconc
340 (list 'get (list 'quote func) ''math-simplify)
341 (list 'list
342 (list 'function
343 (append '(lambda (math-simplify-expr))
344 code)))))))
345 (if (symbolp funcs) (list funcs) funcs))))
346(put 'math-defsimplify 'lisp-indent-hook 1)
136211a9 347
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348;; The function created by math-defsimplify uses the variable
349;; math-simplify-expr, and so is used by functions in math-defsimplify
350(defvar math-simplify-expr)
351
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352(math-defsimplify (+ -)
353 (math-simplify-plus))
354
355(defun math-simplify-plus ()
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356 (cond ((and (memq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '(+ -))
357 (Math-numberp (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
358 (not (Math-numberp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
359 (let ((x (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))
360 (op (car math-simplify-expr)))
361 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
362 (setcar math-simplify-expr (car (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
363 (setcar (cdr (cdr (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) x)
364 (setcar (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) op)))
365 ((and (eq (car math-simplify-expr) '+)
366 (Math-numberp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
367 (not (Math-numberp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
368 (let ((x (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
369 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
370 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr) x))))
371 (let ((aa math-simplify-expr)
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372 aaa temp)
373 (while (memq (car-safe (setq aaa (nth 1 aa))) '(+ -))
0c908945
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374 (if (setq temp (math-combine-sum (nth 2 aaa) (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)
375 (eq (car aaa) '-)
376 (eq (car math-simplify-expr) '-) t))
136211a9 377 (progn
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378 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) temp)
379 (setcar math-simplify-expr '+)
136211a9
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380 (setcar (cdr (cdr aaa)) 0)))
381 (setq aa (nth 1 aa)))
0c908945
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382 (if (setq temp (math-combine-sum aaa (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)
383 nil (eq (car math-simplify-expr) '-) t))
136211a9 384 (progn
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385 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) temp)
386 (setcar math-simplify-expr '+)
136211a9 387 (setcar (cdr aa) 0)))
0c908945 388 math-simplify-expr))
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389
390(math-defsimplify *
391 (math-simplify-times))
392
393(defun math-simplify-times ()
0c908945
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394 (if (eq (car-safe (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) '*)
395 (and (math-beforep (nth 1 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
396 (or (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) t)
397 (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) t))
398 (let ((x (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
399 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr) (nth 1 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
400 (setcar (cdr (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) x)))
401 (and (math-beforep (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
402 (or (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) t)
403 (math-known-scalarp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) t))
404 (let ((x (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
405 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
406 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr) x))))
407 (let ((aa math-simplify-expr)
136211a9 408 aaa temp
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409 (safe t) (scalar (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
410 (if (and (Math-ratp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
411 (setq temp (math-common-constant-factor (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9 412 (progn
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413 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr))
414 (math-cancel-common-factor (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) temp))
415 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr) (math-mul (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) temp))))
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416 (while (and (eq (car-safe (setq aaa (nth 2 aa))) '*)
417 safe)
0c908945
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418 (if (setq temp (math-combine-prod (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)
419 (nth 1 aaa) nil nil t))
136211a9 420 (progn
0c908945 421 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr) temp)
136211a9
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422 (setcar (cdr aaa) 1)))
423 (setq safe (or scalar (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 aaa) t))
424 aa (nth 2 aa)))
0c908945 425 (if (and (setq temp (math-combine-prod aaa (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) nil nil t))
136211a9
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426 safe)
427 (progn
0c908945 428 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr) temp)
136211a9 429 (setcar (cdr (cdr aa)) 1)))
0c908945
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430 (if (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'frac)
431 (memq (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '(1 -1)))
432 (math-div (math-mul (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)
433 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
434 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
435 math-simplify-expr)))
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436
437(math-defsimplify /
438 (math-simplify-divide))
439
440(defun math-simplify-divide ()
0c908945 441 (let ((np (cdr math-simplify-expr))
136211a9 442 (nover nil)
0c908945
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443 (nn (and (or (eq (car math-simplify-expr) '/)
444 (not (Math-realp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
445 (math-common-constant-factor (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
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446 n op)
447 (if nn
448 (progn
0c908945
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449 (setq n (and (or (eq (car math-simplify-expr) '/)
450 (not (Math-realp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
451 (math-common-constant-factor (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
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452 (if (and (eq (car-safe nn) 'frac) (eq (nth 1 nn) 1) (not n))
453 (progn
0c908945
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454 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr)
455 (math-mul (nth 2 nn) (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
456 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr))
457 (math-cancel-common-factor (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) nn))
136211a9 458 (if (and (math-negp nn)
0c908945
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459 (setq op (assq (car math-simplify-expr) calc-tweak-eqn-table)))
460 (setcar math-simplify-expr (nth 1 op))))
136211a9
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461 (if (and n (not (eq (setq n (math-frac-gcd n nn)) 1)))
462 (progn
0c908945
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463 (setcar (cdr math-simplify-expr)
464 (math-cancel-common-factor (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) n))
465 (setcar (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr))
466 (math-cancel-common-factor (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) n))
136211a9 467 (if (and (math-negp n)
0c908945
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468 (setq op (assq (car math-simplify-expr)
469 calc-tweak-eqn-table)))
470 (setcar math-simplify-expr (nth 1 op))))))))
136211a9 471 (if (and (eq (car-safe (car np)) '/)
0c908945 472 (math-known-scalarp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) t))
136211a9 473 (progn
0c908945 474 (setq np (cdr (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9
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475 (while (eq (car-safe (setq n (car np))) '*)
476 (and (math-known-scalarp (nth 2 n) t)
0c908945 477 (math-simplify-divisor (cdr n) (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) nil t))
136211a9 478 (setq np (cdr (cdr n))))
0c908945 479 (math-simplify-divisor np (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) nil t)
136211a9 480 (setq nover t
0c908945 481 np (cdr (cdr (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
136211a9
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482 (while (eq (car-safe (setq n (car np))) '*)
483 (and (math-known-scalarp (nth 2 n) t)
0c908945 484 (math-simplify-divisor (cdr n) (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) nover t))
136211a9 485 (setq np (cdr (cdr n))))
0c908945
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486 (math-simplify-divisor np (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) nover t)
487 math-simplify-expr))
488
489;; The variables math-simplify-divisor-nover and math-simplify-divisor-dover
490;; are local variables for math-simplify-divisor, but are used by
491;; math-simplify-one-divisor.
