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6bf7aab6 | 1 | @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
b65d8176 | 2 | @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2000, |
8d99e09d | 3 | @c 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
4 | @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
5 | @node Frames, International, Windows, Top | |
9c75b187 | 6 | @chapter Frames and Graphical Displays |
6bf7aab6 DL |
7 | @cindex frames |
8 | ||
9c75b187 RS |
9 | When using a graphical display, you can create multiple windows at |
10 | the system in a single Emacs session. Each system-level window that | |
11 | belongs to Emacs displays a @dfn{frame} which can contain one or | |
12 | several Emacs windows. A frame initially contains a single | |
13 | general-purpose Emacs window which you can subdivide vertically or | |
14 | horizontally into smaller windows. A frame normally contains its own | |
15 | echo area and minibuffer, but you can make frames that don't have | |
16 | these---they use the echo area and minibuffer of another frame. | |
6bf7aab6 | 17 | |
9c75b187 RS |
18 | To avoid confusion, we reserve the word ``window'' for the |
19 | subdivisions that Emacs implements, and never use it to refer to a | |
20 | frame. | |
21 | ||
22 | Editing you do in one frame affects the other frames. For | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
23 | instance, if you put text in the kill ring in one frame, you can yank it |
24 | in another frame. If you exit Emacs through @kbd{C-x C-c} in one frame, | |
25 | it terminates all the frames. To delete just one frame, use @kbd{C-x 5 | |
85d6c6e7 | 26 | 0} (that is zero, not @kbd{o}). |
6bf7aab6 | 27 | |
9c75b187 | 28 | Emacs compiled for MS-DOS emulates some windowing functionality, |
6bf7aab6 | 29 | so that you can use many of the features described in this chapter. |
e691d082 | 30 | @xref{MS-DOS Mouse,,,emacs-xtra,Specialized Emacs Features}. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
31 | |
32 | @menu | |
33 | * Mouse Commands:: Moving, cutting, and pasting, with the mouse. | |
34 | * Secondary Selection:: Cutting without altering point and mark. | |
d235b2db | 35 | * Clipboard:: Using the clipboard for selections. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
36 | * Mouse References:: Using the mouse to select an item from a list. |
37 | * Menu Mouse Clicks:: Mouse clicks that bring up menus. | |
38 | * Mode Line Mouse:: Mouse clicks on the mode line. | |
6bf7aab6 | 39 | * Creating Frames:: Creating additional Emacs frames with various contents. |
099bfef9 RS |
40 | * Frame Commands:: Iconifying, deleting, and switching frames. |
41 | * Speedbar:: How to make and use a speedbar frame. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
42 | * Multiple Displays:: How one Emacs job can talk to several displays. |
43 | * Special Buffer Frames:: You can make certain buffers have their own frames. | |
44 | * Frame Parameters:: Changing the colors and other modes of frames. | |
45 | * Scroll Bars:: How to enable and disable scroll bars; how to use them. | |
70c88b57 | 46 | * Wheeled Mice:: Using mouse wheels for scrolling. |
cc9355ea | 47 | * Drag and Drop:: Using drag and drop to open files and insert text. |
6bf7aab6 | 48 | * Menu Bars:: Enabling and disabling the menu bar. |
2beab0db | 49 | * Tool Bars:: Enabling and disabling the tool bar. |
70c88b57 | 50 | * Dialog Boxes:: Controlling use of dialog boxes. |
6f58eede | 51 | * Tooltips:: Displaying information at the current mouse position. |
43391ff3 | 52 | * Mouse Avoidance:: Moving the mouse pointer out of the way. |
6bf7aab6 | 53 | * Non-Window Terminals:: Multiple frames on terminals that show only one. |
70c88b57 | 54 | * XTerm Mouse:: Using the mouse in an XTerm terminal emulator. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
55 | @end menu |
56 | ||
57 | @node Mouse Commands | |
58 | @section Mouse Commands for Editing | |
59 | @cindex mouse buttons (what they do) | |
60 | ||
61 | The mouse commands for selecting and copying a region are mostly | |
62 | compatible with the @code{xterm} program. You can use the same mouse | |
511002e9 RS |
63 | commands for copying between Emacs and other window-based programs. |
64 | Most of these commands also work in Emacs when you run it under an | |
65 | @code{xterm} terminal. | |
6bf7aab6 | 66 | |
0e824f4f | 67 | @kindex DELETE @r{(and mouse selection)} |
6bf7aab6 DL |
68 | If you select a region with any of these mouse commands, and then |
69 | immediately afterward type the @key{DELETE} function key, it deletes the | |
70 | region that you selected. The @key{BACKSPACE} function key and the | |
76dd3692 | 71 | @acronym{ASCII} character @key{DEL} do not do this; if you type any other key |
6bf7aab6 DL |
72 | in between the mouse command and @key{DELETE}, it does not do this. |
73 | ||
74 | @findex mouse-set-region | |
75 | @findex mouse-set-point | |
76 | @findex mouse-yank-at-click | |
77 | @findex mouse-save-then-click | |
78 | @kindex Mouse-1 | |
79 | @kindex Mouse-2 | |
80 | @kindex Mouse-3 | |
81 | @table @kbd | |
82 | @item Mouse-1 | |
83 | Move point to where you click (@code{mouse-set-point}). | |
84 | This is normally the left button. | |
85 | ||
360b756f RS |
86 | @vindex x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position |
87 | Normally, Emacs does not distinguish between ordinary mouse clicks and | |
88 | clicks that select a frame. When you click on a frame to select it, | |
89 | that also changes the selected window and cursor position according to | |
90 | the mouse click position. On the X window system, you can change this | |
91 | behavior by setting the variable | |
92 | @code{x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position} to @code{t}. Then the | |
93 | first click selects the frame, but does not affect the selected window | |
94 | or cursor position. If you click again in the same place, since that | |
95 | click will be in the selected frame, it will change the window or | |
96 | cursor position. | |
97 | ||
6bf7aab6 DL |
98 | @item Drag-Mouse-1 |
99 | Set the region to the text you select by dragging, and copy it to the | |
100 | kill ring (@code{mouse-set-region}). You can specify both ends of the | |
101 | region with this single command. | |
102 | ||
103 | @vindex mouse-scroll-min-lines | |
104 | If you move the mouse off the top or bottom of the window while | |
105 | dragging, the window scrolls at a steady rate until you move the mouse | |
106 | back into the window. This way, you can select regions that don't fit | |
107 | entirely on the screen. The number of lines scrolled per step depends | |
108 | on how far away from the window edge the mouse has gone; the variable | |
109 | @code{mouse-scroll-min-lines} specifies a minimum step size. | |
110 | ||
360b756f RS |
111 | @vindex mouse-drag-copy-region |
112 | If the variable @code{mouse-drag-copy-region} is @code{nil}, this | |
113 | mouse command does not copy the selected region into the kill ring. | |
114 | ||
6bf7aab6 DL |
115 | @item Mouse-2 |
116 | Yank the last killed text, where you click (@code{mouse-yank-at-click}). | |
117 | This is normally the middle button. | |
118 | ||
119 | @item Mouse-3 | |
120 | This command, @code{mouse-save-then-kill}, has several functions | |
