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1 | \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- |
2 | ||
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3 | @include gnus-overrides.texi |
4 | ||
db78a8cb | 5 | @setfilename ../../info/message |
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6 | @settitle Message Manual |
7 | @synindex fn cp | |
8 | @synindex vr cp | |
9 | @synindex pg cp | |
10 | @copying | |
11 | This file documents Message, the Emacs message composition mode. | |
12 | ||
73b0cd50 | 13 | Copyright @copyright{} 1996-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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14 | |
15 | @quotation | |
16 | Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document | |
6a2c4aec | 17 | under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or |
4009494e | 18 | any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no |
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19 | Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU Manual'', |
20 | and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license | |
21 | is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. | |
4009494e | 22 | |
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23 | (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have the freedom to copy and |
24 | modify this GNU manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports it in | |
25 | developing GNU and promoting software freedom.'' | |
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26 | @end quotation |
27 | @end copying | |
28 | ||
0c973505 | 29 | @dircategory Emacs network features |
4009494e | 30 | @direntry |
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31 | * Message: (message). Mail and news composition mode that |
32 | goes with Gnus. | |
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33 | @end direntry |
34 | @iftex | |
35 | @finalout | |
36 | @end iftex | |
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37 | |
38 | @titlepage | |
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39 | @ifset WEBHACKDEVEL |
40 | @title Message Manual (DEVELOPMENT VERSION) | |
41 | @end ifset | |
42 | @ifclear WEBHACKDEVEL | |
4009494e | 43 | @title Message Manual |
7fbf7cae | 44 | @end ifclear |
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45 | |
46 | @author by Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen | |
47 | @page | |
48 | ||
49 | @vskip 0pt plus 1filll | |
50 | @insertcopying | |
51 | @end titlepage | |
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52 | |
53 | @summarycontents | |
54 | @contents | |
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55 | |
56 | @node Top | |
57 | @top Message | |
58 | ||
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59 | @ifnottex |
60 | @insertcopying | |
61 | @end ifnottex | |
62 | ||
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63 | All message composition from Gnus (both mail and news) takes place in |
64 | Message mode buffers. | |
65 | ||
66 | @menu | |
67 | * Interface:: Setting up message buffers. | |
68 | * Commands:: Commands you can execute in message mode buffers. | |
69 | * Variables:: Customizing the message buffers. | |
70 | * Compatibility:: Making Message backwards compatible. | |
71 | * Appendices:: More technical things. | |
72 | * GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation. | |
73 | * Index:: Variable, function and concept index. | |
74 | * Key Index:: List of Message mode keys. | |
75 | @end menu | |
76 | ||
77 | @c Adjust ../Makefile.in if you change the following lines: | |
78 | Message is distributed with Gnus. The Gnus distribution | |
79 | @c | |
c7ff939a | 80 | corresponding to this manual is Gnus v5.13 |
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81 | |
82 | ||
83 | @node Interface | |
84 | @chapter Interface | |
85 | ||
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86 | When a program (or a person) wants to respond to a message---reply, |
87 | follow up, forward, cancel---the program (or person) should just put | |
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88 | point in the buffer where the message is and call the required command. |
89 | @code{Message} will then pop up a new @code{message} mode buffer with | |
90 | appropriate headers filled out, and the user can edit the message before | |
91 | sending it. | |
92 | ||
93 | @menu | |
94 | * New Mail Message:: Editing a brand new mail message. | |
95 | * New News Message:: Editing a brand new news message. | |
96 | * Reply:: Replying via mail. | |
97 | * Wide Reply:: Responding to all people via mail. | |
98 | * Followup:: Following up via news. | |
99 | * Canceling News:: Canceling a news article. | |
100 | * Superseding:: Superseding a message. | |
101 | * Forwarding:: Forwarding a message via news or mail. | |
102 | * Resending:: Resending a mail message. | |
103 | * Bouncing:: Bouncing a mail message. | |
104 | * Mailing Lists:: Send mail to mailing lists. | |
105 | @end menu | |
106 | ||
107 | You can customize the Message Mode tool bar, see @kbd{M-x | |
108 | customize-apropos RET message-tool-bar}. This feature is only available | |
109 | in Emacs. | |
110 | ||
111 | @node New Mail Message | |
112 | @section New Mail Message | |
113 | ||
114 | @findex message-mail | |
115 | The @code{message-mail} command pops up a new message buffer. | |
116 | ||
117 | Two optional parameters are accepted: The first will be used as the | |
118 | @code{To} header and the second as the @code{Subject} header. If these | |
119 | are @code{nil}, those two headers will be empty. | |
120 | ||
121 | ||
122 | @node New News Message | |
123 | @section New News Message | |
124 | ||
125 | @findex message-news | |
126 | The @code{message-news} command pops up a new message buffer. | |
127 | ||
128 | This function accepts two optional parameters. The first will be used | |
129 | as the @code{Newsgroups} header and the second as the @code{Subject} | |
130 | header. If these are @code{nil}, those two headers will be empty. | |
131 | ||
132 | ||
133 | @node Reply | |
134 | @section Reply | |
135 | ||
136 | @findex message-reply | |
137 | The @code{message-reply} function pops up a message buffer that's a | |
138 | reply to the message in the current buffer. | |
139 | ||
140 | @vindex message-reply-to-function | |
141 | Message uses the normal methods to determine where replies are to go | |
142 | (@pxref{Responses}), but you can change the behavior to suit your needs | |
143 | by fiddling with the @code{message-reply-to-function} variable. | |
144 | ||
145 | If you want the replies to go to the @code{Sender} instead of the | |
146 | @code{From}, you could do something like this: | |
147 | ||
148 | @lisp | |
149 | (setq message-reply-to-function | |
150 | (lambda () | |
151 | (cond ((equal (mail-fetch-field "from") "somebody") | |
152 | (list (cons 'To (mail-fetch-field "sender")))) | |
153 | (t | |
154 | nil)))) | |
155 | @end lisp | |
156 | ||
157 | This function will be called narrowed to the head of the article that is | |
158 | being replied to. | |
159 | ||
160 | As you can see, this function should return a list. In this case, it | |
161 | returns @code{((To . "Whom"))} if it has an opinion as to what the To | |
162 | header should be. If it does not, it should just return @code{nil}, and | |
163 | the normal methods for determining the To header will be used. | |
164 | ||
165 | Each list element should be a cons, where the @sc{car} should be the | |
166 | name of a header (e.g. @code{Cc}) and the @sc{cdr} should be the header | |
167 | value (e.g. @samp{larsi@@ifi.uio.no}). All these headers will be | |
168 | inserted into the head of the outgoing mail. | |
169 | ||
170 | ||
171 | @node Wide Reply | |
172 | @section Wide Reply | |
173 | ||
174 | @findex message-wide-reply | |
175 | The @code{message-wide-reply} pops up a message buffer that's a wide | |
176 | reply to the message in the current buffer. A @dfn{wide reply} is a | |
177 | reply that goes out to all people listed in the @code{To}, @code{From} | |
178 | (or @code{Reply-to}) and @code{Cc} headers. | |
179 | ||
180 | @vindex message-wide-reply-to-function | |
181 | Message uses the normal methods to determine where wide replies are to go, | |
182 | but you can change the behavior to suit your needs by fiddling with the | |
183 | @code{message-wide-reply-to-function}. It is used in the same way as | |
184 | @code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}). | |
185 | ||
186 | @vindex message-dont-reply-to-names | |
187 | Addresses that match the @code{message-dont-reply-to-names} regular | |
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188 | expression (or list of regular expressions) will be removed from the |
189 | @code{Cc} header. A value of @code{nil} means exclude your name only. | |
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191 | @vindex message-prune-recipient-rules |
192 | @code{message-prune-recipient-rules} is used to prune the addresses | |
193 | used when doing a wide reply. It's meant to be used to remove | |
194 | duplicate addresses and the like. It's a list of lists, where the | |
195 | first element is a regexp to match the address to trigger the rule, | |
196 | and the second is a regexp that will be expanded based on the first, | |
197 | to match addresses to be pruned. | |
198 | ||
199 | It's complicated to explain, but it's easy to use. | |
200 | ||
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201 | For instance, if you get an email from @samp{foo@@example.org}, but |
202 | @samp{foo@@zot.example.org} is also in the @code{Cc} list, then your | |
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203 | wide reply will go out to both these addresses, since they are unique. |
204 | ||
205 | To avoid this, do something like the following: | |
206 | ||
a2b2dd84 | 207 | @lisp |
2cdd366f | 208 | (setq message-prune-recipient-rules |
0a46a12f | 209 | '(("^\\([^@@]+\\)@@\\(.*\\)" "\\1@@.*[.]\\2"))) |
a2b2dd84 | 210 | @end lisp |
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211 | |
212 | If, for instance, you want all wide replies that involve messages from | |
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213 | @samp{cvs@@example.org} to go to that address, and nowhere else (i.e., |
214 | remove all other recipients if @samp{cvs@@example.org} is in the | |
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215 | recipient list: |
216 | ||
a2b2dd84 | 217 | @lisp |
2cdd366f | 218 | (setq message-prune-recipient-rules |
0a46a12f | 219 | '(("cvs@@example.org" "."))) |
a2b2dd84 | 220 | @end lisp |
2cdd366f | 221 | |
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222 | @vindex message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients |
223 | If @code{message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients} is non-@code{nil} you | |
224 | will be asked to confirm that you want to reply to multiple | |
225 | recipients. The default is @code{nil}. | |
226 | ||
227 | @node Followup | |
228 | @section Followup | |
229 | ||
230 | @findex message-followup | |
231 | The @code{message-followup} command pops up a message buffer that's a | |
232 | followup to the message in the current buffer. | |
233 | ||
234 | @vindex message-followup-to-function | |
235 | Message uses the normal methods to determine where followups are to go, | |
236 | but you can change the behavior to suit your needs by fiddling with the | |
237 | @code{message-followup-to-function}. It is used in the same way as | |
238 | @code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}). | |
239 | ||
240 | @vindex message-use-followup-to | |
241 | The @code{message-use-followup-to} variable says what to do about | |
242 | @code{Followup-To} headers. If it is @code{use}, always use the value. | |
243 | If it is @code{ask} (which is the default), ask whether to use the | |
244 | value. If it is @code{t}, use the value unless it is @samp{poster}. If | |
245 | it is @code{nil}, don't use the value. | |
246 | ||
247 | ||
248 | @node Canceling News | |
249 | @section Canceling News | |
250 | ||
251 | @findex message-cancel-news | |
252 | The @code{message-cancel-news} command cancels the article in the | |
253 | current buffer. | |
254 | ||
255 | @vindex message-cancel-message | |
256 | The value of @code{message-cancel-message} is inserted in the body of | |
257 | the cancel message. The default is @samp{I am canceling my own | |
258 | article.}. | |
259 | ||
260 | @cindex Cancel Locks | |
261 | @vindex message-insert-canlock | |
262 | @cindex canlock | |
263 | When Message posts news messages, it inserts @code{Cancel-Lock} | |
264 | headers by default. This is a cryptographic header that ensures that | |
265 | only you can cancel your own messages, which is nice. The downside | |
266 | is that if you lose your @file{.emacs} file (which is where Gnus | |
267 | stores the secret cancel lock password (which is generated | |
268 | automatically the first time you use this feature)), you won't be | |
269 | able to cancel your message. If you want to manage a password yourself, | |
270 | you can put something like the following in your @file{~/.gnus.el} file: | |
271 | ||
272 | @lisp | |
273 | (setq canlock-password "geheimnis" | |
274 | canlock-password-for-verify canlock-password) | |
275 | @end lisp | |
276 | ||
277 | Whether to insert the header or not is controlled by the | |
278 | @code{message-insert-canlock} variable. | |
279 | ||
280 | Not many news servers respect the @code{Cancel-Lock} header yet, but | |
281 | this is expected to change in the future. | |
282 | ||
283 | ||
284 | @node Superseding | |
285 | @section Superseding | |
286 | ||
287 | @findex message-supersede | |
288 | The @code{message-supersede} command pops up a message buffer that will | |
289 | supersede the message in the current buffer. | |
290 | ||
291 | @vindex message-ignored-supersedes-headers | |
292 | Headers matching the @code{message-ignored-supersedes-headers} are | |
293 | removed before popping up the new message buffer. The default is@* | |
294 | @samp{^Path:\\|^Date\\|^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^Lines:\\|@* | |
295 | ^Received:\\|^X-From-Line:\\|^X-Trace:\\|^X-Complaints-To:\\|@* | |
296 | Return-Path:\\|^Supersedes:\\|^NNTP-Posting-Date:\\|^X-Trace:\\|@* | |