492(defvar math-simplify-divisor-nover)
493(defvar math-simplify-divisor-dover)
136211a9 494
0c908945
JB
495(defun math-simplify-divisor (np dp math-simplify-divisor-nover
496 math-simplify-divisor-dover)
136211a9 497 (cond ((eq (car-safe (car dp)) '/)
0c908945
JB
498 (math-simplify-divisor np (cdr (car dp))
499 math-simplify-divisor-nover
500 math-simplify-divisor-dover)
136211a9
EZ
501 (and (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 (car dp)) t)
502 (math-simplify-divisor np (cdr (cdr (car dp)))
0c908945
JB
503 math-simplify-divisor-nover
504 (not math-simplify-divisor-dover))))
505 ((or (or (eq (car math-simplify-expr) '/)
136211a9
EZ
506 (let ((signs (math-possible-signs (car np))))
507 (or (memq signs '(1 4))
0c908945 508 (and (memq (car math-simplify-expr) '(calcFunc-eq calcFunc-neq))
136211a9
EZ
509 (eq signs 5))
510 math-living-dangerously)))
511 (math-numberp (car np)))
358c90f4
JB
512 (let (d
513 (safe t)
514 (scalar (math-known-scalarp (car np))))
136211a9
EZ
515 (while (and (eq (car-safe (setq d (car dp))) '*)
516 safe)
517 (math-simplify-one-divisor np (cdr d))
518 (setq safe (or scalar (math-known-scalarp (nth 1 d) t))
519 dp (cdr (cdr d))))
520 (if safe
d3896480 521 (math-simplify-one-divisor np dp))))))
136211a9
EZ
522
523(defun math-simplify-one-divisor (np dp)
0c908945
JB
524 (let ((temp (math-combine-prod (car np) (car dp) math-simplify-divisor-nover
525 math-simplify-divisor-dover t))
526 op)
527 (if temp
528 (progn
529 (and (not (memq (car math-simplify-expr) '(/ calcFunc-eq calcFunc-neq)))
530 (math-known-negp (car dp))
531 (setq op (assq (car math-simplify-expr) calc-tweak-eqn-table))
532 (setcar math-simplify-expr (nth 1 op)))
533 (setcar np (if math-simplify-divisor-nover (math-div 1 temp) temp))
534 (setcar dp 1))
535 (and math-simplify-divisor-dover (not math-simplify-divisor-nover)
536 (eq (car math-simplify-expr) '/)
537 (eq (car-safe (car dp)) 'calcFunc-sqrt)
538 (Math-integerp (nth 1 (car dp)))
539 (progn
540 (setcar np (math-mul (car np)
541 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (nth 1 (car dp)))))
542 (setcar dp (nth 1 (car dp))))))))
136211a9
EZ
543
544(defun math-common-constant-factor (expr)
545 (if (Math-realp expr)
546 (if (Math-ratp expr)
547 (and (not (memq expr '(0 1 -1)))
548 (math-abs expr))
549 (if (math-ratp (setq expr (math-to-simple-fraction expr)))
550 (math-common-constant-factor expr)))
551 (if (memq (car expr) '(+ - cplx sdev))
552 (let ((f1 (math-common-constant-factor (nth 1 expr)))
553 (f2 (math-common-constant-factor (nth 2 expr))))
554 (and f1 f2
555 (not (eq (setq f1 (math-frac-gcd f1 f2)) 1))
556 f1))
557 (if (memq (car expr) '(* polar))
558 (math-common-constant-factor (nth 1 expr))
559 (if (eq (car expr) '/)
560 (or (math-common-constant-factor (nth 1 expr))
561 (and (Math-integerp (nth 2 expr))
d3896480 562 (list 'frac 1 (math-abs (nth 2 expr))))))))))
136211a9
EZ
563
564(defun math-cancel-common-factor (expr val)
565 (if (memq (car-safe expr) '(+ - cplx sdev))
566 (progn
567 (setcar (cdr expr) (math-cancel-common-factor (nth 1 expr) val))
568 (setcar (cdr (cdr expr)) (math-cancel-common-factor (nth 2 expr) val))
569 expr)
570 (if (eq (car-safe expr) '*)
571 (math-mul (math-cancel-common-factor (nth 1 expr) val) (nth 2 expr))
d3896480 572 (math-div expr val))))
136211a9
EZ
573
574(defun math-frac-gcd (a b)
575 (if (Math-zerop a)
576 b
577 (if (Math-zerop b)
578 a
579 (if (and (Math-integerp a)
580 (Math-integerp b))
581 (math-gcd a b)
582 (and (Math-integerp a) (setq a (list 'frac a 1)))
583 (and (Math-integerp b) (setq b (list 'frac b 1)))
584 (math-make-frac (math-gcd (nth 1 a) (nth 1 b))
d3896480 585 (math-gcd (nth 2 a) (nth 2 b)))))))
136211a9
EZ
586
587(math-defsimplify %
588 (math-simplify-mod))
589
590(defun math-simplify-mod ()
0c908945
JB
591 (and (Math-realp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))
592 (Math-posp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))
593 (let ((lin (math-is-linear (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9
EZ
594 t1 t2 t3)
595 (or (and lin
596 (or (math-negp (car lin))
0c908945 597 (not (Math-lessp (car lin) (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
598 (list '%
599 (list '+
600 (math-mul (nth 1 lin) (nth 2 lin))
0c908945
JB
601 (math-mod (car lin) (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
602 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9
EZ
603 (and lin
604 (not (math-equal-int (nth 1 lin) 1))
605 (math-num-integerp (nth 1 lin))
0c908945
JB
606 (math-num-integerp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))
607 (setq t1 (calcFunc-gcd (nth 1 lin) (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9
EZ
608 (not (math-equal-int t1 1))
609 (list '*
610 t1
611 (list '%
612 (list '+
613 (math-mul (math-div (nth 1 lin) t1)
614 (nth 2 lin))
615 (let ((calc-prefer-frac t))
616 (math-div (car lin) t1)))
0c908945
JB
617 (math-div (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) t1))))
618 (and (math-equal-int (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) 1)
136211a9
EZ
619 (math-known-integerp (if lin
620 (math-mul (nth 1 lin) (nth 2 lin))
0c908945 621 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
d3896480 622 (if lin (math-mod (car lin) 1) 0))))))
136211a9
EZ
623
624(math-defsimplify (calcFunc-eq calcFunc-neq calcFunc-lt
625 calcFunc-gt calcFunc-leq calcFunc-geq)
0c908945 626 (if (= (length math-simplify-expr) 3)
136211a9
EZ
627 (math-simplify-ineq)))
628
629(defun math-simplify-ineq ()
0c908945 630 (let ((np (cdr math-simplify-expr))
136211a9
EZ
631 n)
632 (while (memq (car-safe (setq n (car np))) '(+ -))
0c908945 633 (math-simplify-add-term (cdr (cdr n)) (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr))
136211a9
EZ
634 (eq (car n) '-) nil)
635 (setq np (cdr n)))
0c908945
JB
636 (math-simplify-add-term np (cdr (cdr math-simplify-expr)) nil
637 (eq np (cdr math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9 638 (math-simplify-divide)
0c908945
JB
639 (let ((signs (math-possible-signs (cons '- (cdr math-simplify-expr)))))
640 (or (cond ((eq (car math-simplify-expr) 'calcFunc-eq)
136211a9
EZ
641 (or (and (eq signs 2) 1)
642 (and (memq signs '(1 4 5)) 0)))
0c908945 643 ((eq (car math-simplify-expr) 'calcFunc-neq)
136211a9
EZ
644 (or (and (eq signs 2) 0)
645 (and (memq signs '(1 4 5)) 1)))
0c908945 646 ((eq (car math-simplify-expr) 'calcFunc-lt)
136211a9
EZ
647 (or (and (eq signs 1) 1)
648 (and (memq signs '(2 4 6)) 0)))
0c908945 649 ((eq (car math-simplify-expr) 'calcFunc-gt)
136211a9
EZ
650 (or (and (eq signs 4) 1)
651 (and (memq signs '(1 2 3)) 0)))
0c908945 652 ((eq (car math-simplify-expr) 'calcFunc-leq)
136211a9
EZ
653 (or (and (eq signs 4) 0)
654 (and (memq signs '(1 2 3)) 1)))
0c908945 655 ((eq (car math-simplify-expr) 'calcFunc-geq)
136211a9
EZ
656 (or (and (eq signs 1) 0)
657 (and (memq signs '(2 4 6)) 1))))
0c908945 658 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
659
660(defun math-simplify-add-term (np dp minus lplain)
661 (or (math-vectorp (car np))
662 (let ((rplain t)
663 n d dd temp)
664 (while (memq (car-safe (setq n (car np) d (car dp))) '(+ -))
665 (setq rplain nil)
666 (if (setq temp (math-combine-sum n (nth 2 d)
667 minus (eq (car d) '+) t))
668 (if (or lplain (eq (math-looks-negp temp) minus))
669 (progn
670 (setcar np (setq n (if minus (math-neg temp) temp)))
671 (setcar (cdr (cdr d)) 0))
672 (progn
673 (setcar np 0)
674 (setcar (cdr (cdr d)) (setq n (if (eq (car d) '+)
675 (math-neg temp)
676 temp))))))
677 (setq dp (cdr d)))
678 (if (setq temp (math-combine-sum n d minus t t))
679 (if (or lplain
680 (and (not rplain)
681 (eq (math-looks-negp temp) minus)))
682 (progn
683 (setcar np (setq n (if minus (math-neg temp) temp)))
684 (setcar dp 0))
685 (progn
686 (setcar np 0)
d3896480 687 (setcar dp (setq n (math-neg temp)))))))))
136211a9
EZ
688
689(math-defsimplify calcFunc-sin
0c908945
JB
690 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsin)
691 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
692 (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
693 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-sin (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
136211a9 694 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'rad)
0c908945 695 (let ((n (math-linear-in (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var pi var-pi))))
136211a9
EZ
696 (and n
697 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) 120 0))))
698 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'deg)
0c908945 699 (let ((n (math-integer-plus (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
700 (and n
701 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) '(frac 2 3) 0))))
0c908945
JB
702 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccos)
703 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (math-sub 1 (math-sqr
704 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
705 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctan)
706 (math-div (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
136211a9 707 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
708 (math-add 1 (math-sqr
709 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
710 (let ((m (math-should-expand-trig (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
711 (and m (integerp (car m))
712 (let ((n (car m)) (a (nth 1 m)))
713 (list '+
714 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-sin (list '* (1- n) a))
715 (list 'calcFunc-cos a))
716 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-cos (list '* (1- n) a))
d3896480 717 (list 'calcFunc-sin a))))))))
136211a9
EZ
718
719(math-defsimplify calcFunc-cos
0c908945
