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ca2565b0 | 1 | @c This is part of the Emacs manual. |
b65d8176 | 2 | @c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, |
114f9c96 | 3 | @c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
ca2565b0 | 4 | @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. |
e93bc142 | 5 | @node Microsoft Windows, Manifesto, Mac OS / GNUstep, Top |
5798efc8 | 6 | @appendix Emacs and Microsoft Windows/MS-DOS |
c6b30bd2 | 7 | @cindex Microsoft Windows |
270c6692 | 8 | @cindex MS-Windows, Emacs peculiarities |
ca2565b0 | 9 | |
e691d082 | 10 | This section describes peculiarities of using Emacs on Microsoft |
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11 | Windows. Some of these peculiarities are also relevant to Microsoft's |
12 | older MS-DOS ``operating system'' (also known as ``MS-DOG''). | |
13 | However, Emacs features that are relevant @emph{only} to MS-DOS are | |
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14 | described in a separate |
15 | @iftex | |
9dc999d3 | 16 | manual (@pxref{MS-DOS,,, emacs-xtra, Specialized Emacs Features}). |
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17 | @end iftex |
18 | @ifnottex | |
19 | section (@pxref{MS-DOS}). | |
20 | @end ifnottex | |
21 | ||
ca2565b0 | 22 | |
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23 | The behavior of Emacs on MS-Windows is reasonably similar to what is |
24 | documented in the rest of the manual, including support for long file | |
25 | names, multiple frames, scroll bars, mouse menus, and subprocesses. | |
26 | However, a few special considerations apply, and they are described | |
27 | here. | |
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28 | |
29 | @menu | |
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30 | * Text and Binary:: Text files use CRLF to terminate lines. |
31 | * Windows Files:: File-name conventions on Windows. | |
9974630f | 32 | * ls in Lisp:: Emulation of @code{ls} for Dired. |
5798efc8 | 33 | * Windows HOME:: Where Emacs looks for your @file{.emacs}. |
5a3e3201 | 34 | * Windows Keyboard:: Windows-specific keyboard features. |
37a75312 | 35 | * Windows Mouse:: Windows-specific mouse features. |
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36 | * Windows Processes:: Running subprocesses on Windows. |
37 | * Windows Printing:: How to specify the printer on MS-Windows. | |
03bebefc | 38 | * Windows Fonts:: Specifying fonts on MS-Windows. |
37a75312 | 39 | * Windows Misc:: Miscellaneous Windows features. |
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40 | @ifnottex |
41 | * MS-DOS:: Using Emacs on MS-DOS (otherwise known as @dfn{MS-DOG}). | |
42 | @end ifnottex | |
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43 | @end menu |
44 | ||
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45 | @node Text and Binary |
46 | @section Text Files and Binary Files | |
47 | @cindex text and binary files on MS-DOS/MS-Windows | |
48 | ||
49 | GNU Emacs uses newline characters to separate text lines. This is the | |
270c6692 | 50 | convention used on GNU, Unix, and other Posix-compliant systems. |
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51 | |
52 | @cindex end-of-line conversion on MS-DOS/MS-Windows | |
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53 | By contrast, MS-DOS and MS-Windows normally use carriage-return linefeed, |
54 | a two-character sequence, to separate text lines. (Linefeed is the same | |
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55 | character as newline.) Therefore, convenient editing of typical files |
56 | with Emacs requires conversion of these end-of-line (EOL) sequences. | |
57 | And that is what Emacs normally does: it converts carriage-return | |
58 | linefeed into newline when reading files, and converts newline into | |
59 | carriage-return linefeed when writing files. The same mechanism that | |
60 | handles conversion of international character codes does this conversion | |
61 | also (@pxref{Coding Systems}). | |
62 | ||
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63 | @cindex cursor location, on MS-DOS |
64 | @cindex point location, on MS-DOS | |
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65 | One consequence of this special format-conversion of most files is |
66 | that character positions as reported by Emacs (@pxref{Position Info}) do | |
67 | not agree with the file size information known to the operating system. | |
68 | ||
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69 | In addition, if Emacs recognizes from a file's contents that it uses |
70 | newline rather than carriage-return linefeed as its line separator, it | |
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71 | does not perform EOL conversion when reading or writing that file. |
72 | Thus, you can read and edit files from GNU and Unix systems on MS-DOS | |
73 | with no special effort, and they will retain their Unix-style | |
74 | end-of-line convention after you edit them. | |
ca2565b0 | 75 | |
ca2565b0 | 76 | The mode line indicates whether end-of-line translation was used for |
1ca54e68 | 77 | the current buffer. If MS-DOS end-of-line translation is in use for the |
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78 | buffer, the MS-Windows build of Emacs displays a backslash @samp{\} after |
79 | the coding system mnemonic near the beginning of the mode line | |
80 | (@pxref{Mode Line}). If no EOL translation was performed, the string | |
81 | @samp{(Unix)} is displayed instead of the backslash, to alert you that the | |
82 | file's EOL format is not the usual carriage-return linefeed. | |
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83 | |
84 | @cindex DOS-to-Unix conversion of files | |
8e375db2 | 85 | To visit a file and specify whether it uses DOS-style or Unix-style |
fef4d6a6 | 86 | end-of-line, specify a coding system (@pxref{Text Coding}). For |
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87 | example, @kbd{C-x @key{RET} c unix @key{RET} C-x C-f foobar.txt} |
88 | visits the file @file{foobar.txt} without converting the EOLs; if some | |
89 | line ends with a carriage-return linefeed pair, Emacs will display | |
90 | @samp{^M} at the end of that line. Similarly, you can direct Emacs to | |
91 | save a buffer in a specified EOL format with the @kbd{C-x @key{RET} f} | |
92 | command. For example, to save a buffer with Unix EOL format, type | |
93 | @kbd{C-x @key{RET} f unix @key{RET} C-x C-s}. If you visit a file | |
94 | with DOS EOL conversion, then save it with Unix EOL format, that | |
95 | effectively converts the file to Unix EOL style, like @code{dos2unix}. | |
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96 | |
97 | @cindex untranslated file system | |
98 | @findex add-untranslated-filesystem | |
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99 | When you use NFS, Samba, or some other similar method to access file |
100 | systems that reside on computers using GNU or Unix systems, Emacs | |