297 | ^X-Complaints-To:\\|^Cancel-Lock:\\|^Cancel-Key:\\|^X-Hashcash:\\|@* | |
01c52d31 | 298 | ^X-Payment:\\|^Approved:}. |
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299 | |
300 | ||
301 | ||
302 | @node Forwarding | |
303 | @section Forwarding | |
304 | ||
305 | @findex message-forward | |
306 | The @code{message-forward} command pops up a message buffer to forward | |
307 | the message in the current buffer. If given a prefix, forward using | |
308 | news. | |
309 | ||
310 | @table @code | |
311 | @item message-forward-ignored-headers | |
312 | @vindex message-forward-ignored-headers | |
313 | All headers that match this regexp will be deleted when forwarding a message. | |
314 | ||
315 | @item message-make-forward-subject-function | |
316 | @vindex message-make-forward-subject-function | |
317 | A list of functions that are called to generate a subject header for | |
318 | forwarded messages. The subject generated by the previous function is | |
319 | passed into each successive function. | |
320 | ||
321 | The provided functions are: | |
322 | ||
323 | @table @code | |
324 | @item message-forward-subject-author-subject | |
325 | @findex message-forward-subject-author-subject | |
326 | Source of article (author or newsgroup), in brackets followed by the | |
327 | subject. | |
328 | ||
329 | @item message-forward-subject-fwd | |
330 | Subject of article with @samp{Fwd:} prepended to it. | |
331 | @end table | |
332 | ||
333 | @item message-wash-forwarded-subjects | |
334 | @vindex message-wash-forwarded-subjects | |
335 | If this variable is @code{t}, the subjects of forwarded messages have | |
336 | the evidence of previous forwards (such as @samp{Fwd:}, @samp{Re:}, | |
337 | @samp{(fwd)}) removed before the new subject is | |
338 | constructed. The default value is @code{nil}. | |
339 | ||
340 | @item message-forward-as-mime | |
341 | @vindex message-forward-as-mime | |
342 | If this variable is @code{t} (the default), forwarded messages are | |
343 | included as inline @acronym{MIME} RFC822 parts. If it's @code{nil}, forwarded | |
344 | messages will just be copied inline to the new message, like previous, | |
345 | non @acronym{MIME}-savvy versions of Gnus would do. | |
346 | ||
347 | @item message-forward-before-signature | |
348 | @vindex message-forward-before-signature | |
349 | If non-@code{nil}, put forwarded message before signature, else after. | |
350 | ||
351 | @end table | |
352 | ||
353 | ||
354 | @node Resending | |
355 | @section Resending | |
356 | ||
357 | @findex message-resend | |
358 | The @code{message-resend} command will prompt the user for an address | |
359 | and resend the message in the current buffer to that address. | |
360 | ||
361 | @vindex message-ignored-resent-headers | |
362 | Headers that match the @code{message-ignored-resent-headers} regexp will | |
363 | be removed before sending the message. | |
364 | ||
365 | ||
366 | @node Bouncing | |
367 | @section Bouncing | |
368 | ||
369 | @findex message-bounce | |
370 | The @code{message-bounce} command will, if the current buffer contains a | |
371 | bounced mail message, pop up a message buffer stripped of the bounce | |
372 | information. A @dfn{bounced message} is typically a mail you've sent | |
373 | out that has been returned by some @code{mailer-daemon} as | |
374 | undeliverable. | |
375 | ||
376 | @vindex message-ignored-bounced-headers | |
377 | Headers that match the @code{message-ignored-bounced-headers} regexp | |
378 | will be removed before popping up the buffer. The default is | |
379 | @samp{^\\(Received\\|Return-Path\\|Delivered-To\\):}. | |
380 | ||
381 | ||
382 | @node Mailing Lists | |
383 | @section Mailing Lists | |
384 | ||
385 | @cindex Mail-Followup-To | |
386 | Sometimes while posting to mailing lists, the poster needs to direct | |
387 | followups to the post to specific places. The Mail-Followup-To (MFT) | |
388 | was created to enable just this. Three example scenarios where this is | |
389 | useful: | |
390 | ||
391 | @itemize @bullet | |
392 | @item | |
393 | A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be | |
394 | sent to just the list, and not the poster as well. This will happen | |
395 | if the poster is already subscribed to the list. | |
396 | ||
397 | @item | |
398 | A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be | |
399 | sent to the list and the poster as well. This will happen if the poster | |
400 | is not subscribed to the list. | |
401 | ||
402 | @item | |
403 | If a message is posted to several mailing lists, MFT may also be used | |
404 | to direct the following discussion to one list only, because | |
405 | discussions that are spread over several lists tend to be fragmented | |
406 | and very difficult to follow. | |
407 | ||
408 | @end itemize | |
409 | ||
410 | Gnus honors the MFT header in other's messages (i.e. while following | |
411 | up to someone else's post) and also provides support for generating | |
412 | sensible MFT headers for outgoing messages as well. | |
413 | ||
414 | @c @menu | |
415 | @c * Honoring an MFT post:: What to do when one already exists | |
416 | @c * Composing with a MFT header:: Creating one from scratch. | |
417 | @c @end menu | |
418 | ||
419 | @c @node Composing with a MFT header | |
420 | @subsection Composing a correct MFT header automagically | |
421 | ||
422 | The first step in getting Gnus to automagically generate a MFT header | |
423 | in posts you make is to give Gnus a list of the mailing lists | |
424 | addresses you are subscribed to. You can do this in more than one | |
425 | way. The following variables would come in handy. | |
426 | ||
427 | @table @code | |
428 | ||
429 | @vindex message-subscribed-addresses | |
430 | @item message-subscribed-addresses | |
431 | This should be a list of addresses the user is subscribed to. Its | |
432 | default value is @code{nil}. Example: | |
433 | @lisp | |
434 | (setq message-subscribed-addresses | |
435 | '("ding@@gnus.org" "bing@@noose.org")) | |
436 | @end lisp | |
437 | ||
438 | @vindex message-subscribed-regexps | |
439 | @item message-subscribed-regexps | |
440 | This should be a list of regexps denoting the addresses of mailing | |
441 | lists subscribed to. Default value is @code{nil}. Example: If you | |
442 | want to achieve the same result as above: | |
443 | @lisp | |
444 | (setq message-subscribed-regexps | |
445 | '("\\(ding@@gnus\\)\\|\\(bing@@noose\\)\\.org") | |
446 | @end lisp | |
447 | ||
448 | @vindex message-subscribed-address-functions | |
449 | @item message-subscribed-address-functions | |
450 | This can be a list of functions to be called (one at a time!!) to | |
451 | determine the value of MFT headers. It is advisable that these | |
452 | functions not take any arguments. Default value is @code{nil}. | |
453 | ||
454 | There is a pre-defined function in Gnus that is a good candidate for | |
455 | this variable. @code{gnus-find-subscribed-addresses} is a function | |
456 | that returns a list of addresses corresponding to the groups that have | |
457 | the @code{subscribed} (@pxref{Group Parameters, ,Group Parameters, | |
458 | gnus, The Gnus Manual}) group parameter set to a non-@code{nil} value. | |
459 | This is how you would do it. | |
460 | ||
461 | @lisp | |
462 | (setq message-subscribed-address-functions | |
463 | '(gnus-find-subscribed-addresses)) | |
464 | @end lisp | |
465 | ||
466 | @vindex message-subscribed-address-file | |
467 | @item message-subscribed-address-file | |
468 | You might be one organized human freak and have a list of addresses of | |
469 | all subscribed mailing lists in a separate file! Then you can just | |
470 | set this variable to the name of the file and life would be good. | |
471 | ||
472 | @end table | |
473 | ||
474 | You can use one or more of the above variables. All their values are | |
475 | ``added'' in some way that works :-) | |
476 | ||
477 | Now you are all set. Just start composing a message as you normally do. | |
478 | And just send it; as always. Just before the message is sent out, Gnus' | |
479 | MFT generation thingy kicks in and checks if the message already has a | |
480 | MFT field. If there is one, it is left alone. (Except if it's empty - | |
481 | in that case, the field is removed and is not replaced with an | |
482 | automatically generated one. This lets you disable MFT generation on a | |
483 | per-message basis.) If there is none, then the list of recipient | |
484 | addresses (in the To: and Cc: headers) is checked to see if one of them | |
485 | is a list address you are subscribed to. If none of them is a list | |
486 | address, then no MFT is generated; otherwise, a MFT is added to the | |
487 | other headers and set to the value of all addresses in To: and Cc: | |
488 | ||
489 | @kindex C-c C-f C-a | |
490 | @findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to | |
491 | @kindex C-c C-f C-m | |
492 | @findex message-goto-mail-followup-to | |
493 | Hm. ``So'', you ask, ``what if I send an email to a list I am not | |
494 | subscribed to? I want my MFT to say that I want an extra copy.'' (This | |
495 | is supposed to be interpreted by others the same way as if there were no | |
496 | MFT, but you can use an explicit MFT to override someone else's | |
497 | to-address group parameter.) The function | |
498 | @code{message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to} might come in | |
499 | handy. It is bound to @kbd{C-c C-f C-a} by default. In any case, you | |
500 | can insert a MFT of your own choice; @kbd{C-c C-f C-m} | |
501 | (@code{message-goto-mail-followup-to}) will help you get started. | |
502 | ||
503 | @c @node Honoring an MFT post | |
504 | @subsection Honoring an MFT post | |
505 | ||
506 | @vindex message-use-mail-followup-to | |
507 | When you followup to a post on a mailing list, and the post has a MFT | |
508 | header, Gnus' action will depend on the value of the variable | |
509 | @code{message-use-mail-followup-to}. This variable can be one of: | |
510 | ||
511 | @table @code | |
512 | @item use | |
513 | Always honor MFTs. The To: and Cc: headers in your followup will be | |
514 | derived from the MFT header of the original post. This is the default. | |
515 | ||
516 | @item nil | |
517 | Always dishonor MFTs (just ignore the darned thing) | |
518 | ||
519 | @item ask | |
520 | Gnus will prompt you for an action. | |
521 | ||
522 | @end table | |
523 | ||
524 | It is considered good netiquette to honor MFT, as it is assumed the | |
525 | fellow who posted a message knows where the followups need to go | |
526 | better than you do. | |
527 | ||
528 | @node Commands | |
529 | @chapter Commands | |
530 | ||
531 | @menu | |
532 | * Buffer Entry:: Commands after entering a Message buffer. | |
533 | * Header Commands:: Commands for moving headers or changing headers. | |
534 | * Movement:: Moving around in message buffers. | |
535 | * Insertion:: Inserting things into message buffers. | |
536 | * MIME:: @acronym{MIME} considerations. | |
537 | * IDNA:: Non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name considerations. | |
538 | * Security:: Signing and encrypting messages. | |
539 | * Various Commands:: Various things. | |
540 | * Sending:: Actually sending the message. | |
541 | * Mail Aliases:: How to use mail aliases. | |
542 | * Spelling:: Having Emacs check your spelling. | |
543 | @end menu | |
544 | ||
545 | ||
546 | @node Buffer Entry | |
547 | @section Buffer Entry | |
548 | @cindex undo | |
549 | @kindex C-_ | |
550 | ||
551 | You most often end up in a Message buffer when responding to some other | |
552 | message of some sort. Message does lots of handling of quoted text, and | |
553 | may remove signatures, reformat the text, or the like---depending on | |
554 | which used settings you're using. Message usually gets things right, | |
555 | but sometimes it stumbles. To help the user unwind these stumblings, | |
556 | Message sets the undo boundary before each major automatic action it | |
557 | takes. If you press the undo key (usually located at @kbd{C-_}) a few | |
558 | times, you will get back the un-edited message you're responding to. | |
559 | ||
560 | ||
561 | @node Header Commands | |
562 | @section Header Commands | |
563 | ||
564 | @subsection Commands for moving to headers | |
565 | ||
566 | These following commands move to the header in question. If it doesn't | |
567 | exist, it will be inserted. | |
568 | ||
569 | @table @kbd | |
570 | ||
571 | @item C-c ? | |
572 | @kindex C-c ? | |
573 | @findex describe-mode | |
574 | Describe the message mode. | |
575 | ||
576 | @item C-c C-f C-t | |
577 | @kindex C-c C-f C-t | |
578 | @findex message-goto-to | |
579 | Go to the @code{To} header (@code{message-goto-to}). | |
580 | ||
581 | @item C-c C-f C-o | |
582 | @kindex C-c C-f C-o | |
583 | @findex message-goto-from | |
584 | Go to the @code{From} header (@code{message-goto-from}). (The ``o'' | |
585 | in the key binding is for Originator.) | |
586 | ||
587 | @item C-c C-f C-b | |
588 | @kindex C-c C-f C-b | |
589 | @findex message-goto-bcc | |
590 | Go to the @code{Bcc} header (@code{message-goto-bcc}). | |
591 | ||
f197085b CY |
592 | @item C-c C-f C-w |
593 | @kindex C-c C-f C-w | |
4009494e GM |
594 | @findex message-goto-fcc |
595 | Go to the @code{Fcc} header (@code{message-goto-fcc}). | |
596 | ||
597 | @item C-c C-f C-c | |
598 | @kindex C-c C-f C-c | |
599 | @findex message-goto-cc | |
600 | Go to the @code{Cc} header (@code{message-goto-cc}). | |
601 | ||
602 | @item C-c C-f C-s | |
603 | @kindex C-c C-f C-s | |
604 | @findex message-goto-subject | |
605 | Go to the @code{Subject} header (@code{message-goto-subject}). | |
606 | ||
607 | @item C-c C-f C-r | |
608 | @kindex C-c C-f C-r | |
609 | @findex message-goto-reply-to | |
610 | Go to the @code{Reply-To} header (@code{message-goto-reply-to}). | |
611 | ||
612 | @item C-c C-f C-n | |
613 | @kindex C-c C-f C-n | |
614 | @findex message-goto-newsgroups | |
615 | Go to the @code{Newsgroups} header (@code{message-goto-newsgroups}). | |
616 | ||
617 | @item C-c C-f C-d | |
618 | @kindex C-c C-f C-d | |
619 | @findex message-goto-distribution | |
620 | Go to the @code{Distribution} header (@code{message-goto-distribution}). | |
621 | ||
f197085b CY |
622 | @item C-c C-f C-f |