JB
720 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccos)
721 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
722 (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
723 (list 'calcFunc-cos (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9 724 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'rad)
0c908945 725 (let ((n (math-linear-in (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var pi var-pi))))
136211a9
EZ
726 (and n
727 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) 120 300))))
728 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'deg)
0c908945 729 (let ((n (math-integer-plus (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
730 (and n
731 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) '(frac 2 3) 300))))
0c908945
JB
732 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsin)
733 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
734 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
735 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctan)
136211a9
EZ
736 (math-div 1
737 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
738 (math-add 1
739 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
740 (let ((m (math-should-expand-trig (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
741 (and m (integerp (car m))
742 (let ((n (car m)) (a (nth 1 m)))
743 (list '-
744 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-cos (list '* (1- n) a))
745 (list 'calcFunc-cos a))
746 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-sin (list '* (1- n) a))
d3896480 747 (list 'calcFunc-sin a))))))))
136211a9 748
6a5412e4
JB
749(math-defsimplify calcFunc-sec
750 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
751 (list 'calcFunc-sec (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
752 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'rad)
753 (let ((n (math-linear-in (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var pi var-pi))))
754 (and n
755 (math-div 1 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) 120 300)))))
756 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'deg)
757 (let ((n (math-integer-plus (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
758 (and n
759 (math-div 1 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) '(frac 2 3) 300)))))
760 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsin)
761 (math-div
762 1
763 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
764 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
765 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccos)
766 (math-div
767 1
768 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
769 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctan)
770 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
771 (math-add 1
772 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))))
773
774(math-defsimplify calcFunc-csc
775 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
776 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-csc (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
777 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'rad)
778 (let ((n (math-linear-in (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var pi var-pi))))
779 (and n
780 (math-div 1 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) 120 0)))))
781 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'deg)
782 (let ((n (math-integer-plus (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
783 (and n
784 (math-div 1 (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) '(frac 2 3) 0)))))
785 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsin)
786 (math-div 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
787 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccos)
788 (math-div
789 1
790 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (math-sub 1 (math-sqr
791 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
792 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctan)
793 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
794 (math-add 1 (math-sqr
795 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
796 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
797
136211a9
EZ
798(defun math-should-expand-trig (x &optional hyperbolic)
799 (let ((m (math-is-multiple x)))
800 (and math-living-dangerously
801 m (or (and (integerp (car m)) (> (car m) 1))
802 (equal (car m) '(frac 1 2)))
803 (or math-integrating
804 (memq (car-safe (nth 1 m))
805 (if hyperbolic
806 '(calcFunc-arcsinh calcFunc-arccosh calcFunc-arctanh)
807 '(calcFunc-arcsin calcFunc-arccos calcFunc-arctan)))
808 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 m)) 'calcFunc-ln)
809 (eq hyperbolic 'exp)))
d3896480 810 m)))
136211a9
EZ
811
812(defun math-known-sin (plus n mul off)
813 (setq n (math-mul n mul))
814 (and (math-num-integerp n)
815 (setq n (math-mod (math-add (math-trunc n) off) 240))
816 (if (>= n 120)
817 (and (setq n (math-known-sin plus (- n 120) 1 0))
818 (math-neg n))
819 (if (> n 60)
820 (setq n (- 120 n)))
821 (if (math-zerop plus)
822 (and (or calc-symbolic-mode
823 (memq n '(0 20 60)))
824 (cdr (assq n
825 '( (0 . 0)
826 (10 . (/ (calcFunc-sqrt
827 (- 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 3))) 2))
828 (12 . (/ (- (calcFunc-sqrt 5) 1) 4))
829 (15 . (/ (calcFunc-sqrt
830 (- 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 2))) 2))
831 (20 . (/ 1 2))
832 (24 . (* (^ (/ 1 2) (/ 3 2))
833 (calcFunc-sqrt
834 (- 5 (calcFunc-sqrt 5)))))
835 (30 . (/ (calcFunc-sqrt 2) 2))
836 (36 . (/ (+ (calcFunc-sqrt 5) 1) 4))
837 (40 . (/ (calcFunc-sqrt 3) 2))
838 (45 . (/ (calcFunc-sqrt
839 (+ 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 2))) 2))
840 (48 . (* (^ (/ 1 2) (/ 3 2))
841 (calcFunc-sqrt
842 (+ 5 (calcFunc-sqrt 5)))))
843 (50 . (/ (calcFunc-sqrt
844 (+ 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 3))) 2))
845 (60 . 1)))))
846 (cond ((eq n 0) (math-normalize (list 'calcFunc-sin plus)))
847 ((eq n 60) (math-normalize (list 'calcFunc-cos plus)))
d3896480 848 (t nil))))))
136211a9
EZ
849
850(math-defsimplify calcFunc-tan
0c908945
JB
851 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctan)
852 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
853 (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
854 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-tan (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
136211a9 855 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'rad)
0c908945 856 (let ((n (math-linear-in (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var pi var-pi))))
136211a9
EZ
857 (and n
858 (math-known-tan (car n) (nth 1 n) 120))))
859 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'deg)
0c908945 860 (let ((n (math-integer-plus (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
861 (and n
862 (math-known-tan (car n) (nth 1 n) '(frac 2 3)))))
0c908945
JB
863 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsin)
864 (math-div (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
136211a9 865 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
866 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
867 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccos)
136211a9 868 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
869 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
870 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
871 (let ((m (math-should-expand-trig (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
872 (and m
873 (if (equal (car m) '(frac 1 2))
874 (math-div (math-sub 1 (list 'calcFunc-cos (nth 1 m)))
875 (list 'calcFunc-sin (nth 1 m)))
0c908945
JB
876 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sin (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
877 (list 'calcFunc-cos (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))))
136211a9 878
6a5412e4
JB
879(math-defsimplify calcFunc-cot
880 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
881 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-cot (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
882 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'rad)
883 (let ((n (math-linear-in (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var pi var-pi))))
884 (and n
885 (math-div 1 (math-known-tan (car n) (nth 1 n) 120)))))
886 (and (eq calc-angle-mode 'deg)
887 (let ((n (math-integer-plus (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
888 (and n
889 (math-div 1 (math-known-tan (car n) (nth 1 n) '(frac 2 3))))))
890 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsin)
891 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
892 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
893 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
894 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccos)
895 (math-div (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
896 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
897 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
898 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctan)
899 (math-div 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
900
136211a9
EZ
901(defun math-known-tan (plus n mul)
902 (setq n (math-mul n mul))
903 (and (math-num-integerp n)
904 (setq n (math-mod (math-trunc n) 120))
905 (if (> n 60)
906 (and (setq n (math-known-tan plus (- 120 n) 1))
907 (math-neg n))
908 (if (math-zerop plus)
909 (and (or calc-symbolic-mode
910 (memq n '(0 30 60)))
911 (cdr (assq n '( (0 . 0)
912 (10 . (- 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 3)))
913 (12 . (calcFunc-sqrt
914 (- 1 (* (/ 2 5) (calcFunc-sqrt 5)))))
915 (15 . (- (calcFunc-sqrt 2) 1))
916 (20 . (/ (calcFunc-sqrt 3) 3))