121 | depending on where you click and the status of the region. | |
122 | ||
123 | The most basic case is when you click @kbd{Mouse-1} in one place and | |
124 | then @kbd{Mouse-3} in another. This selects the text between those two | |
125 | positions as the region. It also copies the new region to the kill | |
126 | ring, so that you can copy it to someplace else. | |
127 | ||
128 | If you click @kbd{Mouse-1} in the text, scroll with the scroll bar, and | |
129 | then click @kbd{Mouse-3}, it remembers where point was before scrolling | |
130 | (where you put it with @kbd{Mouse-1}), and uses that position as the | |
131 | other end of the region. This is so that you can select a region that | |
132 | doesn't fit entirely on the screen. | |
133 | ||
134 | More generally, if you do not have a highlighted region, @kbd{Mouse-3} | |
135 | selects the text between point and the click position as the region. It | |
136 | does this by setting the mark where point was, and moving point to where | |
137 | you click. | |
138 | ||
139 | If you have a highlighted region, or if the region was set just before | |
140 | by dragging button 1, @kbd{Mouse-3} adjusts the nearer end of the region | |
141 | by moving it to where you click. The adjusted region's text also | |
142 | replaces the old region's text in the kill ring. | |
143 | ||
144 | If you originally specified the region using a double or triple | |
145 | @kbd{Mouse-1}, so that the region is defined to consist of entire words | |
146 | or lines, then adjusting the region with @kbd{Mouse-3} also proceeds by | |
147 | entire words or lines. | |
148 | ||
149 | If you use @kbd{Mouse-3} a second time consecutively, at the same place, | |
150 | that kills the region already selected. | |
151 | ||
152 | @item Double-Mouse-1 | |
153 | This key sets the region around the word which you click on. If you | |
154 | click on a character with ``symbol'' syntax (such as underscore, in C | |
155 | mode), it sets the region around the symbol surrounding that character. | |
156 | ||
157 | If you click on a character with open-parenthesis or close-parenthesis | |
57d28ead | 158 | syntax, it sets the region around the parenthetical grouping |
6bf7aab6 DL |
159 | which that character starts or ends. If you click on a character with |
160 | string-delimiter syntax (such as a singlequote or doublequote in C), it | |
161 | sets the region around the string constant (using heuristics to figure | |
162 | out whether that character is the beginning or the end of it). | |
163 | ||
164 | @item Double-Drag-Mouse-1 | |
165 | This key selects a region made up of the words you drag across. | |
166 | ||
167 | @item Triple-Mouse-1 | |
168 | This key sets the region around the line you click on. | |
169 | ||
170 | @item Triple-Drag-Mouse-1 | |
171 | This key selects a region made up of the lines you drag across. | |
172 | @end table | |
173 | ||
174 | The simplest way to kill text with the mouse is to press @kbd{Mouse-1} | |
175 | at one end, then press @kbd{Mouse-3} twice at the other end. | |
176 | @xref{Killing}. To copy the text into the kill ring without deleting it | |
177 | from the buffer, press @kbd{Mouse-3} just once---or just drag across the | |
178 | text with @kbd{Mouse-1}. Then you can copy it elsewhere by yanking it. | |
179 | ||
180 | @vindex mouse-yank-at-point | |
181 | To yank the killed or copied text somewhere else, move the mouse there | |
182 | and press @kbd{Mouse-2}. @xref{Yanking}. However, if | |
183 | @code{mouse-yank-at-point} is non-@code{nil}, @kbd{Mouse-2} yanks at | |
184 | point. Then it does not matter where you click, or even which of the | |
185 | frame's windows you click on. The default value is @code{nil}. This | |
186 | variable also affects yanking the secondary selection. | |
187 | ||
9c75b187 RS |
188 | @cindex cutting |
189 | @cindex pasting | |
6bf7aab6 | 190 | @cindex X cutting and pasting |
9c75b187 RS |
191 | To copy text to another windowing application, kill it or save it in |
192 | the kill ring. Then use the ``paste'' or ``yank'' command of the | |
193 | other application to insert the text. | |
6bf7aab6 | 194 | |
9c75b187 RS |
195 | To copy text from another windowing application, use its ``cut'' or |
196 | ``copy'' command to select the text you want. Then yank it in Emacs | |
197 | with @kbd{C-y} or @kbd{Mouse-2}. | |
6bf7aab6 | 198 | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
199 | @cindex primary selection |
200 | @cindex cut buffer | |
201 | @cindex selection, primary | |
202 | @vindex x-cut-buffer-max | |
9c75b187 RS |
203 | When Emacs puts text into the kill ring, or rotates text to the |
204 | front of the kill ring, it sets the @dfn{primary selection} in the | |
205 | window system. This is how other windowing applications can access | |
206 | the text. On the X Window System, emacs also stores the text in the | |
207 | cut buffer, but only if the text is short enough (the value of | |
208 | @code{x-cut-buffer-max} specifies the maximum number of characters); | |
209 | putting long strings in the cut buffer can be slow. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
210 | |
211 | The commands to yank the first entry in the kill ring actually check | |
212 | first for a primary selection in another program; after that, they check | |
213 | for text in the cut buffer. If neither of those sources provides text | |
214 | to yank, the kill ring contents are used. | |
215 | ||
9c75b187 RS |
216 | The standard coding system for X Window System selections is |
217 | @code{compound-text-with-extensions}. To specify another coding | |
218 | system for selections, use @kbd{C-x @key{RET} x} or @kbd{C-x @key{RET} | |
219 | X}. @xref{Communication Coding}. | |
220 | ||
6bf7aab6 DL |
221 | @node Secondary Selection |
222 | @section Secondary Selection | |
223 | @cindex secondary selection | |
224 | ||
225 | The @dfn{secondary selection} is another way of selecting text using | |
9c75b187 RS |
226 | the X Window System. It does not use point or the mark, so you can |
227 | use it to kill text without setting point or the mark. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
228 | |
229 | @table @kbd | |
230 | @findex mouse-set-secondary | |
231 | @kindex M-Drag-Mouse-1 | |
232 | @item M-Drag-Mouse-1 | |
233 | Set the secondary selection, with one end at the place where you press | |
234 | down the button, and the other end at the place where you release it | |
235 | (@code{mouse-set-secondary}). The highlighting appears and changes as | |
85d6c6e7 RS |
236 | you drag. You can control the appearance of the highlighting by |
237 | customizing the @code{secondary-selection} face (@pxref{Face | |
238 | Customization}). | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
239 | |
240 | If you move the mouse off the top or bottom of the window while | |
241 | dragging, the window scrolls at a steady rate until you move the mouse | |
242 | back into the window. This way, you can mark regions that don't fit | |
243 | entirely on the screen. | |
244 | ||
779bc800 LT |
245 | This way of setting the secondary selection does not alter the kill ring. |
246 | ||
6bf7aab6 DL |
247 | @findex mouse-start-secondary |
248 | @kindex M-Mouse-1 | |
249 | @item M-Mouse-1 | |
250 | Set one endpoint for the @dfn{secondary selection} | |