101 | should not perform end-of-line translation on any files in these file | |
102 | systems---not even when you create a new file. To request this, | |
103 | designate these file systems as @dfn{untranslated} file systems by | |
104 | calling the function @code{add-untranslated-filesystem}. It takes one | |
105 | argument: the file system name, including a drive letter and | |
106 | optionally a directory. For example, | |
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107 | |
108 | @example | |
109 | (add-untranslated-filesystem "Z:") | |
110 | @end example | |
111 | ||
112 | @noindent | |
113 | designates drive Z as an untranslated file system, and | |
114 | ||
115 | @example | |
116 | (add-untranslated-filesystem "Z:\\foo") | |
117 | @end example | |
118 | ||
119 | @noindent | |
120 | designates directory @file{\foo} on drive Z as an untranslated file | |
121 | system. | |
122 | ||
123 | Most often you would use @code{add-untranslated-filesystem} in your | |
270c6692 | 124 | @file{.emacs} file, or in @file{site-start.el} so that all the users at |
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125 | your site get the benefit of it. |
126 | ||
127 | @findex remove-untranslated-filesystem | |
128 | To countermand the effect of @code{add-untranslated-filesystem}, use | |
129 | the function @code{remove-untranslated-filesystem}. This function takes | |
130 | one argument, which should be a string just like the one that was used | |
131 | previously with @code{add-untranslated-filesystem}. | |
132 | ||
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133 | Designating a file system as untranslated does not affect character |
134 | set conversion, only end-of-line conversion. Essentially, it directs | |
135 | Emacs to create new files with the Unix-style convention of using | |
136 | newline at the end of a line. @xref{Coding Systems}. | |
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137 | |
138 | @vindex file-name-buffer-file-type-alist | |
139 | @cindex binary files, on MS-DOS/MS-Windows | |
140 | Some kinds of files should not be converted at all, because their | |
270c6692 | 141 | contents are not really text. Therefore, Emacs on MS-Windows distinguishes |
1ca54e68 | 142 | certain files as @dfn{binary files}. (This distinction is not part of |
270c6692 | 143 | MS-Windows; it is made by Emacs only.) Binary files include executable |
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144 | programs, compressed archives, etc. Emacs uses the file name to decide |
145 | whether to treat a file as binary: the variable | |
146 | @code{file-name-buffer-file-type-alist} defines the file-name patterns | |
147 | that indicate binary files. If a file name matches one of the patterns | |
148 | for binary files (those whose associations are of the type | |
149 | @code{(@var{pattern} . t)}, Emacs reads and writes that file using the | |
150 | @code{no-conversion} coding system (@pxref{Coding Systems}) which turns | |
151 | off @emph{all} coding-system conversions, not only the EOL conversion. | |
152 | @code{file-name-buffer-file-type-alist} also includes file-name patterns | |
270c6692 | 153 | for files which are known to be Windows-style text files with |
1ca54e68 | 154 | carriage-return linefeed EOL format, such as @file{CONFIG.SYS}; Emacs |
270c6692 | 155 | always writes those files with Windows-style EOLs. |
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156 | |
157 | If a file which belongs to an untranslated file system matches one of | |
158 | the file-name patterns in @code{file-name-buffer-file-type-alist}, the | |
159 | EOL conversion is determined by @code{file-name-buffer-file-type-alist}. | |
160 | ||
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161 | @node Windows Files |
162 | @section File Names on MS-Windows | |
163 | @cindex file names on MS-Windows | |
164 | ||
165 | MS-Windows and MS-DOS normally use a backslash, @samp{\}, to | |
166 | separate name units within a file name, instead of the slash used on | |
167 | other systems. Emacs on MS-DOS/MS-Windows permits use of either slash or | |
168 | backslash, and also knows about drive letters in file names. | |
169 | ||
170 | @cindex file-name completion, on MS-Windows | |
171 | On MS-DOS/MS-Windows, file names are case-insensitive, so Emacs by | |
172 | default ignores letter-case in file names during completion. | |
173 | ||
37a75312 | 174 | @vindex w32-get-true-file-attributes |
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175 | The variable @code{w32-get-true-file-attributes} controls whether |
176 | Emacs should issue additional system calls to determine more | |
177 | accurately file attributes in primitives like @code{file-attributes} | |
178 | and @code{directory-files-and-attributes}. These additional calls are | |
179 | needed to report correct file ownership, link counts and file types | |
180 | for special files such as pipes. Without these system calls, file | |
181 | ownership will be attributed to the current user, link counts will be | |
182 | always reported as 1, and special files will be reported as regular | |
183 | files. | |
184 | ||
185 | If the value of this variable is @code{local} (the default), Emacs | |
186 | will issue these additional system calls only for files on local fixed | |
187 | drives. Any other non-@code{nil} value means do this even for | |
188 | removable and remote volumes, where this could potentially slow down | |
189 | Dired and other related features. The value of @code{nil} means never | |
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190 | issue those system calls. Non-@code{nil} values are more useful on |
191 | NTFS volumes, which support hard links and file security, than on FAT, | |
192 | FAT32, and XFAT volumes. | |
37a75312 | 193 | |
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194 | @node ls in Lisp |
195 | @section Emulation of @code{ls} on MS-Windows | |
196 | @cindex Dired, and MS-Windows/MS-DOS | |
197 | @cindex @code{ls} emulation | |
198 | ||
199 | Dired normally uses the external program @code{ls} (or its close | |
200 | work-alike) to produce the directory listing displayed in Dired | |
201 | buffers (@pxref{Dired}). However, MS-Windows and MS-DOS systems don't | |
202 | come with such a program, although several ports of @sc{gnu} @code{ls} | |
203 | are available. Therefore, Emacs on those systems @emph{emulates} | |
204 | @code{ls} in Lisp, by using the @file{ls-lisp.el} package. While | |
205 | @file{ls-lisp.el} provides a reasonably full emulation of @code{ls}, | |
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206 | there are some options and features peculiar to that emulation; |
207 | @iftex | |
208 | for more details, see the documentation of the variables whose names | |
209 | begin with @code{ls-lisp}. | |
210 | @end iftex | |
211 | @ifnottex | |
212 | they are described in this section. | |
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213 | |
214 | The @code{ls} emulation supports many of the @code{ls} switches, but | |