917 (24 . (calcFunc-sqrt
918 (- 5 (* 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 5)))))
919 (30 . 1)
920 (36 . (calcFunc-sqrt
921 (+ 1 (* (/ 2 5) (calcFunc-sqrt 5)))))
922 (40 . (calcFunc-sqrt 3))
923 (45 . (+ (calcFunc-sqrt 2) 1))
924 (48 . (calcFunc-sqrt
925 (+ 5 (* 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 5)))))
926 (50 . (+ 2 (calcFunc-sqrt 3)))
927 (60 . (var uinf var-uinf))))))
928 (cond ((eq n 0) (math-normalize (list 'calcFunc-tan plus)))
929 ((eq n 60) (math-normalize (list '/ -1
930 (list 'calcFunc-tan plus))))
d3896480 931 (t nil))))))
136211a9
EZ
932
933(math-defsimplify calcFunc-sinh
0c908945
JB
934 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsinh)
935 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
936 (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
937 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-sinh (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
938 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccosh)
136211a9 939 math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
940 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
941 (math-sub (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1)))
942 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctanh)
136211a9 943 math-living-dangerously
0c908945 944 (math-div (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
136211a9 945 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
946 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
947 (let ((m (math-should-expand-trig (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) t)))
136211a9
EZ
948 (and m (integerp (car m))
949 (let ((n (car m)) (a (nth 1 m)))
950 (if (> n 1)
951 (list '+
952 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-sinh (list '* (1- n) a))
953 (list 'calcFunc-cosh a))
954 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-cosh (list '* (1- n) a))
d3896480 955 (list 'calcFunc-sinh a)))))))))
136211a9
EZ
956
957(math-defsimplify calcFunc-cosh
0c908945
JB
958 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccosh)
959 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
960 (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
961 (list 'calcFunc-cosh (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
962 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsinh)
136211a9 963 math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
964 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
965 (math-add (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1)))
966 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctanh)
136211a9
EZ
967 math-living-dangerously
968 (math-div 1
969 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
970 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
971 (let ((m (math-should-expand-trig (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) t)))
136211a9
EZ
972 (and m (integerp (car m))
973 (let ((n (car m)) (a (nth 1 m)))
974 (if (> n 1)
975 (list '+
976 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-cosh (list '* (1- n) a))
977 (list 'calcFunc-cosh a))
978 (list '* (list 'calcFunc-sinh (list '* (1- n) a))
d3896480 979 (list 'calcFunc-sinh a)))))))))
136211a9
EZ
980
981(math-defsimplify calcFunc-tanh
0c908945
JB
982 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctanh)
983 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
984 (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
985 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-tanh (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
986 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsinh)
136211a9 987 math-living-dangerously
0c908945 988 (math-div (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
136211a9 989 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
990 (math-add (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1))))
991 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccosh)
136211a9
EZ
992 math-living-dangerously
993 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
994 (math-sub (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1))
995 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
996 (let ((m (math-should-expand-trig (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) t)))
136211a9
EZ
997 (and m
998 (if (equal (car m) '(frac 1 2))
999 (math-div (math-sub (list 'calcFunc-cosh (nth 1 m)) 1)
1000 (list 'calcFunc-sinh (nth 1 m)))
0c908945
JB
1001 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sinh (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1002 (list 'calcFunc-cosh (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))))
136211a9 1003
6a5412e4
JB
1004(math-defsimplify calcFunc-sech
1005 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1006 (list 'calcFunc-sech (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1007 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsinh)
1008 math-living-dangerously
1009 (math-div
1010 1
1011 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1012 (math-add (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1))))
1013 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccosh)
1014 math-living-dangerously
1015 (math-div 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1)
1016 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctanh)
1017 math-living-dangerously
1018 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1019 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))))
1020
1021(math-defsimplify calcFunc-csch
1022 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1023 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-csch (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1024 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsinh)
1025 math-living-dangerously
1026 (math-div 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1027 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccosh)
1028 math-living-dangerously
1029 (math-div
1030 1
1031 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1032 (math-sub (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1))))
1033 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctanh)
1034 math-living-dangerously
1035 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1036 (math-sub 1 (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1037 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
1038
1039(math-defsimplify calcFunc-coth
1040 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1041 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-coth (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1042 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arcsinh)
1043 math-living-dangerously
1044 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1045 (math-add (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1))
1046 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1047 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arccosh)
1048 math-living-dangerously
1049 (math-div (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1050 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1051 (math-sub (math-sqr (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 1))))
1052 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-arctanh)
1053 math-living-dangerously
1054 (math-div 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
1055
136211a9 1056(math-defsimplify calcFunc-arcsin
0c908945
JB
1057 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1058 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-arcsin (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1059 (and (eq (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) 1)
136211a9 1060 (math-quarter-circle t))
0c908945 1061 (and (equal (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(frac 1 2))
136211a9
EZ
1062 (math-div (math-half-circle t) 6))
1063 (and math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1064 (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-sin)
1065 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9 1066 (and math-living-dangerously
0c908945 1067 (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-cos)
136211a9 1068 (math-sub (math-quarter-circle t)
0c908945 1069 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
136211a9
EZ
1070
1071(math-defsimplify calcFunc-arccos
0c908945 1072 (or (and (eq (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) 0)
136211a9 1073 (math-quarter-circle t))
0c908945 1074 (and (eq (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) -1)
136211a9 1075 (math-half-circle t))
0c908945 1076 (and (equal (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(frac 1 2))
136211a9 1077 (math-div (math-half-circle t) 3))
0c908945 1078 (and (equal (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(frac -1 2))
136211a9
EZ
1079 (math-div (math-mul (math-half-circle t) 2) 3))
1080 (and math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1081 (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-cos)
1082 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9 1083 (and math-living-dangerously
0c908945 1084 (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-sin)
136211a9 1085 (math-sub (math-quarter-circle t)
0c908945 1086 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
136211a9
EZ
1087
1088(math-defsimplify calcFunc-arctan
0c908945
JB
1089 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1090 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-arctan (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1091 (and (eq (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) 1)
136211a9
EZ
1092 (math-div (math-half-circle t) 4))