251 | (@code{mouse-start-secondary}). | |
252 | ||
253 | @findex mouse-secondary-save-then-kill | |
254 | @kindex M-Mouse-3 | |
255 | @item M-Mouse-3 | |
256 | Make a secondary selection, using the place specified with @kbd{M-Mouse-1} | |
779bc800 LT |
257 | as the other end (@code{mouse-secondary-save-then-kill}). This also |
258 | puts the selected text in the kill ring. A second click at the same | |
259 | place kills the secondary selection just made. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
260 | |
261 | @findex mouse-yank-secondary | |
262 | @kindex M-Mouse-2 | |
263 | @item M-Mouse-2 | |
264 | Insert the secondary selection where you click | |
265 | (@code{mouse-yank-secondary}). This places point at the end of the | |
266 | yanked text. | |
267 | @end table | |
268 | ||
269 | Double or triple clicking of @kbd{M-Mouse-1} operates on words and | |
270 | lines, much like @kbd{Mouse-1}. | |
271 | ||
272 | If @code{mouse-yank-at-point} is non-@code{nil}, @kbd{M-Mouse-2} | |
273 | yanks at point. Then it does not matter precisely where you click; all | |
274 | that matters is which window you click on. @xref{Mouse Commands}. | |
275 | ||
d235b2db DL |
276 | @node Clipboard |
277 | @section Using the Clipboard | |
d235b2db DL |
278 | @cindex clipboard |
279 | @vindex x-select-enable-clipboard | |
280 | @findex menu-bar-enable-clipboard | |
281 | @cindex OpenWindows | |
282 | @cindex Gnome | |
283 | ||
9c75b187 RS |
284 | Apart from the primary and secondary selection types, Emacs can |
285 | handle the @dfn{clipboard} selection type which is used by some | |
286 | applications, particularly under OpenWindows and Gnome. | |
d235b2db | 287 | |
099bfef9 | 288 | The command @kbd{M-x menu-bar-enable-clipboard} makes the @code{Cut}, |
d235b2db DL |
289 | @code{Paste} and @code{Copy} menu items, as well as the keys of the same |
290 | names, all use the clipboard. | |
177c0ea7 | 291 | |
19b2c4ca | 292 | You can customize the variable @code{x-select-enable-clipboard} to make |
d235b2db DL |
293 | the Emacs yank functions consult the clipboard before the primary |
294 | selection, and to make the kill functions to store in the clipboard as | |
295 | well as the primary selection. Otherwise they do not access the | |
99ce07a6 | 296 | clipboard at all. Using the clipboard is the default on MS-Windows and Mac, |
9c75b187 | 297 | but not on other systems. |
d235b2db | 298 | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
299 | @node Mouse References |
300 | @section Following References with the Mouse | |
511002e9 | 301 | @kindex Mouse-1 @r{(selection)} |
6bf7aab6 DL |
302 | @kindex Mouse-2 @r{(selection)} |
303 | ||
511002e9 RS |
304 | Some read-only Emacs buffers include references you can follow, or |
305 | commands you can activate. These include names of files, of buffers, | |
306 | of possible completions, of matches for a pattern, as well as the | |
307 | buttons in Help buffers and customization buffers. You can follow the | |
308 | reference or activate the command by moving point to it and typing | |
309 | @key{RET}. You can also do this with the mouse, using either | |
310 | @kbd{Mouse-1} or @kbd{Mouse-2}. | |
311 | ||
312 | Since yanking text into a read-only buffer is not allowed, these | |
313 | buffers generally define @kbd{Mouse-2} to follow a reference or | |
314 | activate a command. For example, if you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on a file | |
315 | name in a Dired buffer, you visit that file. If you click | |
316 | @kbd{Mouse-2} on an error message in the @samp{*Compilation*} buffer, | |
317 | you go to the source code for that error message. If you click | |
318 | @kbd{Mouse-2} on a completion in the @samp{*Completions*} buffer, you | |
319 | choose that completion. | |
320 | ||
511002e9 RS |
321 | However, most applications use @kbd{Mouse-1} to do this sort of |
322 | thing, so Emacs implements this too. If you click @kbd{Mouse-1} | |
323 | quickly on a reference or button, it follows or activates. If you | |
324 | click slowly, it moves point as usual. Dragging, meaning moving the | |
325 | mouse while it is held down, also has its usual behavior of setting | |
ab95e99c | 326 | the region. |
6bf7aab6 | 327 | |
ab95e99c | 328 | @vindex mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows |
7f87b2b0 KS |
329 | Normally, the @kbd{Mouse-1} click behavior is performed on links in |
330 | any window. The variable @code{mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows} | |
331 | controls whether @kbd{Mouse-1} has this behavior even in non-selected | |
332 | windows, or only in the selected window. | |
333 | ||
922bc663 | 334 | @vindex mouse-highlight |
511002e9 RS |
335 | You can usually tell when @kbd{Mouse-1} and @kbd{Mouse-2} have this |
336 | special sort of meaning because the sensitive text highlights when you | |
337 | move the mouse over it. The variable @code{mouse-highlight} controls | |
338 | whether to do this highlighting always (even when such text appears | |
339 | where the mouse already is), never, or only immediately after you move | |
340 | the mouse. | |
6bf7aab6 | 341 | |
ab95e99c LT |
342 | @vindex mouse-1-click-follows-link |
343 | In Emacs versions before 22, only @kbd{Mouse-2} follows links and | |
9c75b187 RS |
344 | @kbd{Mouse-1} always sets point. If you prefer this older behavior, |
345 | set the variable @code{mouse-1-click-follows-link} to @code{nil}. | |
346 | This variable also lets you choose various other alternatives for | |
347 | following links with the mouse. Type @kbd{C-h v | |
348 | mouse-1-click-follows-link @key{RET}} for more details. | |
ab95e99c | 349 | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
350 | @node Menu Mouse Clicks |
351 | @section Mouse Clicks for Menus | |
352 | ||
9c75b187 | 353 | Several mouse clicks with the @key{CTRL} and @key{SHIFT} modifiers |
6bf7aab6 DL |
354 | bring up menus. |
355 | ||
6bf7aab6 DL |
356 | @table @kbd |
357 | @item C-Mouse-1 | |
239e21e2 | 358 | @kindex C-Mouse-1 |
6bf7aab6 DL |
359 | This menu is for selecting a buffer. |
360 | ||
cb02ee3e RS |
361 | The MSB (``mouse select buffer'') global minor mode makes this |
362 | menu smarter and more customizable. @xref{Buffer Menus}. | |
239e21e2 | 363 | |
6bf7aab6 | 364 | @item C-Mouse-2 |
239e21e2 | 365 | @kindex C-Mouse-2 |
6bf7aab6 DL |
366 | This menu is for specifying faces and other text properties |
367 | for editing formatted text. @xref{Formatted Text}. | |
368 | ||
369 | @item C-Mouse-3 | |
239e21e2 | 370 | @kindex C-Mouse-3 |
511002e9 RS |
371 | This menu is mode-specific. For most modes if Menu-bar mode is on, |
372 | this menu has the same items as all the mode-specific menu-bar menus | |
373 | put together. Some modes may specify a different menu for this | |
239e21e2 DL |
374 | button.@footnote{Some systems use @kbd{Mouse-3} for a mode-specific |
375 | menu. We took a survey of users, and found they preferred to keep | |
511002e9 RS |
376 | @kbd{Mouse-3} for selecting and killing regions. Hence the decision |
377 | to use @kbd{C-Mouse-3} for this menu. To use @kbd{Mouse-3} instead, | |
378 | do @code{(global-set-key [mouse-3] 'mouse-popup-menubar-stuff)}.} If | |
379 | Menu-bar mode is off, this menu contains all the items which would be | |