623 | @kindex C-c C-f C-f | |
4009494e GM |
624 | @findex message-goto-followup-to |
625 | Go to the @code{Followup-To} header (@code{message-goto-followup-to}). | |
626 | ||
627 | @item C-c C-f C-k | |
628 | @kindex C-c C-f C-k | |
629 | @findex message-goto-keywords | |
630 | Go to the @code{Keywords} header (@code{message-goto-keywords}). | |
631 | ||
632 | @item C-c C-f C-u | |
633 | @kindex C-c C-f C-u | |
634 | @findex message-goto-summary | |
635 | Go to the @code{Summary} header (@code{message-goto-summary}). | |
636 | ||
637 | @item C-c C-f C-i | |
638 | @kindex C-c C-f C-i | |
639 | @findex message-insert-or-toggle-importance | |
640 | This inserts the @samp{Importance:} header with a value of | |
641 | @samp{high}. This header is used to signal the importance of the | |
642 | message to the receiver. If the header is already present in the | |
643 | buffer, it cycles between the three valid values according to RFC | |
644 | 1376: @samp{low}, @samp{normal} and @samp{high}. | |
645 | ||
646 | @item C-c C-f C-a | |
647 | @kindex C-c C-f C-a | |
648 | @findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to | |
649 | Insert a reasonable @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header | |
650 | (@pxref{Mailing Lists}) in a post to an | |
651 | unsubscribed list. When making original posts to a mailing list you are | |
652 | not subscribed to, you have to type in a @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header | |
653 | by hand. The contents, usually, are the addresses of the list and your | |
654 | own address. This function inserts such a header automatically. It | |
655 | fetches the contents of the @samp{To:} header in the current mail | |
656 | buffer, and appends the current @code{user-mail-address}. | |
657 | ||
658 | If the optional argument @code{include-cc} is non-@code{nil}, the | |
659 | addresses in the @samp{Cc:} header are also put into the | |
660 | @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header. | |
661 | ||
662 | @end table | |
663 | ||
664 | @subsection Commands to change headers | |
665 | ||
666 | @table @kbd | |
667 | ||
668 | @item C-c C-o | |
669 | @kindex C-c C-o | |
670 | @findex message-sort-headers | |
671 | @vindex message-header-format-alist | |
672 | Sort headers according to @code{message-header-format-alist} | |
673 | (@code{message-sort-headers}). | |
674 | ||
675 | @item C-c C-t | |
676 | @kindex C-c C-t | |
677 | @findex message-insert-to | |
678 | Insert a @code{To} header that contains the @code{Reply-To} or | |
679 | @code{From} header of the message you're following up | |
680 | (@code{message-insert-to}). | |
681 | ||
682 | @item C-c C-n | |
683 | @kindex C-c C-n | |
684 | @findex message-insert-newsgroups | |
685 | Insert a @code{Newsgroups} header that reflects the @code{Followup-To} | |
686 | or @code{Newsgroups} header of the article you're replying to | |
687 | (@code{message-insert-newsgroups}). | |
688 | ||
689 | @item C-c C-l | |
690 | @kindex C-c C-l | |
691 | @findex message-to-list-only | |
692 | Send a message to the list only. Remove all addresses but the list | |
693 | address from @code{To:} and @code{Cc:} headers. | |
694 | ||
695 | @item C-c M-n | |
696 | @kindex C-c M-n | |
697 | @findex message-insert-disposition-notification-to | |
698 | Insert a request for a disposition | |
699 | notification. (@code{message-insert-disposition-notification-to}). | |
da0bbbc4 | 700 | This means that if the recipient supports RFC 2298 she might send you a |
4009494e GM |
701 | notification that she received the message. |
702 | ||
703 | @item M-x message-insert-importance-high | |
704 | @kindex M-x message-insert-importance-high | |
705 | @findex message-insert-importance-high | |
706 | @cindex Importance | |
707 | Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{high}, | |
708 | deleting headers if necessary. | |
709 | ||
710 | @item M-x message-insert-importance-low | |
711 | @kindex M-x message-insert-importance-low | |
712 | @findex message-insert-importance-low | |
713 | @cindex Importance | |
714 | Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{low}, deleting | |
715 | headers if necessary. | |
716 | ||
717 | @item C-c C-f s | |
718 | @kindex C-c C-f s | |
719 | @findex message-change-subject | |
720 | @cindex Subject | |
721 | Change the current @samp{Subject} header. Ask for new @samp{Subject} | |
722 | header and append @samp{(was: <Old Subject>)}. The old subject can be | |
723 | stripped on replying, see @code{message-subject-trailing-was-query} | |
724 | (@pxref{Message Headers}). | |
725 | ||
726 | @item C-c C-f x | |
727 | @kindex C-c C-f x | |
728 | @findex message-cross-post-followup-to | |
729 | @vindex message-cross-post-default | |
730 | @vindex message-cross-post-note-function | |
731 | @cindex X-Post | |
732 | @cindex cross-post | |
733 | Set up the @samp{FollowUp-To} header with a target newsgroup for a | |
734 | cross-post, add that target newsgroup to the @samp{Newsgroups} header if | |
735 | it is not a member of @samp{Newsgroups}, and insert a note in the body. | |
736 | If @code{message-cross-post-default} is @code{nil} or if this command is | |
737 | called with a prefix-argument, only the @samp{FollowUp-To} header will | |
738 | be set but the target newsgroup will not be added to the | |
739 | @samp{Newsgroups} header. The function to insert a note is controlled | |
740 | by the @code{message-cross-post-note-function} variable. | |
741 | ||
742 | @item C-c C-f t | |
743 | @kindex C-c C-f t | |
744 | @findex message-reduce-to-to-cc | |
745 | Replace contents of @samp{To} header with contents of @samp{Cc} or | |
746 | @samp{Bcc} header. (Iff @samp{Cc} header is not present, @samp{Bcc} | |
747 | header will be used instead.) | |
748 | ||
749 | @item C-c C-f w | |
750 | @kindex C-c C-f w | |
751 | @findex message-insert-wide-reply | |
752 | Insert @samp{To} and @samp{Cc} headers as if you were doing a wide | |
753 | reply even if the message was not made for a wide reply first. | |
754 | ||
755 | @item C-c C-f a | |
756 | @kindex C-c C-f a | |
757 | @findex message-add-archive-header | |
758 | @vindex message-archive-header | |
759 | @vindex message-archive-note | |
760 | @cindex X-No-Archive | |
761 | Insert @samp{X-No-Archive: Yes} in the header and a note in the body. | |
762 | The header and the note can be customized using | |
763 | @code{message-archive-header} and @code{message-archive-note}. When | |
764 | called with a prefix argument, ask for a text to insert. If you don't | |
765 | want the note in the body, set @code{message-archive-note} to | |
766 | @code{nil}. | |
767 | ||
768 | @end table | |
769 | ||
770 | ||
771 | @node Movement | |
772 | @section Movement | |
773 | ||
774 | @table @kbd | |
775 | @item C-c C-b | |
776 | @kindex C-c C-b | |
777 | @findex message-goto-body | |
778 | Move to the beginning of the body of the message | |
779 | (@code{message-goto-body}). | |
780 | ||
781 | @item C-c C-i | |
782 | @kindex C-c C-i | |
783 | @findex message-goto-signature | |
784 | Move to the signature of the message (@code{message-goto-signature}). | |
785 | ||
786 | @item C-a | |
787 | @kindex C-a | |
788 | @findex message-beginning-of-line | |
789 | @vindex message-beginning-of-line | |
790 | If at beginning of header value, go to beginning of line, else go to | |
791 | beginning of header value. (The header value comes after the header | |
792 | name and the colon.) This behavior can be disabled by toggling | |
793 | the variable @code{message-beginning-of-line}. | |
794 | ||
795 | @end table | |
796 | ||
797 | ||
798 | @node Insertion | |
799 | @section Insertion | |
800 | ||
801 | @table @kbd | |
802 | ||
803 | @item C-c C-y | |
804 | @kindex C-c C-y | |
805 | @findex message-yank-original | |
806 | Yank the message that's being replied to into the message buffer | |
807 | (@code{message-yank-original}). | |
808 | ||
809 | @item C-c C-M-y | |
810 | @kindex C-c C-M-y | |
811 | @findex message-yank-buffer | |
812 | Prompt for a buffer name and yank the contents of that buffer into the | |
813 | message buffer (@code{message-yank-buffer}). | |
814 | ||
815 | @item C-c C-q | |
816 | @kindex C-c C-q | |
817 | @findex message-fill-yanked-message | |
818 | Fill the yanked message (@code{message-fill-yanked-message}). Warning: | |
819 | Can severely mess up the yanked text if its quoting conventions are | |
820 | strange. You'll quickly get a feel for when it's safe, though. Anyway, | |
821 | just remember that @kbd{C-x u} (@code{undo}) is available and you'll be | |
822 | all right. | |
823 | ||
824 | @item C-c C-w | |
825 | @kindex C-c C-w | |
826 | @findex message-insert-signature | |
827 | Insert a signature at the end of the buffer | |
828 | (@code{message-insert-signature}). | |
829 | ||
830 | @item C-c M-h | |
831 | @kindex C-c M-h | |
832 | @findex message-insert-headers | |
833 | Insert the message headers (@code{message-insert-headers}). | |
834 | ||
835 | @item C-c M-m | |
836 | @kindex C-c M-m | |
837 | @findex message-mark-inserted-region | |
01c52d31 MB |
838 | Mark some region in the current article with enclosing tags. See |
839 | @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}. | |
840 | When called with a prefix argument, use slrn style verbatim marks | |
841 | (@samp{#v+} and @samp{#v-}). | |
4009494e GM |
842 | |
843 | @item C-c M-f | |
844 | @kindex C-c M-f | |
845 | @findex message-mark-insert-file | |
846 | Insert a file in the current article with enclosing tags. | |
847 | See @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}. | |
01c52d31 MB |
848 | When called with a prefix argument, use slrn style verbatim marks |
849 | (@samp{#v+} and @samp{#v-}). | |
4009494e GM |
850 | |
851 | @end table | |
852 | ||
853 | ||
854 | @node MIME | |
855 | @section MIME | |
856 | @cindex MML | |
857 | @cindex MIME | |
858 | @cindex multipart | |
859 | @cindex attachment | |
860 | ||
861 | Message is a @acronym{MIME}-compliant posting agent. The user generally | |
862 | doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{MIME} happen---Message will | |
863 | automatically add the @code{Content-Type} and | |
864 | @code{Content-Transfer-Encoding} headers. | |
865 | ||
866 | @findex mml-attach-file | |
867 | @kindex C-c C-a | |
868 | The most typical thing users want to use the multipart things in | |
869 | @acronym{MIME} for is to add ``attachments'' to mail they send out. | |
870 | This can be done with the @kbd{C-c C-a} command (@kbd{M-x mml-attach-file}), | |
871 | which will prompt for a file name and a @acronym{MIME} type. | |
872 | ||
873 | @vindex mml-dnd-protocol-alist | |
874 | @vindex mml-dnd-attach-options | |
875 | If your Emacs supports drag and drop, you can also drop the file in the | |
876 | Message buffer. The variable @code{mml-dnd-protocol-alist} specifies | |
877 | what kind of action is done when you drop a file into the Message | |
878 | buffer. The variable @code{mml-dnd-attach-options} controls which | |
879 | @acronym{MIME} options you want to specify when dropping a file. If it | |
880 | is a list, valid members are @code{type}, @code{description} and | |
881 | @code{disposition}. @code{disposition} implies @code{type}. If it is | |
882 | @code{nil}, don't ask for options. If it is @code{t}, ask the user | |
883 | whether or not to specify options. | |
884 | ||
885 | You can also create arbitrarily complex multiparts using the @acronym{MML} | |
886 | language (@pxref{Composing, , Composing, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME | |
887 | Manual}). | |
888 | ||
889 | @node IDNA | |
890 | @section IDNA | |
891 | @cindex IDNA | |
892 | @cindex internationalized domain names | |
893 | @cindex non-ascii domain names | |
894 | ||
c5ecc769 G |
895 | @acronym{IDNA} is a standard way to encode non-@acronym{ASCII} domain |
896 | names into a readable @acronym{ASCII} string. The details can be | |
897 | found in RFC 3490. | |
898 | ||
4009494e GM |
899 | Message is a @acronym{IDNA}-compliant posting agent. The user |
900 | generally doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{IDNA} | |
901 | happen---Message will encode non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names in @code{From}, | |
902 | @code{To}, and @code{Cc} headers automatically. | |
903 | ||
904 | Until @acronym{IDNA} becomes more well known, Message queries you | |
905 | whether @acronym{IDNA} encoding of the domain name really should | |
906 | occur. Some users might not be aware that domain names can contain | |
907 | non-@acronym{ASCII} now, so this gives them a safety net if they accidently | |
908 | typed a non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name. | |
909 | ||
910 | @vindex message-use-idna | |
911 | The @code{message-use-idna} variable control whether @acronym{IDNA} is | |
912 | used. If the variable is @code{nil} no @acronym{IDNA} encoding will | |
913 | ever happen, if it is set to the symbol @code{ask} the user will be | |
914 | queried, and if set to @code{t} (which is the default if @acronym{IDNA} | |
915 | is fully available) @acronym{IDNA} encoding happens automatically. | |
916 | ||
917 | @findex message-idna-to-ascii-rhs | |
918 | If you want to experiment with the @acronym{IDNA} encoding, you can | |
919 | invoke @kbd{M-x message-idna-to-ascii-rhs RET} in the message buffer | |
920 | to have the non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names encoded while you edit | |
921 | the message. | |
922 | ||
923 | Note that you must have @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/, GNU | |
924 | Libidn} installed in order to use this functionality. | |
925 | ||
926 | @node Security | |
927 | @section Security | |
928 | @cindex Security | |
929 | @cindex S/MIME | |
930 | @cindex PGP | |
931 | @cindex PGP/MIME | |
932 | @cindex sign | |
933 | @cindex encrypt | |
934 | @cindex secure | |
935 | ||
936 | Using the @acronym{MML} language, Message is able to create digitally | |
937 | signed and digitally encrypted messages. Message (or rather | |
938 | @acronym{MML}) currently support @acronym{PGP} (RFC 1991), | |
939 | @acronym{PGP/MIME} (RFC 2015/3156) and @acronym{S/MIME}. | |
940 | ||
941 | @menu | |
942 | * Signing and encryption:: Signing and encrypting commands. | |
943 | * Using S/MIME:: Using S/MIME | |
944 | * Using PGP/MIME:: Using PGP/MIME | |