1093 (and math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1094 (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-tan)
1095 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
136211a9
EZ
1096
1097(math-defsimplify calcFunc-arcsinh
0c908945
JB
1098 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1099 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-arcsinh (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1100 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-sinh)
136211a9 1101 (or math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1102 (math-known-realp (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1103 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
136211a9
EZ
1104
1105(math-defsimplify calcFunc-arccosh
0c908945 1106 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-cosh)
136211a9 1107 (or math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1108 (math-known-realp (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1109 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1110
1111(math-defsimplify calcFunc-arctanh
0c908945
JB
1112 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1113 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-arctanh (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1114 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-tanh)
136211a9 1115 (or math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1116 (math-known-realp (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1117 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
136211a9
EZ
1118
1119(math-defsimplify calcFunc-sqrt
d3896480 1120 (math-simplify-sqrt))
136211a9
EZ
1121
1122(defun math-simplify-sqrt ()
0c908945
JB
1123 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'frac)
1124 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1125 (math-mul (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1126 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1127 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1128 (let ((fac (if (math-objectp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1129 (math-squared-factor (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1130 (math-common-constant-factor (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
136211a9
EZ
1131 (and fac (not (eq fac 1))
1132 (math-mul (math-normalize (list 'calcFunc-sqrt fac))
1133 (math-normalize
1134 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
0c908945
JB
1135 (math-cancel-common-factor
1136 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) fac))))))
136211a9 1137 (and math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1138 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '-)
1139 (math-equal-int (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 1)
1140 (eq (car-safe (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) '^)
1141 (math-equal-int (nth 2 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 2)
1142 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1143 'calcFunc-sin)
1144 (list 'calcFunc-cos
0c908945
JB
1145 (nth 1 (nth 1 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
1146 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1147 'calcFunc-cos)
1148 (list 'calcFunc-sin
0c908945
JB
1149 (nth 1 (nth 1 (nth 2
1150 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))))
1151 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '-)
1152 (math-equal-int (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 1)
1153 (eq (car-safe (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) '^)
1154 (math-equal-int (nth 2 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))) 2)
1155 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1156 'calcFunc-cosh)
1157 (list 'calcFunc-sinh
0c908945
JB
1158 (nth 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
1159 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '+)
1160 (let ((a (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
1161 (b (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9 1162 (and (or (and (math-equal-int a 1)
0c908945 1163 (setq a b b (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1164 (math-equal-int b 1))
1165 (eq (car-safe a) '^)
1166 (math-equal-int (nth 2 a) 2)
1167 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 a)) 'calcFunc-sinh)
1168 (list 'calcFunc-cosh (nth 1 (nth 1 a))))
6a5412e4
JB
1169 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 a)) 'calcFunc-csch)
1170 (list 'calcFunc-coth (nth 1 (nth 1 a))))
136211a9
EZ
1171 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 a)) 'calcFunc-tan)
1172 (list '/ 1 (list 'calcFunc-cos
6a5412e4
JB
1173 (nth 1 (nth 1 a)))))
1174 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 a)) 'calcFunc-cot)
1175 (list '/ 1 (list 'calcFunc-sin
136211a9 1176 (nth 1 (nth 1 a)))))))))
0c908945 1177 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '^)
136211a9 1178 (list '^
0c908945
JB
1179 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1180 (math-div (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 2)))
1181 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-sqrt)
1182 (list '^ (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) (math-div 1 4)))
1183 (and (memq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '(* /))
1184 (list (car (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1185 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
1186 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1187 (and (memq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '(+ -))
1188 (not (math-any-floats (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9 1189 (let ((f (calcFunc-factors (calcFunc-expand
0c908945 1190 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
136211a9
EZ
1191 (and (math-vectorp f)
1192 (or (> (length f) 2)
1193 (> (nth 2 (nth 1 f)) 1))
1194 (let ((out 1) (rest 1) (sums 1) fac pow)
1195 (while (setq f (cdr f))
1196 (setq fac (nth 1 (car f))
1197 pow (nth 2 (car f)))
1198 (if (> pow 1)
1199 (setq out (math-mul out (math-pow
1200 fac (/ pow 2)))
1201 pow (% pow 2)))
1202 (if (> pow 0)
1203 (if (memq (car-safe fac) '(+ -))
1204 (setq sums (math-mul-thru sums fac))
1205 (setq rest (math-mul rest fac)))))
1206 (and (not (and (eq out 1) (memq rest '(1 -1))))
1207 (math-mul
1208 out
1209 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
d3896480 1210 (math-mul sums rest))))))))))))
136211a9
EZ
1211
1212;;; Rather than factoring x into primes, just check for the first ten primes.
1213(defun math-squared-factor (x)
1214 (if (Math-integerp x)
1215 (let ((prsqr '(4 9 25 49 121 169 289 361 529 841))
1216 (fac 1)
1217 res)
1218 (while prsqr
1219 (if (eq (cdr (setq res (math-idivmod x (car prsqr)))) 0)
1220 (setq x (car res)
1221 fac (math-mul fac (car prsqr)))
1222 (setq prsqr (cdr prsqr))))
d3896480 1223 fac)))
136211a9
EZ
1224
1225(math-defsimplify calcFunc-exp
0c908945 1226 (math-simplify-exp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9
EZ
1227
1228(defun math-simplify-exp (x)
1229 (or (and (eq (car-safe x) 'calcFunc-ln)
1230 (nth 1 x))
1231 (and math-living-dangerously
1232 (or (and (eq (car-safe x) 'calcFunc-arcsinh)
1233 (math-add (nth 1 x)
1234 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1235 (math-add (math-sqr (nth 1 x)) 1))))
1236 (and (eq (car-safe x) 'calcFunc-arccosh)
1237 (math-add (nth 1 x)
1238 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt
1239 (math-sub (math-sqr (nth 1 x)) 1))))
1240 (and (eq (car-safe x) 'calcFunc-arctanh)
1241 (math-div (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (math-add 1 (nth 1 x)))
1242 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (math-sub 1 (nth 1 x)))))
1243 (let ((m (math-should-expand-trig x 'exp)))
1244 (and m (integerp (car m))
1245 (list '^ (list 'calcFunc-exp (nth 1 m)) (car m))))))
1246 (and calc-symbolic-mode
1247 (math-known-imagp x)
1248 (let* ((ip (calcFunc-im x))
1249 (n (math-linear-in ip '(var pi var-pi)))
1250 s c)
1251 (and n
1252 (setq s (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) 120 0))
1253 (setq c (math-known-sin (car n) (nth 1 n) 120 300))
d3896480 1254 (list '+ c (list '* s '(var i var-i))))))))
136211a9
EZ
1255
1256(math-defsimplify calcFunc-ln
0c908945 1257 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-exp)
136211a9 1258 (or math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1259 (math-known-realp (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1260 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
1261 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '^)
1262 (equal (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '(var e var-e))
136211a9 1263 (or math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1264 (math-known-realp (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1265 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9 1266 (and calc-symbolic-mode
0c908945
JB
1267 (math-known-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1268 (math-add (list 'calcFunc-ln (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
2c6dfebb 1269 '(* (var pi var-pi) (var i var-i))))
136211a9 1270 (and calc-symbolic-mode
0c908945
JB
1271 (math-known-imagp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1272 (let* ((ip (calcFunc-im (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))
136211a9
EZ
1273 (ips (math-possible-signs ip)))
1274 (or (and (memq ips '(4 6))
1275 (math-add (list 'calcFunc-ln ip)
1276 '(/ (* (var pi var-pi) (var i var-i)) 2)))
1277 (and (memq ips '(1 3))
1278 (math-sub (list 'calcFunc-ln (math-neg ip))
d3896480 1279 '(/ (* (var pi var-pi) (var i var-i)) 2))))))))
136211a9
EZ
1280
1281(math-defsimplify ^
1282 (math-simplify-pow))
1283