215 | it doesn't support all of them. Here's the list of the switches it | |
216 | does support: @option{-A}, @option{-a}, @option{-B}, @option{-C}, | |
217 | @option{-c}, @option{-i}, @option{-G}, @option{-g}, @option{-R}, | |
218 | @option{-r}, @option{-S}, @option{-s}, @option{-t}, @option{-U}, | |
219 | @option{-u}, and @option{-X}. The @option{-F} switch is partially | |
220 | supported (it appends the character that classifies the file, but does | |
221 | not prevent symlink following). | |
222 | ||
223 | @vindex ls-lisp-use-insert-directory-program | |
224 | On MS-Windows and MS-DOS, @file{ls-lisp.el} is preloaded when Emacs | |
225 | is built, so the Lisp emulation of @code{ls} is always used on those | |
226 | platforms. If you have a ported @code{ls}, setting | |
227 | @code{ls-lisp-use-insert-directory-program} to a non-@code{nil} value | |
228 | will revert to using an external program named by the variable | |
229 | @code{insert-directory-program}. | |
230 | ||
231 | @vindex ls-lisp-ignore-case | |
232 | By default, @file{ls-lisp.el} uses a case-sensitive sort order for | |
233 | the directory listing it produces; this is so the listing looks the | |
234 | same as on other platforms. If you wish that the files be sorted in | |
235 | case-insensitive order, set the variable @code{ls-lisp-ignore-case} to | |
236 | a non-@code{nil} value. | |
237 | ||
238 | @vindex ls-lisp-dirs-first | |
239 | By default, files and subdirectories are sorted together, to emulate | |
240 | the behavior of @code{ls}. However, native MS-Windows/MS-DOS file | |
241 | managers list the directories before the files; if you want that | |
242 | behavior, customize the option @code{ls-lisp-dirs-first} to a | |
243 | non-@code{nil} value. | |
244 | ||
245 | @vindex ls-lisp-verbosity | |
246 | The variable @code{ls-lisp-verbosity} controls the file attributes | |
247 | that @file{ls-lisp.el} displays. The value should be a list that | |
248 | contains one or more of the symbols @code{links}, @code{uid}, and | |
249 | @code{gid}. @code{links} means display the count of different file | |
250 | names that are associated with (a.k.a.@: @dfn{links to}) the file's | |
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251 | data; this is only useful on NTFS volumes. @code{uid} means display |
252 | the numerical identifier of the user who owns the file. @code{gid} | |
253 | means display the numerical identifier of the file owner's group. The | |
254 | default value is @code{(links uid gid)} i.e.@: all the 3 optional | |
255 | attributes are displayed. | |
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256 | |
257 | @vindex ls-lisp-emulation | |
258 | The variable @code{ls-lisp-emulation} controls the flavour of the | |
259 | @code{ls} emulation by setting the defaults for the 3 options | |
260 | described above: @code{ls-lisp-ignore-case}, | |
261 | @code{ls-lisp-dirs-first}, and @code{ls-lisp-verbosity}. The value of | |
262 | this option can be one of the following symbols: | |
263 | ||
264 | @table @code | |
265 | @item GNU | |
266 | @itemx nil | |
267 | Emulate @sc{gnu} systems; this is the default. This sets | |
268 | @code{ls-lisp-ignore-case} and @code{ls-lisp-dirs-first} to | |
269 | @code{nil}, and @code{ls-lisp-verbosity} to @code{(links uid gid)}. | |
270 | @item UNIX | |
271 | Emulate Unix systems. Like @code{GNU}, but sets | |
272 | @code{ls-lisp-verbosity} to @code{(links uid)}. | |
273 | @item MacOS | |
274 | Emulate MacOS. Sets @code{ls-lisp-ignore-case} to @code{t}, and | |
275 | @code{ls-lisp-dirs-first} and @code{ls-lisp-verbosity} to @code{nil}. | |
276 | @item MS-Windows | |
277 | Emulate MS-Windows. Sets @code{ls-lisp-ignore-case} and | |
278 | @code{ls-lisp-dirs-first} to @code{t}, and @code{ls-lisp-verbosity} to | |
279 | @code{(links)} on Windows NT/2K/XP/2K3 and to @code{nil} on Windows 9X. | |
280 | Note that the default emulation is @emph{not} @code{MS-Windows}, even | |
281 | on Windows, since many users of Emacs on those platforms prefer the | |
282 | @sc{gnu} defaults. | |
283 | @end table | |
284 | ||
285 | @noindent | |
286 | Any other value of @code{ls-lisp-emulation} means the same as | |
287 | @code{GNU}. Note that this option needs to be set @emph{before} | |
288 | @file{ls-lisp.el} is loaded, which means that on MS-Windows and MS-DOS | |
289 | you will have to set the value from your @file{.emacs} file and then | |
290 | restart Emacs, since @file{ls-lisp.el} is preloaded. | |
291 | ||
292 | @vindex ls-lisp-support-shell-wildcards | |
293 | The variable @code{ls-lisp-support-shell-wildcards} controls how | |
294 | file-name patterns are supported: if it is non-@code{nil} (the | |
295 | default), they are treated as shell-style wildcards; otherwise they | |
296 | are treated as Emacs regular expressions. | |
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297 | |
298 | @vindex ls-lisp-format-time-list | |
299 | The variable @code{ls-lisp-format-time-list} defines how to format | |
300 | the date and time of files. @emph{The value of this variable is | |
301 | ignored}, unless Emacs cannot determine the current locale. (However, | |
302 | if the value of @code{ls-lisp-use-localized-time-format} is | |
303 | non-@code{nil}, Emacs obeys @code{ls-lisp-format-time-list} even if | |
304 | the current locale is available; see below.) | |
305 | ||
306 | The value of @code{ls-lisp-format-time-list} is a list of 2 strings. | |
307 | The first string is used if the file was modified within the current | |
308 | year, while the second string is used for older files. In each of | |
309 | these two strings you can use @samp{%}-sequences to substitute parts | |
310 | of the time. For example: | |
311 | @lisp | |
312 | ("%b %e %H:%M" "%b %e %Y") | |
313 | @end lisp | |
314 | ||
315 | @noindent | |
316 | Note that the strings substituted for these @samp{%}-sequences depend | |
317 | on the current locale. @xref{Time Parsing,,, elisp, The Emacs Lisp | |
318 | Reference Manual}, for more about format time specs. | |
319 | ||
320 | @vindex ls-lisp-use-localized-time-format | |
321 | Normally, Emacs formats the file time stamps in either traditional | |
322 | or ISO-style time format. However, if the value of the variable | |
323 | @code{ls-lisp-use-localized-time-format} is non-@code{nil}, Emacs | |
324 | formats file time stamps according to what | |
325 | @code{ls-lisp-format-time-list} specifies. The @samp{%}-sequences in | |
326 | @code{ls-lisp-format-time-list} produce locale-dependent month and day | |
327 | names, which might cause misalignment of columns in Dired display. | |
7d0a2d30 | 328 | @end ifnottex |
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330 | @node Windows HOME |
331 | @section HOME Directory on MS-Windows | |
332 | @cindex @code{HOME} directory on MS-Windows | |
333 | ||
444246ca | 334 | The Windows equivalent of the @code{HOME} directory is the |
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335 | @dfn{user-specific application data directory}. The actual location |
