Merge remote-tracking branch 'local-2.0/stable-2.0'
[bpt/guile.git] / libguile / numbers.c
index 85ca0fd..24ae2bc 100644 (file)
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@
 #  include <config.h>
 #endif
 
+#include <verify.h>
+
 #include <math.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unicase.h>
@@ -72,6 +74,9 @@
 #ifndef M_LOG10E
 #define M_LOG10E   0.43429448190325182765
 #endif
+#ifndef M_LN2
+#define M_LN2     0.69314718055994530942
+#endif
 #ifndef M_PI
 #define M_PI       3.14159265358979323846
 #endif
@@ -111,6 +116,7 @@ typedef scm_t_signed_bits scm_t_inum;
 
 static SCM flo0;
 static SCM exactly_one_half;
+static SCM flo_log10e;
 
 #define SCM_SWAP(x, y) do { SCM __t = x; x = y; y = __t; } while (0)
 
@@ -130,9 +136,9 @@ static double acosh (double x) { return log (x + sqrt (x * x - 1)); }
 static double atanh (double x) { return 0.5 * log ((1 + x) / (1 - x)); }
 #endif
 
-/* mpz_cmp_d in gmp 4.1.3 doesn't recognise infinities, so xmpz_cmp_d uses
-   an explicit check.  In some future gmp (don't know what version number),
-   mpz_cmp_d is supposed to do this itself.  */
+/* mpz_cmp_d in GMP before 4.2 didn't recognise infinities, so
+   xmpz_cmp_d uses an explicit check.  Starting with GMP 4.2 (released
+   in March 2006), mpz_cmp_d now handles infinities properly.  */
 #if 1
 #define xmpz_cmp_d(z, d)                                \
   (isinf (d) ? (d < 0.0 ? 1 : -1) : mpz_cmp_d (z, d))
@@ -142,7 +148,7 @@ static double atanh (double x) { return 0.5 * log ((1 + x) / (1 - x)); }
 
 
 #if defined (GUILE_I)
-#if HAVE_COMPLEX_DOUBLE
+#if defined HAVE_COMPLEX_DOUBLE
 
 /* For an SCM object Z which is a complex number (ie. satisfies
    SCM_COMPLEXP), return its value as a C level "complex double". */
@@ -312,16 +318,15 @@ scm_i_dbl2num (double u)
    we need to use mpz_getlimbn.  mpz_tstbit is not right, it treats
    negatives as twos complement.
 
-   In current gmp 4.1.3, mpz_get_d rounding is unspecified.  It ends up
-   following the hardware rounding mode, but applied to the absolute value
-   of the mpz_t operand.  This is not what we want so we put the high
-   DBL_MANT_DIG bits into a temporary.  In some future gmp, don't know when,
-   mpz_get_d is supposed to always truncate towards zero.
+   In GMP before 4.2, mpz_get_d rounding was unspecified.  It ended up
+   following the hardware rounding mode, but applied to the absolute
+   value of the mpz_t operand.  This is not what we want so we put the
+   high DBL_MANT_DIG bits into a temporary.  Starting with GMP 4.2
+   (released in March 2006) mpz_get_d now always truncates towards zero.
 
-   ENHANCE-ME: The temporary init+clear to force the rounding in gmp 4.1.3
-   is a slowdown.  It'd be faster to pick out the relevant high bits with
-   mpz_getlimbn if we could be bothered coding that, and if the new
-   truncating gmp doesn't come out.  */
+   ENHANCE-ME: The temporary init+clear to force the rounding in GMP
+   before 4.2 is a slowdown.  It'd be faster to pick out the relevant
+   high bits with mpz_getlimbn.  */
 
 double
 scm_i_big2dbl (SCM b)
@@ -333,7 +338,12 @@ scm_i_big2dbl (SCM b)
 
 #if 1
   {
-    /* Current GMP, eg. 4.1.3, force truncation towards zero */
+    /* For GMP earlier than 4.2, force truncation towards zero */
+
+    /* FIXME: DBL_MANT_DIG is the number of base-`FLT_RADIX' digits,
+       _not_ the number of bits, so this code will break badly on a
+       system with non-binary doubles.  */
+
     mpz_t  tmp;
     if (bits > DBL_MANT_DIG)
       {
@@ -349,7 +359,7 @@ scm_i_big2dbl (SCM b)
       }
   }
 #else
-  /* Future GMP */
+  /* GMP 4.2 or later */
   result = mpz_get_d (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (b));
 #endif
 
@@ -522,7 +532,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_exact_p, "exact?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_NUMBERP (x))
     return SCM_BOOL_T;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_exact_p, x, 1, s_scm_exact_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_exact_p, x, 1, s_scm_exact_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -538,7 +548,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_inexact_p, "inexact?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_NUMBERP (x))
     return SCM_BOOL_F;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_inexact_p, x, 1, s_scm_inexact_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_inexact_p, x, 1, s_scm_inexact_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -572,7 +582,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_odd_p, "odd?", 1, 0, 0,
            return SCM_BOOL_F;
        }
     }
-  SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_odd_p, n, 1, s_scm_odd_p);
+  return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_odd_p, n, 1, s_scm_odd_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -606,7 +616,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_even_p, "even?", 1, 0, 0,
            return SCM_BOOL_T;
        }
     }
-  SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_even_p, n, 1, s_scm_even_p);
+  return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_even_p, n, 1, s_scm_even_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -621,7 +631,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_finite_p, "finite?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (scm_is_real (x))
     return SCM_BOOL_T;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_finite_p, x, 1, s_scm_finite_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_finite_p, x, 1, s_scm_finite_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -636,7 +646,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_inf_p, "inf?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (scm_is_real (x))
     return SCM_BOOL_F;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_inf_p, x, 1, s_scm_inf_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_inf_p, x, 1, s_scm_inf_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -651,7 +661,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_nan_p, "nan?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (scm_is_real (x))
     return SCM_BOOL_F;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_nan_p, x, 1, s_scm_nan_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_nan_p, x, 1, s_scm_nan_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -778,7 +788,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_abs, "abs", 1, 0, 0,
                             SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_abs, x, 1, s_scm_abs);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_abs, x, 1, s_scm_abs);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -788,78 +798,15 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_quotient, "quotient", 2, 0, 0,
        "Return the quotient of the numbers @var{x} and @var{y}.")
 #define FUNC_NAME s_scm_quotient
 {
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
-    {
-      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
-      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
-       {
-         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_quotient);
-         else
-           {
-             scm_t_inum z = xx / yy;
-             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (z)))
-               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (z);
-             else
-               return scm_i_inum2big (z);
-           }
-       }
-      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       {
-         if ((SCM_I_INUM (x) == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
-             && (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
-                              - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
-            {
-              /* Special case:  x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-              return SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1);
-            }
-         else
-           return SCM_INUM0;
-       }
-      else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_quotient);
-    }
-  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (scm_is_integer (x)))
     {
-      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
-       {
-         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_quotient);
-         else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 1))
-           return x;
-         else
-           {
-             SCM result = scm_i_mkbig ();
-             if (yy < 0)
-               {
-                 mpz_tdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                                - yy);
-                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result));
-               }
-             else
-               mpz_tdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-             return scm_i_normbig (result);
-           }
-       }
-      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       {
-         SCM result = scm_i_mkbig ();
-         mpz_tdiv_q (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
-         return scm_i_normbig (result);
-       }
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (scm_is_integer (y)))
+       return scm_truncate_quotient (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_quotient);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_quotient);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_quotient);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_quotient);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -872,69 +819,15 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_remainder, "remainder", 2, 0, 0,
        "@end lisp")
 #define FUNC_NAME s_scm_remainder
 {
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
-    {
-      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
-       {
-         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_remainder);
-         else
-           {
-             /* C99 specifies that "%" is the remainder corresponding to a
-                 quotient rounded towards zero, and that's also traditional
-                 for machine division, so z here should be well defined.  */
-             scm_t_inum z = SCM_I_INUM (x) % yy;
-             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (z);
-           }
-       }
-      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       {
-         if ((SCM_I_INUM (x) == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
-             && (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
-                              - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
-            {
-              /* Special case:  x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-              return SCM_INUM0;
-            }
-         else
-           return x;
-       }
-      else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_remainder);
-    }
-  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (scm_is_integer (x)))
     {
-      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
-       {
-         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_remainder);
-         else
-           {
-             SCM result = scm_i_mkbig ();
-             if (yy < 0)
-               yy = - yy;
-             mpz_tdiv_r_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ(x), yy);
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-             return scm_i_normbig (result);
-           }
-       }
-      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       {
-         SCM result = scm_i_mkbig ();
-         mpz_tdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
-         return scm_i_normbig (result);
-       }
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (scm_is_integer (y)))
+       return scm_truncate_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_remainder);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_remainder);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_remainder);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_remainder);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -948,181 +841,171 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_modulo, "modulo", 2, 0, 0,
        "@end lisp")
 #define FUNC_NAME s_scm_modulo
 {
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
-    {
-      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
-      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
-       {
-         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_modulo);
-         else
-           {
-             /* C99 specifies that "%" is the remainder corresponding to a
-                 quotient rounded towards zero, and that's also traditional
-                 for machine division, so z here should be well defined.  */
-             scm_t_inum z = xx % yy;
-             scm_t_inum result;
-
-             if (yy < 0)
-               {
-                 if (z > 0)
-                   result = z + yy;
-                 else
-                   result = z;
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 if (z < 0)
-                   result = z + yy;
-                 else
-                   result = z;
-               }
-             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (result);
-           }
-       }
-      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       {
-         int sgn_y = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-           {
-             mpz_t z_x;
-             SCM result;
-
-             if (sgn_y < 0)
-               {
-                 SCM pos_y = scm_i_clonebig (y, 0);
-                 /* do this after the last scm_op */
-                 mpz_init_set_si (z_x, xx);
-                 result = pos_y; /* re-use this bignum */
-                 mpz_mod (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                          z_x,
-                          SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (pos_y));        
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (pos_y);
-               }
-             else
-               {
-                 result = scm_i_mkbig ();
-                 /* do this after the last scm_op */
-                 mpz_init_set_si (z_x, xx);
-                 mpz_mod (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                          z_x,
-                          SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));        
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-               }
-        
-             if ((sgn_y < 0) && mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result)) != 0)
-               mpz_add (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                        SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
-                        SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result));
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-             /* and do this before the next one */
-             mpz_clear (z_x);
-             return scm_i_normbig (result);
-           }
-       }
-      else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_modulo, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_modulo);
-    }
-  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (scm_is_integer (x)))
     {
-      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
-       {
-         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_modulo);
-         else
-           {
-             SCM result = scm_i_mkbig ();
-             mpz_mod_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                         SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                         (yy < 0) ? - yy : yy);
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-             if ((yy < 0) && (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result)) != 0))
-               mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                           SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                           - yy);
-             return scm_i_normbig (result);
-           }
-       }
-      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       {
-         SCM result = scm_i_mkbig ();
-         int y_sgn = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-         SCM pos_y = scm_i_clonebig (y, y_sgn >= 0);
-         mpz_mod (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (pos_y));
-        
-         scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-         if ((y_sgn < 0) && (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result)) != 0))
-           mpz_add (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result),
-                    SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
-                    SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (result));
-         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (y, pos_y);
-         return scm_i_normbig (result);
-       }
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (scm_is_integer (y)))
+       return scm_floor_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_modulo, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_modulo);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_modulo, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_modulo);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_modulo, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_modulo);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_modulo, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_modulo);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+/* two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 is a version of SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 for
+   two-valued functions.  It is called from primitive generics that take
+   two arguments and return two values, when the core procedure is
+   unable to handle the given argument types.  If there are GOOPS
+   methods for this primitive generic, it dispatches to GOOPS and, if
+   successful, expects two values to be returned, which are placed in
+   *rp1 and *rp2.  If there are no GOOPS methods, it throws a
+   wrong-type-arg exception.
+
+   FIXME: This obviously belongs somewhere else, but until we decide on
+   the right API, it is here as a static function, because it is needed
+   by the *_divide functions below.
+*/
+static void
+two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (SCM gf, SCM a1, SCM a2, int pos,
+                          const char *subr, SCM *rp1, SCM *rp2)
+{
+  SCM vals = scm_wta_dispatch_2 (gf, a1, a2, pos, subr);
+  
+  scm_i_extract_values_2 (vals, rp1, rp2);
+}
+
+SCM_DEFINE (scm_euclidean_quotient, "euclidean-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
+           (SCM x, SCM y),
+           "Return the integer @var{q} such that\n"
+           "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+           "where @math{0 <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y})}.\n"
+           "@lisp\n"
+           "(euclidean-quotient 123 10) @result{} 12\n"
+           "(euclidean-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -12\n"
+           "(euclidean-quotient -123 10) @result{} -13\n"
+           "(euclidean-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 13\n"
+           "(euclidean-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0\n"
+           "(euclidean-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3\n"
+           "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_euclidean_quotient
+{
+  if (scm_is_false (scm_negative_p (y)))
+    return scm_floor_quotient (x, y);
+  else
+    return scm_ceiling_quotient (x, y);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+SCM_DEFINE (scm_euclidean_remainder, "euclidean-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
+           (SCM x, SCM y),
+           "Return the real number @var{r} such that\n"
+           "@math{0 <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y})} and\n"
+           "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+           "for some integer @var{q}.\n"
+           "@lisp\n"
+           "(euclidean-remainder 123 10) @result{} 3\n"
+           "(euclidean-remainder 123 -10) @result{} 3\n"
+           "(euclidean-remainder -123 10) @result{} 7\n"
+           "(euclidean-remainder -123 -10) @result{} 7\n"
+           "(euclidean-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 3.8\n"
+           "(euclidean-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} 22/21\n"
+           "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_euclidean_remainder
+{
+  if (scm_is_false (scm_negative_p (y)))
+    return scm_floor_remainder (x, y);
+  else
+    return scm_ceiling_remainder (x, y);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+SCM_DEFINE (scm_i_euclidean_divide, "euclidean/", 2, 0, 0,
+           (SCM x, SCM y),
+           "Return the integer @var{q} and the real number @var{r}\n"
+           "such that @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+           "and @math{0 <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y})}.\n"
+           "@lisp\n"
+           "(euclidean/ 123 10) @result{} 12 and 3\n"
+           "(euclidean/ 123 -10) @result{} -12 and 3\n"
+           "(euclidean/ -123 10) @result{} -13 and 7\n"
+           "(euclidean/ -123 -10) @result{} 13 and 7\n"
+           "(euclidean/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0 and 3.8\n"
+           "(euclidean/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3 and 22/21\n"
+           "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_i_euclidean_divide
+{
+  if (scm_is_false (scm_negative_p (y)))
+    return scm_i_floor_divide (x, y);
+  else
+    return scm_i_ceiling_divide (x, y);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
-static SCM scm_i_inexact_euclidean_quotient (double x, double y);
-static SCM scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
+void
+scm_euclidean_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (scm_is_false (scm_negative_p (y)))
+    return scm_floor_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+  else
+    return scm_ceiling_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+}
+
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_floor_quotient (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_floor_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
 
-SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_quotient, "euclidean-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_floor_quotient, "floor-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
                       (SCM x, SCM y),
-                      "Return the integer @var{q} such that\n"
-                      "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
-                      "where @math{0 <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y})}.\n"
+                      "Return the floor of @math{@var{x} / @var{y}}.\n"
                       "@lisp\n"
-                      "(euclidean-quotient 123 10) @result{} 12\n"
-                      "(euclidean-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -12\n"
-                      "(euclidean-quotient -123 10) @result{} -13\n"
-                      "(euclidean-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 13\n"
-                      "(euclidean-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0\n"
-                      "(euclidean-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(floor-quotient 123 10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(floor-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -13\n"
+                      "(floor-quotient -123 10) @result{} -13\n"
+                      "(floor-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(floor-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 1.0\n"
+                      "(floor-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4\n"
                       "@end lisp")
-#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_euclidean_quotient
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_floor_quotient
 {
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
     {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
       if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
-         else
+         scm_t_inum xx1 = xx;
+         scm_t_inum qq;
+         if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
            {
-             scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
-             scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
-             if (xx < qq * yy)
-               {
-                 if (yy > 0)
-                   qq--;
-                 else
-                   qq++;
-               }
-             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             if (SCM_UNLIKELY (xx < 0))
+               xx1 = xx - yy + 1;
            }
+         else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_quotient);
+         else if (xx > 0)
+           xx1 = xx - yy - 1;
+         qq = xx1 / yy;
+         if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+           return SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+         else
+           return scm_i_inum2big (qq);
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
-         if (SCM_I_INUM (x) >= 0)
-           return SCM_INUM0;
+         int sign = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+         if (sign > 0)
+           return SCM_I_MAKINUM ((xx < 0) ? -1 : 0);
          else
-           return SCM_I_MAKINUM (- mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)));
+           return SCM_I_MAKINUM ((xx > 0) ? -1 : 0);
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_quotient
-         (SCM_I_INUM (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_quotient (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_quotient (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_quotient (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_quotient);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -1130,7 +1013,9 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_quotient, "euclidean-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_quotient);
+         else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 1))
+           return x;
          else
            {
              SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
@@ -1138,7 +1023,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_quotient, "euclidean-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
                mpz_fdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
              else
                {
-                 mpz_fdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
                  mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
                }
              scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
@@ -1148,149 +1033,139 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_quotient, "euclidean-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
          SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
-         if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
-           mpz_fdiv_q (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-         else
-           mpz_cdiv_q (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         mpz_fdiv_q (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
          scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
          return scm_i_normbig (q);
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_quotient
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_quotient
          (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_quotient (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_quotient (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_quotient);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
          SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_quotient
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_quotient
          (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_quotient);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_quotient
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_quotient
          (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_quotient (x, y);
       else
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_quotient (x, y);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_quotient);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_floor_quotient);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
 static SCM
-scm_i_inexact_euclidean_quotient (double x, double y)
+scm_i_inexact_floor_quotient (double x, double y)
 {
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
-    return scm_from_double (floor (x / y));
-  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
-    return scm_from_double (ceil (x / y));
-  else if (y == 0)
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_quotient);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_quotient);  /* or return a NaN? */
   else
-    return scm_nan ();
+    return scm_from_double (floor (x / y));
 }
 
-/* Compute exact euclidean_quotient the slow way.
-   We use this only if both arguments are exact,
-   and at least one of them is a fraction */
 static SCM
-scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
+scm_i_exact_rational_floor_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
-  if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x) || SCM_FRACTIONP (x)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
-  else if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_positive_p (y)))
-    return scm_floor (scm_divide (x, y));
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_negative_p (y)))
-    return scm_ceiling (scm_divide (x, y));
-  else
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_quotient);
+  return scm_floor_quotient
+    (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), scm_denominator (y)),
+     scm_product (scm_numerator (y), scm_denominator (x)));
 }
 
-static SCM scm_i_inexact_euclidean_remainder (double x, double y);
-static SCM scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_floor_remainder (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_floor_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
 
-SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_remainder, "euclidean-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_floor_remainder, "floor-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
                       (SCM x, SCM y),
                       "Return the real number @var{r} such that\n"
-                      "@math{0 <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y})} and\n"
                       "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
-                      "for some integer @var{q}.\n"
+                      "where @math{@var{q} = floor(@var{x} / @var{y})}.\n"
                       "@lisp\n"
-                      "(euclidean-remainder 123 10) @result{} 3\n"
-                      "(euclidean-remainder 123 -10) @result{} 3\n"
-                      "(euclidean-remainder -123 10) @result{} 7\n"
-                      "(euclidean-remainder -123 -10) @result{} 7\n"
-                      "(euclidean-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 3.8\n"
-                      "(euclidean-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} 22/21\n"
+                      "(floor-remainder 123 10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(floor-remainder 123 -10) @result{} -7\n"
+                      "(floor-remainder -123 10) @result{} 7\n"
+                      "(floor-remainder -123 -10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(floor-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} -59.7\n"
+                      "(floor-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -8/21\n"
                       "@end lisp")
-#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_euclidean_remainder
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_floor_remainder
 {
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
     {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
       if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_remainder);
          else
            {
-             scm_t_inum rr = SCM_I_INUM (x) % yy;
-             if (rr >= 0)
-               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
-             else if (yy > 0)
-               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr + yy);
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             int needs_adjustment;
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+               needs_adjustment = (rr < 0);
              else
-               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr - yy);
+               needs_adjustment = (rr > 0);
+
+             if (needs_adjustment)
+               rr += yy;
+             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
            }
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
-         scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
-         if (xx >= 0)
-           return x;
-         else if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
+         int sign = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+         if (sign > 0)
            {
-             SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-             mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-             return scm_i_normbig (r);
+             if (xx < 0)
+               {
+                 SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+                 mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+                 return scm_i_normbig (r);
+               }
+             else
+               return x;
            }
+         else if (xx <= 0)
+           return x;
          else
            {
              SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-             mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
+             mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), xx);
              scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-             mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r));
              return scm_i_normbig (r);
            }
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_remainder
-         (SCM_I_INUM (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_remainder (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_remainder (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -1298,13 +1173,14 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_remainder, "euclidean-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_remainder);
          else
            {
              scm_t_inum rr;
-             if (yy < 0)
-               yy = -yy;
-             rr = mpz_fdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+             if (yy > 0)
+               rr = mpz_fdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+             else
+               rr = -mpz_cdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
              scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
              return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
            }
@@ -1312,165 +1188,184 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_remainder, "euclidean-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
          SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-         mpz_mod (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         mpz_fdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
          scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
          return scm_i_normbig (r);
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_remainder
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_remainder
          (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_remainder (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
          SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_remainder
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_remainder
          (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_remainder
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_remainder
          (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_remainder (x, y);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_floor_remainder);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_floor_remainder);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
 static SCM
-scm_i_inexact_euclidean_remainder (double x, double y)
+scm_i_inexact_floor_remainder (double x, double y)
 {
-  double q;
-
   /* Although it would be more efficient to use fmod here, we can't
      because it would in some cases produce results inconsistent with
-     scm_i_inexact_euclidean_quotient, such that x != q * y + r (not
-     even close).  In particular, when x is very close to a multiple of
-     y, then r might be either 0.0 or abs(y)-epsilon, but those two
-     cases must correspond to different choices of q.  If r = 0.0 then q
-     must be x/y, and if r = abs(y) then q must be (x-r)/y.  If quotient
-     chooses one and remainder chooses the other, it would be bad.  This
-     problem was observed with x = 130.0 and y = 10/7. */
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
-    q = floor (x / y);
-  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
-    q = ceil (x / y);
-  else if (y == 0)
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_remainder);  /* or return a NaN? */
+     scm_i_inexact_floor_quotient, such that x != q * y + r (not even
+     close).  In particular, when x is very close to a multiple of y,
+     then r might be either 0.0 or y, but those two cases must
+     correspond to different choices of q.  If r = 0.0 then q must be
+     x/y, and if r = y then q must be x/y-1.  If quotient chooses one
+     and remainder chooses the other, it would be bad.  */
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_remainder);  /* or return a NaN? */
   else
-    return scm_nan ();
-  return scm_from_double (x - q * y);
+    return scm_from_double (x - y * floor (x / y));
 }
 
-/* Compute exact euclidean_remainder the slow way.
-   We use this only if both arguments are exact,
-   and at least one of them is a fraction */
 static SCM
-scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
+scm_i_exact_rational_floor_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
-  SCM q;
-
-  if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x) || SCM_FRACTIONP (x)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
-  else if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_positive_p (y)))
-    q = scm_floor (scm_divide (x, y));
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_negative_p (y)))
-    q = scm_ceiling (scm_divide (x, y));
-  else
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_remainder);
-  return scm_difference (x, scm_product (y, q));
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+  SCM r1 = scm_floor_remainder (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                               scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd));
+  return scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
 }
 
 
-static SCM scm_i_inexact_euclidean_divide (double x, double y);
-static SCM scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_divide (SCM x, SCM y);
+static void scm_i_inexact_floor_divide (double x, double y,
+                                       SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+static void scm_i_exact_rational_floor_divide (SCM x, SCM y,
+                                              SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
 
-SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_divide, "euclidean/", 2, 0, 0,
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_i_floor_divide, "floor/", 2, 0, 0,
                       (SCM x, SCM y),
                       "Return the integer @var{q} and the real number @var{r}\n"
                       "such that @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
-                      "and @math{0 <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y})}.\n"
+                      "and @math{@var{q} = floor(@var{x} / @var{y})}.\n"
                       "@lisp\n"
-                      "(euclidean/ 123 10) @result{} 12 and 3\n"
-                      "(euclidean/ 123 -10) @result{} -12 and 3\n"
-                      "(euclidean/ -123 10) @result{} -13 and 7\n"
-                      "(euclidean/ -123 -10) @result{} 13 and 7\n"
-                      "(euclidean/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0 and 3.8\n"
-                      "(euclidean/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3 and 22/21\n"
+                      "(floor/ 123 10) @result{} 12 and 3\n"
+                      "(floor/ 123 -10) @result{} -13 and -7\n"
+                      "(floor/ -123 10) @result{} -13 and 7\n"
+                      "(floor/ -123 -10) @result{} 12 and -3\n"
+                      "(floor/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 1.0 and -59.7\n"
+                      "(floor/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4 and -8/21\n"
                       "@end lisp")
-#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_euclidean_divide
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_i_floor_divide
 {
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
-    {
-      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
-       {
-         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
-         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_divide);
-         else
+  SCM q, r;
+
+  scm_floor_divide(x, y, &q, &r);
+  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (q, r));
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+#define s_scm_floor_divide s_scm_i_floor_divide
+#define g_scm_floor_divide g_scm_i_floor_divide
+
+void
+scm_floor_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_divide);
+         else
            {
-             scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
              scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
-             scm_t_inum rr = xx - qq * yy;
-             if (rr < 0)
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             int needs_adjustment;
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+               needs_adjustment = (rr < 0);
+             else
+               needs_adjustment = (rr > 0);
+
+             if (needs_adjustment)
                {
-                 if (yy > 0)
-                   { rr += yy; qq--; }
-                 else
-                   { rr -= yy; qq++; }
+                 rr += yy;
+                 qq--;
                }
-             return scm_values (scm_list_2 (SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq),
-                                            SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr)));
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               *qp = scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
            }
+         return;
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
-         scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
-         if (xx >= 0)
-           return scm_values (scm_list_2 (SCM_INUM0, x));
-         else if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
+         int sign = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+         if (sign > 0)
            {
-             SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-             mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
-             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-             return scm_values
-               (scm_list_2 (SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1), scm_i_normbig (r)));
+             if (xx < 0)
+               {
+                 SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+                 mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+                 *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1);
+                 *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 *qp = SCM_INUM0;
+                 *rp = x;
+               }
+           }
+         else if (xx <= 0)
+           {
+             *qp = SCM_INUM0;
+             *rp = x;
            }
          else
            {
              SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-             mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
+             mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), xx);
              scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
-             mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r));
-             return scm_values (scm_list_2 (SCM_INUM1, scm_i_normbig (r)));
+             *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1);
+             *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
            }
+         return;
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_divide
-         (SCM_I_INUM (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_divide (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_divide (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_divide);
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_floor_divide, qp, rp);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -1478,7 +1373,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_divide, "euclidean/", 2, 0, 0,
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_divide);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_divide);
          else
            {
              SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
@@ -1488,179 +1383,1874 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_euclidean_divide, "euclidean/", 2, 0, 0,
                                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
              else
                {
-                 mpz_fdiv_qr_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                 mpz_cdiv_qr_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
                                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
                  mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
                }
              scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-             return scm_values (scm_list_2 (scm_i_normbig (q),
-                                            scm_i_normbig (r)));
+             *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+             *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
            }
+         return;
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
          SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
          SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-         if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
-           mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                        SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                      SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+         *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+         *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_divide
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_floor_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_divide
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y), qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_floor_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_floor_divide
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_floor_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_floor_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else
+    return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_floor_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                                     s_scm_floor_divide, qp, rp);
+}
+
+static void
+scm_i_inexact_floor_divide (double x, double y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_floor_divide);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    {
+      double q = floor (x / y);
+      double r = x - q * y;
+      *qp = scm_from_double (q);
+      *rp = scm_from_double (r);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+scm_i_exact_rational_floor_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  SCM r1;
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+
+  scm_floor_divide (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                   scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd),
+                   qp, &r1);
+  *rp = scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
+}
+
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_ceiling_quotient (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_ceiling_quotient, "ceiling-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the ceiling of @math{@var{x} / @var{y}}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(ceiling-quotient 123 10) @result{} 13\n"
+                      "(ceiling-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(ceiling-quotient -123 10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(ceiling-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 13\n"
+                      "(ceiling-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0\n"
+                      "(ceiling-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_ceiling_quotient
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum xx1 = xx;
+             scm_t_inum qq;
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+               {
+                 if (SCM_LIKELY (xx >= 0))
+                   xx1 = xx + yy - 1;
+               }
+             else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+               scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+             else if (xx < 0)
+               xx1 = xx + yy + 1;
+             qq = xx1 / yy;
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               return scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         int sign = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+         if (SCM_LIKELY (sign > 0))
+           {
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+               return SCM_INUM1;
+             else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (xx == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
+                      && SCM_UNLIKELY (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
+                                      - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
+               {
+                 /* Special case: x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+                 return SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1);
+               }
+             else
+               return SCM_INUM0;
+           }
+         else if (xx >= 0)
+           return SCM_INUM0;
+         else
+           return SCM_INUM1;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_quotient (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+         else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 1))
+           return x;
+         else
+           {
+             SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             if (yy > 0)
+               mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+             else
+               {
+                 mpz_fdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
+               }
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             return scm_i_normbig (q);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         mpz_cdiv_q (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+         return scm_i_normbig (q);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_quotient
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_quotient
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_quotient
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+    }
+  else
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_ceiling_quotient);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_inexact_ceiling_quotient (double x, double y)
+{
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_quotient);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    return scm_from_double (ceil (x / y));
+}
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  return scm_ceiling_quotient
+    (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), scm_denominator (y)),
+     scm_product (scm_numerator (y), scm_denominator (x)));
+}
+
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_ceiling_remainder (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_ceiling_remainder, "ceiling-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the real number @var{r} such that\n"
+                      "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+                      "where @math{@var{q} = ceiling(@var{x} / @var{y})}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(ceiling-remainder 123 10) @result{} -7\n"
+                      "(ceiling-remainder 123 -10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(ceiling-remainder -123 10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(ceiling-remainder -123 -10) @result{} 7\n"
+                      "(ceiling-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 3.8\n"
+                      "(ceiling-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} 22/21\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_ceiling_remainder
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_remainder);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             int needs_adjustment;
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+               needs_adjustment = (rr > 0);
+             else
+               needs_adjustment = (rr < 0);
+
+             if (needs_adjustment)
+               rr -= yy;
+             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         int sign = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+         if (SCM_LIKELY (sign > 0))
+           {
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+               {
+                 SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+                 mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), xx);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r));
+                 return scm_i_normbig (r);
+               }
+             else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (xx == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
+                      && SCM_UNLIKELY (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
+                                      - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
+               {
+                 /* Special case: x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+                 return SCM_INUM0;
+               }
+             else
+               return x;
+           }
+         else if (xx >= 0)
+           return x;
+         else
+           {
+             SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+             mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r));
+             return scm_i_normbig (r);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_remainder (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_remainder (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_remainder);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_remainder);
          else
-           mpz_cdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                        SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+           {
+             scm_t_inum rr;
+             if (yy > 0)
+               rr = -mpz_cdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+             else
+               rr = mpz_fdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         mpz_cdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
          scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
-         return scm_values (scm_list_2 (scm_i_normbig (q),
-                                        scm_i_normbig (r)));
+         return scm_i_normbig (r);
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_divide
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_remainder
          (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_divide (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
          SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_divide
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_remainder
          (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_euclidean_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_euclidean_divide
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_remainder
          (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_divide (x, y);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_ceiling_remainder);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_divide);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_ceiling_remainder);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
 static SCM
-scm_i_inexact_euclidean_divide (double x, double y)
+scm_i_inexact_ceiling_remainder (double x, double y)
 {
-  double q, r;
+  /* Although it would be more efficient to use fmod here, we can't
+     because it would in some cases produce results inconsistent with
+     scm_i_inexact_ceiling_quotient, such that x != q * y + r (not even
+     close).  In particular, when x is very close to a multiple of y,
+     then r might be either 0.0 or -y, but those two cases must
+     correspond to different choices of q.  If r = 0.0 then q must be
+     x/y, and if r = -y then q must be x/y+1.  If quotient chooses one
+     and remainder chooses the other, it would be bad.  */
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_remainder);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    return scm_from_double (x - y * ceil (x / y));
+}
 