1284(defun math-simplify-pow ()
1285 (or (and math-living-dangerously
0c908945 1286 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '^)
136211a9 1287 (list '^
0c908945
JB
1288 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1289 (math-mul (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)
1290 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1291 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-sqrt)
136211a9 1292 (list '^
0c908945
JB
1293 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1294 (math-div (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) 2)))
1295 (and (memq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '(* /))
1296 (list (car (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1297 (list '^ (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1298 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))
1299 (list '^ (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1300 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))))
1301 (and (math-equal-int (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) 10)
1302 (eq (car-safe (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-log10)
1303 (nth 1 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
1304 (and (equal (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var e var-e))
1305 (math-simplify-exp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)))
1306 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-exp)
136211a9 1307 (not math-integrating)
0c908945
JB
1308 (list 'calcFunc-exp (math-mul (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1309 (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
1310 (and (equal (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) '(var i var-i))
136211a9 1311 (math-imaginary-i)
0c908945
JB
1312 (math-num-integerp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))
1313 (let ((x (math-mod (math-trunc (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) 4)))
136211a9 1314 (cond ((eq x 0) 1)
0c908945 1315 ((eq x 1) (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
136211a9 1316 ((eq x 2) -1)
0c908945 1317 ((eq x 3) (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))))
136211a9 1318 (and math-integrating
0c908945
JB
1319 (integerp (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))
1320 (>= (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) 2)
1321 (or (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-cos)
1322 (math-mul (math-pow (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)
1323 (- (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) 2))
136211a9
EZ
1324 (math-sub 1
1325 (math-sqr
1326 (list 'calcFunc-sin
0c908945
JB
1327 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
1328 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-cosh)
1329 (math-mul (math-pow (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)
1330 (- (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) 2))
136211a9
EZ
1331 (math-add 1
1332 (math-sqr
1333 (list 'calcFunc-sinh
0c908945
JB
1334 (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))))
1335 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) 'frac)
1336 (Math-ratp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1337 (Math-posp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1338 (if (equal (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) '(frac 1 2))
1339 (list 'calcFunc-sqrt (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1340 (let ((flr (math-floor (nth 2 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9 1341 (and (not (Math-zerop flr))
0c908945
JB
1342 (list '* (list '^ (nth 1 math-simplify-expr) flr)
1343 (list '^ (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)
1344 (math-sub (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) flr)))))))
1345 (and (eq (math-quarter-integer (nth 2 math-simplify-expr)) 2)
136211a9
EZ
1346 (let ((temp (math-simplify-sqrt)))
1347 (and temp
0c908945 1348 (list '^ temp (math-mul (nth 2 math-simplify-expr) 2)))))))
136211a9
EZ
1349
1350(math-defsimplify calcFunc-log10
0c908945
JB
1351 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) '^)
1352 (math-equal-int (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 10)
136211a9 1353 (or math-living-dangerously
0c908945
JB
1354 (math-known-realp (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
1355 (nth 2 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1356
1357
1358(math-defsimplify calcFunc-erf
0c908945
JB
1359 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1360 (math-neg (list 'calcFunc-erf (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1361 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-conj)
1362 (list 'calcFunc-conj
1363 (list 'calcFunc-erf (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
136211a9
EZ
1364
1365(math-defsimplify calcFunc-erfc
0c908945
JB
1366 (or (and (math-looks-negp (nth 1 math-simplify-expr))
1367 (math-sub 2 (list 'calcFunc-erfc (math-neg (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))
1368 (and (eq (car-safe (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)) 'calcFunc-conj)
1369 (list 'calcFunc-conj
1370 (list 'calcFunc-erfc (nth 1 (nth 1 math-simplify-expr)))))))
136211a9
EZ
1371
1372
1373(defun math-linear-in (expr term &optional always)
1374 (if (math-expr-contains expr term)
1375 (let* ((calc-prefer-frac t)
1376 (p (math-is-polynomial expr term 1)))
1377 (and (cdr p)
1378 p))
d3896480 1379 (and always (list expr 0))))
136211a9
EZ
1380
1381(defun math-multiple-of (expr term)
1382 (let ((p (math-linear-in expr term)))
1383 (and p
1384 (math-zerop (car p))
d3896480 1385 (nth 1 p))))
136211a9 1386
d3896480 1387; not perfect, but it'll do
136211a9
EZ
1388(defun math-integer-plus (expr)
1389 (cond ((Math-integerp expr)
1390 (list 0 expr))
1391 ((and (memq (car expr) '(+ -))
1392 (Math-integerp (nth 1 expr)))
1393 (list (if (eq (car expr) '+) (nth 2 expr) (math-neg (nth 2 expr)))
1394 (nth 1 expr)))
1395 ((and (memq (car expr) '(+ -))
1396 (Math-integerp (nth 2 expr)))
1397 (list (nth 1 expr)
1398 (if (eq (car expr) '+) (nth 2 expr) (math-neg (nth 2 expr)))))
d3896480 1399 (t nil)))
136211a9
EZ
1400
1401(defun math-is-linear (expr &optional always)
1402 (let ((offset nil)
1403 (coef nil))
1404 (if (eq (car-safe expr) '+)
1405 (if (Math-objectp (nth 1 expr))
1406 (setq offset (nth 1 expr)
1407 expr (nth 2 expr))
1408 (if (Math-objectp (nth 2 expr))
1409 (setq offset (nth 2 expr)
1410 expr (nth 1 expr))))
1411 (if (eq (car-safe expr) '-)
1412 (if (Math-objectp (nth 1 expr))
1413 (setq offset (nth 1 expr)
1414 expr (math-neg (nth 2 expr)))
1415 (if (Math-objectp (nth 2 expr))
1416 (setq offset (math-neg (nth 2 expr))
1417 expr (nth 1 expr))))))
1418 (setq coef (math-is-multiple expr always))
1419 (if offset
1420 (list offset (or (car coef) 1) (or (nth 1 coef) expr))
1421 (if coef
d3896480 1422 (cons 0 coef)))))
136211a9
EZ
1423
1424(defun math-is-multiple (expr &optional always)
1425 (or (if (eq (car-safe expr) '*)
1426 (if (Math-objectp (nth 1 expr))
1427 (list (nth 1 expr) (nth 2 expr)))
1428 (if (eq (car-safe expr) '/)
1429 (if (and (Math-objectp (nth 1 expr))
1430 (not (math-equal-int (nth 1 expr) 1)))
1431 (list (nth 1 expr) (math-div 1 (nth 2 expr)))
1432 (if (Math-objectp (nth 2 expr))
1433 (list (math-div 1 (nth 2 expr)) (nth 1 expr))
1434 (let ((res (math-is-multiple (nth 1 expr))))
1435 (if res
1436 (list (car res)
1437 (math-div (nth 2 (nth 1 expr)) (nth 2 expr)))
1438 (setq res (math-is-multiple (nth 2 expr)))
1439 (if res
1440 (list (math-div 1 (car res))
1441 (math-div (nth 1 expr)
1442 (nth 2 (nth 2 expr)))))))))
1443 (if (eq (car-safe expr) 'neg)
1444 (list -1 (nth 1 expr)))))
1445 (if (Math-objvecp expr)
1446 (and (eq always 1)
1447 (list expr 1))
a1506d29 1448 (and always
d3896480 1449 (list 1 expr)))))
136211a9
EZ
1450
1451(defun calcFunc-lin (expr &optional var)
1452 (if var
1453 (let ((res (math-linear-in expr var t)))
1454 (or res (math-reject-arg expr "Linear term expected"))
1455 (list 'vec (car res) (nth 1 res) var))
1456 (let ((res (math-is-linear expr t)))
1457 (or res (math-reject-arg expr "Linear term expected"))
d3896480 1458 (cons 'vec res))))
136211a9
EZ
1459
1460(defun calcFunc-linnt (expr &optional var)
1461 (if var
1462 (let ((res (math-linear-in expr var)))
1463 (or res (math-reject-arg expr "Linear term expected"))
1464 (list 'vec (car res) (nth 1 res) var))
1465 (let ((res (math-is-linear expr)))
1466 (or res (math-reject-arg expr "Linear term expected"))
d3896480 1467 (cons 'vec res))))
136211a9
EZ
1468
1469(defun calcFunc-islin (expr &optional var)
1470 (if (and (Math-objvecp expr) (not var))
1471 0
1472 (calcFunc-lin expr var)
d3896480 1473 1))
136211a9
EZ
1474
1475(defun calcFunc-islinnt (expr &optional var)
1476 (if (Math-objvecp expr)
1477 0
1478 (calcFunc-linnt expr var)
d3896480 1479 1))
136211a9
EZ
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484;;; Simple operations on expressions.
1485
6f826971 1486;;; Return number of occurrences of thing in expr, or nil if none.
136211a9
EZ
1487(defun math-expr-contains-count (expr thing)
1488 (cond ((equal expr thing) 1)
1489 ((Math-primp expr) nil)
1490 (t
1491 (let ((num 0))
1492 (while (setq expr (cdr expr))
1493 (setq num (+ num (or (math-expr-contains-count
1494 (car expr) thing) 0))))
1495 (and (> num 0)
d3896480 1496 num)))))
136211a9
EZ
1497
1498(defun math-expr-contains (expr thing)
1499 (cond ((equal expr thing) 1)
1500 ((Math-primp expr) nil)
1501 (t
1502 (while (and (setq expr (cdr expr))
1503 (not (math-expr-contains (car expr) thing))))
d3896480 1504 expr)))
136211a9
EZ
1505
1506;;; Return non-nil if any variable of thing occurs in expr.