336 | depends on your Windows version and system configuration; typical values | |
337 | are @file{C:\Documents and Settings\@var{username}\Application Data} on | |
338 | Windows 2K/XP and later, and either @file{C:\WINDOWS\Application Data} | |
339 | or @file{C:\WINDOWS\Profiles\@var{username}\Application Data} on the | |
340 | older Windows 9X/ME systems. | |
341 | ||
342 | @cindex init file @file{.emacs} on MS-Windows | |
343 | The home directory is where your init file @file{.emacs} is stored. | |
344 | When Emacs starts, it first checks whether the environment variable | |
345 | @env{HOME} is set. If it is, it looks for the init file in the | |
346 | directory pointed by @env{HOME}. If @env{HOME} is not defined, Emacs | |
347 | checks for an existing @file{.emacs} file in @file{C:\}, the root | |
348 | directory of drive @file{C:}@footnote{ | |
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349 | The check in @file{C:\} is for compatibility with older versions of Emacs, |
350 | which didn't check the application data directory. | |
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351 | }. If there's no such file in @file{C:\}, Emacs next uses the Windows |
352 | system calls to find out the exact location of your application data | |
03bebefc | 353 | directory. If that system call fails, Emacs falls back to @file{C:\}. |
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354 | |
355 | Whatever the final place is, Emacs sets the value of the @env{HOME} | |
356 | environment variable to point to it, and it will use that location for | |
357 | other files and directories it normally creates in the user's home | |
358 | directory. | |
359 | ||
360 | You can always find out where Emacs thinks is your home directory's | |
361 | location by typing @kbd{C-x d ~/ @key{RET}}. This should present the | |
362 | list of files in the home directory, and show its full name on the | |
363 | first line. Likewise, to visit your init file, type @kbd{C-x C-f | |
364 | ~/.emacs @key{RET}}. | |
365 | ||
366 | @cindex @file{_emacs} init file, MS-Windows | |
367 | Because MS-DOS does not allow file names with leading dots, and | |
368 | because older Windows systems made it hard to create files with such | |
369 | names, the Windows port of Emacs supports an alternative name | |
370 | @file{_emacs} as a fallback, if such a file exists in the home | |
371 | directory, whereas @file{.emacs} does not. | |
372 | ||
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373 | @node Windows Keyboard |
374 | @section Keyboard Usage on MS-Windows | |
375 | @cindex keyboard, MS-Windows | |
376 | ||
377 | This section describes the Windows-specific features related to | |
378 | keyboard input in Emacs. | |
379 | ||
e7379492 | 380 | @cindex MS-Windows keyboard shortcuts |
668ef058 RS |
381 | Many key combinations (known as ``keyboard shortcuts'') that have |
382 | conventional uses in MS-Windows programs conflict with traditional | |
51524f43 RS |
383 | Emacs key bindings. (These Emacs key bindings were established years |
384 | before Microsoft was founded.) Examples of conflicts include | |
385 | @kbd{C-c}, @kbd{C-x}, @kbd{C-z}, @kbd{C-a}, and @kbd{W-@key{SPC}}. | |
386 | You can redefine some of them with meanings more like the MS-Windows | |
387 | meanings by enabling CUA Mode (@pxref{CUA Bindings}). | |
e7379492 | 388 | |
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389 | @kindex F10 @r{(MS-Windows)} |
390 | @cindex menu bar access using keyboard @r{(MS-Windows)} | |
391 | The @key{F10} key on Windows activates the menu bar in a way that | |
392 | makes it possible to use the menus without a mouse. In this mode, the | |
393 | arrow keys traverse the menus, @key{RET} selects a highlighted menu | |
394 | item, and @key{ESC} closes the menu. | |
395 | ||
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396 | @iftex |
397 | @inforef{Windows Keyboard, , emacs}, for information about additional | |
398 | Windows-specific variables in this category. | |
399 | @end iftex | |
7d0a2d30 | 400 | @ifnottex |
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401 | @vindex w32-alt-is-meta |
402 | @cindex @code{Alt} key (MS-Windows) | |
403 | By default, the key labeled @key{Alt} is mapped as the @key{META} | |
404 | key. If you wish it to produce the @code{Alt} modifier instead, set | |
405 | the variable @code{w32-alt-is-meta} to a @code{nil} value. | |
406 | ||
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407 | @findex w32-register-hot-key |
408 | @findex w32-unregister-hot-key | |
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409 | MS-Windows reserves certain key combinations, such as |
410 | @kbd{Alt-@key{TAB}}, for its own use. These key combinations are | |
411 | intercepted by the system before Emacs can see them. You can use the | |
412 | @code{w32-register-hot-key} function to allow a key sequence to be | |
413 | seen by Emacs instead of being grabbed by Windows. This functions | |
414 | registers a key sequence as a @dfn{hot key}, overriding the special | |
415 | meaning of that key sequence for Windows. (MS-Windows is told that | |
416 | the key sequence is a hot key only when one of the Emacs windows has | |
417 | focus, so that the special keys still have their usual meaning for | |
418 | other Windows applications.) | |
419 | ||
420 | The argument to @code{w32-register-hot-key} must be a single key, | |
421 | with or without modifiers, in vector form that would be acceptable to | |
422 | @code{define-key}. The meta modifier is interpreted as the @key{ALT} | |
423 | key if @code{w32-alt-is-meta} is @code{t} (the default), and the hyper | |
424 | modifier is always interpreted as the Windows key (usually labeled | |
425 | with @key{start} and the Windows logo). If the function succeeds in | |
426 | registering the key sequence, it returns the hotkey ID, a number; | |
427 | otherwise it returns @code{nil}. | |
428 | ||
429 | @kindex M-TAB@r{, (MS-Windows)} | |
71ce5fd0 JB |
430 | @cindex @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} vs @kbd{Alt-@key{TAB}} (MS-Windows) |
431 | @cindex @kbd{Alt-@key{TAB}} vs @kbd{M-@key{TAB}} (MS-Windows) | |
432 | For example, @code{(w32-register-hot-key [M-tab])} lets you use | |
2be6bfe2 EZ |
433 | @kbd{M-TAB} normally in Emacs, for instance, to complete the word or |
434 | symbol at point at top level, or to complete the current search string | |
435 | against previously sought strings during incremental search. | |
436 | ||
437 | The function @code{w32-unregister-hot-key} reverses the effect of | |
438 | @code{w32-register-hot-key} for its argument key sequence. | |
71ce5fd0 | 439 | |
5a3e3201 EZ |
440 | @vindex w32-capslock-is-shiftlock |
441 | By default, the @key{CapsLock} key only affects normal character | |
442 | keys (it converts lower-case characters to their upper-case | |
443 | variants). However, if you set the variable | |
444 | @code{w32-capslock-is-shiftlock} to a non-@code{nil} value, the | |
445 | @key{CapsLock} key will affect non-character keys as well, as if you | |