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
-    q = floor (x / y);
-  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
-    q = ceil (x / y);
-  else if (y == 0)
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_divide);  /* or return a NaN? */
+static SCM
+scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+  SCM r1 = scm_ceiling_remainder (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                                 scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd));
+  return scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
+}
+
+static void scm_i_inexact_ceiling_divide (double x, double y,
+                                         SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+static void scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_divide (SCM x, SCM y,
+                                                SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_i_ceiling_divide, "ceiling/", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the integer @var{q} and the real number @var{r}\n"
+                      "such that @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+                      "and @math{@var{q} = ceiling(@var{x} / @var{y})}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(ceiling/ 123 10) @result{} 13 and -7\n"
+                      "(ceiling/ 123 -10) @result{} -12 and 3\n"
+                      "(ceiling/ -123 10) @result{} -12 and -3\n"
+                      "(ceiling/ -123 -10) @result{} 13 and 7\n"
+                      "(ceiling/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0 and 3.8\n"
+                      "(ceiling/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3 and 22/21\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_i_ceiling_divide
+{
+  SCM q, r;
+
+  scm_ceiling_divide(x, y, &q, &r);
+  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (q, r));
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+#define s_scm_ceiling_divide s_scm_i_ceiling_divide
+#define g_scm_ceiling_divide g_scm_i_ceiling_divide
+
+void
+scm_ceiling_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_divide);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             int needs_adjustment;
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+               needs_adjustment = (rr > 0);
+             else
+               needs_adjustment = (rr < 0);
+
+             if (needs_adjustment)
+               {
+                 rr -= yy;
+                 qq++;
+               }
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               *qp = scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         int sign = mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+         if (SCM_LIKELY (sign > 0))
+           {
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+               {
+                 SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+                 mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), xx);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r));
+                 *qp = SCM_INUM1;
+                 *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+               }
+             else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (xx == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
+                      && SCM_UNLIKELY (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
+                                      - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
+               {
+                 /* Special case: x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+                 *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1);
+                 *rp = SCM_INUM0;
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 *qp = SCM_INUM0;
+                 *rp = x;
+               }
+           }
+         else if (xx >= 0)
+           {
+             *qp = SCM_INUM0;
+             *rp = x;
+           }
+         else
+           {
+             SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), -xx);
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+             mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r));
+             *qp = SCM_INUM1;
+             *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_divide (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_ceiling_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_divide);
+         else
+           {
+             SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             if (yy > 0)
+               mpz_cdiv_qr_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                               SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+             else
+               {
+                 mpz_fdiv_qr_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
+               }
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+             *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         mpz_cdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                      SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+         *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+         *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_divide
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_ceiling_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_divide
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y), qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_ceiling_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_ceiling_divide
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_ceiling_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else
+    return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_ceiling_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                                     s_scm_ceiling_divide, qp, rp);
+}
+
+static void
+scm_i_inexact_ceiling_divide (double x, double y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_ceiling_divide);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    {
+      double q = ceil (x / y);
+      double r = x - q * y;
+      *qp = scm_from_double (q);
+      *rp = scm_from_double (r);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+scm_i_exact_rational_ceiling_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  SCM r1;
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+
+  scm_ceiling_divide (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                     scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd),
+                     qp, &r1);
+  *rp = scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
+}
+
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_truncate_quotient (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_truncate_quotient, "truncate-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return @math{@var{x} / @var{y}} rounded toward zero.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(truncate-quotient 123 10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(truncate-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(truncate-quotient -123 10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(truncate-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(truncate-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 1.0\n"
+                      "(truncate-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_truncate_quotient
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_quotient);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               return scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (xx == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
+             && SCM_UNLIKELY (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
+                                          - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
+           {
+             /* Special case: x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1);
+           }
+         else
+           return SCM_INUM0;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_quotient (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_quotient);
+         else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 1))
+           return x;
+         else
+           {
+             SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             if (yy > 0)
+               mpz_tdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+             else
+               {
+                 mpz_tdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
+               }
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             return scm_i_normbig (q);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         mpz_tdiv_q (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+         return scm_i_normbig (q);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_quotient
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_quotient
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_quotient
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_quotient);
+    }
+  else
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_truncate_quotient);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_inexact_truncate_quotient (double x, double y)
+{
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_quotient);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    return scm_from_double (trunc (x / y));
+}
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  return scm_truncate_quotient
+    (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), scm_denominator (y)),
+     scm_product (scm_numerator (y), scm_denominator (x)));
+}
+
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_truncate_remainder (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_truncate_remainder, "truncate-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the real number @var{r} such that\n"
+                      "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+                      "where @math{@var{q} = truncate(@var{x} / @var{y})}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(truncate-remainder 123 10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(truncate-remainder 123 -10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(truncate-remainder -123 10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(truncate-remainder -123 -10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(truncate-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} -59.7\n"
+                      "(truncate-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} 22/21\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_truncate_remainder
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_remainder);
+         else
+           return SCM_I_MAKINUM (xx % yy);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (xx == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
+             && SCM_UNLIKELY (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
+                                          - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
+           {
+             /* Special case: x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+             return SCM_INUM0;
+           }
+         else
+           return x;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_remainder (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_remainder (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_remainder);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_remainder);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum rr = (mpz_tdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
+                                           (yy > 0) ? yy : -yy)
+                              * mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x)));
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         mpz_tdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+         return scm_i_normbig (r);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_remainder
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_remainder (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_remainder);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_remainder
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_remainder);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_remainder
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_remainder (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_truncate_remainder);
+    }
+  else
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_truncate_remainder);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_inexact_truncate_remainder (double x, double y)
+{
+  /* Although it would be more efficient to use fmod here, we can't
+     because it would in some cases produce results inconsistent with
+     scm_i_inexact_truncate_quotient, such that x != q * y + r (not even
+     close).  In particular, when x is very close to a multiple of y,
+     then r might be either 0.0 or sgn(x)*|y|, but those two cases must
+     correspond to different choices of q.  If quotient chooses one and
+     remainder chooses the other, it would be bad.  */
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_remainder);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    return scm_from_double (x - y * trunc (x / y));
+}
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+  SCM r1 = scm_truncate_remainder (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                                  scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd));
+  return scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
+}
+
+
+static void scm_i_inexact_truncate_divide (double x, double y,
+                                          SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+static void scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_divide (SCM x, SCM y,
+                                                 SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_i_truncate_divide, "truncate/", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the integer @var{q} and the real number @var{r}\n"
+                      "such that @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+                      "and @math{@var{q} = truncate(@var{x} / @var{y})}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(truncate/ 123 10) @result{} 12 and 3\n"
+                      "(truncate/ 123 -10) @result{} -12 and 3\n"
+                      "(truncate/ -123 10) @result{} -12 and -3\n"
+                      "(truncate/ -123 -10) @result{} 12 and -3\n"
+                      "(truncate/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 1.0 and -59.7\n"
+                      "(truncate/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -3 and 22/21\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_i_truncate_divide
+{
+  SCM q, r;
+
+  scm_truncate_divide(x, y, &q, &r);
+  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (q, r));
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+#define s_scm_truncate_divide s_scm_i_truncate_divide
+#define g_scm_truncate_divide g_scm_i_truncate_divide
+
+void
+scm_truncate_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_divide);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               *qp = scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (xx == SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM)
+             && SCM_UNLIKELY (mpz_cmp_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y),
+                                          - SCM_MOST_NEGATIVE_FIXNUM) == 0))
+           {
+             /* Special case: x == fixnum-min && y == abs (fixnum-min) */
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
+             *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (-1);
+             *rp = SCM_INUM0;
+           }
+         else
+           {
+             *qp = SCM_INUM0;
+             *rp = x;
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_divide (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_truncate_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_truncate_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_divide);
+         else
+           {
+             SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             scm_t_inum rr;
+             if (yy > 0)
+               rr = mpz_tdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                   SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+             else
+               {
+                 rr = mpz_tdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
+               }
+             rr *= mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x));
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         SCM r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+         mpz_tdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                      SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+         scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+         *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+         *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_divide
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_truncate_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_truncate_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_divide
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y), qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_truncate_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_truncate_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_truncate_divide
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_truncate_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_truncate_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else
+    return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_truncate_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                                     s_scm_truncate_divide, qp, rp);
+}
+
+static void
+scm_i_inexact_truncate_divide (double x, double y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_truncate_divide);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    {
+      double q = trunc (x / y);
+      double r = x - q * y;
+      *qp = scm_from_double (q);
+      *rp = scm_from_double (r);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+scm_i_exact_rational_truncate_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  SCM r1;
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+
+  scm_truncate_divide (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                      scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd),
+                      qp, &r1);
+  *rp = scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
+}
+
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_quotient, "centered-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the integer @var{q} such that\n"
+                      "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}} where\n"
+                      "@math{-abs(@var{y}/2) <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y}/2)}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(centered-quotient 123 10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(centered-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(centered-quotient -123 10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(centered-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(centered-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0\n"
+                      "(centered-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_centered_quotient
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_quotient);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+               {
+                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+                   {
+                     if (rr >= (yy + 1) / 2)
+                       qq++;
+                   }
+                 else
+                   {
+                     if (rr >= (1 - yy) / 2)
+                       qq--;
+                   }
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+                   {
+                     if (rr < -yy / 2)
+                       qq--;
+                   }
+                 else
+                   {
+                     if (rr < yy / 2)
+                       qq++;
+                   }
+               }
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               return scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         /* Pass a denormalized bignum version of x (even though it
+            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient */
+         return scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient (scm_i_long2big (xx), y);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_quotient);
+         else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 1))
+           return x;
+         else
+           {
+             SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             scm_t_inum rr;
+             /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
+                because that simplifies the test to see
+                if it is within the needed bounds. */
+             if (yy > 0)
+               {
+                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+                 if (rr < -yy / 2)
+                   mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                               SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
+                 if (rr < yy / 2)
+                   mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                               SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+               }
+             return scm_i_normbig (q);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       return scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient (x, y);
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_quotient);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_quotient (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_quotient);
+    }
+  else
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_centered_quotient);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient (double x, double y)
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
+    return scm_from_double (floor (x/y + 0.5));
+  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
+    return scm_from_double (ceil (x/y - 0.5));
+  else if (y == 0)
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_quotient);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    return scm_nan ();
+}
+
+/* Assumes that both x and y are bigints, though
+   x might be able to fit into a fixnum. */
+static SCM
+scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  SCM q, r, min_r;
+
+  /* Note that x might be small enough to fit into a
+     fixnum, so we must not let it escape into the wild */
+  q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+
+  /* min_r will eventually become -abs(y)/2 */
+  min_r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), 1);
+
+  /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
+     because that simplifies the test to see
+     if it is within the needed bounds. */
+  if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
+    {
+      mpz_cdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+      scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+      mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r));
+      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
+       mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                   SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+      scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
+       mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                   SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+    }
+  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (r, min_r);
+  return scm_i_normbig (q);
+}
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_exact_rational_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  return scm_centered_quotient
+    (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), scm_denominator (y)),
+     scm_product (scm_numerator (y), scm_denominator (x)));
+}
+
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_remainder, "centered-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the real number @var{r} such that\n"
+                      "@math{-abs(@var{y}/2) <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y}/2)}\n"
+                      "and @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+                      "for some integer @var{q}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(centered-remainder 123 10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(centered-remainder 123 -10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(centered-remainder -123 10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(centered-remainder -123 -10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(centered-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 3.8\n"
+                      "(centered-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -8/21\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_centered_remainder
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_remainder);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+               {
+                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+                   {
+                     if (rr >= (yy + 1) / 2)
+                       rr -= yy;
+                   }
+                 else
+                   {
+                     if (rr >= (1 - yy) / 2)
+                       rr += yy;
+                   }
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+                   {
+                     if (rr < -yy / 2)
+                       rr += yy;
+                   }
+                 else
+                   {
+                     if (rr < yy / 2)
+                       rr -= yy;
+                   }
+               }
+             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         /* Pass a denormalized bignum version of x (even though it
+            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder */
+         return scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder (scm_i_long2big (xx), y);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_remainder (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_remainder);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_remainder);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum rr;
+             /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
+                because that simplifies the test to see
+                if it is within the needed bounds. */
+             if (yy > 0)
+               {
+                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+                 if (rr < -yy / 2)
+                   rr += yy;
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+                 if (rr < yy / 2)
+                   rr -= yy;
+               }
+             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       return scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder (x, y);
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_remainder (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_remainder);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_remainder);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_remainder (x, y);
+      else
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_centered_remainder);
+    }
+  else
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_centered_remainder);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder (double x, double y)
+{
+  double q;
+
+  /* Although it would be more efficient to use fmod here, we can't
+     because it would in some cases produce results inconsistent with
+     scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient, such that x != r + q * y (not even
+     close).  In particular, when x-y/2 is very close to a multiple of
+     y, then r might be either -abs(y/2) or abs(y/2)-epsilon, but those
+     two cases must correspond to different choices of q.  If quotient
+     chooses one and remainder chooses the other, it would be bad. */
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
+    q = floor (x/y + 0.5);
+  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
+    q = ceil (x/y - 0.5);
+  else if (y == 0)
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_remainder);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    return scm_nan ();
+  return scm_from_double (x - q * y);
+}
+
+/* Assumes that both x and y are bigints, though
+   x might be able to fit into a fixnum. */
+static SCM
+scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  SCM r, min_r;
+
+  /* Note that x might be small enough to fit into a
+     fixnum, so we must not let it escape into the wild */
+  r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+
+  /* min_r will eventually become -abs(y)/2 */
+  min_r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), 1);
+
+  /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
+     because that simplifies the test to see
+     if it is within the needed bounds. */
+  if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
+    {
+      mpz_cdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+      mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r));
+      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
+       mpz_add (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      mpz_fdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
+       mpz_sub (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+    }
+  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+  return scm_i_normbig (r);
+}
+
+static SCM
+scm_i_exact_rational_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
+{
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+  SCM r1 = scm_centered_remainder (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                                  scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd));
+  return scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
+}
+
+
+static void scm_i_inexact_centered_divide (double x, double y,
+                                          SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+static void scm_i_bigint_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+static void scm_i_exact_rational_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y,
+                                                 SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_i_centered_divide, "centered/", 2, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x, SCM y),
+                      "Return the integer @var{q} and the real number @var{r}\n"
+                      "such that @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
+                      "and @math{-abs(@var{y}/2) <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y}/2)}.\n"
+                      "@lisp\n"
+                      "(centered/ 123 10) @result{} 12 and 3\n"
+                      "(centered/ 123 -10) @result{} -12 and 3\n"
+                      "(centered/ -123 10) @result{} -12 and -3\n"
+                      "(centered/ -123 -10) @result{} 12 and -3\n"
+                      "(centered/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0 and 3.8\n"
+                      "(centered/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4 and -8/21\n"
+                      "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_i_centered_divide
+{
+  SCM q, r;
+
+  scm_centered_divide(x, y, &q, &r);
+  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (q, r));
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+#define s_scm_centered_divide s_scm_i_centered_divide
+#define g_scm_centered_divide g_scm_i_centered_divide
+
+void
+scm_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_divide);
+         else
+           {
+             scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+               {
+                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+                   {
+                     if (rr >= (yy + 1) / 2)
+                       { qq++; rr -= yy; }
+                   }
+                 else
+                   {
+                     if (rr >= (1 - yy) / 2)
+                       { qq--; rr += yy; }
+                   }
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
+                   {
+                     if (rr < -yy / 2)
+                       { qq--; rr += yy; }
+                   }
+                 else
+                   {
+                     if (rr < yy / 2)
+                       { qq++; rr -= yy; }
+                   }
+               }
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               *qp = scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       {
+         /* Pass a denormalized bignum version of x (even though it
+            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_centered_divide */
+         return scm_i_bigint_centered_divide (scm_i_long2big (xx), y, qp, rp);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_centered_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
+       {
+         scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
+         if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_divide);
+         else
+           {
+             SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+             scm_t_inum rr;
+             /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
+                because that simplifies the test to see
+                if it is within the needed bounds. */
+             if (yy > 0)
+               {
+                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+                 if (rr < -yy / 2)
+                   {
+                     mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+                     rr += yy;
+                   }
+               }
+             else
+               {
+                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+                 mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
+                 if (rr < yy / 2)
+                   {
+                     mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+                     rr -= yy;
+                   }
+               }
+             *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
+           }
+         return;
+       }
+      else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
+       return scm_i_bigint_centered_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_centered_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
+         SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y), qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_centered_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    {
+      if (SCM_REALP (y))
+       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_centered_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2
+         (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+          s_scm_centered_divide, qp, rp);
+    }
+  else
+    return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                                     s_scm_centered_divide, qp, rp);
+}
+
+static void
+scm_i_inexact_centered_divide (double x, double y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  double q, r;
+
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
+    q = floor (x/y + 0.5);
+  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
+    q = ceil (x/y - 0.5);
+  else if (y == 0)
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_divide);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  else
+    q = guile_NaN;
+  r = x - q * y;
+  *qp = scm_from_double (q);
+  *rp = scm_from_double (r);
+}
+
+/* Assumes that both x and y are bigints, though
+   x might be able to fit into a fixnum. */
+static void
+scm_i_bigint_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  SCM q, r, min_r;
+
+  /* Note that x might be small enough to fit into a
+     fixnum, so we must not let it escape into the wild */
+  q = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+
+  /* min_r will eventually become -abs(y/2) */
+  min_r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), 1);
+
+  /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
+     because that simplifies the test to see
+     if it is within the needed bounds. */
+  if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
+    {
+      mpz_cdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+      mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r));
+      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
+       {
+         mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+         mpz_add (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+       }
+    }
   else
-    q = guile_NaN;
-  r = x - q * y;
-  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (scm_from_double (q),
-                                scm_from_double (r)));
+    {
+      mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
+       {
+         mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+         mpz_sub (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+       }
+    }
+  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+  *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+  *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
 }
 
-/* Compute exact euclidean quotient and remainder the slow way.
-   We use this only if both arguments are exact,
-   and at least one of them is a fraction */
-static SCM
-scm_i_slow_exact_euclidean_divide (SCM x, SCM y)
+static void
+scm_i_exact_rational_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
 {
-  SCM q, r;
+  SCM r1;
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
 
-  if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x) || SCM_FRACTIONP (x)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_divide);
-  else if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_euclidean_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                       s_scm_euclidean_divide);
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_positive_p (y)))
-    q = scm_floor (scm_divide (x, y));
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_negative_p (y)))
-    q = scm_ceiling (scm_divide (x, y));
-  else
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_euclidean_divide);
-  r = scm_difference (x, scm_product (q, y));
-  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (q, r));
+  scm_centered_divide (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                      scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd),
+                      qp, &r1);
+  *rp = scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
 }
 
-static SCM scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient (double x, double y);
-static SCM scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
-static SCM scm_i_slow_exact_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_round_quotient (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_bigint_round_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_round_quotient (SCM x, SCM y);
 
-SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_quotient, "centered-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_round_quotient, "round-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
                       (SCM x, SCM y),
-                      "Return the integer @var{q} such that\n"
-                      "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}} where\n"
-                      "@math{-abs(@var{y}/2) <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y}/2)}.\n"
+                      "Return @math{@var{x} / @var{y}} to the nearest integer,\n"
+                      "with ties going to the nearest even integer.\n"
                       "@lisp\n"
-                      "(centered-quotient 123 10) @result{} 12\n"
-                      "(centered-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -12\n"
-                      "(centered-quotient -123 10) @result{} -12\n"
-                      "(centered-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 12\n"
-                      "(centered-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0\n"
-                      "(centered-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4\n"
+                      "(round-quotient 123 10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(round-quotient 123 -10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(round-quotient -123 10) @result{} -12\n"
+                      "(round-quotient -123 -10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(round-quotient 125 10) @result{} 12\n"
+                      "(round-quotient 127 10) @result{} 13\n"
+                      "(round-quotient 135 10) @result{} 14\n"
+                      "(round-quotient -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0\n"
+                      "(round-quotient 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4\n"
                       "@end lisp")
-#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_centered_quotient
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_round_quotient
 {
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
     {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
       if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_quotient);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_quotient);
          else
            {
-             scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
              scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
-             scm_t_inum rr = xx - qq * yy;
-             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             scm_t_inum ay = yy;
+             scm_t_inum r2 = 2 * rr;
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy < 0))
                {
-                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
-                   {
-                     if (rr >= (yy + 1) / 2)
-                       qq++;
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     if (rr >= (1 - yy) / 2)
-                       qq--;
-                   }
+                 ay = -ay;
+                 r2 = -r2;
+               }
+
+             if (qq & 1L)
+               {
+                 if (r2 >= ay)
+                   qq++;
+                 else if (r2 <= -ay)
+                   qq--;
                }
              else
                {
-                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
-                   {
-                     if (rr < -yy / 2)
-                       qq--;
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     if (rr < yy / 2)
-                       qq++;
-                   }
+                 if (r2 > ay)
+                   qq++;
+                 else if (r2 < -ay)
+                   qq--;
                }
-             return SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               return SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               return scm_i_inum2big (qq);
            }
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
          /* Pass a denormalized bignum version of x (even though it
-            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient */
-         return scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient
-           (scm_i_long2big (SCM_I_INUM (x)), y);
+            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_round_quotient */
+         return scm_i_bigint_round_quotient (scm_i_long2big (xx), y);
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient
-         (SCM_I_INUM (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_quotient (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_quotient (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_quotient (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_quotient);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_quotient);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -1668,205 +3258,185 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_quotient, "centered-quotient", 2, 0, 0,
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_quotient);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_quotient);
+         else if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 1))
+           return x;
          else
            {
              SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
              scm_t_inum rr;
-             /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
-                because that simplifies the test to see
-                if it is within the needed bounds. */
+             int needs_adjustment;
+
              if (yy > 0)
                {
-                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-                 if (rr < -yy / 2)
-                   mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                               SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+                 rr = mpz_fdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+                 if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr >= yy);
+                 else
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr > yy);
                }
              else
                {
                  rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
                                        SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
                  mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
-                 if (rr < yy / 2)
-                   mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                               SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+                 if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr <= yy);
+                 else
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr < yy);
                }
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             if (needs_adjustment)
+               mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
              return scm_i_normbig (q);
            }
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       return scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient (x, y);
+       return scm_i_bigint_round_quotient (x, y);
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_quotient
          (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_quotient (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_quotient (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_quotient);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_quotient);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
          SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_quotient
          (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_quotient);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_quotient);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_quotient
          (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_quotient (x, y);
       else
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_quotient (x, y);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_quotient);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_centered_quotient);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_round_quotient);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
 static SCM
-scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient (double x, double y)
+scm_i_inexact_round_quotient (double x, double y)
 {
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
-    return scm_from_double (floor (x/y + 0.5));
-  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
-    return scm_from_double (ceil (x/y - 0.5));
-  else if (y == 0)
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_quotient);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_quotient);  /* or return a NaN? */
   else
-    return scm_nan ();
+    return scm_from_double (scm_c_round (x / y));
 }
 
 /* Assumes that both x and y are bigints, though
    x might be able to fit into a fixnum. */
 static SCM
-scm_i_bigint_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
+scm_i_bigint_round_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
-  SCM q, r, min_r;
+  SCM q, r, r2;
+  int cmp, needs_adjustment;
 
   /* Note that x might be small enough to fit into a
      fixnum, so we must not let it escape into the wild */
   q = scm_i_mkbig ();
   r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  r2 = scm_i_mkbig ();
 
-  /* min_r will eventually become -abs(y)/2 */
-  min_r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-  mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), 1);
+  mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+              SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+  mpz_mul_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r2), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), 1);  /* r2 = 2*r */
+  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, r);
 
-  /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
-     because that simplifies the test to see
-     if it is within the needed bounds. */
-  if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
-    {
-      mpz_cdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-      scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
-      mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r));
-      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
-       mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                   SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
-    }
+  cmp = mpz_cmpabs (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r2), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+  if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+    needs_adjustment = (cmp >= 0);
   else
-    {
-      mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-      scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
-      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
-       mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                   SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
-    }
-  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (r, min_r);
+    needs_adjustment = (cmp > 0);
+  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (r2, y);
+
+  if (needs_adjustment)
+    mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+
   return scm_i_normbig (q);
 }
 
-/* Compute exact centered quotient the slow way.
-   We use this only if both arguments are exact,
-   and at least one of them is a fraction */
 static SCM
-scm_i_slow_exact_centered_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
+scm_i_exact_rational_round_quotient (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
-  if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x) || SCM_FRACTIONP (x)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_centered_quotient);
-  else if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_quotient, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                       s_scm_centered_quotient);
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_positive_p (y)))
-    return scm_floor (scm_sum (scm_divide (x, y),
-                              exactly_one_half));
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_negative_p (y)))
-    return scm_ceiling (scm_difference (scm_divide (x, y),
-                                       exactly_one_half));
-  else
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_quotient);
+  return scm_round_quotient
+    (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), scm_denominator (y)),
+     scm_product (scm_numerator (y), scm_denominator (x)));
 }
 
-static SCM scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder (double x, double y);
-static SCM scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
-static SCM scm_i_slow_exact_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
+static SCM scm_i_inexact_round_remainder (double x, double y);
+static SCM scm_i_bigint_round_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
+static SCM scm_i_exact_rational_round_remainder (SCM x, SCM y);
 
-SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_remainder, "centered-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_round_remainder, "round-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
                       (SCM x, SCM y),
                       "Return the real number @var{r} such that\n"
-                      "@math{-abs(@var{y}/2) <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y}/2)}\n"
-                      "and @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
-                      "for some integer @var{q}.\n"
+                      "@math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}, where\n"
+                      "@var{q} is @math{@var{x} / @var{y}} rounded to the\n"
+                      "nearest integer, with ties going to the nearest\n"
+                      "even integer.\n"
                       "@lisp\n"
-                      "(centered-remainder 123 10) @result{} 3\n"
-                      "(centered-remainder 123 -10) @result{} 3\n"
-                      "(centered-remainder -123 10) @result{} -3\n"
-                      "(centered-remainder -123 -10) @result{} -3\n"
-                      "(centered-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 3.8\n"
-                      "(centered-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -8/21\n"
+                      "(round-remainder 123 10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(round-remainder 123 -10) @result{} 3\n"
+                      "(round-remainder -123 10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(round-remainder -123 -10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(round-remainder 125 10) @result{} 5\n"
+                      "(round-remainder 127 10) @result{} -3\n"
+                      "(round-remainder 135 10) @result{} -5\n"
+                      "(round-remainder -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 3.8\n"
+                      "(round-remainder 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -8/21\n"
                       "@end lisp")
-#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_centered_remainder
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_round_remainder
 {
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
     {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
       if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_remainder);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_remainder);
          else
            {
-             scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
+             scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
              scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
-             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+             scm_t_inum ay = yy;
+             scm_t_inum r2 = 2 * rr;
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy < 0))
                {
-                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
-                   {
-                     if (rr >= (yy + 1) / 2)
-                       rr -= yy;
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     if (rr >= (1 - yy) / 2)
-                       rr += yy;
-                   }
+                 ay = -ay;
+                 r2 = -r2;
+               }
+
+             if (qq & 1L)
+               {
+                 if (r2 >= ay)
+                   rr -= yy;
+                 else if (r2 <= -ay)
+                   rr += yy;
                }
              else
                {
-                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
-                   {
-                     if (rr < -yy / 2)
-                       rr += yy;
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     if (rr < yy / 2)
-                       rr -= yy;
-                   }
+                 if (r2 > ay)
+                   rr -= yy;
+                 else if (r2 < -ay)
+                   rr += yy;
                }
              return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
            }
@@ -1874,18 +3444,17 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_remainder, "centered-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
          /* Pass a denormalized bignum version of x (even though it
-            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder */
-         return scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder
-           (scm_i_long2big (SCM_I_INUM (x)), y);
+            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_round_remainder */
+         return scm_i_bigint_round_remainder
+           (scm_i_long2big (xx), y);
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder
-         (SCM_I_INUM (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_remainder (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_remainder (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_remainder);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -1893,230 +3462,232 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_remainder, "centered-remainder", 2, 0, 0,
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_remainder);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_remainder);
          else
            {
+             SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
              scm_t_inum rr;
-             /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
-                because that simplifies the test to see
-                if it is within the needed bounds. */
+             int needs_adjustment;
+
              if (yy > 0)
                {
-                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-                 if (rr < -yy / 2)
-                   rr += yy;
+                 rr = mpz_fdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+                 if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr >= yy);
+                 else
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr > yy);
                }
              else
                {
-                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-                 if (rr < yy / 2)
-                   rr -= yy;
+                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
+                 if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr <= yy);
+                 else
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr < yy);
                }
+             scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, q);
+             if (needs_adjustment)
+               rr -= yy;
              return SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
            }
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       return scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder (x, y);
+       return scm_i_bigint_round_remainder (x, y);
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_remainder
          (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_remainder (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_remainder);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
          SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_remainder
          (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_remainder);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_remainder);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_remainder
          (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_remainder (x, y);
       else
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_remainder (x, y);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                   s_scm_round_remainder);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_centered_remainder);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_round_remainder);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
 static SCM
-scm_i_inexact_centered_remainder (double x, double y)
+scm_i_inexact_round_remainder (double x, double y)
 {
-  double q;
-
   /* Although it would be more efficient to use fmod here, we can't
      because it would in some cases produce results inconsistent with
-     scm_i_inexact_centered_quotient, such that x != r + q * y (not even
+     scm_i_inexact_round_quotient, such that x != r + q * y (not even
      close).  In particular, when x-y/2 is very close to a multiple of
-     y, then r might be either -abs(y/2) or abs(y/2)-epsilon, but those
-     two cases must correspond to different choices of q.  If quotient
+     y, then r might be either -abs(y/2) or abs(y/2), but those two
+     cases must correspond to different choices of q.  If quotient
      chooses one and remainder chooses the other, it would be bad. */
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
-    q = floor (x/y + 0.5);
-  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
-    q = ceil (x/y - 0.5);
-  else if (y == 0)
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_remainder);  /* or return a NaN? */
+
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_remainder);  /* or return a NaN? */
   else
-    return scm_nan ();
-  return scm_from_double (x - q * y);
+    {
+      double q = scm_c_round (x / y);
+      return scm_from_double (x - q * y);
+    }
 }
 
 /* Assumes that both x and y are bigints, though
    x might be able to fit into a fixnum. */
 static SCM
-scm_i_bigint_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
+scm_i_bigint_round_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
-  SCM r, min_r;
+  SCM q, r, r2;
+  int cmp, needs_adjustment;
 
   /* Note that x might be small enough to fit into a
      fixnum, so we must not let it escape into the wild */
+  q = scm_i_mkbig ();
   r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  r2 = scm_i_mkbig ();
 
-  /* min_r will eventually become -abs(y)/2 */
-  min_r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-  mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), 1);
+  mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+              SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+  scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+  mpz_mul_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r2), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), 1);  /* r2 = 2*r */
 
-  /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
-     because that simplifies the test to see
-     if it is within the needed bounds. */
-  if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
-    {
-      mpz_cdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-      mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r));
-      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
-       mpz_add (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-    }
+  cmp = mpz_cmpabs (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r2), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+  if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+    needs_adjustment = (cmp >= 0);
   else
-    {
-      mpz_fdiv_r (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
-       mpz_sub (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-    }
-  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
+    needs_adjustment = (cmp > 0);
+  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (q, r2);
+
+  if (needs_adjustment)
+    mpz_sub (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+
+  scm_remember_upto_here_1 (y);
   return scm_i_normbig (r);
 }
 
-/* Compute exact centered_remainder the slow way.
-   We use this only if both arguments are exact,
-   and at least one of them is a fraction */
 static SCM
-scm_i_slow_exact_centered_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
+scm_i_exact_rational_round_remainder (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
-  SCM q;
-
-  if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x) || SCM_FRACTIONP (x)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_centered_remainder);
-  else if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_remainder, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                       s_scm_centered_remainder);
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_positive_p (y)))
-    q = scm_floor (scm_sum (scm_divide (x, y), exactly_one_half));
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_negative_p (y)))
-    q = scm_ceiling (scm_difference (scm_divide (x, y), exactly_one_half));
-  else
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_remainder);
-  return scm_difference (x, scm_product (y, q));
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
+  SCM r1 = scm_round_remainder (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                               scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd));
+  return scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
 }
 
