Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
7eae0a38 EZ |
1 | .\" Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
2 | .\" | |
3 | .\" This file is part of GNU Emacs. | |
4 | .\" | |
5 | .\" GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
6 | .\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
7 | .\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) | |
8 | .\" any later version. | |
9 | .\" | |
10 | .\" GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
11 | .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
12 | .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
13 | .\" GNU General Public License for more details. | |
14 | .\" | |
15 | .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
16 | .\" along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the | |
17 | .\" Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, | |
18 | .\" Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. | |
19 | .\" | |
20 | .TH GFDL 1 "2001 April 23" | |
21 | .UC 4 | |
22 | .SH NAME | |
23 | GFDL \- The GNU Free Documentation License | |
24 | ||
25 | .ce | |
26 | Version 1.1, March 2000 | |
27 | ||
28 | .hy 0 | |
29 | .na | |
30 | Copyright | |
31 | .if t \(co | |
32 | .if n (c) | |
33 | 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
34 | 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA | |
35 | ||
36 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies | |
37 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. | |
38 | .hy 1 | |
39 | .ad | |
40 | ||
41 | .br | |
42 | .SH 0. PREAMBLE | |
43 | ||
44 | The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other | |
45 | written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone | |
46 | the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without | |
47 | modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, | |
48 | this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get | |
49 | credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for | |
50 | modifications made by others. | |
51 | ||
52 | This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative | |
53 | works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It | |
54 | complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft | |
55 | license designed for free software. | |
56 | ||
57 | We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free | |
58 | software, because free software needs free documentation: a free | |
59 | program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the | |
60 | software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; | |
61 | it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or | |
62 | whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License | |
63 | principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. | |
64 | ||
65 | .SH 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS | |
66 | ||
67 | This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a | |
68 | notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed | |
69 | under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any | |
70 | such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is | |
71 | addressed as "you." | |
72 | ||
73 | A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the | |
74 | Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with | |
75 | modifications and/or translated into another language. | |
76 | ||
77 | A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of | |
78 | the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the | |
79 | publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject | |
80 | (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly | |
81 | within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a | |
82 | textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any | |
83 | mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical | |
84 | connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, | |
85 | commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding | |
86 | them. | |
87 | ||
88 | The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles | |
89 | are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice | |
90 | that says that the Document is released under this License. | |
91 | ||
92 | The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, | |
93 | as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that | |
94 | the Document is released under this License. | |
95 | ||
96 | A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, | |
97 | represented in a format whose specification is available to the | |
98 | general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and | |
99 | straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of | |
100 | pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available | |
101 | drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or | |
102 | for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input | |
103 | to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file | |
104 | format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage | |
105 | subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is | |
106 | not "Transparent" is called "Opaque." | |
107 | ||
108 | Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain | |
109 | ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML | |
110 | or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple | |
111 | HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include | |
112 | PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only | |
113 | by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or | |
114 | processing tools are not generally available, and the | |
115 | machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output | |
116 | purposes only. | |
117 | ||
118 | The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, | |
119 | plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material | |
120 | this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in | |
121 | formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means | |
122 | the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, | |
123 | preceding the beginning of the body of the text. | |
124 | ||
125 | .SH 2. VERBATIM COPYING | |
126 | ||
127 | You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either | |
128 | commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the | |
129 | copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies | |
130 | to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other | |
131 | conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use | |
132 | technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further | |
133 | copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept | |
134 | compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough | |
135 | number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. | |
136 | ||
137 | You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and | |
138 | you may publicly display copies. | |
139 | ||
140 | .SH 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY | |
141 | ||
142 | If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100, | |
143 | and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose | |
144 | the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover | |
145 | Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on | |
146 | the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify | |
147 | you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present | |
148 | the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and | |
149 | visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. | |
150 | Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve | |
151 | the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated | |
152 | as verbatim copying in other respects. | |
153 | ||
154 | If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit | |
155 | legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit | |
156 | reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent | |
157 | pages. | |
158 | ||
159 | If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering | |
160 | more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent | |
161 | copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy | |
162 | a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete | |
163 | Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the | |
164 | general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no | |
165 | charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter | |
166 | option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin | |
167 | distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this | |
168 | Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location | |
169 | until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque | |
170 | copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to | |
171 | the public. | |
172 | ||
173 | It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the | |
174 | Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give | |
175 | them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. | |
176 | ||
177 | .SH 4. MODIFICATIONS | |
178 | ||
179 | You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under | |
180 | the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release | |
181 | the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified | |
182 | Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution | |
183 | and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy | |
184 | of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: | |
185 | .TP | |
186 | A. | |
187 | Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct | |
188 | from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions | |
189 | (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section | |
190 | of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version | |
191 | if the original publisher of that version gives permission. | |
192 | .TP | |
193 | B. | |
194 | List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities | |
195 | responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified | |
196 | Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the | |
197 | Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five). | |
198 | .TP | |
199 | C. | |
200 | State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the | |
201 | Modified Version, as the publisher. | |
202 | .TP | |
203 | D. | |
204 | Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. | |
205 | .TP | |
206 | E. | |
207 | Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications | |
208 | adjacent to the other copyright notices. | |
209 | .TP | |
210 | F. | |
211 | Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice | |
212 | giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the | |
213 | terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. | |
214 | .TP | |
215 | G. | |
216 | Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections | |
217 | and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. | |
218 | .TP | |
219 | H. | |
220 | Include an unaltered copy of this License. | |
221 | .TP | |
222 | I. | |
223 | Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to | |
224 | it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and | |
225 | publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If | |
226 | there is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one | |
227 | stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as | |
228 | given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified | |
229 | Version as stated in the previous sentence. | |
230 | .TP | |
231 | J. | |
232 | Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for | |
233 | public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise | |
234 | the network locations given in the Document for previous versions | |
235 | it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. | |
236 | You may omit a network location for a work that was published at | |
237 | least four years before the Document itself, or if the original | |
238 | publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. | |
239 | .TP | |
240 | K. | |
241 | In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", | |
242 | preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the | |
243 | substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements | |
244 | and/or dedications given therein. | |
245 | .TP | |
246 | L. | |
247 | Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, | |
248 | unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers | |
249 | or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. | |
250 | .TP | |
251 | M. | |
252 | Delete any section entitled "Endorsements." Such a section | |
253 | may not be included in the Modified Version. | |
254 | .TP | |
255 | N. | |
256 | Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" | |
257 | or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. | |
258 | .PP | |
259 | If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or | |
260 | appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material | |
261 | copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all | |
262 | of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the | |
263 | list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. | |
264 | These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. | |
265 | ||
266 | You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains | |
267 | nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various | |
268 | parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has | |
269 | been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a | |
270 | standard. | |
271 | ||
272 | You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a | |
273 | passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list | |
274 | of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of | |
275 | Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or | |
276 | through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already | |
277 | includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or | |
278 | by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, | |
279 | you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit | |
280 | permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. | |
281 | ||
282 | The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License | |
283 | give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or | |
284 | imply endorsement of any Modified Version. | |
285 | ||
286 | .SH 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS | |
287 | ||
288 | You may combine the Document with other documents released under this | |
289 | License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified | |
290 | versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the | |
291 | Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and | |
292 | list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its | |
293 | license notice. | |
294 | ||
295 | The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and | |
296 | multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single | |
297 | copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but | |
298 | different contents, make the title of each such section unique by | |
299 | adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original | |
300 | author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. | |
301 | Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of | |
302 | Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. | |
303 | ||
304 | In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History" | |
305 | in the various original documents, forming one section entitled | |
306 | "History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements", | |
307 | and any sections entitled "Dedications." You must delete all sections | |
308 | entitled "Endorsements." | |
309 | ||
310 | .SH 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS | |
311 | ||
312 | You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents | |
313 | released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this | |
314 | License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in | |
315 | the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for | |
316 | verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. | |
317 | ||
318 | You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute | |
319 | it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this | |
320 | License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all | |
321 | other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. | |
322 | ||
323 | .SH 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS | |
324 | ||
325 | A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate | |
326 | and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or | |
327 | distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version | |
328 | of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the | |
329 | compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this | |
330 | License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled | |
331 | with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they | |
332 | are not themselves derivative works of the Document. | |
333 | ||
334 | If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these | |
335 | copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter | |
336 | of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on | |
337 | covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate. | |
338 | Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate. | |
339 | ||
340 | .SH 8. TRANSLATION | |
341 | ||
342 | Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may | |
343 | distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. | |
344 | Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special | |
345 | permission from their copyright holders, but you may include | |
346 | translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the | |
347 | original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a | |
348 | translation of this License provided that you also include the | |
349 | original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement | |
350 | between the translation and the original English version of this | |
351 | License, the original English version will prevail. | |
352 | ||
353 | .SH 9. TERMINATION | |
354 | ||
355 | You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except | |
356 | as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to | |
357 | copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will | |
358 | automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, | |
359 | parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this | |
360 | License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such | |
361 | parties remain in full compliance. | |
362 | ||
363 | .SH 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE | |
364 | ||
365 | The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions | |
366 | of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new | |
367 | versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may | |
368 | differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See | |
369 | \fBhttp://www.gnu.org/copyleft/\fP. | |
370 | ||
371 | Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. | |
372 | If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this | |
373 | License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of | |
374 | following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or | |
375 | of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the | |
376 | Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version | |
377 | number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not | |
378 | as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. | |
379 | ||
380 | ||
381 | .SH ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents | |
382 | ||
383 | To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of | |
384 | the License in the document and put the following copyright and | |
385 | license notices just after the title page: | |
386 | ||
387 | .hy 0 | |
388 | .na | |
389 | Copyright | |
390 | .if t \(co | |
391 | .if n (c) | |
392 | [\fIyear\fP] [\fIyour name\fP]. | |
393 | Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document | |
394 | under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 | |
395 | or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; | |
396 | with the Invariant Sections being [\fIlist their titles\fP], with the | |
397 | Front-Cover Texts being [\fIlist\fP], and with the Back-Cover Texts | |
398 | being [\fIlist\fP]. | |
399 | A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU | |
400 | Free Documentation License." | |
401 | .ad | |
402 | .hy 1 | |
403 | ||
404 | If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections" | |
405 | instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no | |
406 | Front-Cover Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of | |
407 | "Front-Cover Texts being [\fIlist\fP]"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts. | |
408 | ||
409 | If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we | |
410 | recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of | |
411 | free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, | |
412 | to permit their use in free software. |