945 | * PGP Compatibility:: Compatibility with older implementations | |
946 | @end menu | |
947 | ||
948 | @node Signing and encryption | |
949 | @subsection Signing and encrypting commands | |
950 | ||
951 | Instructing @acronym{MML} to perform security operations on a | |
952 | @acronym{MIME} part is done using the @kbd{C-c C-m s} key map for | |
953 | signing and the @kbd{C-c C-m c} key map for encryption, as follows. | |
954 | @table @kbd | |
955 | ||
956 | @item C-c C-m s s | |
957 | @kindex C-c C-m s s | |
958 | @findex mml-secure-message-sign-smime | |
959 | ||
960 | Digitally sign current message using @acronym{S/MIME}. | |
961 | ||
962 | @item C-c C-m s o | |
963 | @kindex C-c C-m s o | |
964 | @findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgp | |
965 | ||
966 | Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP}. | |
967 | ||
968 | @item C-c C-m s p | |
969 | @kindex C-c C-m s p | |
970 | @findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgpmime | |
971 | ||
972 | Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}. | |
973 | ||
974 | @item C-c C-m c s | |
975 | @kindex C-c C-m c s | |
976 | @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-smime | |
977 | ||
978 | Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{S/MIME}. | |
979 | ||
980 | @item C-c C-m c o | |
981 | @kindex C-c C-m c o | |
982 | @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgp | |
983 | ||
984 | Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP}. | |
985 | ||
986 | @item C-c C-m c p | |
987 | @kindex C-c C-m c p | |
988 | @findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgpmime | |
989 | ||
990 | Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}. | |
991 | ||
992 | @item C-c C-m C-n | |
993 | @kindex C-c C-m C-n | |
994 | @findex mml-unsecure-message | |
995 | Remove security related @acronym{MML} tags from message. | |
996 | ||
997 | @end table | |
998 | ||
999 | These commands do not immediately sign or encrypt the message, they | |
1000 | merely insert the proper @acronym{MML} secure tag to instruct the | |
1001 | @acronym{MML} engine to perform that operation when the message is | |
1002 | actually sent. They may perform other operations too, such as locating | |
1003 | and retrieving a @acronym{S/MIME} certificate of the person you wish to | |
1004 | send encrypted mail to. When the mml parsing engine converts your | |
1005 | @acronym{MML} into a properly encoded @acronym{MIME} message, the secure | |
1006 | tag will be replaced with either a part or a multipart tag. If your | |
1007 | message contains other mml parts, a multipart tag will be used; if no | |
1008 | other parts are present in your message a single part tag will be used. | |
1009 | This way, message mode will do the Right Thing (TM) with | |
1010 | signed/encrypted multipart messages. | |
1011 | ||
1012 | Since signing and especially encryption often is used when sensitive | |
1013 | information is sent, you may want to have some way to ensure that your | |
1014 | mail is actually signed or encrypted. After invoking the above | |
1015 | sign/encrypt commands, it is possible to preview the raw article by | |
1016 | using @kbd{C-u C-c RET P} (@code{mml-preview}). Then you can | |
1017 | verify that your long rant about what your ex-significant other or | |
1018 | whomever actually did with that funny looking person at that strange | |
1019 | party the other night, actually will be sent encrypted. | |
1020 | ||
1021 | @emph{Note!} Neither @acronym{PGP/MIME} nor @acronym{S/MIME} encrypt/signs | |
1022 | RFC822 headers. They only operate on the @acronym{MIME} object. Keep this | |
1023 | in mind before sending mail with a sensitive Subject line. | |
1024 | ||
1025 | By default, when encrypting a message, Gnus will use the | |
1026 | ``signencrypt'' mode, which means the message is both signed and | |
1027 | encrypted. If you would like to disable this for a particular | |
1028 | message, give the @code{mml-secure-message-encrypt-*} command a prefix | |
1029 | argument, e.g., @kbd{C-u C-c C-m c p}. | |
1030 | ||
1031 | Actually using the security commands above is not very difficult. At | |
1032 | least not compared with making sure all involved programs talk with each | |
1033 | other properly. Thus, we now describe what external libraries or | |
1034 | programs are required to make things work, and some small general hints. | |
1035 | ||
1036 | @node Using S/MIME | |
1037 | @subsection Using S/MIME | |
1038 | ||
1039 | @emph{Note!} This section assume you have a basic familiarity with | |
1040 | modern cryptography, @acronym{S/MIME}, various PKCS standards, OpenSSL and | |
1041 | so on. | |
1042 | ||
1043 | The @acronym{S/MIME} support in Message (and @acronym{MML}) require | |
1044 | OpenSSL. OpenSSL performs the actual @acronym{S/MIME} sign/encrypt | |
1045 | operations. OpenSSL can be found at @uref{http://www.openssl.org/}. | |
1046 | OpenSSL 0.9.6 and later should work. Version 0.9.5a cannot extract mail | |
1047 | addresses from certificates, and it insert a spurious CR character into | |
1048 | @acronym{MIME} separators so you may wish to avoid it if you would like | |
1049 | to avoid being regarded as someone who send strange mail. (Although by | |
1050 | sending @acronym{S/MIME} messages you've probably already lost that | |
1051 | contest.) | |
1052 | ||
1053 | To be able to send encrypted mail, a personal certificate is not | |
1054 | required. Message (@acronym{MML}) need a certificate for the person to whom you | |
1055 | wish to communicate with though. You're asked for this when you type | |
1056 | @kbd{C-c C-m c s}. Currently there are two ways to retrieve this | |
1057 | certificate, from a local file or from DNS. If you chose a local | |
1058 | file, it need to contain a X.509 certificate in @acronym{PEM} format. | |
1059 | If you chose DNS, you're asked for the domain name where the | |
1060 | certificate is stored, the default is a good guess. To my belief, | |
1061 | Message (@acronym{MML}) is the first mail agent in the world to support | |
1062 | retrieving @acronym{S/MIME} certificates from DNS, so you're not | |
1063 | likely to find very many certificates out there. At least there | |
1064 | should be one, stored at the domain @code{simon.josefsson.org}. LDAP | |
1065 | is a more popular method of distributing certificates, support for it | |
1066 | is planned. (Meanwhile, you can use @code{ldapsearch} from the | |
1067 | command line to retrieve a certificate into a file and use it.) | |
1068 | ||
1069 | As for signing messages, OpenSSL can't perform signing operations | |
1070 | without some kind of configuration. Especially, you need to tell it | |
1071 | where your private key and your certificate is stored. @acronym{MML} | |
1072 | uses an Emacs interface to OpenSSL, aptly named @code{smime.el}, and it | |
1073 | contain a @code{custom} group used for this configuration. So, try | |
1074 | @kbd{M-x customize-group RET smime RET} and look around. | |
1075 | ||
1076 | Currently there is no support for talking to a CA (or RA) to create | |
1077 | your own certificate. None is planned either. You need to do this | |
1078 | manually with OpenSSL or using some other program. I used Netscape | |
1079 | and got a free @acronym{S/MIME} certificate from one of the big CA's on the | |
1080 | net. Netscape is able to export your private key and certificate in | |
1081 | PKCS #12 format. Use OpenSSL to convert this into a plain X.509 | |
1082 | certificate in PEM format as follows. | |
1083 | ||
1084 | @example | |
1085 | $ openssl pkcs12 -in ns.p12 -clcerts -nodes > key+cert.pem | |
1086 | @end example | |
1087 | ||
1088 | The @file{key+cert.pem} file should be pointed to from the | |
1089 | @code{smime-keys} variable. You should now be able to send signed mail. | |
1090 | ||
1091 | @emph{Note!} Your private key is now stored unencrypted in the file, | |
1092 | so take care in handling it. Storing encrypted keys on the disk are | |
1093 | supported, and Gnus will ask you for a passphrase before invoking | |
1094 | OpenSSL. Read the OpenSSL documentation for how to achieve this. If | |
1095 | you use unencrypted keys (e.g., if they are on a secure storage, or if | |
1096 | you are on a secure single user machine) simply press @code{RET} at | |
1097 | the passphrase prompt. | |
1098 | ||
1099 | @node Using PGP/MIME | |
1100 | @subsection Using PGP/MIME | |
1101 | ||
1102 | @acronym{PGP/MIME} requires an external OpenPGP implementation, such | |
2696d88f G |
1103 | as @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/, GNU Privacy Guard}. Pre-OpenPGP |
1104 | implementations such as PGP 2.x and PGP 5.x are also supported. One | |
4009494e | 1105 | Emacs interface to the PGP implementations, PGG (@pxref{Top, ,PGG, |
2696d88f G |
1106 | pgg, PGG Manual}), is included, but Mailcrypt is also supported. |
1107 | @xref{PGP Compatibility}. | |
4009494e GM |
1108 | |
1109 | @cindex gpg-agent | |
1110 | Message internally calls GnuPG (the @command{gpg} command) to perform | |
1111 | data encryption, and in certain cases (decrypting or signing for | |
1112 | example), @command{gpg} requires user's passphrase. Currently the | |
1113 | recommended way to supply your passphrase to @command{gpg} is to use the | |
1114 | @command{gpg-agent} program. | |
1115 | ||
1116 | To use @command{gpg-agent} in Emacs, you need to run the following | |
1117 | command from the shell before starting Emacs. | |
1118 | ||
1119 | @example | |
1120 | eval `gpg-agent --daemon` | |
1121 | @end example | |
1122 | ||
1123 | This will invoke @command{gpg-agent} and set the environment variable | |
1124 | @code{GPG_AGENT_INFO} to allow @command{gpg} to communicate with it. | |
1125 | It might be good idea to put this command in your @file{.xsession} or | |
1126 | @file{.bash_profile}. @xref{Invoking GPG-AGENT, , , gnupg, Using the | |
1127 | GNU Privacy Guard}. | |
1128 | ||
1129 | Once your @command{gpg-agent} is set up, it will ask you for a | |
1130 | passphrase as needed for @command{gpg}. Under the X Window System, | |
1131 | you will see a new passphrase input dialog appear. The dialog is | |
1132 | provided by PIN Entry (the @command{pinentry} command), and as of | |
1133 | version 0.7.2, @command{pinentry} cannot cooperate with Emacs on a | |
1134 | single tty. So, if you are using a text console, you may need to put | |
1135 | a passphrase into gpg-agent's cache beforehand. The following command | |
1136 | does the trick. | |
1137 | ||
1138 | @example | |
1139 | gpg --use-agent --sign < /dev/null > /dev/null | |
1140 | @end example | |
1141 | ||
1142 | The Lisp variable @code{pgg-gpg-use-agent} controls whether to use | |
1143 | @command{gpg-agent}. See also @xref{Caching passphrase, , , pgg, The | |
1144 | PGG Manual}. | |
1145 | ||
1146 | ||
1147 | @node PGP Compatibility | |
1148 | @subsection Compatibility with older implementations | |
1149 | ||
1150 | @vindex gpg-temp-directory | |
1151 | Note, if you are using the @code{gpg.el} you must make sure that the | |
1152 | directory specified by @code{gpg-temp-directory} have permissions | |
1153 | 0700. | |
1154 | ||
1155 | Creating your own key is described in detail in the documentation of | |
1156 | your PGP implementation, so we refer to it. | |
1157 | ||
1158 | If you have imported your old PGP 2.x key into GnuPG, and want to send | |
1159 | signed and encrypted messages to your fellow PGP 2.x users, you'll | |
1160 | discover that the receiver cannot understand what you send. One | |
1161 | solution is to use PGP 2.x instead (i.e., if you use @code{pgg}, set | |
66627fa9 G |
1162 | @code{pgg-default-scheme} to @code{pgp}). You could also convince your |
1163 | fellow PGP 2.x users to convert to GnuPG. | |
4009494e GM |
1164 | @vindex mml-signencrypt-style-alist |
1165 | As a final workaround, you can make the sign and encryption work in | |
1166 | two steps; separately sign, then encrypt a message. If you would like | |
1167 | to change this behavior you can customize the | |
1168 | @code{mml-signencrypt-style-alist} variable. For example: | |
1169 | ||
1170 | @lisp | |
1171 | (setq mml-signencrypt-style-alist '(("smime" separate) | |
1172 | ("pgp" separate) | |
1173 | ("pgpauto" separate) | |
1174 | ("pgpmime" separate))) | |
1175 | @end lisp | |
1176 | ||
1177 | This causes to sign and encrypt in two passes, thus generating a | |
1178 | message that can be understood by PGP version 2. | |
1179 | ||
1180 | (Refer to @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/pgp2x.html} for more | |
1181 | information about the problem.) | |
1182 | ||
1183 | @node Various Commands | |
1184 | @section Various Commands | |
1185 | ||
1186 | @table @kbd | |
1187 | ||
1188 | @item C-c C-r | |
1189 | @kindex C-c C-r | |
1190 | @findex message-caesar-buffer-body | |
1191 | Caesar rotate (aka. rot13) the current message | |
1192 | (@code{message-caesar-buffer-body}). If narrowing is in effect, just | |
1193 | rotate the visible portion of the buffer. A numerical prefix says how | |
1194 | many places to rotate the text. The default is 13. | |
1195 | ||
1196 | @item C-c C-e | |
1197 | @kindex C-c C-e | |
1198 | @findex message-elide-region | |
1199 | @vindex message-elide-ellipsis | |
1200 | Elide the text between point and mark (@code{message-elide-region}). | |
1201 | The text is killed and replaced with the contents of the variable | |
1202 | @code{message-elide-ellipsis}. The default value is to use an ellipsis | |
1203 | (@samp{[...]}). | |
1204 | ||
1518e4f0 G |
1205 | This is a format-spec string, and you can use @samp{%l} to say how |
1206 | many lines were removed, and @samp{%c} to say how many characters were | |
1207 | removed. | |
1208 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
1209 | @item C-c M-k |
1210 | @kindex C-c M-k | |
1211 | @findex message-kill-address | |
1212 | Kill the address under point. | |
1213 | ||
4009494e GM |
1214 | @item C-c C-z |
1215 | @kindex C-c C-z | |
1216 | @findex message-kill-to-signature | |
1217 | Kill all the text up to the signature, or if that's missing, up to the | |
1218 | end of the message (@code{message-kill-to-signature}). | |
1219 | ||
1220 | @item C-c C-v | |
1221 | @kindex C-c C-v | |
1222 | @findex message-delete-not-region | |
1223 | Delete all text in the body of the message that is outside the region | |