1507(defun math-expr-depends (expr thing)
1508 (if (Math-primp thing)
1509 (and (eq (car-safe thing) 'var)
1510 (math-expr-contains expr thing))
1511 (while (and (setq thing (cdr thing))
1512 (not (math-expr-depends expr (car thing)))))
d3896480 1513 thing))
136211a9
EZ
1514
1515;;; Substitute all occurrences of old for new in expr (non-destructive).
0c908945
JB
1516
1517;; The variables math-expr-subst-old and math-expr-subst-new are local
1518;; for math-expr-subst, but used by math-expr-subst-rec.
1519(defvar math-expr-subst-old)
1520(defvar math-expr-subst-new)
1521
1522(defun math-expr-subst (expr math-expr-subst-old math-expr-subst-new)
d3896480
CW
1523 (math-expr-subst-rec expr))
1524
1525(defalias 'calcFunc-subst 'math-expr-subst)
136211a9
EZ
1526
1527(defun math-expr-subst-rec (expr)
0c908945 1528 (cond ((equal expr math-expr-subst-old) math-expr-subst-new)
136211a9
EZ
1529 ((Math-primp expr) expr)
1530 ((memq (car expr) '(calcFunc-deriv
1531 calcFunc-tderiv))
1532 (if (= (length expr) 2)
0c908945
JB
1533 (if (equal (nth 1 expr) math-expr-subst-old)
1534 (append expr (list math-expr-subst-new))
136211a9
EZ
1535 expr)
1536 (list (car expr) (nth 1 expr)
1537 (math-expr-subst-rec (nth 2 expr)))))
1538 (t
1539 (cons (car expr)
d3896480 1540 (mapcar 'math-expr-subst-rec (cdr expr))))))
136211a9
EZ
1541
1542;;; Various measures of the size of an expression.
1543(defun math-expr-weight (expr)
1544 (if (Math-primp expr)
1545 1
1546 (let ((w 1))
1547 (while (setq expr (cdr expr))
1548 (setq w (+ w (math-expr-weight (car expr)))))
d3896480 1549 w)))
136211a9
EZ
1550
1551(defun math-expr-height (expr)
1552 (if (Math-primp expr)
1553 0
1554 (let ((h 0))
1555 (while (setq expr (cdr expr))
1556 (setq h (max h (math-expr-height (car expr)))))
d3896480 1557 (1+ h))))
136211a9
EZ
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562;;; Polynomial operations (to support the integrator and solve-for).
1563
1564(defun calcFunc-collect (expr base)
1565 (let ((p (math-is-polynomial expr base 50 t)))
1566 (if (cdr p)
1567 (math-normalize ; fix selection bug
1568 (math-build-polynomial-expr p base))
d3896480 1569 expr)))
136211a9
EZ
1570
1571;;; If expr is of the form "a + bx + cx^2 + ...", return the list (a b c ...),
0c908945
JB
1572;;; else return nil if not in polynomial form. If "loose" (math-is-poly-loose),
1573;;; coefficients may contain x, e.g., sin(x) + cos(x) x^2 is a loose polynomial in x.
1574
1575;; The variables math-is-poly-degree and math-is-poly-loose are local to
1576;; math-is-polynomial, but are used by math-is-poly-rec
1577(defvar math-is-poly-degree)
1578(defvar math-is-poly-loose)
1579
1580(defun math-is-polynomial (expr var &optional math-is-poly-degree math-is-poly-loose)
1581 (let* ((math-poly-base-variable (if math-is-poly-loose
1582 (if (eq math-is-poly-loose 'gen) var '(var XXX XXX))
136211a9
EZ
1583 math-poly-base-variable))
1584 (poly (math-is-poly-rec expr math-poly-neg-powers)))
0c908945
JB
1585 (and (or (null math-is-poly-degree)
1586 (<= (length poly) (1+ math-is-poly-degree)))
d3896480 1587 poly)))
136211a9
EZ
1588
1589(defun math-is-poly-rec (expr negpow)
1590 (math-poly-simplify
1591 (or (cond ((or (equal expr var)
1592 (eq (car-safe expr) '^))
1593 (let ((pow 1)
1594 (expr expr))
1595 (or (equal expr var)
1596 (setq pow (nth 2 expr)
1597 expr (nth 1 expr)))
1598 (or (eq math-poly-mult-powers 1)
1599 (setq pow (let ((m (math-is-multiple pow 1)))
1600 (and (eq (car-safe (car m)) 'cplx)
1601 (Math-zerop (nth 1 (car m)))
1602 (setq m (list (nth 2 (car m))
1603 (math-mul (nth 1 m)
1604 '(var i var-i)))))
1605 (and (if math-poly-mult-powers
1606 (equal math-poly-mult-powers
1607 (nth 1 m))
1608 (setq math-poly-mult-powers (nth 1 m)))
1609 (or (equal expr var)
1610 (eq math-poly-mult-powers 1))
1611 (car m)))))
1612 (if (consp pow)
1613 (progn
1614 (setq pow (math-to-simple-fraction pow))
1615 (and (eq (car-safe pow) 'frac)
1616 math-poly-frac-powers
1617 (equal expr var)
1618 (setq math-poly-frac-powers
1619 (calcFunc-lcm math-poly-frac-powers
1620 (nth 2 pow))))))
1621 (or (memq math-poly-frac-powers '(1 nil))
1622 (setq pow (math-mul pow math-poly-frac-powers)))
1623 (if (integerp pow)
1624 (if (and (= pow 1)
1625 (equal expr var))
1626 (list 0 1)
1627 (if (natnump pow)
1628 (let ((p1 (if (equal expr var)
1629 (list 0 1)
1630 (math-is-poly-rec expr nil)))
1631 (n pow)
1632 (accum (list 1)))
1633 (and p1
0c908945
JB
1634 (or (null math-is-poly-degree)
1635 (<= (* (1- (length p1)) n) math-is-poly-degree))
136211a9
EZ
1636 (progn
1637 (while (>= n 1)
1638 (setq accum (math-poly-mul accum p1)
1639 n (1- n)))
1640 accum)))
1641 (and negpow
1642 (math-is-poly-rec expr nil)
1643 (setq math-poly-neg-powers
1644 (cons (math-pow expr (- pow))
1645 math-poly-neg-powers))
1646 (list (list '^ expr pow))))))))
1647 ((Math-objectp expr)
1648 (list expr))
1649 ((memq (car expr) '(+ -))
1650 (let ((p1 (math-is-poly-rec (nth 1 expr) negpow)))
1651 (and p1
1652 (let ((p2 (math-is-poly-rec (nth 2 expr) negpow)))
1653 (and p2
1654 (math-poly-mix p1 1 p2
1655 (if (eq (car expr) '+) 1 -1)))))))
1656 ((eq (car expr) 'neg)
1657 (mapcar 'math-neg (math-is-poly-rec (nth 1 expr) negpow)))
1658 ((eq (car expr) '*)
1659 (let ((p1 (math-is-poly-rec (nth 1 expr) negpow)))
1660 (and p1
1661 (let ((p2 (math-is-poly-rec (nth 2 expr) negpow)))
1662 (and p2
0c908945
JB
1663 (or (null math-is-poly-degree)
1664 (<= (- (+ (length p1) (length p2)) 2)
1665 math-is-poly-degree))
136211a9
EZ
1666 (math-poly-mul p1 p2))))))
1667 ((eq (car expr) '/)
1668 (and (or (not (math-poly-depends (nth 2 expr) var))
1669 (and negpow
1670 (math-is-poly-rec (nth 2 expr) nil)
1671 (setq math-poly-neg-powers
1672 (cons (nth 2 expr) math-poly-neg-powers))))
1673 (not (Math-zerop (nth 2 expr)))
1674 (let ((p1 (math-is-poly-rec (nth 1 expr) negpow)))
1675 (mapcar (function (lambda (x) (math-div x (nth 2 expr))))
1676 p1))))
1677 ((and (eq (car expr) 'calcFunc-exp)
1678 (equal var '(var e var-e)))
1679 (math-is-poly-rec (list '^ var (nth 1 expr)) negpow))
1680 ((and (eq (car expr) 'calcFunc-sqrt)
1681 math-poly-frac-powers)
1682 (math-is-poly-rec (list '^ (nth 1 expr) '(frac 1 2)) negpow))
1683 (t nil))
1684 (and (or (not (math-poly-depends expr var))
0c908945 1685 math-is-poly-loose)
136211a9 1686 (not (eq (car expr) 'vec))
d3896480 1687 (list expr)))))
136211a9
EZ
1688
1689;;; Check if expr is a polynomial in var; if so, return its degree.