380 | present in the menu bar---not just the mode-specific ones---so that | |
381 | you can access them without having to display the menu bar. | |
6bf7aab6 | 382 | |
099bfef9 | 383 | @item S-Mouse-1 |
9c75b187 | 384 | This menu is for specifying the frame's default font. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
385 | @end table |
386 | ||
387 | @node Mode Line Mouse | |
388 | @section Mode Line Mouse Commands | |
239e21e2 DL |
389 | @cindex mode line, mouse |
390 | @cindex mouse on mode line | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
391 | |
392 | You can use mouse clicks on window mode lines to select and manipulate | |
393 | windows. | |
394 | ||
07039174 EZ |
395 | Some areas of the mode line, such as the buffer name and the major |
396 | mode name, have their own special mouse bindings. These areas are | |
397 | highlighted when you hold the mouse over them, and information about | |
9c75b187 RS |
398 | the special bindings will be displayed (@pxref{Tooltips}). This |
399 | section's commands do not apply in those areas. | |
07039174 | 400 | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
401 | @table @kbd |
402 | @item Mouse-1 | |
099bfef9 | 403 | @kindex Mouse-1 @r{(mode line)} |
511002e9 RS |
404 | @kbd{Mouse-1} on a mode line selects the window it belongs to. By |
405 | dragging @kbd{Mouse-1} on the mode line, you can move it, thus | |
9c75b187 RS |
406 | changing the height of the windows above and below. Changing heights |
407 | with the mouse in this way never deletes windows, it just refuses to | |
408 | make any window smaller than the minimum height. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
409 | |
410 | @item Mouse-2 | |
099bfef9 | 411 | @kindex Mouse-2 @r{(mode line)} |
6bf7aab6 DL |
412 | @kbd{Mouse-2} on a mode line expands that window to fill its frame. |
413 | ||
414 | @item Mouse-3 | |
099bfef9 | 415 | @kindex Mouse-3 @r{(mode line)} |
511002e9 RS |
416 | @kbd{Mouse-3} on a mode line deletes the window it belongs to. If the |
417 | frame has only one window, it buries the current buffer instead, and | |
418 | switches to another buffer. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
419 | |
420 | @item C-Mouse-2 | |
099bfef9 | 421 | @kindex C-mouse-2 @r{(mode line)} |
6bf7aab6 DL |
422 | @kbd{C-Mouse-2} on a mode line splits the window above |
423 | horizontally, above the place in the mode line where you click. | |
424 | @end table | |
425 | ||
099bfef9 | 426 | @kindex C-Mouse-2 @r{(scroll bar)} |
9c75b187 RS |
427 | @kindex Mouse-1 @r{(scroll bar)} |
428 | Using @kbd{Mouse-1} on the divider between two side-by-side mode | |
429 | lines, you can move the vertical boundary left or right. Using | |
430 | @kbd{C-Mouse-2} on a scroll bar splits the corresponding window | |
779bc800 | 431 | vertically. @xref{Split Window}. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
432 | |
433 | @node Creating Frames | |
434 | @section Creating Frames | |
435 | @cindex creating frames | |
436 | ||
437 | @kindex C-x 5 | |
438 | The prefix key @kbd{C-x 5} is analogous to @kbd{C-x 4}, with parallel | |
439 | subcommands. The difference is that @kbd{C-x 5} commands create a new | |
440 | frame rather than just a new window in the selected frame (@pxref{Pop | |
441 | Up Window}). If an existing visible or iconified frame already displays | |
442 | the requested material, these commands use the existing frame, after | |
177c0ea7 | 443 | raising or deiconifying as necessary. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
444 | |
445 | The various @kbd{C-x 5} commands differ in how they find or create the | |
446 | buffer to select: | |
447 | ||
448 | @table @kbd | |
449 | @item C-x 5 2 | |
450 | @kindex C-x 5 2 | |
451 | @findex make-frame-command | |
452 | Create a new frame (@code{make-frame-command}). | |
453 | @item C-x 5 b @var{bufname} @key{RET} | |
454 | Select buffer @var{bufname} in another frame. This runs | |
455 | @code{switch-to-buffer-other-frame}. | |
456 | @item C-x 5 f @var{filename} @key{RET} | |
457 | Visit file @var{filename} and select its buffer in another frame. This | |
458 | runs @code{find-file-other-frame}. @xref{Visiting}. | |
459 | @item C-x 5 d @var{directory} @key{RET} | |
460 | Select a Dired buffer for directory @var{directory} in another frame. | |
461 | This runs @code{dired-other-frame}. @xref{Dired}. | |
462 | @item C-x 5 m | |
463 | Start composing a mail message in another frame. This runs | |
464 | @code{mail-other-frame}. It is the other-frame variant of @kbd{C-x m}. | |
465 | @xref{Sending Mail}. | |
466 | @item C-x 5 . | |
467 | Find a tag in the current tag table in another frame. This runs | |
468 | @code{find-tag-other-frame}, the multiple-frame variant of @kbd{M-.}. | |
469 | @xref{Tags}. | |
470 | @item C-x 5 r @var{filename} @key{RET} | |
471 | @kindex C-x 5 r | |
472 | @findex find-file-read-only-other-frame | |
473 | Visit file @var{filename} read-only, and select its buffer in another | |
474 | frame. This runs @code{find-file-read-only-other-frame}. | |
475 | @xref{Visiting}. | |
476 | @end table | |
477 | ||
478 | @cindex default-frame-alist | |
479 | @cindex initial-frame-alist | |
480 | You can control the appearance of new frames you create by setting the | |
481 | frame parameters in @code{default-frame-alist}. You can use the | |
482 | variable @code{initial-frame-alist} to specify parameters that affect | |
483 | only the initial frame. @xref{Initial Parameters,,, elisp, The Emacs | |
484 | Lisp Reference Manual}, for more information. | |
485 | ||
486 | @cindex font (default) | |
487 | The easiest way to specify the principal font for all your Emacs | |
488 | frames is with an X resource (@pxref{Font X}), but you can also do it by | |
489 | modifying @code{default-frame-alist} to specify the @code{font} | |
490 | parameter, as shown here: | |
491 | ||
492 | @example | |
493 | (add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(font . "10x20")) | |
494 | @end example | |
495 | ||
eba47cbd EZ |
496 | @noindent |
497 | Here's a similar example for specifying a foreground color: | |
498 | ||
499 | @example | |
7ce1c508 | 500 | (add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(foreground-color . "blue")) |
eba47cbd EZ |
501 | @end example |
502 | ||
099bfef9 RS |
503 | @node Frame Commands |
504 | @section Frame Commands | |
505 | ||
506 | The following commands let you create, delete and operate on frames: | |
507 | ||
508 | @table @kbd | |
509 | @item C-z | |
510 | @kindex C-z @r{(X windows)} | |
511 | @findex iconify-or-deiconify-frame | |
512 | Iconify the selected Emacs frame (@code{iconify-or-deiconify-frame}). | |
f97b3732 RS |
513 | The normal meaning of @kbd{C-z}, to suspend Emacs, is not useful under |
514 | a graphical display that allows multiple applications to operate | |
515 | simultaneously in their own windies, so Emacs gives @kbd{C-z} a | |
516 | different binding in that case. | |
099bfef9 RS |
517 | |
518 | If you type this command on an Emacs frame's icon, it deiconifies the frame. | |
519 | ||
520 | @item C-x 5 0 | |
521 | @kindex C-x 5 0 | |
522 | @findex delete-frame | |
523 | Delete the selected frame (@code{delete-frame}). This is not allowed if | |
524 | there is only one frame. | |
525 | ||
526 | @item C-x 5 o | |
527 | @kindex C-x 5 o | |