1224 | (@code{message-delete-not-region}). | |
1225 | ||
1226 | @item M-RET | |
1227 | @kindex M-RET | |
1228 | @findex message-newline-and-reformat | |
1229 | Insert four newlines, and then reformat if inside quoted text. | |
1230 | ||
1231 | Here's an example: | |
1232 | ||
1233 | @example | |
1234 | > This is some quoted text. And here's more quoted text. | |
1235 | @end example | |
1236 | ||
1237 | If point is before @samp{And} and you press @kbd{M-RET}, you'll get: | |
1238 | ||
1239 | @example | |
1240 | > This is some quoted text. | |
1241 | ||
1242 | * | |
1243 | ||
1244 | > And here's more quoted text. | |
1245 | @end example | |
1246 | ||
1247 | @samp{*} says where point will be placed. | |
1248 | ||
1249 | @item C-c M-r | |
1250 | @kindex C-c M-r | |
1251 | @findex message-rename-buffer | |
1252 | Rename the buffer (@code{message-rename-buffer}). If given a prefix, | |
1253 | prompt for a new buffer name. | |
1254 | ||
1255 | @item TAB | |
1256 | @kindex TAB | |
1257 | @findex message-tab | |
1258 | @vindex message-tab-body-function | |
1259 | If @code{message-tab-body-function} is non-@code{nil}, execute the | |
1260 | function it specifies. Otherwise use the function bound to @kbd{TAB} in | |
1261 | @code{text-mode-map} or @code{global-map}. | |
1262 | ||
1263 | @end table | |
1264 | ||
1265 | ||
1266 | @node Sending | |
1267 | @section Sending | |
1268 | ||
1269 | @table @kbd | |
1270 | @item C-c C-c | |
1271 | @kindex C-c C-c | |
1272 | @findex message-send-and-exit | |
1273 | Send the message and bury the current buffer | |
1274 | (@code{message-send-and-exit}). | |
1275 | ||
1276 | @item C-c C-s | |
1277 | @kindex C-c C-s | |
1278 | @findex message-send | |
1279 | Send the message (@code{message-send}). | |
1280 | ||
1281 | @item C-c C-d | |
1282 | @kindex C-c C-d | |
1283 | @findex message-dont-send | |
1284 | Bury the message buffer and exit (@code{message-dont-send}). | |
1285 | ||
1286 | @item C-c C-k | |
1287 | @kindex C-c C-k | |
1288 | @findex message-kill-buffer | |
1289 | Kill the message buffer and exit (@code{message-kill-buffer}). | |
1290 | ||
1291 | @end table | |
1292 | ||
1293 | ||
1294 | ||
1295 | @node Mail Aliases | |
1296 | @section Mail Aliases | |
1297 | @cindex mail aliases | |
1298 | @cindex aliases | |
01c52d31 MB |
1299 | @cindex completion |
1300 | @cindex ecomplete | |
4009494e GM |
1301 | |
1302 | @vindex message-mail-alias-type | |
1303 | The @code{message-mail-alias-type} variable controls what type of mail | |
01c52d31 MB |
1304 | alias expansion to use. Currently two forms are supported: |
1305 | @code{mailabbrev} and @code{ecomplete}. If this variable is | |
4009494e GM |
1306 | @code{nil}, no mail alias expansion will be performed. |
1307 | ||
1308 | @code{mailabbrev} works by parsing the @file{/etc/mailrc} and | |
1309 | @file{~/.mailrc} files. These files look like: | |
1310 | ||
1311 | @example | |
1312 | alias lmi "Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen <larsi@@ifi.uio.no>" | |
1313 | alias ding "ding@@ifi.uio.no (ding mailing list)" | |
1314 | @end example | |
1315 | ||
1316 | After adding lines like this to your @file{~/.mailrc} file, you should | |
1317 | be able to just write @samp{lmi} in the @code{To} or @code{Cc} (and so | |
1318 | on) headers and press @kbd{SPC} to expand the alias. | |
1319 | ||
1320 | No expansion will be performed upon sending of the message---all | |
1321 | expansions have to be done explicitly. | |
1322 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
1323 | If you're using @code{ecomplete}, all addresses from @code{To} and |
1324 | @code{Cc} headers will automatically be put into the | |
1325 | @file{~/.ecompleterc} file. When you enter text in the @code{To} and | |
1326 | @code{Cc} headers, @code{ecomplete} will check out the values stored | |
1327 | there and ``electrically'' say what completions are possible. To | |
1328 | choose one of these completions, use the @kbd{M-n} command to move | |
1329 | down to the list. Use @kbd{M-n} and @kbd{M-p} to move down and up the | |
1330 | list, and @kbd{RET} to choose a completion. | |
4009494e GM |
1331 | |
1332 | @node Spelling | |
1333 | @section Spelling | |
1334 | @cindex spelling | |
1335 | @findex ispell-message | |
1336 | ||
1337 | There are two popular ways to have Emacs spell-check your messages: | |
1338 | @code{ispell} and @code{flyspell}. @code{ispell} is the older and | |
1339 | probably more popular package. You typically first write the message, | |
1340 | and then run the entire thing through @code{ispell} and fix all the | |
1341 | typos. To have this happen automatically when you send a message, put | |
1342 | something like the following in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
1343 | ||
1344 | @lisp | |
1345 | (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message) | |
1346 | @end lisp | |
1347 | ||
1348 | @vindex ispell-message-dictionary-alist | |
1349 | If you're in the habit of writing in different languages, this can be | |
1350 | controlled by the @code{ispell-message-dictionary-alist} variable: | |
1351 | ||
1352 | @lisp | |
1353 | (setq ispell-message-dictionary-alist | |
1354 | '(("^Newsgroups:.*\\bde\\." . "deutsch8") | |
1355 | (".*" . "default"))) | |
1356 | @end lisp | |
1357 | ||
1358 | @code{ispell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command | |
1359 | installed. | |
1360 | ||
1361 | The other popular method is using @code{flyspell}. This package checks | |
1362 | your spelling while you're writing, and marks any mis-spelled words in | |
1363 | various ways. | |
1364 | ||
1365 | To use @code{flyspell}, put something like the following in your | |
1366 | @file{.emacs} file: | |
1367 | ||
1368 | @lisp | |
1369 | (defun my-message-setup-routine () | |
1370 | (flyspell-mode 1)) | |
1371 | (add-hook 'message-setup-hook 'my-message-setup-routine) | |
1372 | @end lisp | |
1373 | ||
1374 | @code{flyspell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command | |
1375 | installed. | |
1376 | ||
1377 | ||
1378 | @node Variables | |
1379 | @chapter Variables | |
1380 | ||
1381 | @menu | |
1382 | * Message Headers:: General message header stuff. | |
1383 | * Mail Headers:: Customizing mail headers. | |
1384 | * Mail Variables:: Other mail variables. | |
1385 | * News Headers:: Customizing news headers. | |
1386 | * News Variables:: Other news variables. | |
1387 | * Insertion Variables:: Customizing how things are inserted. | |
1388 | * Various Message Variables:: Other message variables. | |
1389 | * Sending Variables:: Variables for sending. | |
1390 | * Message Buffers:: How Message names its buffers. | |
1391 | * Message Actions:: Actions to be performed when exiting. | |
1392 | @end menu | |
1393 | ||
1394 | ||
1395 | @node Message Headers | |
1396 | @section Message Headers | |
1397 | ||
1398 | Message is quite aggressive on the message generation front. It has to | |
01c52d31 | 1399 | be---it's a combined news and mail agent. To be able to send combined |
4009494e GM |
1400 | messages, it has to generate all headers itself (instead of letting the |
1401 | mail/news system do it) to ensure that mail and news copies of messages | |
1402 | look sufficiently similar. | |
1403 | ||
1404 | @table @code | |
1405 | ||
1406 | @item message-generate-headers-first | |
1407 | @vindex message-generate-headers-first | |
1408 | If @code{t}, generate all required headers before starting to | |
1409 | compose the message. This can also be a list of headers to generate: | |
1410 | ||
1411 | @lisp | |
1412 | (setq message-generate-headers-first | |
1413 | '(References)) | |
1414 | @end lisp | |
1415 | ||
1416 | @vindex message-required-headers | |
1417 | The variables @code{message-required-headers}, | |
1418 | @code{message-required-mail-headers} and | |
1419 | @code{message-required-news-headers} specify which headers are | |
1420 | required. | |
1421 | ||
1422 | Note that some headers will be removed and re-generated before posting, | |
1423 | because of the variable @code{message-deletable-headers} (see below). | |
1424 | ||
1425 | @item message-draft-headers | |
1426 | @vindex message-draft-headers | |
1427 | When running Message from Gnus, the message buffers are associated | |
1428 | with a draft group. @code{message-draft-headers} says which headers | |
1429 | should be generated when a draft is written to the draft group. | |
1430 | ||
1431 | @item message-from-style | |
1432 | @vindex message-from-style | |
1433 | Specifies how @code{From} headers should look. There are four valid | |
1434 | values: | |
1435 | ||
1436 | @table @code | |
1437 | @item nil | |
01c52d31 | 1438 | Just the address---@samp{king@@grassland.com}. |
4009494e GM |
1439 | |
1440 | @item parens | |
1441 | @samp{king@@grassland.com (Elvis Parsley)}. | |
1442 | ||
1443 | @item angles | |
1444 | @samp{Elvis Parsley <king@@grassland.com>}. | |
1445 | ||
1446 | @item default | |
1447 | Look like @code{angles} if that doesn't require quoting, and | |
1448 | @code{parens} if it does. If even @code{parens} requires quoting, use | |
1449 | @code{angles} anyway. | |
1450 | ||
1451 | @end table | |
1452 | ||
1453 | @item message-deletable-headers | |
1454 | @vindex message-deletable-headers | |
1455 | Headers in this list that were previously generated by Message will be | |
1456 | deleted before posting. Let's say you post an article. Then you decide | |
1457 | to post it again to some other group, you naughty boy, so you jump back | |
1458 | to the @code{*post-buf*} buffer, edit the @code{Newsgroups} line, and | |
1459 | ship it off again. By default, this variable makes sure that the old | |
1460 | generated @code{Message-ID} is deleted, and a new one generated. If | |
1461 | this isn't done, the entire empire would probably crumble, anarchy would | |
1462 | prevail, and cats would start walking on two legs and rule the world. | |
1463 | Allegedly. | |
1464 | ||
1465 | @item message-default-headers | |
1466 | @vindex message-default-headers | |
b5c575e6 G |
1467 | Header lines to be inserted in outgoing messages before you edit the |
1468 | message, so you can edit or delete their lines. If set to a string, it | |
1469 | is directly inserted. If set to a function, it is called and its | |
1470 | result is inserted. | |
4009494e GM |
1471 | |
1472 | @item message-subject-re-regexp | |
1473 | @vindex message-subject-re-regexp | |
1474 | @cindex Aw | |
1475 | @cindex Sv | |
1476 | @cindex Re | |
1477 | Responses to messages have subjects that start with @samp{Re: }. This | |
1478 | is @emph{not} an abbreviation of the English word ``response'', but is | |
1479 | Latin, and means ``in response to''. Some illiterate nincompoops have | |
1480 | failed to grasp this fact, and have ``internationalized'' their software | |
1481 | to use abominations like @samp{Aw: } (``antwort'') or @samp{Sv: } | |
1482 | (``svar'') instead, which is meaningless and evil. However, you may | |
1483 | have to deal with users that use these evil tools, in which case you may | |
1484 | set this variable to a regexp that matches these prefixes. Myself, I | |
1485 | just throw away non-compliant mail. | |
1486 | ||
1487 | Here's an example of a value to deal with these headers when | |
1488 | responding to a message: | |
1489 | ||
1490 | @lisp | |
1491 | (setq message-subject-re-regexp | |
1492 | (concat | |
1493 | "^[ \t]*" | |
1494 | "\\(" | |
1495 | "\\(" | |
1496 | "[Aa][Nn][Tt][Ww]\\.?\\|" ; antw | |
1497 | "[Aa][Ww]\\|" ; aw | |
1498 | "[Ff][Ww][Dd]?\\|" ; fwd | |
1499 | "[Oo][Dd][Pp]\\|" ; odp | |
1500 | "[Rr][Ee]\\|" ; re | |
1501 | "[Rr][\311\351][Ff]\\.?\\|" ; ref | |
1502 | "[Ss][Vv]" ; sv | |
1503 | "\\)" | |
1504 | "\\(\\[[0-9]*\\]\\)" | |
1505 | "*:[ \t]*" | |
1506 | "\\)" | |
1507 | "*[ \t]*" | |
1508 | )) | |
1509 | @end lisp | |
1510 | ||
1511 | @item message-subject-trailing-was-query | |
1512 | @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-query | |
1513 | @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp | |
1514 | @vindex message-subject-trailing-was-regexp | |
1515 | Controls what to do with trailing @samp{(was: <old subject>)} in subject | |
1516 | lines. If @code{nil}, leave the subject unchanged. If it is the symbol | |
1517 | @code{ask}, query the user what to do. In this case, the subject is | |
1518 | matched against @code{message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp}. If | |
1519 | @code{message-subject-trailing-was-query} is @code{t}, always strip the | |
1520 | trailing old subject. In this case, | |
1521 | @code{message-subject-trailing-was-regexp} is used. | |
1522 | ||
1523 | @item message-alternative-emails | |
1524 | @vindex message-alternative-emails | |
1525 | Regexp matching alternative email addresses. The first address in the | |
1526 | To, Cc or From headers of the original article matching this variable is | |
1527 | used as the From field of outgoing messages, replacing the default From | |
1528 | value. | |
1529 | ||
1530 | For example, if you have two secondary email addresses john@@home.net | |
1531 | and john.doe@@work.com and want to use them in the From field when | |
1532 | composing a reply to a message addressed to one of them, you could set | |
1533 | this variable like this: | |
1534 | ||
1535 | @lisp | |
1536 | (setq message-alternative-emails | |
1537 | (regexp-opt '("john@@home.net" "john.doe@@work.com"))) | |
1538 | @end lisp | |
1539 | ||
1540 | This variable has precedence over posting styles and anything that runs | |
1541 | off @code{message-setup-hook}. | |
1542 | ||
1543 | @item message-allow-no-recipients | |
1544 | @vindex message-allow-no-recipients | |
1545 | Specifies what to do when there are no recipients other than | |
1546 | @code{Gcc} or @code{Fcc}. If it is @code{always}, the posting is | |
1547 | allowed. If it is @code{never}, the posting is not allowed. If it is | |
1548 | @code{ask} (the default), you are prompted. | |
1549 | ||
1550 | @item message-hidden-headers | |
1551 | @vindex message-hidden-headers | |
1552 | A regexp, a list of regexps, or a list where the first element is | |
1553 | @code{not} and the rest are regexps. It says which headers to keep | |
1554 | hidden when composing a message. | |
1555 | ||
1556 | @lisp | |
1557 | (setq message-hidden-headers | |
1558 | '(not "From" "Subject" "To" "Cc" "Newsgroups")) | |