 
-static SCM scm_i_inexact_centered_divide (double x, double y);
-static SCM scm_i_bigint_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y);
-static SCM scm_i_slow_exact_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y);
+static void scm_i_inexact_round_divide (double x, double y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+static void scm_i_bigint_round_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
+static void scm_i_exact_rational_round_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp);
 
-SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_divide, "centered/", 2, 0, 0,
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_i_round_divide, "round/", 2, 0, 0,
                       (SCM x, SCM y),
                       "Return the integer @var{q} and the real number @var{r}\n"
                       "such that @math{@var{x} = @var{q}*@var{y} + @var{r}}\n"
-                      "and @math{-abs(@var{y}/2) <= @var{r} < abs(@var{y}/2)}.\n"
+                      "and @var{q} is @math{@var{x} / @var{y}} rounded to the\n"
+                      "nearest integer, with ties going to the nearest even integer.\n"
                       "@lisp\n"
-                      "(centered/ 123 10) @result{} 12 and 3\n"
-                      "(centered/ 123 -10) @result{} -12 and 3\n"
-                      "(centered/ -123 10) @result{} -12 and -3\n"
-                      "(centered/ -123 -10) @result{} 12 and -3\n"
-                      "(centered/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0 and 3.8\n"
-                      "(centered/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4 and -8/21\n"
+                      "(round/ 123 10) @result{} 12 and 3\n"
+                      "(round/ 123 -10) @result{} -12 and 3\n"
+                      "(round/ -123 10) @result{} -12 and -3\n"
+                      "(round/ -123 -10) @result{} 12 and -3\n"
+                      "(round/ 125 10) @result{} 12 and 5\n"
+                      "(round/ 127 10) @result{} 13 and -3\n"
+                      "(round/ 135 10) @result{} 14 and -5\n"
+                      "(round/ -123.2 -63.5) @result{} 2.0 and 3.8\n"
+                      "(round/ 16/3 -10/7) @result{} -4 and -8/21\n"
                       "@end lisp")
-#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_centered_divide
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_i_round_divide
+{
+  SCM q, r;
+
+  scm_round_divide(x, y, &q, &r);
+  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (q, r));
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+#define s_scm_round_divide s_scm_i_round_divide
+#define g_scm_round_divide g_scm_i_round_divide
+
+void
+scm_round_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
 {
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
     {
+      scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
       if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (y)))
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_divide);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_divide);
          else
            {
-             scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
              scm_t_inum qq = xx / yy;
-             scm_t_inum rr = xx - qq * yy;
-             if (SCM_LIKELY (xx > 0))
+             scm_t_inum rr = xx % yy;
+             scm_t_inum ay = yy;
+             scm_t_inum r2 = 2 * rr;
+
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (yy < 0))
                {
-                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
-                   {
-                     if (rr >= (yy + 1) / 2)
-                       { qq++; rr -= yy; }
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     if (rr >= (1 - yy) / 2)
-                       { qq--; rr += yy; }
-                   }
+                 ay = -ay;
+                 r2 = -r2;
+               }
+
+             if (qq & 1L)
+               {
+                 if (r2 >= ay)
+                   { qq++; rr -= yy; }
+                 else if (r2 <= -ay)
+                   { qq--; rr += yy; }
                }
              else
                {
-                 if (SCM_LIKELY (yy > 0))
-                   {
-                     if (rr < -yy / 2)
-                       { qq--; rr += yy; }
-                   }
-                 else
-                   {
-                     if (rr < yy / 2)
-                       { qq++; rr -= yy; }
-                   }
+                 if (r2 > ay)
+                   { qq++; rr -= yy; }
+                 else if (r2 < -ay)
+                   { qq--; rr += yy; }
                }
-             return scm_values (scm_list_2 (SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq),
-                                            SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr)));
+             if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_FIXABLE (qq)))
+               *qp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (qq);
+             else
+               *qp = scm_i_inum2big (qq);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
            }
+         return;
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
        {
          /* Pass a denormalized bignum version of x (even though it
-            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_centered_divide */
-         return scm_i_bigint_centered_divide
-           (scm_i_long2big (SCM_I_INUM (x)), y);
+            can fit in a fixnum) to scm_i_bigint_round_divide */
+         return scm_i_bigint_round_divide
+           (scm_i_long2big (SCM_I_INUM (x)), y, qp, rp);
        }
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide
-         (SCM_I_INUM (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_divide (xx, SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_divide (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_divide);
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_round_divide, qp, rp);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -2124,172 +3695,141 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_centered_divide, "centered/", 2, 0, 0,
        {
          scm_t_inum yy = SCM_I_INUM (y);
          if (SCM_UNLIKELY (yy == 0))
-           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_divide);
+           scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_divide);
          else
            {
              SCM q = scm_i_mkbig ();
              scm_t_inum rr;
-             /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
-                because that simplifies the test to see
-                if it is within the needed bounds. */
+             int needs_adjustment;
+
              if (yy > 0)
                {
-                 rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                                       SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
-                 if (rr < -yy / 2)
-                   {
-                     mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
-                     rr += yy;
-                   }
+                 rr = mpz_fdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
+                                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), yy);
+                 if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr >= yy);
+                 else
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr > yy);
                }
              else
                {
                  rr = - mpz_cdiv_q_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
                                        SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), -yy);
-                 scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
                  mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q));
-                 if (rr < yy / 2)
-                   {
-                     mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                                 SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
-                     rr -= yy;
-                   }
+                 if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr <= yy);
+                 else
+                   needs_adjustment = (2*rr < yy);
+               }
+             scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+             if (needs_adjustment)
+               {
+                 mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+                 rr -= yy;
                }
-             return scm_values (scm_list_2 (scm_i_normbig (q),
-                                            SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr)));
+             *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+             *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (rr);
            }
+         return;
        }
       else if (SCM_BIGP (y))
-       return scm_i_bigint_centered_divide (x, y);
+       return scm_i_bigint_round_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
       else if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide
-         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_divide
+         (scm_i_big2dbl (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_divide (x, y);
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_divide);
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_round_divide, qp, rp);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y) || SCM_I_INUMP (y) ||
          SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide
-         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y));
-     else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                           s_scm_centered_divide);
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_divide
+         (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x), scm_to_double (y), qp, rp);
+      else
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_round_divide, qp, rp);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
       if (SCM_REALP (y))
-       return scm_i_inexact_centered_divide
-         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y));
+       return scm_i_inexact_round_divide
+         (scm_i_fraction2double (x), SCM_REAL_VALUE (y), qp, rp);
+      else if (SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
+       return scm_i_exact_rational_round_divide (x, y, qp, rp);
       else
-       return scm_i_slow_exact_centered_divide (x, y);
+       return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
+                                         s_scm_round_divide, qp, rp);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_centered_divide);
+    return two_valued_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_round_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                                     s_scm_round_divide, qp, rp);
 }
-#undef FUNC_NAME
 
-static SCM
-scm_i_inexact_centered_divide (double x, double y)
+static void
+scm_i_inexact_round_divide (double x, double y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
 {
-  double q, r;
-
-  if (SCM_LIKELY (y > 0))
-    q = floor (x/y + 0.5);
-  else if (SCM_LIKELY (y < 0))
-    q = ceil (x/y - 0.5);
-  else if (y == 0)
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_divide);  /* or return a NaN? */
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (y == 0))
+    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_round_divide);  /* or return a NaN? */
   else
-    q = guile_NaN;
-  r = x - q * y;
-  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (scm_from_double (q),
-                                scm_from_double (r)));
+    {
+      double q = scm_c_round (x / y);
+      double r = x - q * y;
+      *qp = scm_from_double (q);
+      *rp = scm_from_double (r);
+    }
 }
 
 /* Assumes that both x and y are bigints, though
    x might be able to fit into a fixnum. */
-static SCM
-scm_i_bigint_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y)
+static void
+scm_i_bigint_round_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
 {
-  SCM q, r, min_r;
+  SCM q, r, r2;
+  int cmp, needs_adjustment;
 
   /* Note that x might be small enough to fit into a
      fixnum, so we must not let it escape into the wild */
   q = scm_i_mkbig ();
   r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+  r2 = scm_i_mkbig ();
 
-  /* min_r will eventually become -abs(y/2) */
-  min_r = scm_i_mkbig ();
-  mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y), 1);
+  mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
+              SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+  scm_remember_upto_here_1 (x);
+  mpz_mul_2exp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r2), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), 1);  /* r2 = 2*r */
 
-  /* Arrange for rr to initially be non-positive,
-     because that simplifies the test to see
-     if it is within the needed bounds. */
-  if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y)) > 0)
-    {
-      mpz_cdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-      mpz_neg (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r));
-      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
-       {
-         mpz_sub_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
-         mpz_add (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-       }
-    }
+  cmp = mpz_cmpabs (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r2), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
+  if (mpz_odd_p (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q)))
+    needs_adjustment = (cmp >= 0);
   else
+    needs_adjustment = (cmp > 0);
+
+  if (needs_adjustment)
     {
-      mpz_fdiv_qr (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (x), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-      if (mpz_cmp (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (min_r)) < 0)
-       {
-         mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q),
-                     SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
-         mpz_sub (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r),
-                  SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
-       }
+      mpz_add_ui (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (q), 1);
+      mpz_sub (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (y));
     }
-  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (x, y);
-  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (scm_i_normbig (q),
-                                scm_i_normbig (r)));
+
+  scm_remember_upto_here_2 (r2, y);
+  *qp = scm_i_normbig (q);
+  *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
 }
 
-/* Compute exact centered quotient and remainder the slow way.
-   We use this only if both arguments are exact,
-   and at least one of them is a fraction */
-static SCM
-scm_i_slow_exact_centered_divide (SCM x, SCM y)
+static void
+scm_i_exact_rational_round_divide (SCM x, SCM y, SCM *qp, SCM *rp)
 {
-  SCM q, r;
+  SCM r1;
+  SCM xd = scm_denominator (x);
+  SCM yd = scm_denominator (y);
 
-  if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x) || SCM_FRACTIONP (x)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
-                       s_scm_centered_divide);
-  else if (!(SCM_I_INUMP (y) || SCM_BIGP (y) || SCM_FRACTIONP (y)))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_centered_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG2,
-                       s_scm_centered_divide);
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_positive_p (y)))
-    q = scm_floor (scm_sum (scm_divide (x, y),
-                           exactly_one_half));
-  else if (scm_is_true (scm_negative_p (y)))
-    q = scm_ceiling (scm_difference (scm_divide (x, y),
-                                    exactly_one_half));
-  else
-    scm_num_overflow (s_scm_centered_divide);
-  r = scm_difference (x, scm_product (q, y));
-  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (q, r));
+  scm_round_divide (scm_product (scm_numerator (x), yd),
+                   scm_product (scm_numerator (y), xd),
+                   qp, &r1);
+  *rp = scm_divide (r1, scm_product (xd, yd));
 }
 
 
@@ -2371,7 +3911,7 @@ scm_gcd (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto big_inum;
         }
       else
-        SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_gcd, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_gcd);
+        return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_gcd, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_gcd);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -2401,10 +3941,10 @@ scm_gcd (SCM x, SCM y)
           return scm_i_normbig (result);
         }
       else
-        SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_gcd, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_gcd);
+        return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_gcd, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_gcd);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_gcd, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_gcd);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_gcd, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_gcd);
 }
 
 SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_i_lcm, "lcm", 0, 2, 1,
@@ -2435,10 +3975,11 @@ scm_lcm (SCM n1, SCM n2)
       n2 = SCM_I_MAKINUM (1L);
     }
 