528 | @findex other-frame | |
529 | Select another frame, raise it, and warp the mouse to it so that it | |
530 | stays selected. If you repeat this command, it cycles through all the | |
531 | frames on your terminal. | |
532 | ||
533 | @item C-x 5 1 | |
534 | @kindex C-x 5 1 | |
535 | @findex delete-other-frames | |
536 | Delete all frames except the selected one. | |
537 | @end table | |
538 | ||
93d177d5 RS |
539 | @vindex focus-follows-mouse |
540 | To make the command @kbd{C-x 5 o} work properly, you must tell Emacs | |
541 | how the system (or the window manager) generally handles | |
542 | focus-switching between windows. There are two possibilities: either | |
543 | simply moving the mouse onto a window selects it (gives it focus), or | |
544 | you have to click on it in a suitable way to do so. Unfortunately | |
545 | there is no way Emacs can find out automatically which way the system | |
546 | handles this, so you have to explicitly say, by setting the variable | |
547 | @code{focus-follows-mouse}. If just moving the mouse onto a window | |
548 | selects it, that variable should be @code{t}; if a click is necessary, | |
549 | the variable should be @code{nil}. | |
550 | ||
6bf7aab6 | 551 | @node Speedbar |
de22e5d1 | 552 | @section Speedbar Frames |
6bf7aab6 DL |
553 | @cindex speedbar |
554 | ||
de22e5d1 RS |
555 | @cindex attached frame (of speedbar) |
556 | The @dfn{speedbar} is a special frame for conveniently navigating in | |
557 | or operating on another frame. The speedbar, when it exists, is | |
558 | always associated with a specific frame, called its @dfn{attached | |
559 | frame}; all speedbar operations act on that frame. | |
560 | ||
561 | Type @kbd{M-x speedbar} to create the speedbar and associate it with | |
92d22d48 CY |
562 | the current frame. To dismiss the speedbar, type @kbd{M-x speedbar} |
563 | again, or select the speedbar and type @kbd{q}. (You can also delete | |
564 | the speedbar frame like any other Emacs frame.) If you wish to | |
565 | associate the speedbar with a different frame, dismiss it and call | |
566 | @kbd{M-x speedbar} from that frame. | |
567 | ||
de22e5d1 RS |
568 | The speedbar can operate in various modes. Its default mode is |
569 | @dfn{File Display} mode, which shows the files in the current | |
570 | directory of the selected window of the attached frame, one file per | |
92d22d48 CY |
571 | line. Clicking on a file name visits that file in the selected window |
572 | of the attached frame, and clicking on a directory name shows that | |
573 | directory in the speedbar (@pxref{Mouse References}). Each line also | |
574 | has a box, @samp{[+]} or @samp{<+>}, that you can click on to | |
575 | @dfn{expand} the contents of that item. Expanding a directory adds | |
576 | the contents of that directory to the speedbar display, underneath the | |
577 | directory's own line. Expanding an ordinary file adds a list of the | |
578 | tags in that file to the speedbar display; you can click on a tag name | |
579 | to jump to that tag in the selected window of the attached frame. | |
580 | When a file or directory is expanded, the @samp{[+]} changes to | |
581 | @samp{[-]}; you can click on that box to @dfn{contract} the item, | |
582 | hiding its contents. | |
de22e5d1 RS |
583 | |
584 | You navigate through the speedbar using the keyboard, too. Typing | |
585 | @kbd{RET} while point is on a line in the speedbar is equivalent to | |
586 | clicking the item on the current line, and @kbd{SPC} expands or | |
587 | contracts the item. @kbd{U} displays the parent directory of the | |
588 | current directory. To copy, delete, or rename the file on the current | |
589 | line, type @kbd{C}, @kbd{D}, and @kbd{R} respectively. To create a | |
590 | new directory, type @kbd{M}. | |
591 | ||
592 | Another general-purpose speedbar mode is @dfn{Buffer Display} mode; | |
593 | in this mode, the speedbar displays a list of Emacs buffers. To | |
594 | switch to this mode, type @kbd{b} in the speedbar. To return to File | |
595 | Display mode, type @kbd{f}. You can also change the display mode by | |
596 | clicking @kbd{mouse-3} anywhere in the speedbar window (or | |
597 | @kbd{mouse-1} on the mode-line) and selecting @samp{Displays} in the | |
598 | pop-up menu. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
599 | |
600 | Some major modes, including Rmail mode, Info, and GUD, have | |
601 | specialized ways of putting useful items into the speedbar for you to | |
602 | select. For example, in Rmail mode, the speedbar shows a list of Rmail | |
603 | files, and lets you move the current message to another Rmail file by | |
604 | clicking on its @samp{<M>} box. | |
605 | ||
3b6de082 CY |
606 | For more details on using and programming the speedbar, @xref{Top, |
607 | Speedbar,,speedbar, Speedbar Manual}. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
608 | |
609 | @node Multiple Displays | |
610 | @section Multiple Displays | |
611 | @cindex multiple displays | |
612 | ||
97878c08 EZ |
613 | A single Emacs can talk to more than one X display. Initially, Emacs |
614 | uses just one display---the one specified with the @env{DISPLAY} | |
615 | environment variable or with the @samp{--display} option (@pxref{Initial | |
616 | Options}). To connect to another display, use the command | |
617 | @code{make-frame-on-display}: | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
618 | |
619 | @findex make-frame-on-display | |
620 | @table @kbd | |
621 | @item M-x make-frame-on-display @key{RET} @var{display} @key{RET} | |
622 | Create a new frame on display @var{display}. | |
623 | @end table | |
624 | ||
625 | A single X server can handle more than one screen. When you open | |
626 | frames on two screens belonging to one server, Emacs knows they share a | |
627 | single keyboard, and it treats all the commands arriving from these | |
628 | screens as a single stream of input. | |
629 | ||
630 | When you open frames on different X servers, Emacs makes a separate | |
631 | input stream for each server. This way, two users can type | |
632 | simultaneously on the two displays, and Emacs will not garble their | |
633 | input. Each server also has its own selected frame. The commands you | |
634 | enter with a particular X server apply to that server's selected frame. | |
635 | ||
636 | Despite these features, people using the same Emacs job from different | |
637 | displays can still interfere with each other if they are not careful. | |
638 | For example, if any one types @kbd{C-x C-c}, that exits the Emacs job | |
639 | for all of them! | |
640 | ||
641 | @node Special Buffer Frames | |
642 | @section Special Buffer Frames | |
643 | ||
644 | @vindex special-display-buffer-names | |
9c75b187 RS |
645 | You can make certain chosen buffers, which Emacs normally displays |
646 | in ``another window,'' appear in special frames of their own. To do | |
647 | this, set the variable @code{special-display-buffer-names} to a list | |
648 | of buffer names; any buffer whose name is in that list automatically | |
649 | gets a special frame, when an Emacs command wants to display it ``in | |
650 | another window.'' | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
651 | |
652 | For example, if you set the variable this way, | |
653 | ||
654 | @example | |