1559 | @end lisp | |
1560 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
1561 | Headers are hidden using narrowing, you can use @kbd{M-x widen} to |
1562 | expose them in the buffer. | |
1563 | ||
4009494e GM |
1564 | @item message-header-synonyms |
1565 | @vindex message-header-synonyms | |
1566 | A list of lists of header synonyms. E.g., if this list contains a | |
1567 | member list with elements @code{Cc} and @code{To}, then | |
1568 | @code{message-carefully-insert-headers} will not insert a @code{To} | |
1569 | header when the message is already @code{Cc}ed to the recipient. | |
1570 | ||
1571 | @end table | |
1572 | ||
1573 | ||
1574 | @node Mail Headers | |
1575 | @section Mail Headers | |
1576 | ||
1577 | @table @code | |
1578 | @item message-required-mail-headers | |
1579 | @vindex message-required-mail-headers | |
1580 | @xref{News Headers}, for the syntax of this variable. It is | |
1581 | @code{(From Subject Date (optional . In-Reply-To) Message-ID | |
1582 | (optional . User-Agent))} by default. | |
1583 | ||
1584 | @item message-ignored-mail-headers | |
1585 | @vindex message-ignored-mail-headers | |
1586 | Regexp of headers to be removed before mailing. The default is@* | |
1587 | @samp{^[GF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^Xref:\\|^X-Draft-From:\\|@* | |
1588 | ^X-Gnus-Agent-Meta-Information:}. | |
1589 | ||
1590 | @item message-default-mail-headers | |
1591 | @vindex message-default-mail-headers | |
1592 | This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1593 | buffers that are initialized as mail. | |
1594 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
1595 | @item message-generate-hashcash |
1596 | @vindex message-generate-hashcash | |
1597 | Variable that indicates whether @samp{X-Hashcash} headers | |
1598 | should be computed for the message. @xref{Hashcash, ,Hashcash,gnus, | |
1599 | The Gnus Manual}. If @code{opportunistic}, only generate the headers | |
1600 | when it doesn't lead to the user having to wait. | |
1601 | ||
4009494e GM |
1602 | @end table |
1603 | ||
1604 | ||
1605 | @node Mail Variables | |
1606 | @section Mail Variables | |
1607 | ||
1608 | @table @code | |
1609 | @item message-send-mail-function | |
1610 | @vindex message-send-mail-function | |
d82cf70b | 1611 | @findex message-send-mail-function |
4009494e GM |
1612 | @findex message-send-mail-with-sendmail |
1613 | @findex message-send-mail-with-mh | |
1614 | @findex message-send-mail-with-qmail | |
1615 | @findex message-smtpmail-send-it | |
1616 | @findex smtpmail-send-it | |
1617 | @findex feedmail-send-it | |
d82cf70b | 1618 | @findex message-send-mail-with-mailclient |
4009494e | 1619 | Function used to send the current buffer as mail. The default is |
01c52d31 MB |
1620 | @code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail}, or @code{smtpmail-send-it} |
1621 | according to the system. Other valid values include | |
d82cf70b | 1622 | @code{message-send-mail-with-mailclient}, |
4009494e | 1623 | @code{message-send-mail-with-mh}, @code{message-send-mail-with-qmail}, |
01c52d31 | 1624 | @code{message-smtpmail-send-it} and @code{feedmail-send-it}. |
4009494e | 1625 | |
d82cf70b MB |
1626 | The function |
1627 | @code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail} pipes your article to the | |
1628 | @code{sendmail} binary for further queuing and sending. When your local | |
1629 | system is not configured for sending mail using @code{sendmail}, and you | |
1630 | have access to a remote @acronym{SMTP} server, you can set | |
1631 | @code{message-send-mail-function} to @code{smtpmail-send-it} and make | |
1632 | sure to setup the @code{smtpmail} package correctly. An example: | |
1633 | ||
1634 | @lisp | |
1635 | (setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it | |
1636 | smtpmail-default-smtp-server "YOUR SMTP HOST") | |
1637 | @end lisp | |
1638 | ||
1639 | To the thing similar to this, there is | |
1640 | @code{message-smtpmail-send-it}. It is useful if your @acronym{ISP} | |
1641 | requires the @acronym{POP}-before-@acronym{SMTP} authentication. | |
1642 | @xref{POP before SMTP, , POP before SMTP, gnus, The Gnus Manual}. | |
1643 | ||
4009494e GM |
1644 | @item message-mh-deletable-headers |
1645 | @vindex message-mh-deletable-headers | |
1646 | Most versions of MH doesn't like being fed messages that contain the | |
1647 | headers in this variable. If this variable is non-@code{nil} (which is | |
1648 | the default), these headers will be removed before mailing when sending | |
1649 | messages via MH. Set it to @code{nil} if your MH can handle these | |
1650 | headers. | |
1651 | ||
1652 | @item message-qmail-inject-program | |
1653 | @vindex message-qmail-inject-program | |
1654 | @cindex qmail | |
1655 | Location of the qmail-inject program. | |
1656 | ||
1657 | @item message-qmail-inject-args | |
1658 | @vindex message-qmail-inject-args | |
1659 | Arguments passed to qmail-inject programs. | |
1660 | This should be a list of strings, one string for each argument. It | |
1661 | may also be a function. | |
1662 | ||
1663 | For e.g., if you wish to set the envelope sender address so that bounces | |
1664 | go to the right place or to deal with listserv's usage of that address, you | |
1665 | might set this variable to @code{'("-f" "you@@some.where")}. | |
1666 | ||
1667 | @item message-sendmail-f-is-evil | |
1668 | @vindex message-sendmail-f-is-evil | |
1669 | @cindex sendmail | |
1670 | Non-@code{nil} means don't add @samp{-f username} to the sendmail | |
1671 | command line. Doing so would be even more evil than leaving it out. | |
1672 | ||
1673 | @item message-sendmail-envelope-from | |
1674 | @vindex message-sendmail-envelope-from | |
1675 | When @code{message-sendmail-f-is-evil} is @code{nil}, this specifies | |
1676 | the address to use in the @acronym{SMTP} envelope. If it is | |
1677 | @code{nil}, use @code{user-mail-address}. If it is the symbol | |
1678 | @code{header}, use the @samp{From} header of the message. | |
1679 | ||
1680 | @item message-mailer-swallows-blank-line | |
1681 | @vindex message-mailer-swallows-blank-line | |
1682 | Set this to non-@code{nil} if the system's mailer runs the header and | |
1683 | body together. (This problem exists on SunOS 4 when sendmail is run | |
1684 | in remote mode.) The value should be an expression to test whether | |
1685 | the problem will actually occur. | |
1686 | ||
1687 | @item message-send-mail-partially-limit | |
1688 | @vindex message-send-mail-partially-limit | |
1689 | @cindex split large message | |
1690 | The limitation of messages sent as message/partial. The lower bound | |
1691 | of message size in characters, beyond which the message should be sent | |
85115796 KY |
1692 | in several parts. If it is @code{nil} (which is the default), the |
1693 | size is unlimited. | |
4009494e GM |
1694 | |
1695 | @end table | |
1696 | ||
1697 | ||
1698 | @node News Headers | |
1699 | @section News Headers | |
1700 | ||
1701 | @vindex message-required-news-headers | |
1702 | @code{message-required-news-headers} a list of header symbols. These | |
1703 | headers will either be automatically generated, or, if that's | |
1704 | impossible, they will be prompted for. The following symbols are valid: | |
1705 | ||
1706 | @table @code | |
1707 | ||
1708 | @item From | |
1709 | @cindex From | |
1710 | @findex user-full-name | |
1711 | @findex user-mail-address | |
1712 | This required header will be filled out with the result of the | |
1713 | @code{message-make-from} function, which depends on the | |
1714 | @code{message-from-style}, @code{user-full-name}, | |
1715 | @code{user-mail-address} variables. | |
1716 | ||
1717 | @item Subject | |
1718 | @cindex Subject | |
1719 | This required header will be prompted for if not present already. | |
1720 | ||
1721 | @item Newsgroups | |
1722 | @cindex Newsgroups | |
1723 | This required header says which newsgroups the article is to be posted | |
1724 | to. If it isn't present already, it will be prompted for. | |
1725 | ||
1726 | @item Organization | |
1727 | @cindex organization | |
1728 | @vindex message-user-organization | |
1729 | @vindex message-user-organization-file | |
1730 | This optional header will be filled out depending on the | |
1731 | @code{message-user-organization} variable. | |
1732 | @code{message-user-organization-file} will be used if this variable is | |
1733 | @code{t}. This variable can also be a string (in which case this string | |
1734 | will be used), or it can be a function (which will be called with no | |
1735 | parameters and should return a string to be used). | |
1736 | ||
1737 | @item Lines | |
1738 | @cindex Lines | |
1739 | This optional header will be computed by Message. | |
1740 | ||
1741 | @item Message-ID | |
1742 | @cindex Message-ID | |
1743 | @vindex message-user-fqdn | |
1744 | @vindex mail-host-address | |
1745 | @vindex user-mail-address | |
1746 | @findex system-name | |
1747 | @cindex Sun | |
1748 | @cindex i-did-not-set--mail-host-address--so-tickle-me | |
1749 | This required header will be generated by Message. A unique ID will be | |
1750 | created based on the date, time, user name (for the local part) and the | |
1751 | domain part. For the domain part, message will look (in this order) at | |
1752 | @code{message-user-fqdn}, @code{system-name}, @code{mail-host-address} | |
1753 | and @code{message-user-mail-address} (i.e. @code{user-mail-address}) | |
1754 | until a probably valid fully qualified domain name (FQDN) was found. | |
1755 | ||
1756 | @item User-Agent | |
1757 | @cindex User-Agent | |
1758 | This optional header will be filled out according to the | |
1759 | @code{message-newsreader} local variable. | |
1760 | ||
1761 | @item In-Reply-To | |
1762 | This optional header is filled out using the @code{Date} and @code{From} | |
1763 | header of the article being replied to. | |
1764 | ||
1765 | @item Expires | |
1766 | @cindex Expires | |
1767 | @vindex message-expires | |
1768 | This extremely optional header will be inserted according to the | |
1769 | @code{message-expires} variable. It is highly deprecated and shouldn't | |
1770 | be used unless you know what you're doing. | |
1771 | ||
1772 | @item Distribution | |
1773 | @cindex Distribution | |
1774 | @vindex message-distribution-function | |
1775 | This optional header is filled out according to the | |
1776 | @code{message-distribution-function} variable. It is a deprecated and | |
1777 | much misunderstood header. | |
1778 | ||
1779 | @item Path | |
1780 | @cindex path | |
1781 | @vindex message-user-path | |
1782 | This extremely optional header should probably never be used. | |
1783 | However, some @emph{very} old servers require that this header is | |
1784 | present. @code{message-user-path} further controls how this | |
1785 | @code{Path} header is to look. If it is @code{nil}, use the server name | |
1786 | as the leaf node. If it is a string, use the string. If it is neither | |
1787 | a string nor @code{nil}, use the user name only. However, it is highly | |
1788 | unlikely that you should need to fiddle with this variable at all. | |
1789 | @end table | |
1790 | ||
1791 | @findex yow | |
1792 | @cindex Mime-Version | |
1793 | In addition, you can enter conses into this list. The @sc{car} of this cons | |
1794 | should be a symbol. This symbol's name is the name of the header, and | |
1795 | the @sc{cdr} can either be a string to be entered verbatim as the value of | |
1796 | this header, or it can be a function to be called. This function should | |
1797 | return a string to be inserted. For instance, if you want to insert | |
1798 | @code{Mime-Version: 1.0}, you should enter @code{(Mime-Version . "1.0")} | |
1799 | into the list. If you want to insert a funny quote, you could enter | |
1800 | something like @code{(X-Yow . yow)} into the list. The function | |
1801 | @code{yow} will then be called without any arguments. | |
1802 | ||
1803 | If the list contains a cons where the @sc{car} of the cons is | |
1804 | @code{optional}, the @sc{cdr} of this cons will only be inserted if it is | |
1805 | non-@code{nil}. | |
1806 | ||
1807 | If you want to delete an entry from this list, the following Lisp | |
1808 | snippet might be useful. Adjust accordingly if you want to remove | |
1809 | another element. | |
1810 | ||
1811 | @lisp | |
1812 | (setq message-required-news-headers | |
1813 | (delq 'Message-ID message-required-news-headers)) | |
1814 | @end lisp | |
1815 | ||
1816 | Other variables for customizing outgoing news articles: | |
1817 | ||
1818 | @table @code | |
1819 | ||
1820 | @item message-syntax-checks | |
1821 | @vindex message-syntax-checks | |
1822 | Controls what syntax checks should not be performed on outgoing posts. | |
1823 | To disable checking of long signatures, for instance, add | |
1824 | ||
1825 | @lisp | |
1826 | (signature . disabled) | |
1827 | @end lisp | |
1828 | ||
1829 | to this list. | |
1830 | ||
1831 | Valid checks are: | |
1832 | ||
1833 | @table @code | |
1834 | @item approved | |
1835 | @cindex approved | |
1836 | Check whether the article has an @code{Approved} header, which is | |
1837 | something only moderators should include. | |
1838 | @item continuation-headers | |
1839 | Check whether there are continuation header lines that don't begin with | |
1840 | whitespace. | |
1841 | @item control-chars | |
1842 | Check for invalid characters. | |
1843 | @item empty | |
1844 | Check whether the article is empty. | |
1845 | @item existing-newsgroups | |
1846 | Check whether the newsgroups mentioned in the @code{Newsgroups} and | |
1847 | @code{Followup-To} headers exist. | |
1848 | @item from | |
1849 | Check whether the @code{From} header seems nice. | |
1850 | @item illegible-text | |
1851 | Check whether there is any non-printable character in the body. | |
1852 | @item invisible-text | |
1853 | Check whether there is any invisible text in the buffer. | |
1854 | @item long-header-lines | |
1855 | Check for too long header lines. | |
1856 | @item long-lines | |
1857 | @cindex long lines | |
1858 | Check for too long lines in the body. | |
1859 | @item message-id | |
1860 | Check whether the @code{Message-ID} looks syntactically ok. | |
1861 | @item multiple-headers | |
1862 | Check for the existence of multiple equal headers. | |
1863 | @item new-text | |