-  SCM_GASSERT2 (SCM_I_INUMP (n1) || SCM_BIGP (n1),
-                g_lcm, n1, n2, SCM_ARG1, s_lcm);
-  SCM_GASSERT2 (SCM_I_INUMP (n2) || SCM_BIGP (n2),
-                g_lcm, n1, n2, SCM_ARGn, s_lcm);
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (!(SCM_I_INUMP (n1) || SCM_BIGP (n1))))
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_lcm, n1, n2, SCM_ARG1, s_lcm);
+  
+  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (!(SCM_I_INUMP (n2) || SCM_BIGP (n2))))
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_lcm, n1, n2, SCM_ARG2, s_lcm);
 
   if (SCM_I_INUMP (n1))
     {
@@ -2571,7 +4112,7 @@ SCM scm_logand (SCM n1, SCM n2)
       else if SCM_BIGP (n2)
        {
        intbig: 
-         if (n1 == 0)
+         if (nn1 == 0)
            return SCM_INUM0;
          {
            SCM result_z = scm_i_mkbig ();
@@ -3568,12 +5109,6 @@ idbl2str (double f, char *a, int radix)
       exp++;
     }
  zero:
-#ifdef ENGNOT 
-  /* adding 9999 makes this equivalent to abs(x) % 3 */
-  dpt = (exp + 9999) % 3;
-  exp -= dpt++;
-  efmt = 1;
-#else
   efmt = (exp < -3) || (exp > wp + 2);
   if (!efmt)
     {
@@ -3590,7 +5125,6 @@ idbl2str (double f, char *a, int radix)
     }
   else
     dpt = 1;
-#endif
 
   do
     {
@@ -3612,7 +5146,6 @@ idbl2str (double f, char *a, int radix)
 
   if (dpt > 0)
     {
-#ifndef ENGNOT
       if ((dpt > 4) && (exp > 6))
        {
          d = (a[0] == '-' ? 2 : 1);
@@ -3622,7 +5155,6 @@ idbl2str (double f, char *a, int radix)
          efmt = 1;
        }
       else
-#endif
        {
          while (--dpt)
            a[ch++] = '0';
@@ -3834,14 +5366,15 @@ scm_bigprint (SCM exp, SCM port, scm_print_state *pstate SCM_UNUSED)
  * in R5RS.  Thus, the functions resemble syntactic units (<ureal R>,
  * <uinteger R>, ...) that are used to build up numbers in the grammar.  Some
  * points should be noted about the implementation:
+ *
  * * Each function keeps a local index variable 'idx' that points at the
  * current position within the parsed string.  The global index is only
  * updated if the function could parse the corresponding syntactic unit
  * successfully.
+ *
  * * Similarly, the functions keep track of indicators of inexactness ('#',
- * '.' or exponents) using local variables ('hash_seen', 'x').  Again, the
- * global exactness information is only updated after each part has been
- * successfully parsed.
+ * '.' or exponents) using local variables ('hash_seen', 'x').
+ *
  * * Sequences of digits are parsed into temporary variables holding fixnums.
  * Only if these fixnums would overflow, the result variables are updated
  * using the standard functions scm_add, scm_product, scm_divide etc.  Then,
@@ -3850,6 +5383,34 @@ scm_bigprint (SCM exp, SCM port, scm_print_state *pstate SCM_UNUSED)
  * digits, a number 1234567890 would be parsed in two parts 12345 and 67890,
  * and the result was computed as 12345 * 100000 + 67890.  In other words,
  * only every five digits two bignum operations were performed.
+ *
+ * Notes on the handling of exactness specifiers:
+ *
+ * When parsing non-real complex numbers, we apply exactness specifiers on
+ * per-component basis, as is done in PLT Scheme.  For complex numbers
+ * written in rectangular form, exactness specifiers are applied to the
+ * real and imaginary parts before calling scm_make_rectangular.  For
+ * complex numbers written in polar form, exactness specifiers are applied
+ * to the magnitude and angle before calling scm_make_polar.
+ * 
+ * There are two kinds of exactness specifiers: forced and implicit.  A
+ * forced exactness specifier is a "#e" or "#i" prefix at the beginning of
+ * the entire number, and applies to both components of a complex number.
+ * "#e" causes each component to be made exact, and "#i" causes each
+ * component to be made inexact.  If no forced exactness specifier is
+ * present, then the exactness of each component is determined
+ * independently by the presence or absence of a decimal point or hash mark
+ * within that component.  If a decimal point or hash mark is present, the
+ * component is made inexact, otherwise it is made exact.
+ *  
+ * After the exactness specifiers have been applied to each component, they
+ * are passed to either scm_make_rectangular or scm_make_polar to produce
+ * the final result.  Note that this will result in a real number if the
+ * imaginary part, magnitude, or angle is an exact 0.
+ * 
+ * For example, (string->number "#i5.0+0i") does the equivalent of:
+ * 
+ *   (make-rectangular (exact->inexact 5) (exact->inexact 0))
  */
 
 enum t_exactness {NO_EXACTNESS, INEXACT, EXACT};
@@ -4100,7 +5661,7 @@ mem2decimal_from_point (SCM result, SCM mem,
          if (sign == 1)
            result = scm_product (result, e);
          else
-           result = scm_divide2real (result, e);
+           result = scm_divide (result, e);
 
          /* We've seen an exponent, thus the value is implicitly inexact. */
          x = INEXACT;
@@ -4616,7 +6177,8 @@ scm_num_eq_p (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
        return SCM_BOOL_F;
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -4651,7 +6213,8 @@ scm_num_eq_p (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
        return SCM_BOOL_F;
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -4689,7 +6252,8 @@ scm_num_eq_p (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto again;
         }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
     }
   else if (SCM_COMPLEXP (x))
     {
@@ -4727,7 +6291,8 @@ scm_num_eq_p (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto again;
         }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -4761,10 +6326,12 @@ scm_num_eq_p (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
        return scm_i_fraction_equalp (x, y);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_eq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_i_num_eq_p);
 }
 
 
@@ -4823,7 +6390,8 @@ scm_less_p (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto again;
         }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_less_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_less_p);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -4851,7 +6419,8 @@ scm_less_p (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
         goto int_frac;
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_less_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_less_p);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -4879,7 +6448,8 @@ scm_less_p (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto again;
         }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_less_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_less_p);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -4912,10 +6482,12 @@ scm_less_p (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto again;
         }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_scm_i_num_less_p);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARGn,
+                                   s_scm_i_num_less_p);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_i_num_less_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_less_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_i_num_less_p);
 }
 
 
@@ -4944,9 +6516,9 @@ SCM
 scm_gr_p (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
   if (!SCM_NUMBERP (x))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_gr_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_gr_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
   else if (!SCM_NUMBERP (y))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_gr_p, x, y, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_gr_p, x, y, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME);
   else
     return scm_less_p (y, x);
 }
@@ -4978,9 +6550,9 @@ SCM
 scm_leq_p (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
   if (!SCM_NUMBERP (x))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_leq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_leq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
   else if (!SCM_NUMBERP (y))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_leq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_leq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME);
   else if (scm_is_true (scm_nan_p (x)) || scm_is_true (scm_nan_p (y)))
     return SCM_BOOL_F;
   else
@@ -5014,9 +6586,9 @@ SCM
 scm_geq_p (SCM x, SCM y)
 {
   if (!SCM_NUMBERP (x))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_geq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_geq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
   else if (!SCM_NUMBERP (y))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_i_num_geq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_i_num_geq_p, x, y, SCM_ARG2, FUNC_NAME);
   else if (scm_is_true (scm_nan_p (x)) || scm_is_true (scm_nan_p (y)))
     return SCM_BOOL_F;
   else
@@ -5043,7 +6615,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_zero_p, "zero?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (z))
     return SCM_BOOL_F;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_zero_p, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_zero_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_zero_p, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_zero_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -5067,7 +6639,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_positive_p, "positive?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     return scm_positive_p (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_positive_p, x, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_positive_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_positive_p, x, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_positive_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -5091,7 +6663,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_negative_p, "negative?", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     return scm_negative_p (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_negative_p, x, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_negative_p);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_negative_p, x, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_negative_p);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -5125,11 +6697,11 @@ scm_max (SCM x, SCM y)
   if (SCM_UNBNDP (y))
     {
       if (SCM_UNBNDP (x))
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_0 (g_max, s_max);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_0 (g_max, s_max);
       else if (SCM_I_INUMP(x) || SCM_BIGP(x) || SCM_REALP(x) || SCM_FRACTIONP(x))
        return x;
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_max, x, SCM_ARG1, s_max);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_max, x, SCM_ARG1, s_max);
     }
   
   if (SCM_I_INUMP (x))
@@ -5168,7 +6740,7 @@ scm_max (SCM x, SCM y)
           return (scm_is_false (scm_less_p (x, y)) ? x : y);
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -5198,7 +6770,7 @@ scm_max (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto use_less;
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -5253,7 +6825,7 @@ scm_max (SCM x, SCM y)
          return (xx < yy) ? scm_from_double (yy) : x;
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -5276,10 +6848,10 @@ scm_max (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto use_less;
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_max);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_max);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_max, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_max);
 }
 
 
@@ -5306,11 +6878,11 @@ scm_min (SCM x, SCM y)
   if (SCM_UNBNDP (y))
     {
       if (SCM_UNBNDP (x))
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_0 (g_min, s_min);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_0 (g_min, s_min);
       else if (SCM_I_INUMP(x) || SCM_BIGP(x) || SCM_REALP(x) || SCM_FRACTIONP(x))
        return x;
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_min, x, SCM_ARG1, s_min);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_min, x, SCM_ARG1, s_min);
     }
   
   if (SCM_I_INUMP (x))
@@ -5339,7 +6911,7 @@ scm_min (SCM x, SCM y)
           return (scm_is_false (scm_less_p (x, y)) ? y : x);
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -5369,7 +6941,7 @@ scm_min (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto use_less;
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -5413,7 +6985,7 @@ scm_min (SCM x, SCM y)
          return (yy < xx) ? scm_from_double (yy) : x;
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -5436,10 +7008,10 @@ scm_min (SCM x, SCM y)
           goto use_less;
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_min);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_min);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_min, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_min);
 }
 
 
@@ -5468,7 +7040,7 @@ scm_sum (SCM x, SCM y)
     {
       if (SCM_NUMBERP (x)) return x;
       if (SCM_UNBNDP (x)) return SCM_INUM0;
-      SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_sum, x, SCM_ARG1, s_sum);
+      return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_sum, x, SCM_ARG1, s_sum);
     }
 
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
@@ -5501,7 +7073,7 @@ scm_sum (SCM x, SCM y)
                                        scm_product (x, SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y))),
                               SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y));
       else
-        SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
+        return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
     } else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
       {
        if (SCM_I_INUMP (y))
@@ -5566,7 +7138,7 @@ scm_sum (SCM x, SCM y)
                                          scm_product (x, SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y))),
                                 SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y));
        else
-         SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
+         return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
       }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -5586,7 +7158,7 @@ scm_sum (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
        return scm_from_double (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x) + scm_i_fraction2double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
     }
   else if (SCM_COMPLEXP (x))
     {
@@ -5610,7 +7182,7 @@ scm_sum (SCM x, SCM y)
        return scm_c_make_rectangular (SCM_COMPLEX_REAL (x) + scm_i_fraction2double (y),
                                 SCM_COMPLEX_IMAG (x));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -5633,10 +7205,10 @@ scm_sum (SCM x, SCM y)
                                        scm_product (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y), SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x))),
                               scm_product (SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x), SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y)));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_sum);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_sum);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_sum, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_sum);
 }
 
 
@@ -5676,7 +7248,7 @@ scm_difference (SCM x, SCM y)
   if (SCM_UNLIKELY (SCM_UNBNDP (y)))
     {
       if (SCM_UNBNDP (x))
-        SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_0 (g_difference, s_difference);
+        return scm_wta_dispatch_0 (g_difference, s_difference);
       else 
         if (SCM_I_INUMP (x))
           {
@@ -5699,7 +7271,7 @@ scm_difference (SCM x, SCM y)
          return scm_i_make_ratio (scm_difference (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x), SCM_UNDEFINED),
                                 SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
         else
-          SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_difference, x, SCM_ARG1, s_difference);
+          return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_difference, x, SCM_ARG1, s_difference);
     }
   
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
@@ -5786,7 +7358,7 @@ scm_difference (SCM x, SCM y)
                                               SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y)),
                               SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -5850,7 +7422,8 @@ scm_difference (SCM x, SCM y)
        return scm_i_make_ratio (scm_difference (scm_product (x, SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y)),
                                               SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y)),
                               SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y));
-      else SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
+      else
+        return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -5870,7 +7443,7 @@ scm_difference (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
        return scm_from_double (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x) - scm_i_fraction2double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
     }
   else if (SCM_COMPLEXP (x))
     {
@@ -5894,7 +7467,7 @@ scm_difference (SCM x, SCM y)
        return scm_c_make_rectangular (SCM_COMPLEX_REAL (x) - scm_i_fraction2double (y),
                                 SCM_COMPLEX_IMAG (x));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -5918,10 +7491,10 @@ scm_difference (SCM x, SCM y)
                                               scm_product (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y), SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x))),
                               scm_product (SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x), SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y)));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_difference);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_difference);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_difference, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_difference);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -5964,7 +7537,7 @@ scm_product (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_NUMBERP (x))
        return x;
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_product, x, SCM_ARG1, s_product);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_product, x, SCM_ARG1, s_product);
     }
   
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
@@ -5997,7 +7570,7 @@ scm_product (SCM x, SCM y)
          else if (SCM_NUMP (y))
            return SCM_INUM0;
          else
-           SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
+           return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
          break;
         case -1:
          /*
@@ -6042,7 +7615,7 @@ scm_product (SCM x, SCM y)
        return scm_i_make_ratio (scm_product (x, SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y)),
                               SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -6077,7 +7650,7 @@ scm_product (SCM x, SCM y)
        return scm_i_make_ratio (scm_product (x, SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y)),
                               SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -6100,7 +7673,7 @@ scm_product (SCM x, SCM y)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
        return scm_from_double (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x) * scm_i_fraction2double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
     }
   else if (SCM_COMPLEXP (x))
     {
@@ -6133,7 +7706,7 @@ scm_product (SCM x, SCM y)
                                   yy * SCM_COMPLEX_IMAG (x));
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -6158,10 +7731,10 @@ scm_product (SCM x, SCM y)
                               scm_product (SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x),
                                            SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y)));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_product);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_product);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_product, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_product);
 }
 