446 | pressed the @key{Shift} key while typing the non-character key. | |
447 | ||
448 | @vindex w32-enable-caps-lock | |
449 | If the variable @code{w32-enable-caps-lock} is set to a @code{nil} | |
450 | value, the @key{CapsLock} key produces the symbol @code{capslock} | |
451 | instead of the shifted version of they keys. The default value is | |
452 | @code{t}. | |
453 | ||
454 | @vindex w32-enable-num-lock | |
455 | @cindex keypad keys (MS-Windows) | |
456 | Similarly, if @code{w32-enable-num-lock} is @code{nil}, the | |
457 | @key{NumLock} key will produce the symbol @code{kp-numlock}. The | |
458 | default is @code{t}, which causes @key{NumLock} to work as expected: | |
459 | toggle the meaning of the keys on the numeric keypad. | |
7d0a2d30 | 460 | @end ifnottex |
5a3e3201 | 461 | |
3a9d9327 EZ |
462 | @vindex w32-apps-modifier |
463 | The variable @code{w32-apps-modifier} controls the effect of the | |
464 | @key{Apps} key (usually located between the right @key{Alt} and the | |
465 | right @key{Ctrl} keys). Its value can be one of the symbols | |
466 | @code{hyper}, @code{super}, @code{meta}, @code{alt}, @code{control}, | |
467 | or @code{shift} for the respective modifier, or @code{nil} to appear | |
468 | as the key @code{apps}. The default is @code{nil}. | |
469 | ||
5a3e3201 EZ |
470 | @vindex w32-lwindow-modifier |
471 | @vindex w32-rwindow-modifier | |
472 | @vindex w32-scroll-lock-modifier | |
473 | The variable @code{w32-lwindow-modifier} determines the effect of | |
474 | the left Windows key (usually labeled with @key{start} and the Windows | |
475 | logo). If its value is @code{nil} (the default), the key will produce | |
476 | the symbol @code{lwindow}. Setting it to one of the symbols | |
477 | @code{hyper}, @code{super}, @code{meta}, @code{alt}, @code{control}, | |
478 | or @code{shift} will produce the respective modifier. A similar | |
479 | variable @code{w32-rwindow-modifier} controls the effect of the right | |
480 | Windows key, and @code{w32-scroll-lock-modifier} does the same for the | |
481 | @key{ScrLock} key. If these variables are set to @code{nil}, the | |
482 | right Windows key produces the symbol @code{rwindow} and @key{ScrLock} | |
483 | produces the symbol @code{scroll}. | |
484 | ||
485 | @vindex w32-pass-alt-to-system | |
37a75312 EZ |
486 | @cindex Windows system menu |
487 | @cindex @code{Alt} key invokes menu (Windows) | |
488 | Emacs compiled as a native Windows application normally turns off | |
489 | the Windows feature that tapping the @key{ALT} key invokes the Windows | |
490 | menu. The reason is that the @key{ALT} serves as @key{META} in Emacs. | |
491 | When using Emacs, users often press the @key{META} key temporarily and | |
492 | then change their minds; if this has the effect of bringing up the | |
493 | Windows menu, it alters the meaning of subsequent commands. Many | |
494 | users find this frustrating. | |
495 | ||
496 | You can re-enable Windows' default handling of tapping the @key{ALT} | |
497 | key by setting @code{w32-pass-alt-to-system} to a non-@code{nil} | |
498 | value. | |
499 | ||
7d0a2d30 | 500 | @ifnottex |
5a3e3201 EZ |
501 | @vindex w32-pass-lwindow-to-system |
502 | @vindex w32-pass-rwindow-to-system | |
37a75312 | 503 | The variables @code{w32-pass-lwindow-to-system} and |
5a3e3201 EZ |
504 | @code{w32-pass-rwindow-to-system} determine whether the respective |
505 | keys are passed to Windows or swallowed by Emacs. If the value is | |
506 | @code{nil}, the respective key is silently swallowed by Emacs, | |
37a75312 EZ |
507 | otherwise it is passed to Windows. The default is @code{t} for both |
508 | of these variables. Passing each of these keys to Windows produces | |
509 | its normal effect: for example, @kbd{@key{Lwindow}} opens the | |
a26d12e3 EZ |
510 | @code{Start} menu, etc.@footnote{ |
511 | Some combinations of the ``Windows'' keys with other keys are caught | |
512 | by Windows at low level in a way that Emacs currently cannot prevent. | |
513 | For example, @kbd{@key{Lwindow} r} always pops up the Windows | |
514 | @samp{Run} dialog. Customizing the value of | |
515 | @code{w32-phantom-key-code} might help in some cases, though.} | |
5a3e3201 EZ |
516 | |
517 | @vindex w32-recognize-altgr | |
518 | @kindex AltGr @r{(MS-Windows)} | |
519 | @cindex AltGr key (MS-Windows) | |
6041f4e1 | 520 | The variable @code{w32-recognize-altgr} controls whether the |
1521f22e EZ |
521 | @key{AltGr} key (if it exists on your keyboard), or its equivalent, |
522 | the combination of the right @key{Alt} and left @key{Ctrl} keys | |
523 | pressed together, is recognized as the @key{AltGr} key. The default | |
524 | is @code{t}, which means these keys produce @code{AltGr}; setting it | |
525 | to @code{nil} causes @key{AltGr} or the equivalent key combination to | |
526 | be interpreted as the combination of @key{CTRL} and @key{META} | |
527 | modifiers. | |
7d0a2d30 | 528 | @end ifnottex |
5a3e3201 | 529 | |
37a75312 EZ |
530 | @node Windows Mouse |
531 | @section Mouse Usage on MS-Windows | |
532 | @cindex mouse, and MS-Windows | |
533 | ||
534 | This section describes the Windows-specific variables related to | |
535 | mouse. | |
536 | ||
537 | @vindex w32-mouse-button-tolerance | |
538 | @cindex simulation of middle mouse button | |
539 | The variable @code{w32-mouse-button-tolerance} specifies the | |
540 | time interval, in milliseconds, for faking middle mouse button press | |
541 | on 2-button mice. If both mouse buttons are depressed within this | |
542 | time interval, Emacs generates a middle mouse button click event | |
543 | instead of a double click on one of the buttons. | |
544 | ||
545 | @vindex w32-pass-extra-mouse-buttons-to-system | |
546 | If the variable @code{w32-pass-extra-mouse-buttons-to-system} is | |
547 | non-@code{nil}, Emacs passes the fourth and fifth mouse buttons to | |
548 | Windows. | |
549 | ||
550 | @vindex w32-swap-mouse-buttons | |
551 | The variable @code{w32-swap-mouse-buttons} controls which of the 3 | |
552 | mouse buttons generates the @kbd{mouse-2} events. When it is | |
553 | @code{nil} (the default), the middle button generates @kbd{mouse-2} | |
554 | and the right button generates @kbd{mouse-3} events. If this variable | |
555 | is non-@code{nil}, the roles of these two buttons are reversed. | |
5a3e3201 | 556 | |
ca2565b0 | 557 | @node Windows Processes |
270c6692 EZ |
558 | @section Subprocesses on Windows 9X/ME and Windows NT/2K/XP |
559 | @cindex subprocesses on MS-Windows | |
ca2565b0 | 560 | |
270c6692 | 561 | @cindex DOS applications, running from Emacs |
049224f6 | 562 | Emacs compiled as a native Windows application (as opposed to the DOS |
ca2565b0 AI |
563 | version) includes full support for asynchronous subprocesses. |
564 | In the Windows version, synchronous and asynchronous subprocesses work | |
565 | fine on both | |
270c6692 | 566 | Windows 9X/ME and Windows NT/2K/XP as long as you run only 32-bit Windows |
ca2565b0 AI |