1864 | Check whether there is any new text in the messages. | |
1865 | @item newsgroups | |
1866 | Check whether the @code{Newsgroups} header exists and is not empty. | |
1867 | @item quoting-style | |
1868 | Check whether text follows last quoted portion. | |
1869 | @item repeated-newsgroups | |
1870 | Check whether the @code{Newsgroups} and @code{Followup-to} headers | |
1871 | contains repeated group names. | |
1872 | @item reply-to | |
1873 | Check whether the @code{Reply-To} header looks ok. | |
1874 | @item sender | |
1875 | @cindex Sender | |
1876 | Insert a new @code{Sender} header if the @code{From} header looks odd. | |
1877 | @item sendsys | |
1878 | @cindex sendsys | |
1879 | Check for the existence of version and sendsys commands. | |
1880 | @item shoot | |
1881 | Check whether the domain part of the @code{Message-ID} header looks ok. | |
1882 | @item shorten-followup-to | |
1883 | Check whether to add a @code{Followup-to} header to shorten the number | |
1884 | of groups to post to. | |
1885 | @item signature | |
1886 | Check the length of the signature. | |
1887 | @item size | |
1888 | Check for excessive size. | |
1889 | @item subject | |
1890 | Check whether the @code{Subject} header exists and is not empty. | |
1891 | @item subject-cmsg | |
1892 | Check the subject for commands. | |
1893 | @item valid-newsgroups | |
1894 | Check whether the @code{Newsgroups} and @code{Followup-to} headers | |
1895 | are valid syntactically. | |
1896 | @end table | |
1897 | ||
1898 | All these conditions are checked by default, except for @code{sender} | |
1899 | for which the check is disabled by default if | |
1900 | @code{message-insert-canlock} is non-@code{nil} (@pxref{Canceling News}). | |
1901 | ||
1902 | @item message-ignored-news-headers | |
1903 | @vindex message-ignored-news-headers | |
1904 | Regexp of headers to be removed before posting. The default is@* | |
1905 | @samp{^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^[BGF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|@* | |
1906 | ^X-Draft-From:\\|^X-Gnus-Agent-Meta-Information:}. | |
1907 | ||
1908 | @item message-default-news-headers | |
1909 | @vindex message-default-news-headers | |
1910 | This string is inserted at the end of the headers in all message | |
1911 | buffers that are initialized as news. | |
1912 | ||
1913 | @end table | |
1914 | ||
1915 | ||
1916 | @node News Variables | |
1917 | @section News Variables | |
1918 | ||
1919 | @table @code | |
1920 | @item message-send-news-function | |
1921 | @vindex message-send-news-function | |
1922 | Function used to send the current buffer as news. The default is | |
1923 | @code{message-send-news}. | |
1924 | ||
1925 | @item message-post-method | |
1926 | @vindex message-post-method | |
1927 | Gnusish @dfn{select method} (see the Gnus manual for details) used for | |
1928 | posting a prepared news message. | |
1929 | ||
1930 | @end table | |
1931 | ||
1932 | ||
1933 | @node Insertion Variables | |
1934 | @section Insertion Variables | |
1935 | ||
1936 | @table @code | |
a123622d G |
1937 | @item message-cite-style |
1938 | @vindex message-cite-style | |
1939 | The overall style to be used when replying to messages. This controls | |
1940 | things like where the reply should be put relative to the original, | |
1941 | how the citation is formatted, where the signature goes, etc. | |
1942 | ||
1943 | Value is either @code{nil} (no variable overrides) or a let-style list | |
1944 | of pairs @code{(VARIABLE VALUE)} to override default values. | |
1945 | ||
1946 | See @code{gnus-posting-styles} to set this variable for specific | |
1947 | groups. Presets to impersonate popular mail agents are available in the | |
1948 | @code{message-cite-style-*} variables. | |
1949 | ||
1950 | @item message-cite-reply-position | |
1951 | @vindex message-cite-reply-position | |
1952 | Where the reply should be positioned. Available styles are | |
1953 | @code{traditional} to reply inline, @code{above} for top-posting, and | |
1954 | @code{below} for bottom-posting | |
1955 | ||
4009494e GM |
1956 | @item message-ignored-cited-headers |
1957 | @vindex message-ignored-cited-headers | |
1958 | All headers that match this regexp will be removed from yanked | |
1959 | messages. The default is @samp{.}, which means that all headers will be | |
1960 | removed. | |
1961 | ||
1962 | @item message-cite-prefix-regexp | |
1963 | @vindex message-cite-prefix-regexp | |
1964 | Regexp matching the longest possible citation prefix on a line. | |
1965 | ||
1966 | @item message-citation-line-function | |
1967 | @vindex message-citation-line-function | |
1968 | @cindex attribution line | |
1969 | Function called to insert the citation line. The default is | |
1970 | @code{message-insert-citation-line}, which will lead to citation lines | |
1971 | that look like: | |
1972 | ||
1973 | @example | |
1974 | Hallvard B Furuseth <h.b.furuseth@@usit.uio.no> writes: | |
1975 | @end example | |
1976 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
1977 | @c FIXME: Add `message-insert-formated-citation-line' and |
1978 | @c `message-citation-line-format' | |
1979 | ||
4009494e GM |
1980 | Point will be at the beginning of the body of the message when this |
1981 | function is called. | |
1982 | ||
1983 | Note that Gnus provides a feature where clicking on `writes:' hides the | |
1984 | cited text. If you change the citation line too much, readers of your | |
1985 | messages will have to adjust their Gnus, too. See the variable | |
1986 | @code{gnus-cite-attribution-suffix}. @xref{Article Highlighting, , | |
1987 | Article Highlighting, gnus, The Gnus Manual}, for details. | |
1988 | ||
1989 | @item message-yank-prefix | |
1990 | @vindex message-yank-prefix | |
1991 | @cindex yanking | |
1992 | @cindex quoting | |
1993 | When you are replying to or following up an article, you normally want | |
01c52d31 MB |
1994 | to quote the person you are answering. Inserting quoted text is done by |
1995 | @dfn{yanking}, and each line you yank will have | |
1996 | @code{message-yank-prefix} prepended to it (except for quoted lines | |
1997 | which use @code{message-yank-cited-prefix} and empty lines which use | |
1998 | @code{message-yank-empty-prefix}). The default is @samp{> }. | |
4009494e GM |
1999 | |
2000 | @item message-yank-cited-prefix | |
2001 | @vindex message-yank-cited-prefix | |
2002 | @cindex yanking | |
2003 | @cindex cited | |
2004 | @cindex quoting | |
01c52d31 MB |
2005 | When yanking text from an article which contains already cited text, |
2006 | each line will be prefixed with the contents of this variable. The | |
2007 | default is @samp{>}. See also @code{message-yank-prefix}. | |
2008 | ||
2009 | @item message-yank-empty-prefix | |
2010 | @vindex message-yank-empty-prefix | |
2011 | @cindex yanking | |
2012 | @cindex quoting | |
2013 | When yanking text from an article, each empty line will be prefixed with | |
2014 | the contents of this variable. The default is @samp{>}. You can set | |
2015 | this variable to an empty string to split the cited text into paragraphs | |
2016 | automatically. See also @code{message-yank-prefix}. | |
4009494e GM |
2017 | |
2018 | @item message-indentation-spaces | |
2019 | @vindex message-indentation-spaces | |
2020 | Number of spaces to indent yanked messages. | |
2021 | ||
2022 | @item message-cite-function | |
2023 | @vindex message-cite-function | |
2024 | @findex message-cite-original | |
4009494e | 2025 | @findex message-cite-original-without-signature |
4009494e GM |
2026 | Function for citing an original message. The default is |
2027 | @code{message-cite-original}, which simply inserts the original message | |
2028 | and prepends @samp{> } to each line. | |
2029 | @code{message-cite-original-without-signature} does the same, but elides | |
dae0a942 | 2030 | the signature. |
4009494e GM |
2031 | |
2032 | @item message-indent-citation-function | |
2033 | @vindex message-indent-citation-function | |
2034 | Function for modifying a citation just inserted in the mail buffer. | |
2035 | This can also be a list of functions. Each function can find the | |
2036 | citation between @code{(point)} and @code{(mark t)}. And each function | |
2037 | should leave point and mark around the citation text as modified. | |
2038 | ||
2039 | @item message-mark-insert-begin | |
2040 | @vindex message-mark-insert-begin | |
2041 | String to mark the beginning of some inserted text. | |
2042 | ||
2043 | @item message-mark-insert-end | |
2044 | @vindex message-mark-insert-end | |
2045 | String to mark the end of some inserted text. | |
2046 | ||
2047 | @item message-signature | |
2048 | @vindex message-signature | |
2049 | String to be inserted at the end of the message buffer. If @code{t} | |
2050 | (which is the default), the @code{message-signature-file} file will be | |
2051 | inserted instead. If a function, the result from the function will be | |
2052 | used instead. If a form, the result from the form will be used instead. | |
2053 | If this variable is @code{nil}, no signature will be inserted at all. | |
2054 | ||
2055 | @item message-signature-file | |
2056 | @vindex message-signature-file | |
2057 | File containing the signature to be inserted at the end of the buffer. | |
01c52d31 MB |
2058 | If a path is specified, the value of |
2059 | @code{message-signature-directory} is ignored, even if set. | |
4009494e GM |
2060 | The default is @file{~/.signature}. |
2061 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
2062 | @item message-signature-directory |
2063 | @vindex message-signature-directory | |
2064 | Name of directory containing signature files. Comes in handy if you | |
2065 | have many such files, handled via Gnus posting styles for instance. | |
2066 | If @code{nil} (the default), @code{message-signature-file} is expected | |
2067 | to specify the directory if needed. | |
2068 | ||
2069 | ||
4009494e GM |
2070 | @item message-signature-insert-empty-line |
2071 | @vindex message-signature-insert-empty-line | |
2072 | If @code{t} (the default value) an empty line is inserted before the | |
2073 | signature separator. | |
2074 | ||
2075 | @end table | |
2076 | ||
2077 | Note that RFC1036bis says that a signature should be preceded by the three | |
2078 | characters @samp{-- } on a line by themselves. This is to make it | |
2079 | easier for the recipient to automatically recognize and process the | |
2080 | signature. So don't remove those characters, even though you might feel | |
2081 | that they ruin your beautiful design, like, totally. | |
2082 | ||
2083 | Also note that no signature should be more than four lines long. | |
2084 | Including @acronym{ASCII} graphics is an efficient way to get | |
2085 | everybody to believe that you are silly and have nothing important to | |
2086 | say. | |
2087 | ||
2088 | ||
2089 | @node Various Message Variables | |
2090 | @section Various Message Variables | |
2091 | ||
2092 | @table @code | |
2093 | @item message-default-charset | |
2094 | @vindex message-default-charset | |
2095 | @cindex charset | |
2096 | Symbol naming a @acronym{MIME} charset. Non-@acronym{ASCII} characters | |
2097 | in messages are assumed to be encoded using this charset. The default | |
2098 | is @code{iso-8859-1} on non-@sc{mule} Emacsen; otherwise @code{nil}, | |
2099 | which means ask the user. (This variable is used only on non-@sc{mule} | |
2100 | Emacsen.) @xref{Charset Translation, , Charset Translation, emacs-mime, | |
2101 | Emacs MIME Manual}, for details on the @sc{mule}-to-@acronym{MIME} | |
2102 | translation process. | |
2103 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
2104 | @item message-fill-column |
2105 | @vindex message-fill-column | |
2106 | @cindex auto-fill | |
2107 | Local value for the column beyond which automatic line-wrapping should | |
2108 | happen for message buffers. If non-nil (the default), also turn on | |
2109 | auto-fill in message buffers. | |
2110 | ||
4009494e GM |
2111 | @item message-signature-separator |
2112 | @vindex message-signature-separator | |
2113 | Regexp matching the signature separator. It is @samp{^-- *$} by | |
2114 | default. | |
2115 | ||
2116 | @item mail-header-separator | |
2117 | @vindex mail-header-separator | |
2118 | String used to separate the headers from the body. It is @samp{--text | |
2119 | follows this line--} by default. | |
2120 | ||
2121 | @item message-directory | |
2122 | @vindex message-directory | |
2123 | Directory used by many mailey things. The default is @file{~/Mail/}. | |
2124 | All other mail file variables are derived from @code{message-directory}. | |
2125 | ||
2126 | @item message-auto-save-directory | |
2127 | @vindex message-auto-save-directory | |
2128 | Directory where Message auto-saves buffers if Gnus isn't running. If | |
2129 | @code{nil}, Message won't auto-save. The default is @file{~/Mail/drafts/}. | |
2130 | ||
2131 | @item message-signature-setup-hook | |
2132 | @vindex message-signature-setup-hook | |
2133 | Hook run when initializing the message buffer. It is run after the | |
2134 | headers have been inserted but before the signature has been inserted. | |
2135 | ||
2136 | @item message-setup-hook | |
2137 | @vindex message-setup-hook | |
2138 | Hook run as the last thing when the message buffer has been initialized, | |
2139 | but before yanked text is inserted. | |
2140 | ||
2141 | @item message-header-setup-hook | |
2142 | @vindex message-header-setup-hook | |
2143 | Hook called narrowed to the headers after initializing the headers. | |
2144 | ||
2145 | For instance, if you're running Gnus and wish to insert a | |
2146 | @samp{Mail-Copies-To} header in all your news articles and all messages | |
2147 | you send to mailing lists, you could do something like the following: | |
2148 | ||
2149 | @lisp | |
2150 | (defun my-message-header-setup-hook () | |
2151 | (let ((group (or gnus-newsgroup-name ""))) | |
2152 | (when (or (message-fetch-field "newsgroups") | |
2153 | (gnus-group-find-parameter group 'to-address) | |
2154 | (gnus-group-find-parameter group 'to-list)) | |
2155 | (insert "Mail-Copies-To: never\n")))) | |
2156 | ||
2157 | (add-hook 'message-header-setup-hook | |
2158 | 'my-message-header-setup-hook) | |
2159 | @end lisp | |
2160 | ||
2161 | @item message-send-hook | |
2162 | @vindex message-send-hook | |