655 | (setq special-display-buffer-names | |
656 | '("*Completions*" "*grep*" "*tex-shell*")) | |
657 | @end example | |
658 | ||
659 | @noindent | |
660 | then completion lists, @code{grep} output and the @TeX{} mode shell | |
661 | buffer get individual frames of their own. These frames, and the | |
662 | windows in them, are never automatically split or reused for any other | |
663 | buffers. They continue to show the buffers they were created for, | |
664 | unless you alter them by hand. Killing the special buffer deletes its | |
665 | frame automatically. | |
666 | ||
667 | @vindex special-display-regexps | |
668 | More generally, you can set @code{special-display-regexps} to a list | |
669 | of regular expressions; then a buffer gets its own frame if its name | |
670 | matches any of those regular expressions. (Once again, this applies only | |
9c75b187 | 671 | to buffers that normally get displayed for you in ``another window.'') |
6bf7aab6 DL |
672 | |
673 | @vindex special-display-frame-alist | |
674 | The variable @code{special-display-frame-alist} specifies the frame | |
675 | parameters for these frames. It has a default value, so you don't need | |
676 | to set it. | |
677 | ||
678 | For those who know Lisp, an element of | |
679 | @code{special-display-buffer-names} or @code{special-display-regexps} | |
680 | can also be a list. Then the first element is the buffer name or | |
681 | regular expression; the rest of the list specifies how to create the | |
c84d4f59 RS |
682 | frame. It can be an association list specifying frame parameter |
683 | values; these values take precedence over parameter values specified | |
684 | in @code{special-display-frame-alist}. If you specify the symbol | |
685 | @code{same-window} as a ``frame parameter'' in this list, with a | |
686 | non-@code{nil} value, that means to use the selected window if | |
687 | possible. If you use the symbol @code{same-frame} as a ``frame | |
688 | parameter'' in this list, with a non-@code{nil} value, that means to | |
689 | use the selected frame if possible. | |
690 | ||
691 | Alternatively, the value can have this form: | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
692 | |
693 | @example | |
694 | (@var{function} @var{args}...) | |
695 | @end example | |
696 | ||
697 | @noindent | |
698 | where @var{function} is a symbol. Then the frame is constructed by | |
699 | calling @var{function}; its first argument is the buffer, and its | |
700 | remaining arguments are @var{args}. | |
701 | ||
702 | An analogous feature lets you specify buffers which should be | |
703 | displayed in the selected window. @xref{Force Same Window}. The | |
704 | same-window feature takes precedence over the special-frame feature; | |
705 | therefore, if you add a buffer name to | |
706 | @code{special-display-buffer-names} and it has no effect, check to see | |
707 | whether that feature is also in use for the same buffer name. | |
708 | ||
709 | @node Frame Parameters | |
710 | @section Setting Frame Parameters | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
711 | @cindex Auto-Raise mode |
712 | @cindex Auto-Lower mode | |
713 | ||
9c75b187 | 714 | @kindex S-Mouse-1 |
9c75b187 RS |
715 | You can specify the font and colors used for text display, and the |
716 | colors for the frame borders, the cursor, and the mouse cursor, by | |
717 | customizing the faces @code{default}, @code{border}, @code{cursor} and | |
718 | @code{mouse}. @xref{Face Customization}. You can also set a frame's | |
719 | default font through a pop-up menu. Press @kbd{S-Mouse-1} to activate | |
720 | this menu. | |
6bf7aab6 | 721 | |
9c75b187 RS |
722 | These commands are available for controlling the window management |
723 | behavior of the selected frame. | |
6bf7aab6 | 724 | |
9c75b187 RS |
725 | @table @kbd |
726 | @findex auto-raise-mode | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
727 | @item M-x auto-raise-mode |
728 | Toggle whether or not the selected frame should auto-raise. Auto-raise | |
729 | means that every time you move the mouse onto the frame, it raises the | |
730 | frame. | |
731 | ||
9c75b187 RS |
732 | Some window managers also implement auto-raise. If you enable |
733 | auto-raise for Emacs frames in your window manager, it will work, but | |
734 | it is beyond Emacs' control, so @code{auto-raise-mode} has no effect | |
735 | on it. | |
6bf7aab6 | 736 | |
9c75b187 | 737 | @findex auto-lower-mode |
6bf7aab6 DL |
738 | @item M-x auto-lower-mode |
739 | Toggle whether or not the selected frame should auto-lower. | |
740 | Auto-lower means that every time you move the mouse off the frame, | |
9c75b187 | 741 | the frame moves to the bottom of the stack on the screen. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
742 | |
743 | The command @code{auto-lower-mode} has no effect on auto-lower | |
9c75b187 RS |
744 | implemented by the window manager. To control that, you must use the |
745 | appropriate window manager features. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
746 | @end table |
747 | ||
748 | In Emacs versions that use an X toolkit, the color-setting and | |
749 | font-setting functions don't affect menus and the menu bar, since they | |
750 | are displayed by their own widget classes. To change the appearance of | |
186e9bcc | 751 | the menus and menu bar, you must use X resources (@pxref{Resources}). |
89c8e752 | 752 | @xref{Colors}, regarding colors. @xref{Font X}, regarding choice of |
6bf7aab6 DL |
753 | font. |
754 | ||
eba47cbd EZ |
755 | Colors, fonts, and other attributes of the frame's display can also |
756 | be customized by setting frame parameters in the variable | |
757 | @code{default-frame-alist} (@pxref{Creating Frames}). For a detailed | |
758 | description of frame parameters and customization, see @ref{Frame | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
759 | Parameters,,, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. |
760 | ||
761 | @node Scroll Bars | |
762 | @section Scroll Bars | |
763 | @cindex Scroll Bar mode | |
764 | @cindex mode, Scroll Bar | |
765 | ||
9c75b187 RS |
766 | On graphical displays, Emacs normally makes a @dfn{scroll bar} at |
767 | the left of each Emacs window.@footnote{Placing it at the left is | |
768 | usually more useful with overlapping frames with text starting at the | |
769 | left margin.} The scroll bar runs the height of the window, and shows | |
770 | a moving rectangular inner box which represents the portion of the | |
771 | buffer currently displayed. The entire height of the scroll bar | |
772 | represents the entire length of the buffer. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
773 | |
774 | You can use @kbd{Mouse-2} (normally, the middle button) in the scroll | |
775 | bar to move or drag the inner box up and down. If you move it to the | |
776 | top of the scroll bar, you see the top of the buffer. If you move it to | |
777 | the bottom of the scroll bar, you see the bottom of the buffer. | |
778 | ||
779 | The left and right buttons in the scroll bar scroll by controlled | |
780 | increments. @kbd{Mouse-1} (normally, the left button) moves the line at | |
781 | the level where you click up to the top of the window. @kbd{Mouse-3} | |
782 | (normally, the right button) moves the line at the top of the window | |