567 | applications. However, when you run a DOS application in a subprocess, |
568 | you may encounter problems or be unable to run the application at all; | |
569 | and if you run two DOS applications at the same time in two | |
570 | subprocesses, you may have to reboot your system. | |
571 | ||
572 | Since the standard command interpreter (and most command line utilities) | |
270c6692 | 573 | on Windows 9X are DOS applications, these problems are significant when |
ca2565b0 AI |
574 | using that system. But there's nothing we can do about them; only |
575 | Microsoft can fix them. | |
576 | ||
577 | If you run just one DOS application subprocess, the subprocess should | |
578 | work as expected as long as it is ``well-behaved'' and does not perform | |
579 | direct screen access or other unusual actions. If you have a CPU | |
580 | monitor application, your machine will appear to be 100% busy even when | |
581 | the DOS application is idle, but this is only an artifact of the way CPU | |
582 | monitors measure processor load. | |
583 | ||
584 | You must terminate the DOS application before you start any other DOS | |
585 | application in a different subprocess. Emacs is unable to interrupt or | |
586 | terminate a DOS subprocess. The only way you can terminate such a | |
587 | subprocess is by giving it a command that tells its program to exit. | |
588 | ||
589 | If you attempt to run two DOS applications at the same time in separate | |
590 | subprocesses, the second one that is started will be suspended until the | |
591 | first one finishes, even if either or both of them are asynchronous. | |
592 | ||
270c6692 | 593 | @cindex kill DOS application |
ca2565b0 AI |
594 | If you can go to the first subprocess, and tell it to exit, the second |
595 | subprocess should continue normally. However, if the second subprocess | |
596 | is synchronous, Emacs itself will be hung until the first subprocess | |
597 | finishes. If it will not finish without user input, then you have no | |
ff43a665 | 598 | choice but to reboot if you are running on Windows 9X. If you are |
270c6692 EZ |
599 | running on Windows NT/2K/XP, you can use a process viewer application to kill |
600 | the appropriate instance of NTVDM instead (this will terminate both DOS | |
ca2565b0 AI |
601 | subprocesses). |
602 | ||
ff43a665 | 603 | If you have to reboot Windows 9X in this situation, do not use the |
ca2565b0 AI |
604 | @code{Shutdown} command on the @code{Start} menu; that usually hangs the |
605 | system. Instead, type @kbd{CTL-ALT-@key{DEL}} and then choose | |
606 | @code{Shutdown}. That usually works, although it may take a few minutes | |
607 | to do its job. | |
608 | ||
37a75312 | 609 | @vindex w32-quote-process-args |
a210f8e6 EZ |
610 | The variable @code{w32-quote-process-args} controls how Emacs quotes |
611 | the process arguments. Non-@code{nil} means quote with the @code{"} | |
612 | character. If the value is a character, use that character to escape | |
613 | any quote characters that appear; otherwise chose a suitable escape | |
614 | character based on the type of the program. | |
37a75312 | 615 | |
ccff391f EZ |
616 | @ifnottex |
617 | @findex w32-shell-execute | |
618 | The function @code{w32-shell-execute} can be useful for writing | |
619 | customized commands that run MS-Windows applications registered to | |
620 | handle a certain standard Windows operation for a specific type of | |
621 | document or file. This function is a wrapper around the Windows | |
622 | @code{ShellExecute} API. See the MS-Windows API documentation for | |
623 | more details. | |
624 | @end ifnottex | |
625 | ||
270c6692 EZ |
626 | @node Windows Printing |
627 | @section Printing and MS-Windows | |
628 | ||
629 | Printing commands, such as @code{lpr-buffer} (@pxref{Printing}) and | |
630 | @code{ps-print-buffer} (@pxref{PostScript}) work in MS-DOS and | |
631 | MS-Windows by sending the output to one of the printer ports, if a | |
632 | Posix-style @code{lpr} program is unavailable. The same Emacs | |
633 | variables control printing on all systems, but in some cases they have | |
634 | different default values on MS-DOS and MS-Windows. | |
635 | ||
636 | Emacs on Windows automatically determines your default printer and | |
03bebefc | 637 | sets the variable @code{printer-name} to that printer's name. But in |
270c6692 EZ |
638 | some rare cases this can fail, or you may wish to use a different |
639 | printer from within Emacs. The rest of this section explains how to | |
640 | tell Emacs which printer to use. | |
641 | ||
03bebefc | 642 | @vindex printer-name@r{, (MS-DOS/MS-Windows)} |
270c6692 EZ |
643 | If you want to use your local printer, then set the Lisp variable |
644 | @code{lpr-command} to @code{""} (its default value on Windows) and | |
645 | @code{printer-name} to the name of the printer port---for example, | |
646 | @code{"PRN"}, the usual local printer port or @code{"LPT2"}, or | |
647 | @code{"COM1"} for a serial printer. You can also set | |
648 | @code{printer-name} to a file name, in which case ``printed'' output | |
649 | is actually appended to that file. If you set @code{printer-name} to | |
650 | @code{"NUL"}, printed output is silently discarded (sent to the system | |
651 | null device). | |
652 | ||
653 | You can also use a printer shared by another machine by setting | |
654 | @code{printer-name} to the UNC share name for that printer---for | |
655 | example, @code{"//joes_pc/hp4si"}. (It doesn't matter whether you use | |
656 | forward slashes or backslashes here.) To find out the names of shared | |
657 | printers, run the command @samp{net view} from the command prompt to | |
658 | obtain a list of servers, and @samp{net view @var{server-name}} to see | |
659 | the names of printers (and directories) shared by that server. | |
660 | Alternatively, click the @samp{Network Neighborhood} icon on your | |
661 | desktop, and look for machines which share their printers via the | |
662 | network. | |
663 | ||
664 | @cindex @samp{net use}, and printing on MS-Windows | |
665 | @cindex networked printers (MS-Windows) | |
666 | If the printer doesn't appear in the output of @samp{net view}, or | |
667 | if setting @code{printer-name} to the UNC share name doesn't produce a | |
668 | hardcopy on that printer, you can use the @samp{net use} command to | |
669 | connect a local print port such as @code{"LPT2"} to the networked | |
670 | printer. For example, typing @kbd{net use LPT2: \\joes_pc\hp4si}@footnote{ | |
671 | Note that the @samp{net use} command requires the UNC share name to be | |
672 | typed with the Windows-style backslashes, while the value of | |
673 | @code{printer-name} can be set with either forward- or backslashes.} | |
674 | causes Windows to @dfn{capture} the @code{LPT2} port and redirect the | |
675 | printed material to the printer connected to the machine @code{joes_pc}. | |
676 | After this command, setting @code{printer-name} to @code{"LPT2"} | |
677 | should produce the hardcopy on the networked printer. | |
678 | ||