2163 | Hook run before sending messages. | |
2164 | ||
2165 | If you want to add certain headers before sending, you can use the | |
2166 | @code{message-add-header} function in this hook. For instance: | |
2167 | @findex message-add-header | |
2168 | ||
2169 | @lisp | |
2170 | (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'my-message-add-content) | |
2171 | (defun my-message-add-content () | |
2172 | (message-add-header "X-In-No-Sense: Nonsense") | |
2173 | (message-add-header "X-Whatever: no")) | |
2174 | @end lisp | |
2175 | ||
2176 | This function won't add the header if the header is already present. | |
2177 | ||
2178 | @item message-send-mail-hook | |
2179 | @vindex message-send-mail-hook | |
2180 | Hook run before sending mail messages. This hook is run very late -- | |
2181 | just before the message is actually sent as mail. | |
2182 | ||
2183 | @item message-send-news-hook | |
2184 | @vindex message-send-news-hook | |
2185 | Hook run before sending news messages. This hook is run very late -- | |
2186 | just before the message is actually sent as news. | |
2187 | ||
2188 | @item message-sent-hook | |
2189 | @vindex message-sent-hook | |
2190 | Hook run after sending messages. | |
2191 | ||
2192 | @item message-cancel-hook | |
2193 | @vindex message-cancel-hook | |
2194 | Hook run when canceling news articles. | |
2195 | ||
2196 | @item message-mode-syntax-table | |
2197 | @vindex message-mode-syntax-table | |
2198 | Syntax table used in message mode buffers. | |
2199 | ||
01c52d31 MB |
2200 | @item message-cite-articles-with-x-no-archive |
2201 | @vindex message-cite-articles-with-x-no-archive | |
2202 | If non-@code{nil}, don't strip quoted text from articles that have | |
2203 | @samp{X-No-Archive} set. Even if this variable isn't set, you can | |
2204 | undo the stripping by hitting the @code{undo} keystroke. | |
2205 | ||
4009494e GM |
2206 | @item message-strip-special-text-properties |
2207 | @vindex message-strip-special-text-properties | |
2208 | Emacs has a number of special text properties which can break message | |
2209 | composing in various ways. If this option is set, message will strip | |
2210 | these properties from the message composition buffer. However, some | |
2211 | packages requires these properties to be present in order to work. If | |
2212 | you use one of these packages, turn this option off, and hope the | |
2213 | message composition doesn't break too bad. | |
2214 | ||
2215 | @item message-send-method-alist | |
2216 | @vindex message-send-method-alist | |
2217 | @findex message-mail-p | |
2218 | @findex message-news-p | |
2219 | @findex message-send-via-mail | |
2220 | @findex message-send-via-news | |
2221 | Alist of ways to send outgoing messages. Each element has the form: | |
2222 | ||
2223 | @lisp | |
2224 | (@var{type} @var{predicate} @var{function}) | |
2225 | @end lisp | |
2226 | ||
2227 | @table @var | |
2228 | @item type | |
2229 | A symbol that names the method. | |
2230 | ||
2231 | @item predicate | |
2232 | A function called without any parameters to determine whether the | |
2233 | message is a message of type @var{type}. The function will be called in | |
2234 | the buffer where the message is. | |
2235 | ||
2236 | @item function | |
2237 | A function to be called if @var{predicate} returns non-@code{nil}. | |
01c52d31 | 2238 | @var{function} is called with one parameter---the prefix. |
4009494e GM |
2239 | @end table |
2240 | ||
2241 | The default is: | |
2242 | ||
2243 | @lisp | |
2244 | ((news message-news-p message-send-via-news) | |
2245 | (mail message-mail-p message-send-via-mail)) | |
2246 | @end lisp | |
2247 | ||
2248 | The @code{message-news-p} function returns non-@code{nil} if the message | |
2249 | looks like news, and the @code{message-send-via-news} function sends the | |
2250 | message according to the @code{message-send-news-function} variable | |
2251 | (@pxref{News Variables}). The @code{message-mail-p} function returns | |
2252 | non-@code{nil} if the message looks like mail, and the | |
2253 | @code{message-send-via-mail} function sends the message according to the | |
2254 | @code{message-send-mail-function} variable (@pxref{Mail Variables}). | |
2255 | ||
2256 | All the elements in this alist will be tried in order, so a message | |
2257 | containing both a valid @samp{Newsgroups} header and a valid @samp{To} | |
2258 | header, for example, will be sent as news, and then as mail. | |
2259 | @end table | |
2260 | ||
2261 | ||
2262 | ||
2263 | @node Sending Variables | |
2264 | @section Sending Variables | |
2265 | ||
2266 | @table @code | |
2267 | ||
2268 | @item message-fcc-handler-function | |
2269 | @vindex message-fcc-handler-function | |
2270 | A function called to save outgoing articles. This function will be | |
2271 | called with the name of the file to store the article in. The default | |
2272 | function is @code{message-output} which saves in Unix mailbox format. | |
2273 | ||
2274 | @item message-courtesy-message | |
2275 | @vindex message-courtesy-message | |
2276 | When sending combined messages, this string is inserted at the start of | |
2277 | the mailed copy. If the string contains the format spec @samp{%s}, the | |
2278 | newsgroups the article has been posted to will be inserted there. If | |
2279 | this variable is @code{nil}, no such courtesy message will be added. | |
2280 | The default value is @samp{"The following message is a courtesy copy of | |
2281 | an article\\nthat has been posted to %s as well.\\n\\n"}. | |
2282 | ||
2283 | @item message-fcc-externalize-attachments | |
2284 | @vindex message-fcc-externalize-attachments | |
2285 | If @code{nil}, attach files as normal parts in Fcc copies; if it is | |
2286 | non-@code{nil}, attach local files as external parts. | |
2287 | ||
2288 | @item message-interactive | |
2289 | @vindex message-interactive | |
2290 | If non-@code{nil} wait for and display errors when sending a message; | |
2291 | if @code{nil} let the mailer mail back a message to report errors. | |
2292 | ||
e52cac88 MB |
2293 | @item message-confirm-send |
2294 | @vindex message-confirm-send | |
eef5ade7 | 2295 | When non-@code{nil}, Gnus will ask for confirmation when sending a |
e52cac88 MB |
2296 | message. |
2297 | ||
4009494e GM |
2298 | @end table |
2299 | ||
2300 | ||
2301 | @node Message Buffers | |
2302 | @section Message Buffers | |
2303 | ||
2304 | Message will generate new buffers with unique buffer names when you | |
2305 | request a message buffer. When you send the message, the buffer isn't | |
2306 | normally killed off. Its name is changed and a certain number of old | |
2307 | message buffers are kept alive. | |
2308 | ||
2309 | @table @code | |
2310 | @item message-generate-new-buffers | |
2311 | @vindex message-generate-new-buffers | |
2312 | Controls whether to create a new message buffer to compose a message. | |
2313 | Valid values include: | |
2314 | ||
2315 | @table @code | |
2316 | @item nil | |
2317 | Generate the buffer name in the Message way (e.g., *mail*, *news*, *mail | |
2318 | to whom*, *news on group*, etc.) and continue editing in the existing | |
2319 | buffer of that name. If there is no such buffer, it will be newly | |
2320 | created. | |
2321 | ||
2322 | @item unique | |
2323 | @item t | |
a5057546 | 2324 | Create the new buffer with the name generated in the Message way. |
4009494e GM |
2325 | |
2326 | @item unsent | |
2327 | Similar to @code{unique} but the buffer name begins with "*unsent ". | |
2328 | ||
2329 | @item standard | |
2330 | Similar to @code{nil} but the buffer name is simpler like *mail | |
2331 | message*. | |
2332 | @end table | |
2333 | @table @var | |
2334 | @item function | |
2335 | If this is a function, call that function with three parameters: The | |
2336 | type, the To address and the group name (any of these may be | |
2337 | @code{nil}). The function should return the new buffer name. | |
2338 | @end table | |
2339 | ||
a5057546 | 2340 | The default value is @code{unsent}. |
4009494e GM |
2341 | |
2342 | @item message-max-buffers | |
2343 | @vindex message-max-buffers | |
2344 | This variable says how many old message buffers to keep. If there are | |
2345 | more message buffers than this, the oldest buffer will be killed. The | |
2346 | default is 10. If this variable is @code{nil}, no old message buffers | |
2347 | will ever be killed. | |
2348 | ||
2349 | @item message-send-rename-function | |
2350 | @vindex message-send-rename-function | |
2351 | After sending a message, the buffer is renamed from, for instance, | |
2352 | @samp{*reply to Lars*} to @samp{*sent reply to Lars*}. If you don't | |
2353 | like this, set this variable to a function that renames the buffer in a | |
2354 | manner you like. If you don't want to rename the buffer at all, you can | |
2355 | say: | |
2356 | ||
2357 | @lisp | |
2358 | (setq message-send-rename-function 'ignore) | |
2359 | @end lisp | |
2360 | ||
2361 | @item message-kill-buffer-on-exit | |
2362 | @findex message-kill-buffer-on-exit | |
2363 | If non-@code{nil}, kill the buffer immediately on exit. | |
2364 | ||
2365 | @end table | |
2366 | ||
2367 | ||
2368 | @node Message Actions | |
2369 | @section Message Actions | |
2370 | ||
2371 | When Message is being used from a news/mail reader, the reader is likely | |
2372 | to want to perform some task after the message has been sent. Perhaps | |
2373 | return to the previous window configuration or mark an article as | |
2374 | replied. | |
2375 | ||
2376 | @vindex message-kill-actions | |
2377 | @vindex message-postpone-actions | |
2378 | @vindex message-exit-actions | |
2379 | @vindex message-send-actions | |
2380 | The user may exit from the message buffer in various ways. The most | |
2381 | common is @kbd{C-c C-c}, which sends the message and exits. Other | |
2382 | possibilities are @kbd{C-c C-s} which just sends the message, @kbd{C-c | |
2383 | C-d} which postpones the message editing and buries the message buffer, | |
2384 | and @kbd{C-c C-k} which kills the message buffer. Each of these actions | |
2385 | have lists associated with them that contains actions to be executed: | |
2386 | @code{message-send-actions}, @code{message-exit-actions}, | |
2387 | @code{message-postpone-actions}, and @code{message-kill-actions}. | |
2388 | ||
2389 | Message provides a function to interface with these lists: | |
2390 | @code{message-add-action}. The first parameter is the action to be | |
2391 | added, and the rest of the arguments are which lists to add this action | |
2392 | to. Here's an example from Gnus: | |
2393 | ||
2394 | @lisp | |
2395 | (message-add-action | |
2396 | `(set-window-configuration ,(current-window-configuration)) | |
2397 | 'exit 'postpone 'kill) | |
2398 | @end lisp | |
2399 | ||
2400 | This restores the Gnus window configuration when the message buffer is | |
2401 | killed, postponed or exited. | |
2402 | ||
2403 | An @dfn{action} can be either: a normal function, or a list where the | |
2404 | @sc{car} is a function and the @sc{cdr} is the list of arguments, or | |
2405 | a form to be @code{eval}ed. | |
2406 | ||
2407 | ||
2408 | @node Compatibility | |
2409 | @chapter Compatibility | |
2410 | @cindex compatibility | |
2411 | ||
2412 | Message uses virtually only its own variables---older @code{mail-} | |
2413 | variables aren't consulted. To force Message to take those variables | |
2414 | into account, you can put the following in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
2415 | ||
2416 | @lisp | |
2417 | (require 'messcompat) | |
2418 | @end lisp | |
2419 | ||
2420 | This will initialize many Message variables from the values in the | |
2421 | corresponding mail variables. | |
2422 | ||
2423 | ||
2424 | @node Appendices | |
2425 | @chapter Appendices | |
2426 | ||
2427 | @menu | |
2428 | * Responses:: Standard rules for determining where responses go. | |
2429 | @end menu | |
2430 | ||
2431 | ||
2432 | @node Responses | |
2433 | @section Responses | |
2434 | ||
2435 | To determine where a message is to go, the following algorithm is used | |
2436 | by default. | |
2437 | ||
2438 | @table @dfn | |
2439 | @item reply | |
2440 | A @dfn{reply} is when you want to respond @emph{just} to the person who | |
2441 | sent the message via mail. There will only be one recipient. To | |
2442 | determine who the recipient will be, the following headers are | |
2443 | consulted, in turn: | |
2444 | ||
2445 | @table @code | |
2446 | @item Reply-To | |
2447 | ||
2448 | @item From | |
2449 | @end table | |
2450 | ||
2451 | ||
2452 | @item wide reply | |
2453 | A @dfn{wide reply} is a mail response that includes @emph{all} entities | |
da0bbbc4 | 2454 | mentioned in the message you are responding to. All mailboxes from the |
4009494e GM |
2455 | following headers will be concatenated to form the outgoing |
2456 | @code{To}/@code{Cc} headers: | |
2457 | ||
2458 | @table @code | |
2459 | @item From | |
2460 | (unless there's a @code{Reply-To}, in which case that is used instead). | |
2461 | ||
2462 | @item Cc | |
2463 | ||
2464 | @item To | |
2465 | @end table | |
2466 | ||
2467 | If a @code{Mail-Copies-To} header is present, it will also be included | |
2468 | in the list of mailboxes. If this header is @samp{never}, that means | |
2469 | that the @code{From} (or @code{Reply-To}) mailbox will be suppressed. | |
2470 | ||
2471 | ||
2472 | @item followup | |
2473 | A @dfn{followup} is a response sent via news. The following headers | |
2474 | (listed in order of precedence) determine where the response is to be | |
2475 | sent: | |
2476 | ||
2477 | @table @code | |
2478 | ||
2479 | @item Followup-To | |
2480 | ||
2481 | @item Newsgroups | |
2482 | ||
2483 | @end table | |
2484 | ||
2485 | If a @code{Mail-Copies-To} header is present, it will be used as the | |
2486 | basis of the new @code{Cc} header, except if this header is | |
2487 | @samp{never}. | |
2488 | ||
2489 | @end table | |
2490 | ||
2491 | ||
2492 | @node GNU Free Documentation License | |
2493 | @chapter GNU Free Documentation License | |
2494 | @include doclicense.texi | |
2495 | ||
2496 | @node Index | |
2497 | @chapter Index | |
2498 | @printindex cp | |
2499 | ||
2500 | @node Key Index | |
2501 | @chapter Key Index | |
2502 | @printindex ky | |
2503 | ||
4009494e GM |
2504 | @bye |
2505 | ||
2506 | @c End: |