1690(defun math-polynomial-p (expr var)
1691 (cond ((equal expr var) 1)
1692 ((Math-primp expr) 0)
1693 ((memq (car expr) '(+ -))
1694 (let ((p1 (math-polynomial-p (nth 1 expr) var))
1695 p2)
1696 (and p1 (setq p2 (math-polynomial-p (nth 2 expr) var))
1697 (max p1 p2))))
1698 ((eq (car expr) '*)
1699 (let ((p1 (math-polynomial-p (nth 1 expr) var))
1700 p2)
1701 (and p1 (setq p2 (math-polynomial-p (nth 2 expr) var))
1702 (+ p1 p2))))
1703 ((eq (car expr) 'neg)
1704 (math-polynomial-p (nth 1 expr) var))
1705 ((and (eq (car expr) '/)
1706 (not (math-poly-depends (nth 2 expr) var)))
1707 (math-polynomial-p (nth 1 expr) var))
1708 ((and (eq (car expr) '^)
1709 (natnump (nth 2 expr)))
1710 (let ((p1 (math-polynomial-p (nth 1 expr) var)))
1711 (and p1 (* p1 (nth 2 expr)))))
1712 ((math-poly-depends expr var) nil)
d3896480 1713 (t 0)))
136211a9
EZ
1714
1715(defun math-poly-depends (expr var)
1716 (if math-poly-base-variable
1717 (math-expr-contains expr math-poly-base-variable)
d3896480 1718 (math-expr-depends expr var)))
136211a9
EZ
1719
1720;;; Find the variable (or sub-expression) which is the base of polynomial expr.
0c908945
JB
1721;; The variables math-poly-base-const-ok and math-poly-base-pred are
1722;; local to math-polynomial-base, but are used by math-polynomial-base-rec.
1723(defvar math-poly-base-const-ok)
1724(defvar math-poly-base-pred)
1725
885e6671
JB
1726;; The variable math-poly-base-top-expr is local to math-polynomial-base,
1727;; but is used by math-polynomial-p1 in calc-poly.el, which is called
1728;; by math-polynomial-base.
1729
1730(defun math-polynomial-base (math-poly-base-top-expr &optional math-poly-base-pred)
0c908945
JB
1731 (or math-poly-base-pred
1732 (setq math-poly-base-pred (function (lambda (base) (math-polynomial-p
885e6671 1733 math-poly-base-top-expr base)))))
0c908945 1734 (or (let ((math-poly-base-const-ok nil))
885e6671 1735 (math-polynomial-base-rec math-poly-base-top-expr))
0c908945 1736 (let ((math-poly-base-const-ok t))
885e6671 1737 (math-polynomial-base-rec math-poly-base-top-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1738
1739(defun math-polynomial-base-rec (mpb-expr)
1740 (and (not (Math-objvecp mpb-expr))
1741 (or (and (memq (car mpb-expr) '(+ - *))
1742 (or (math-polynomial-base-rec (nth 1 mpb-expr))
1743 (math-polynomial-base-rec (nth 2 mpb-expr))))
1744 (and (memq (car mpb-expr) '(/ neg))
1745 (math-polynomial-base-rec (nth 1 mpb-expr)))
1746 (and (eq (car mpb-expr) '^)
1747 (math-polynomial-base-rec (nth 1 mpb-expr)))
1748 (and (eq (car mpb-expr) 'calcFunc-exp)
1749 (math-polynomial-base-rec '(var e var-e)))
0c908945
JB
1750 (and (or math-poly-base-const-ok (math-expr-contains-vars mpb-expr))
1751 (funcall math-poly-base-pred mpb-expr)
d3896480 1752 mpb-expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1753
1754;;; Return non-nil if expr refers to any variables.
1755(defun math-expr-contains-vars (expr)
1756 (or (eq (car-safe expr) 'var)
1757 (and (not (Math-primp expr))
1758 (progn
1759 (while (and (setq expr (cdr expr))
1760 (not (math-expr-contains-vars (car expr)))))
d3896480 1761 expr))))
136211a9
EZ
1762
1763;;; Simplify a polynomial in list form by stripping off high-end zeros.
1764;;; This always leaves the constant part, i.e., nil->nil and nonnil->nonnil.
1765(defun math-poly-simplify (p)
1766 (and p
1767 (if (Math-zerop (nth (1- (length p)) p))
1768 (let ((pp (copy-sequence p)))
1769 (while (and (cdr pp)
1770 (Math-zerop (nth (1- (length pp)) pp)))
1771 (setcdr (nthcdr (- (length pp) 2) pp) nil))
1772 pp)
d3896480 1773 p)))
136211a9
EZ
1774
1775;;; Compute ac*a + bc*b for polynomials in list form a, b and
1776;;; coefficients ac, bc. Result may be unsimplified.
1777(defun math-poly-mix (a ac b bc)
1778 (and (or a b)
1779 (cons (math-add (math-mul (or (car a) 0) ac)
1780 (math-mul (or (car b) 0) bc))
d3896480 1781 (math-poly-mix (cdr a) ac (cdr b) bc))))
136211a9
EZ
1782
1783(defun math-poly-zerop (a)
1784 (or (null a)
d3896480 1785 (and (null (cdr a)) (Math-zerop (car a)))))
136211a9
EZ
1786
1787;;; Multiply two polynomials in list form.
1788(defun math-poly-mul (a b)
1789 (and a b
1790 (math-poly-mix b (car a)
d3896480 1791 (math-poly-mul (cdr a) (cons 0 b)) 1)))
136211a9
EZ
1792
1793;;; Build an expression from a polynomial list.
1794(defun math-build-polynomial-expr (p var)
1795 (if p
1796 (if (Math-numberp var)
1797 (math-with-extra-prec 1
1798 (let* ((rp (reverse p))
1799 (accum (car rp)))
1800 (while (setq rp (cdr rp))
1801 (setq accum (math-add (car rp) (math-mul accum var))))
1802 accum))
1803 (let* ((rp (reverse p))
1804 (n (1- (length rp)))
1805 (accum (math-mul (car rp) (math-pow var n)))
1806 term)
1807 (while (setq rp (cdr rp))
1808 (setq n (1- n))
1809 (or (math-zerop (car rp))
1810 (setq accum (list (if (math-looks-negp (car rp)) '- '+)
1811 accum
1812 (math-mul (if (math-looks-negp (car rp))
1813 (math-neg (car rp))
1814 (car rp))
1815 (math-pow var n))))))
1816 accum))
d3896480 1817 0))
136211a9
EZ
1818
1819
1820(defun math-to-simple-fraction (f)
1821 (or (and (eq (car-safe f) 'float)
1822 (or (and (>= (nth 2 f) 0)
1823 (math-scale-int (nth 1 f) (nth 2 f)))
1824 (and (integerp (nth 1 f))
1825 (> (nth 1 f) -1000)
1826 (< (nth 1 f) 1000)
1827 (math-make-frac (nth 1 f)
1828 (math-scale-int 1 (- (nth 2 f)))))))
d3896480 1829 f))
136211a9 1830
41cf648d
JB
1831(provide 'calc-alg)
1832
ab5796a9 1833;;; arch-tag: 52e7dcdf-9688-464d-a02b-4bbe789348d0
d3896480 1834;;; calc-alg.el ends here