783 | down to the level where you click. By clicking repeatedly in the same | |
784 | place, you can scroll by the same distance over and over. | |
785 | ||
779bc800 LT |
786 | You can also click @kbd{C-Mouse-2} in the scroll bar to split a |
787 | window vertically. The split occurs on the line where you click. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
788 | |
789 | @findex scroll-bar-mode | |
70c88b57 | 790 | @vindex scroll-bar-mode |
6bf7aab6 | 791 | You can enable or disable Scroll Bar mode with the command @kbd{M-x |
9c75b187 RS |
792 | scroll-bar-mode}. With no argument, it toggles the use of scroll |
793 | bars. With an argument, it turns use of scroll bars on if and only if | |
794 | the argument is positive. This command applies to all frames, | |
795 | including frames yet to be created. Customize the variable | |
796 | @code{scroll-bar-mode} to control the use of scroll bars at startup. | |
797 | You can use it to specify that they are placed at the right of windows | |
798 | if you prefer that. You have to set this variable through the | |
799 | @samp{Customize} interface (@pxref{Easy Customization}), or it will | |
800 | not work properly. | |
801 | ||
802 | You can also use the X resource @samp{verticalScrollBars} to control | |
803 | the initial setting of Scroll Bar mode. @xref{Resources}. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
804 | |
805 | @findex toggle-scroll-bar | |
806 | To enable or disable scroll bars for just the selected frame, use the | |
eca274b1 | 807 | command @kbd{M-x toggle-scroll-bar}. |
6bf7aab6 | 808 | |
839736d5 EZ |
809 | @vindex scroll-bar-width |
810 | @cindex width of the scroll bar | |
811 | You can control the scroll bar width by changing the value of the | |
812 | @code{scroll-bar-width} frame parameter. | |
813 | ||
70c88b57 | 814 | @node Wheeled Mice |
099bfef9 RS |
815 | @section Scrolling With ``Wheeled'' Mice |
816 | ||
817 | @cindex mouse wheel | |
1b122be2 DL |
818 | @cindex wheel, mouse |
819 | @findex mouse-wheel-mode | |
820 | @cindex Mouse Wheel minor mode | |
821 | @cindex mode, Mouse Wheel | |
822 | Some mice have a ``wheel'' instead of a third button. You can | |
823 | usually click the wheel to act as either @kbd{Mouse-2} or | |
824 | @kbd{Mouse-3}, depending on the setup. You can also use the wheel to | |
099bfef9 | 825 | scroll windows instead of using the scroll bar or keyboard commands. |
b50352ec RS |
826 | Mouse wheel support only works if the system generates appropriate |
827 | events; whenever possible, it is turned on by default. To toggle this | |
828 | feature, use @kbd{M-x mouse-wheel-mode}. | |
c08e161b MB |
829 | |
830 | @vindex mouse-wheel-follow-mouse | |
831 | @vindex mouse-wheel-scroll-amount | |
b50352ec | 832 | @vindex mouse-wheel-progressive-speed |
099bfef9 | 833 | The variables @code{mouse-wheel-follow-mouse} and |
c08e161b | 834 | @code{mouse-wheel-scroll-amount} determine where and by how much |
b50352ec | 835 | buffers are scrolled. The variable |
d9cb626b | 836 | @code{mouse-wheel-progressive-speed} determines whether the scroll |
b50352ec | 837 | speed is linked to how fast you move the wheel. |
70c88b57 | 838 | |
511002e9 RS |
839 | @node Drag and Drop |
840 | @section Drag and Drop | |
54900736 | 841 | @cindex drag and drop |
54900736 | 842 | |
cc9355ea LK |
843 | Emacs supports @dfn{drag and drop} using the mouse. For instance, |
844 | dropping text onto an Emacs frame inserts the text where it is dropped. | |
845 | Dropping a file onto an Emacs frame visits that file. As a special | |
846 | case, dropping the file on a Dired buffer moves or copies the file | |
847 | (according to the conventions of the application it came from) into the | |
848 | directory displayed in that buffer. | |
511002e9 | 849 | |
9a49a36b | 850 | @vindex dnd-open-file-other-window |
511002e9 RS |
851 | Dropping a file normally visits it in the window you drop it on. If |
852 | you prefer to visit the file in a new window in such cases, customize | |
9a49a36b | 853 | the variable @code{dnd-open-file-other-window}. |
511002e9 | 854 | |
9c75b187 RS |
855 | The XDND and Motif drag and drop protocols, and the old KDE 1.x |
856 | protocol, are currently supported. | |
54900736 | 857 | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
858 | @node Menu Bars |
859 | @section Menu Bars | |
860 | @cindex Menu Bar mode | |
861 | @cindex mode, Menu Bar | |
862 | ||
863 | You can turn display of menu bars on or off with @kbd{M-x | |
19b2c4ca | 864 | menu-bar-mode} or by customizing the variable @code{menu-bar-mode}. |
2beab0db | 865 | With no argument, this command toggles Menu Bar mode, a |
6bf7aab6 DL |
866 | minor mode. With an argument, the command turns Menu Bar mode on if the |
867 | argument is positive, off if the argument is not positive. You can use | |
868 | the X resource @samp{menuBarLines} to control the initial setting of | |
186e9bcc | 869 | Menu Bar mode. @xref{Resources}. |
2beab0db | 870 | |
099bfef9 RS |
871 | @kindex C-Mouse-3 @r{(when menu bar is disabled)} |
872 | Expert users often turn off the menu bar, especially on text-only | |
873 | terminals, where this makes one additional line available for text. | |
874 | If the menu bar is off, you can still pop up a menu of its contents | |
47d7776c | 875 | with @kbd{C-Mouse-3} on a display which supports pop-up menus. |
099bfef9 | 876 | @xref{Menu Mouse Clicks}. |
6bf7aab6 DL |
877 | |
878 | @xref{Menu Bar}, for information on how to invoke commands with the | |
27c4f6c0 | 879 | menu bar. @xref{X Resources}, for how to customize the menu bar |
9c75b187 | 880 | menus' visual appearance. |
6bf7aab6 | 881 | |
2beab0db DL |
882 | @node Tool Bars |
883 | @section Tool Bars | |
884 | @cindex Tool Bar mode | |
885 | @cindex mode, Tool Bar | |
7114be0e | 886 | @cindex icons, toolbar |
2beab0db | 887 | |
511002e9 RS |
888 | The @dfn{tool bar} is a line (or lines) of icons at the top of the |
889 | Emacs window, just below the menu bar. You can click on these icons | |
890 | with the mouse to do various jobs. | |
099bfef9 | 891 | |
511002e9 | 892 | The global tool bar contains general commands. Some major modes |
099bfef9 RS |
893 | define their own tool bars to replace it. A few ``special'' modes |
894 | that are not designed for ordinary editing remove some items from the | |
895 | global tool bar. | |
943a8bb7 | 896 | |
511002e9 | 897 | Tool bars work only on a graphical display. The tool bar uses colored |
84be61d6 DL |
898 | XPM icons if Emacs was built with XPM support. Otherwise, the tool |
899 | bar uses monochrome icons (PBM or XBM format). | |
099bfef9 | 900 | |
511002e9 | 901 | You can turn display of tool bars on or off with @kbd{M-x |
d78e9711 | 902 | tool-bar-mode} or by customizing the option @code{tool-bar-mode}. |
70c88b57 DL |
903 | |
904 | @node Dialog Boxes | |
905 | @section Using Dialog Boxes | |
906 | @cindex dialog boxes | |
907 | ||
908 | @vindex use-dialog-box | |
099bfef9 RS |
909 | A dialog box is a special kind of menu for asking you a yes-or-no |
910 | question or some other special question. Many Emacs commands use a | |
911 | dialog box to ask a yes-or-no question, if you used the mouse to | |
912 | invoke the command to begin with. | |
913 | ||
19b2c4ca | 914 | You can customize the variable @code{use-dialog-box} to suppress the |