679 | With some varieties of Windows network software, you can instruct | |
680 | Windows to capture a specific printer port such as @code{"LPT2"}, and | |
681 | redirect it to a networked printer via the @w{@code{Control | |
682 | Panel->Printers}} applet instead of @samp{net use}. | |
683 | ||
684 | If you set @code{printer-name} to a file name, it's best to use an | |
685 | absolute file name. Emacs changes the working directory according to | |
686 | the default directory of the current buffer, so if the file name in | |
687 | @code{printer-name} is relative, you will end up with several such | |
688 | files, each one in the directory of the buffer from which the printing | |
689 | was done. | |
690 | ||
375136cc EZ |
691 | If the value of @code{printer-name} is correct, but printing does |
692 | not produce the hardcopy on your printer, it is possible that your | |
693 | printer does not support printing plain text (some cheap printers omit | |
a210f8e6 EZ |
694 | this functionality). In that case, try the PostScript print commands, |
695 | described below. | |
375136cc | 696 | |
270c6692 EZ |
697 | @findex print-buffer @r{(MS-DOS)} |
698 | @findex print-region @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
699 | @vindex lpr-headers-switches @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
700 | The commands @code{print-buffer} and @code{print-region} call the | |
701 | @code{pr} program, or use special switches to the @code{lpr} program, to | |
702 | produce headers on each printed page. MS-DOS and MS-Windows don't | |
703 | normally have these programs, so by default, the variable | |
704 | @code{lpr-headers-switches} is set so that the requests to print page | |
705 | headers are silently ignored. Thus, @code{print-buffer} and | |
706 | @code{print-region} produce the same output as @code{lpr-buffer} and | |
707 | @code{lpr-region}, respectively. If you do have a suitable @code{pr} | |
708 | program (for example, from GNU Coreutils), set | |
709 | @code{lpr-headers-switches} to @code{nil}; Emacs will then call | |
710 | @code{pr} to produce the page headers, and print the resulting output as | |
711 | specified by @code{printer-name}. | |
712 | ||
713 | @vindex print-region-function @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
714 | @cindex lpr usage under MS-DOS | |
715 | @vindex lpr-command @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
716 | @vindex lpr-switches @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
717 | Finally, if you do have an @code{lpr} work-alike, you can set the | |
718 | variable @code{lpr-command} to @code{"lpr"}. Then Emacs will use | |
719 | @code{lpr} for printing, as on other systems. (If the name of the | |
720 | program isn't @code{lpr}, set @code{lpr-command} to specify where to | |
721 | find it.) The variable @code{lpr-switches} has its standard meaning | |
722 | when @code{lpr-command} is not @code{""}. If the variable | |
723 | @code{printer-name} has a string value, it is used as the value for the | |
724 | @code{-P} option to @code{lpr}, as on Unix. | |
725 | ||
726 | @findex ps-print-buffer @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
727 | @findex ps-spool-buffer @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
728 | @vindex ps-printer-name @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
729 | @vindex ps-lpr-command @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
730 | @vindex ps-lpr-switches @r{(MS-DOS)} | |
731 | A parallel set of variables, @code{ps-lpr-command}, | |
732 | @code{ps-lpr-switches}, and @code{ps-printer-name} (@pxref{PostScript | |
733 | Variables}), defines how PostScript files should be printed. These | |
734 | variables are used in the same way as the corresponding variables | |
735 | described above for non-PostScript printing. Thus, the value of | |
736 | @code{ps-printer-name} is used as the name of the device (or file) to | |
737 | which PostScript output is sent, just as @code{printer-name} is used | |
738 | for non-PostScript printing. (There are two distinct sets of | |
739 | variables in case you have two printers attached to two different | |
740 | ports, and only one of them is a PostScript printer.) | |
741 | ||
6c60bbdb | 742 | @cindex Ghostscript, use for PostScript printing |
270c6692 EZ |
743 | The default value of the variable @code{ps-lpr-command} is @code{""}, |
744 | which causes PostScript output to be sent to the printer port specified | |
745 | by @code{ps-printer-name}, but @code{ps-lpr-command} can also be set to | |
746 | the name of a program which will accept PostScript files. Thus, if you | |
747 | have a non-PostScript printer, you can set this variable to the name of | |
748 | a PostScript interpreter program (such as Ghostscript). Any switches | |
749 | that need to be passed to the interpreter program are specified using | |
750 | @code{ps-lpr-switches}. (If the value of @code{ps-printer-name} is a | |
751 | string, it will be added to the list of switches as the value for the | |
752 | @code{-P} option. This is probably only useful if you are using | |
753 | @code{lpr}, so when using an interpreter typically you would set | |
754 | @code{ps-printer-name} to something other than a string so it is | |
755 | ignored.) | |
756 | ||
757 | For example, to use Ghostscript for printing on the system's default | |
758 | printer, put this in your @file{.emacs} file: | |
759 | ||
760 | @example | |
761 | (setq ps-printer-name t) | |
762 | (setq ps-lpr-command "D:/gs6.01/bin/gswin32c.exe") | |
763 | (setq ps-lpr-switches '("-q" "-dNOPAUSE" "-dBATCH" | |
764 | "-sDEVICE=mswinpr2" | |
765 | "-sPAPERSIZE=a4")) | |
766 | @end example | |
767 | ||
768 | @noindent | |
769 | (This assumes that Ghostscript is installed in the | |
770 | @file{D:/gs6.01} directory.) | |
771 | ||
03bebefc JR |
772 | @node Windows Fonts |
773 | @section Specifying Fonts on MS-Windows | |
774 | @cindex font specification (MS Windows) | |
775 | ||
776 | Starting with Emacs 23, fonts are specified by their name, size | |
87e391bb EZ |
777 | and optional properties. The format for specifying fonts comes from the |
778 | fontconfig library used in modern Free desktops: | |
03bebefc JR |
779 | |
780 | @example | |
781 | [Family[-PointSize]][:Option1=Value1[:Option2=Value2[...]]] | |
782 | @end example | |
783 | ||
784 | The old XLFD based format is also supported for backwards compatibility. | |
785 | ||
87e391bb | 786 | Emacs 23 supports a number of backends. Currently, the @code{gdi} |
ed6e7b11 | 787 | and @code{uniscribe} font backends are supported on Windows. The |
86dca3e8 | 788 | @code{gdi} font backend is available on all versions of Windows, and |
ed6e7b11 | 789 | supports all fonts that are natively supported by Windows. The |
86dca3e8 | 790 | @code{uniscribe} font backend is available on Windows 2000 and later, |
ed6e7b11 | 791 | and supports Truetype and Opentype fonts. Some languages requiring |
86dca3e8 | 792 | complex layout can only be properly supported by the uniscribe |