099bfef9 RS |
915 | use of dialog boxes. This also controls whether to use file selection |
916 | windows (but those are not supported on all platforms). | |
70c88b57 | 917 | |
1394f7f5 | 918 | @vindex use-file-dialog |
9c75b187 RS |
919 | A file selection window is a special kind of dialog box for asking |
920 | for file names. You can customize the variable @code{use-file-dialog} | |
921 | to suppress the use of file selection windows, even if you still want | |
922 | other kinds of dialogs. This variable has no effect if you have | |
923 | suppressed all dialog boxes with the variable @code{use-dialog-box}. | |
1394f7f5 | 924 | |
9c75b187 RS |
925 | @vindex x-gtk-show-hidden-files |
926 | For Gtk+ version 2.4 and newer, Emacs use the Gtk+ file chooser | |
927 | dialog. Emacs adds a toggle button that enables and disables showing | |
928 | of hidden files (files starting with a dot) in that dialog. The | |
929 | variable @code{x-gtk-show-hidden-files} controls whether to show | |
930 | hidden files by default. | |
1394f7f5 | 931 | |
3a0ab7ec | 932 | @vindex x-use-old-gtk-file-dialog |
e7c55f23 | 933 | For Gtk+ version 2.4 and 2.6, you can make Emacs use the old file dialog |
3a0ab7ec | 934 | by setting the variable @code{x-use-old-gtk-file-dialog} to a non-@code{nil} |
49e6099b | 935 | value. If Emacs is built with a Gtk+ version that has only one file dialog, |
4f0d76fb | 936 | the setting of this variable has no effect. |
1394f7f5 | 937 | |
70c88b57 | 938 | @node Tooltips |
6f58eede | 939 | @section Tooltips |
aac19cea | 940 | @cindex tooltips |
70c88b57 | 941 | |
aac19cea | 942 | @dfn{Tooltips} are small windows that display text information at the |
6f58eede | 943 | current mouse position. They activate when there is a pause in mouse |
aac19cea RS |
944 | movement. There are two types of tooltip: help tooltips and GUD |
945 | tooltips. | |
6f58eede | 946 | |
aac19cea | 947 | @dfn{Help tooltips} typically display over text---including the mode |
9c75b187 RS |
948 | line---but are also available for other parts of the Emacs frame, such |
949 | as the tool bar and menu items. | |
d9701e91 | 950 | |
099bfef9 | 951 | @findex tooltip-mode |
9c75b187 RS |
952 | You can toggle display of help tooltips (Tooltip mode) with the |
953 | command @kbd{M-x tooltip-mode}. When Tooltip mode is disabled, the | |
954 | help text is displayed in the echo area instead. | |
6f58eede | 955 | |
aac19cea RS |
956 | @dfn{GUD tooltips} show values of variables. They are useful when |
957 | you are debugging a program. @xref{Debugger Operation}. | |
70c88b57 | 958 | |
c84d4f59 RS |
959 | @vindex tooltip-delay |
960 | The variables @code{tooltip-delay} specifies how long Emacs should | |
961 | wait before displaying a tooltip. For additional customization | |
962 | options for displaying tooltips, use @kbd{M-x customize-group | |
963 | @key{RET} tooltip @key{RET}}. @xref{X Resources}, for information on | |
964 | customizing the windows that display tooltips. | |
9638f5c2 | 965 | |
43391ff3 DL |
966 | @node Mouse Avoidance |
967 | @section Mouse Avoidance | |
099bfef9 RS |
968 | @cindex avoiding mouse in the way of your typing |
969 | @cindex mouse avoidance | |
43391ff3 | 970 | |
099bfef9 | 971 | @vindex mouse-avoidance-mode |
f97b3732 RS |
972 | Mouse Avoidance mode keeps the mouse pointer away from point, to avoid |
973 | obscuring text you want to edit. Whenever it moves the mouse, it also | |
19b2c4ca | 974 | raises the frame. To use Mouse Avoidance mode, customize the variable |
099bfef9 RS |
975 | @code{mouse-avoidance-mode}. You can set this to various values to |
976 | move the mouse in several ways: | |
43391ff3 DL |
977 | |
978 | @table @code | |
979 | @item banish | |
47d7776c | 980 | Move the mouse to the upper-right corner on any key-press; |
43391ff3 DL |
981 | @item exile |
982 | Move the mouse to the corner only if the cursor gets too close, | |
983 | and allow it to return once the cursor is out of the way; | |
984 | @item jump | |
985 | If the cursor gets too close to the mouse, displace the mouse | |
986 | a random distance & direction; | |
987 | @item animate | |
988 | As @code{jump}, but shows steps along the way for illusion of motion; | |
989 | @item cat-and-mouse | |
990 | The same as @code{animate}; | |
991 | @item proteus | |
992 | As @code{animate}, but changes the shape of the mouse pointer too. | |
993 | @end table | |
994 | ||
099bfef9 RS |
995 | @findex mouse-avoidance-mode |
996 | You can also use the command @kbd{M-x mouse-avoidance-mode} to enable | |
43391ff3 | 997 | the mode. |
70c88b57 | 998 | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
999 | @node Non-Window Terminals |
1000 | @section Non-Window Terminals | |
1001 | @cindex non-window terminals | |
1002 | @cindex single-frame terminals | |
1003 | ||
9c75b187 RS |
1004 | On a text-only terminal, Emacs can display only one Emacs frame at a |
1005 | time. However, you can still create multiple Emacs frames, and switch | |
1006 | between them. Switching frames on these terminals is much like | |
1007 | switching between different window configurations. | |
6bf7aab6 DL |
1008 | |
1009 | Use @kbd{C-x 5 2} to create a new frame and switch to it; use @kbd{C-x | |
1010 | 5 o} to cycle through the existing frames; use @kbd{C-x 5 0} to delete | |
1011 | the current frame. | |
1012 | ||
1013 | Each frame has a number to distinguish it. If your terminal can | |
1014 | display only one frame at a time, the selected frame's number @var{n} | |
1015 | appears near the beginning of the mode line, in the form | |
1016 | @samp{F@var{n}}. | |
1017 | ||
1018 | @findex set-frame-name | |
1019 | @findex select-frame-by-name | |
9c75b187 RS |
1020 | @samp{F@var{n}} is in fact the frame's initial name. You can give |
1021 | frames more meaningful names if you wish, and you can select a frame | |
1022 | by its name. Use the command @kbd{M-x set-frame-name @key{RET} | |
1023 | @var{name} @key{RET}} to specify a new name for the selected frame, | |
1024 | and use @kbd{M-x select-frame-by-name @key{RET} @var{name} @key{RET}} | |
1025 | to select a frame according to its name. The name you specify appears | |
1026 | in the mode line when the frame is selected. | |
6bf7aab6 | 1027 | |
70c88b57 DL |
1028 | @node XTerm Mouse |
1029 | @section Using a Mouse in Terminal Emulators | |
43391ff3 DL |
1030 | @cindex xterm, mouse support |
1031 | @cindex terminal emulators, mouse support | |
70c88b57 | 1032 | |
9c75b187 | 1033 | Some terminal emulators under X support mouse clicks in the terminal |
70c88b57 | 1034 | window. In a terminal emulator which is compatible with @code{xterm}, |
6a9526ba LT |
1035 | you can use @kbd{M-x xterm-mouse-mode} to give Emacs control over |
1036 | simple use of the mouse---basically, only non-modified single clicks | |
1037 | are supported. The normal @code{xterm} mouse functionality for such | |
1038 | clicks is still available by holding down the @kbd{SHIFT} key when you | |
1039 | press the mouse button. | |
1040 | ||
d4127a9a | 1041 | Xterm Mouse mode is a global minor mode (@pxref{Minor Modes}). |
6a9526ba | 1042 | Repeating the command turns the mode off again. |
ab5796a9 MB |
1043 | |
1044 | @ignore | |
1045 | arch-tag: 7dcf3a31-a43b-45d4-a900-445b10d77e49 | |
1046 | @end ignore |