ed6e7b11 | 793 | backend. By default, both backends are enabled if supported, with |
86dca3e8 | 794 | @code{uniscribe} taking priority over @code{gdi}. |
03bebefc JR |
795 | |
796 | @cindex font properties (MS Windows) | |
797 | @noindent | |
798 | Optional properties common to all font backends on MS-Windows are: | |
799 | ||
87e391bb EZ |
800 | @table @code |
801 | ||
03bebefc | 802 | @vindex font-weight-table @r{(MS-Windows)} |
87e391bb EZ |
803 | @item weight |
804 | Specifies the weight of the font. Special values @code{light}, | |
805 | @code{medium}, @code{demibold}, @code{bold}, and @code{black} can be specified | |
806 | without @code{weight=} (e.g., @kbd{Courier New-12:bold}). Otherwise, | |
03bebefc | 807 | the weight should be a numeric value between 100 and 900, or one of the |
87e391bb | 808 | named weights in @code{font-weight-table}. If unspecified, a regular font |
03bebefc JR |
809 | is assumed. |
810 | ||
811 | @vindex font-slant-table @r{(MS-Windows)} | |
87e391bb EZ |
812 | @item slant |
813 | Specifies whether the font is italic. Special values | |
03bebefc | 814 | @code{roman}, @code{italic} and @code{oblique} can be specified |
87e391bb EZ |
815 | without @code{slant=} (e.g., @kbd{Courier New-12:italic}). |
816 | Otherwise, the slant should be a numeric value, or one of the named | |
03bebefc | 817 | slants in @code{font-slant-table}. On Windows, any slant above 150 is |
87e391bb | 818 | treated as italics, and anything below as roman. |
03bebefc | 819 | |
87e391bb EZ |
820 | @item family |
821 | Specifies the font family, but normally this will be specified | |
03bebefc JR |
822 | at the start of the font name. |
823 | ||
87e391bb EZ |
824 | @item pixelsize |
825 | Specifies the font size in pixels. This can be used instead | |
03bebefc JR |
826 | of the point size specified after the family name. |
827 | ||
87e391bb EZ |
828 | @item adstyle |
829 | Specifies additional style information for the font. | |
03bebefc | 830 | On MS-Windows, the values @code{mono}, @code{sans}, @code{serif}, |
87e391bb | 831 | @code{script} and @code{decorative} are recognized. These are most useful |
03bebefc JR |
832 | as a fallback with the font family left unspecified. |
833 | ||
834 | @vindex w32-charset-info-alist | |
87e391bb EZ |
835 | @item registry |
836 | Specifies the character set registry that the font is | |
837 | expected to cover. Most Truetype and Opentype fonts will be unicode fonts | |
03bebefc JR |
838 | that cover several national character sets, but you can narrow down the |
839 | selection of fonts to those that support a particular character set by | |
840 | using a specific registry from @code{w32-charset-info-alist} here. | |
841 | ||
87e391bb | 842 | @item spacing |
ed6e7b11 | 843 | Specifies how the font is spaced. The @code{p} spacing specifies |
03bebefc JR |
844 | a proportional font, and @code{m} or @code{c} specify a monospaced font. |
845 | ||
87e391bb EZ |
846 | @item foundry |
847 | Not used on Windows, but for informational purposes and to | |
03bebefc JR |
848 | prevent problems with code that expects it to be set, is set internally to |
849 | @code{raster} for bitmapped fonts, @code{outline} for scalable fonts, | |
850 | or @code{unknown} if the type cannot be determined as one of those. | |
87e391bb | 851 | @end table |
03bebefc JR |
852 | |
853 | @cindex font properties (MS Windows gdi backend) | |
87e391bb EZ |
854 | Options specific to @code{GDI} fonts: |
855 | ||
856 | @table @code | |
03bebefc JR |
857 | |
858 | @cindex font scripts (MS Windows) | |
859 | @cindex font unicode subranges (MS Windows) | |
87e391bb EZ |
860 | @item script |
861 | Specifies a unicode subrange the font should support. | |
862 | ||
863 | The following scripts are recognized on Windows: @code{latin}, @code{greek}, | |
864 | @code{coptic}, @code{cyrillic}, @code{armenian}, @code{hebrew}, @code{arabic}, | |
03bebefc JR |
865 | @code{syriac}, @code{nko}, @code{thaana}, @code{devanagari}, @code{bengali}, |
866 | @code{gurmukhi}, @code{gujarati}, @code{oriya}, @code{tamil}, @code{telugu}, | |
867 | @code{kannada}, @code{malayam}, @code{sinhala}, @code{thai}, @code{lao}, | |
868 | @code{tibetan}, @code{myanmar}, @code{georgian}, @code{hangul}, | |
869 | @code{ethiopic}, @code{cherokee}, @code{canadian-aboriginal}, @code{ogham}, | |
870 | @code{runic}, @code{khmer}, @code{mongolian}, @code{symbol}, @code{braille}, | |
871 | @code{han}, @code{ideographic-description}, @code{cjk-misc}, @code{kana}, | |
872 | @code{bopomofo}, @code{kanbun}, @code{yi}, @code{byzantine-musical-symbol}, | |
873 | @code{musical-symbol}, and @code{mathematical}. | |
874 | ||
875 | @cindex font antialiasing (MS Windows) | |
87e391bb EZ |
876 | @item antialias |
877 | Specifies the antialiasing to use for the font. The value @code{none} | |
03bebefc JR |
878 | means no antialiasing, @code{standard} means use standard antialiasing, |
879 | @code{subpixel} means use subpixel antialiasing (known as Cleartype on Windows), | |
87e391bb EZ |
880 | and @code{natural} means use subpixel antialiasing with adjusted spacing between |
881 | letters. If unspecified, the font will use the system default antialiasing. | |
882 | @end table | |
03bebefc | 883 | |
37a75312 EZ |
884 | @node Windows Misc |
885 | @section Miscellaneous Windows-specific features | |
886 | ||
887 | This section describes miscellaneous Windows-specific features. | |
888 | ||
a210f8e6 EZ |
889 | @vindex w32-use-visible-system-caret |
890 | @cindex screen reader software, MS-Windows | |
891 | The variable @code{w32-use-visible-system-caret} is a flag that | |
86dca3e8 JR |
892 | determines whether to make the system caret visible. The default when |
893 | no screen reader software is in use is @code{nil}, which means Emacs | |
894 | draws its own cursor to indicate the position of point. A | |
895 | non-@code{nil} value means Emacs will indicate point location by the | |
896 | system caret; this facilitates use of screen reader software, and is | |
897 | the default when such software is detected when running Emacs. | |
898 | When this variable is non-@code{nil}, other variables affecting the | |
899 | cursor display have no effect. | |
a210f8e6 EZ |
900 | |
901 | @iftex | |
902 | @inforef{Windows Misc, , emacs}, for information about additional | |
903 | Windows-specific variables in this category. | |
904 | @end iftex | |
905 | ||
7d0a2d30 | 906 | @ifnottex |
37a75312 EZ |
907 | @vindex w32-grab-focus-on-raise |
908 | @cindex frame focus policy, MS-Windows | |
909 | The variable @code{w32-grab-focus-on-raise}, if set to a | |
910 | non-@code{nil} value causes a frame to grab focus when it is raised. | |
911 | The default is @code{t}, which fits well with the Windows default | |
912 | click-to-focus policy. | |
7d0a2d30 | 913 | @end ifnottex |
37a75312 | 914 | |
5798efc8 EZ |
915 | @ifnottex |
916 | @include msdog-xtra.texi | |
917 | @end ifnottex | |
918 | ||
ab5796a9 MB |
919 | @ignore |
920 | arch-tag: f39d2590-5dcc-4318-88d9-0eb73ca10fa2 | |
921 | @end ignore |