 #if ((defined (HAVE_ISINF) && defined (HAVE_ISNAN)) \
@@ -6225,7 +7798,7 @@ do_divide (SCM x, SCM y, int inexact)
   if (SCM_UNLIKELY (SCM_UNBNDP (y)))
     {
       if (SCM_UNBNDP (x))
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_0 (g_divide, s_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_0 (g_divide, s_divide);
       else if (SCM_I_INUMP (x))
        {
          scm_t_inum xx = SCM_I_INUM (x);
@@ -6279,7 +7852,7 @@ do_divide (SCM x, SCM y, int inexact)
        return scm_i_make_ratio (SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x),
                               SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_divide, x, SCM_ARG1, s_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_divide, x, SCM_ARG1, s_divide);
     }
 
   if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (x)))
@@ -6353,7 +7926,7 @@ do_divide (SCM x, SCM y, int inexact)
        return scm_i_make_ratio (scm_product (x, SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y)),
                               SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
     }
   else if (SCM_BIGP (x))
     {
@@ -6452,7 +8025,7 @@ do_divide (SCM x, SCM y, int inexact)
        return scm_i_make_ratio (scm_product (x, SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y)),
                               SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
     }
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     {
@@ -6491,7 +8064,7 @@ do_divide (SCM x, SCM y, int inexact)
       else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (y))
        return scm_from_double (rx / scm_i_fraction2double (y));
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
     }
   else if (SCM_COMPLEXP (x))
     {
@@ -6549,7 +8122,7 @@ do_divide (SCM x, SCM y, int inexact)
          return scm_c_make_rectangular (rx / yy, ix / yy);
        }
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
     }
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
     {
@@ -6588,10 +8161,10 @@ do_divide (SCM x, SCM y, int inexact)
        return scm_i_make_ratio (scm_product (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x), SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (y)),
                               scm_product (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (y), SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x)));
       else 
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARGn, s_divide);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_divide);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_divide, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_divide);
 }
 
 SCM
@@ -6610,13 +8183,7 @@ static SCM scm_divide2real (SCM x, SCM y)
 double
 scm_c_truncate (double x)
 {
-#if HAVE_TRUNC
   return trunc (x);
-#else
-  if (x < 0.0)
-    return -floor (-x);
-  return floor (x);
-#endif
 }
 
 /* scm_c_round is done using floor(x+0.5) to round to nearest and with
@@ -6661,43 +8228,41 @@ scm_c_round (double x)
          : result);
 }
 
-SCM_DEFINE (scm_truncate_number, "truncate", 1, 0, 0,
-           (SCM x),
-           "Round the number @var{x} towards zero.")
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_truncate_number, "truncate", 1, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x),
+                      "Round the number @var{x} towards zero.")
 #define FUNC_NAME s_scm_truncate_number
 {
-  if (scm_is_false (scm_negative_p (x)))
-    return scm_floor (x);
+  if (SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x))
+    return x;
+  else if (SCM_REALP (x))
+    return scm_from_double (trunc (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x)));
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    return scm_truncate_quotient (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x),
+                                 SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
   else
-    return scm_ceiling (x);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_truncate_number, x, SCM_ARG1,
+                       s_scm_truncate_number);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
-SCM_DEFINE (scm_round_number, "round", 1, 0, 0,
-           (SCM x),
-           "Round the number @var{x} towards the nearest integer. "
-           "When it is exactly halfway between two integers, "
-           "round towards the even one.")
+SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_round_number, "round", 1, 0, 0,
+                      (SCM x),
+                      "Round the number @var{x} towards the nearest integer. "
+                      "When it is exactly halfway between two integers, "
+                      "round towards the even one.")
 #define FUNC_NAME s_scm_round_number
 {
   if (SCM_I_INUMP (x) || SCM_BIGP (x))
     return x;
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     return scm_from_double (scm_c_round (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x)));
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
+    return scm_round_quotient (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x),
+                              SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
   else
-    {
-      /* OPTIMIZE-ME: Fraction case could be done more efficiently by a
-         single quotient+remainder division then examining to see which way
-         the rounding should go.  */
-      SCM plus_half = scm_sum (x, exactly_one_half);
-      SCM result = scm_floor (plus_half);
-      /* Adjust so that the rounding is towards even.  */
-      if (scm_is_true (scm_num_eq_p (plus_half, result))
-          && scm_is_true (scm_odd_p (result)))
-        return scm_difference (result, SCM_INUM1);
-      else
-        return result;
-    }
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_round_number, x, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_round_number);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6711,24 +8276,10 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_floor, "floor", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     return scm_from_double (floor (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x)));
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
-    {
-      SCM q = scm_quotient (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x),
-                           SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
-      if (scm_is_false (scm_negative_p (x)))
-       {
-         /* For positive x, rounding towards zero is correct. */
-         return q;
-       }
-      else
-       {
-         /* For negative x, we need to return q-1 unless x is an
-            integer.  But fractions are never integer, per our
-            assumptions. */
-         return scm_difference (q, SCM_INUM1);
-       }
-    }
+    return scm_floor_quotient (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x),
+                              SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_floor, x, 1, s_scm_floor);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_floor, x, 1, s_scm_floor);
 }  
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6742,24 +8293,10 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_ceiling, "ceiling", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_REALP (x))
     return scm_from_double (ceil (SCM_REAL_VALUE (x)));
   else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (x))
-    {
-      SCM q = scm_quotient (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x),
-                           SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
-      if (scm_is_false (scm_positive_p (x)))
-       {
-         /* For negative x, rounding towards zero is correct. */
-         return q;
-       }
-      else
-       {
-         /* For positive x, we need to return q+1 unless x is an
-            integer.  But fractions are never integer, per our
-            assumptions. */
-         return scm_sum (q, SCM_INUM1);
-       }
-    }
+    return scm_ceiling_quotient (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (x),
+                                SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (x));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_ceiling, x, 1, s_scm_ceiling);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_ceiling, x, 1, s_scm_ceiling);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6798,9 +8335,9 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_expt, "expt", 2, 0, 0,
   else if (scm_is_complex (x) && scm_is_complex (y))
     return scm_exp (scm_product (scm_log (x), y));
   else if (scm_is_complex (x))
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_expt, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_expt);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_expt, x, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_expt);
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_expt, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_expt);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_expt, x, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_expt);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6827,7 +8364,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_sin, "sin", 1, 0, 0,
                                      cos (x) * sinh (y));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_sin, z, 1, s_scm_sin);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_sin, z, 1, s_scm_sin);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6848,7 +8385,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_cos, "cos", 1, 0, 0,
                                      -sin (x) * sinh (y));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_cos, z, 1, s_scm_cos);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_cos, z, 1, s_scm_cos);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6873,7 +8410,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_tan, "tan", 1, 0, 0,
       return scm_c_make_rectangular (sin (x) / w, sinh (y) / w);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_tan, z, 1, s_scm_tan);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_tan, z, 1, s_scm_tan);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6894,7 +8431,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_sinh, "sinh", 1, 0, 0,
                                      cosh (x) * sin (y));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_sinh, z, 1, s_scm_sinh);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_sinh, z, 1, s_scm_sinh);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6915,7 +8452,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_cosh, "cosh", 1, 0, 0,
                                      sinh (x) * sin (y));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_cosh, z, 1, s_scm_cosh);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_cosh, z, 1, s_scm_cosh);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6940,7 +8477,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_tanh, "tanh", 1, 0, 0,
       return scm_c_make_rectangular (sinh (x) / w, sin (y) / w);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_tanh, z, 1, s_scm_tanh);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_tanh, z, 1, s_scm_tanh);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6968,7 +8505,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_asin, "asin", 1, 0, 0,
                           scm_sys_asinh (scm_c_make_rectangular (-y, x)));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_asin, z, 1, s_scm_asin);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_asin, z, 1, s_scm_asin);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -6998,7 +8535,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_acos, "acos", 1, 0, 0,
                                    scm_sys_asinh (scm_c_make_rectangular (-y, x))));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_acos, z, 1, s_scm_acos);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_acos, z, 1, s_scm_acos);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7025,17 +8562,17 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_atan, "atan", 1, 1, 0,
                              scm_c_make_rectangular (0, 2));
         }
       else
-        SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_atan, z, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_atan);
+        return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_atan, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_atan);
     }
   else if (scm_is_real (z))
     {
       if (scm_is_real (y))
         return scm_from_double (atan2 (scm_to_double (z), scm_to_double (y)));
       else
-        SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_atan, z, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_atan);
+        return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_atan, z, y, SCM_ARG2, s_scm_atan);
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_2 (g_scm_atan, z, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_atan);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_2 (g_scm_atan, z, y, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_atan);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7053,7 +8590,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_sys_asinh, "asinh", 1, 0, 0,
                              scm_sqrt (scm_sum (scm_product (z, z),
                                                 SCM_INUM1))));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_sys_asinh, z, 1, s_scm_sys_asinh);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_sys_asinh, z, 1, s_scm_sys_asinh);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7071,7 +8608,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_sys_acosh, "acosh", 1, 0, 0,
                              scm_sqrt (scm_difference (scm_product (z, z),
                                                        SCM_INUM1))));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_sys_acosh, z, 1, s_scm_sys_acosh);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_sys_acosh, z, 1, s_scm_sys_acosh);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7089,7 +8626,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_sys_atanh, "atanh", 1, 0, 0,
                                             scm_difference (SCM_INUM1, z))),
                        SCM_I_MAKINUM (2));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_sys_atanh, z, 1, s_scm_sys_atanh);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_sys_atanh, z, 1, s_scm_sys_atanh);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7190,7 +8727,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_real_part, "real-part", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_I_INUMP (z) || SCM_BIGP (z) || SCM_REALP (z) || SCM_FRACTIONP (z))
     return z;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_real_part, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_real_part);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_real_part, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_real_part);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7205,7 +8742,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_imag_part, "imag-part", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_I_INUMP (z) || SCM_REALP (z) || SCM_BIGP (z) || SCM_FRACTIONP (z))
     return SCM_INUM0;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_imag_part, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_imag_part);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_imag_part, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_imag_part);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7221,7 +8758,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_numerator, "numerator", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_REALP (z))
     return scm_exact_to_inexact (scm_numerator (scm_inexact_to_exact (z)));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_numerator, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_numerator);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_numerator, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_numerator);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7238,7 +8775,8 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_denominator, "denominator", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_REALP (z))
     return scm_exact_to_inexact (scm_denominator (scm_inexact_to_exact (z)));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_denominator, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_denominator);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_denominator, z, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_denominator);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7280,7 +8818,8 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_magnitude, "magnitude", 1, 0, 0,
                             SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (z));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_magnitude, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_magnitude);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_magnitude, z, SCM_ARG1,
+                               s_scm_magnitude);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7326,7 +8865,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_angle, "angle", 1, 0, 0,
       else return scm_from_double (atan2 (0.0, -1.0));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_angle, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_angle);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_angle, z, SCM_ARG1, s_scm_angle);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7345,7 +8884,8 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_exact_to_inexact, "exact->inexact", 1, 0, 0,
   else if (SCM_INEXACTP (z))
     return z;
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_exact_to_inexact, z, 1, s_scm_exact_to_inexact);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_exact_to_inexact, z, 1,
+                               s_scm_exact_to_inexact);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7366,7 +8906,8 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_inexact_to_exact, "inexact->exact", 1, 0, 0,
       else if (SCM_COMPLEXP (z) && SCM_COMPLEX_IMAG (z) == 0.0)
        val = SCM_COMPLEX_REAL (z);
       else
-       SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_inexact_to_exact, z, 1, s_scm_inexact_to_exact);
+       return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_inexact_to_exact, z, 1,
+                                   s_scm_inexact_to_exact);
 
       if (!SCM_LIKELY (DOUBLE_IS_FINITE (val)))
        SCM_OUT_OF_RANGE (1, z);
@@ -7754,46 +9295,6 @@ scm_from_double (double val)
   return z;
 }
 
-#if SCM_ENABLE_DEPRECATED == 1
-
-float
-scm_num2float (SCM num, unsigned long pos, const char *s_caller)
-{
-  scm_c_issue_deprecation_warning
-    ("`scm_num2float' is deprecated. Use scm_to_double instead.");
-
-  if (SCM_BIGP (num))
-    {
-      float res = mpz_get_d (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (num));
-      if (!isinf (res))
-       return res;
-      else
-       scm_out_of_range (NULL, num);
-    }
-  else
-    return scm_to_double (num);
-}
-
-double
-scm_num2double (SCM num, unsigned long pos, const char *s_caller)
-{
-  scm_c_issue_deprecation_warning
-    ("`scm_num2double' is deprecated. Use scm_to_double instead.");
-
-  if (SCM_BIGP (num))
-    {
-      double res = mpz_get_d (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (num));
-      if (!isinf (res))
-       return res;
-      else
-       scm_out_of_range (NULL, num);
-    }
-  else
-    return scm_to_double (num);
-}
-
-#endif
-
 int
 scm_is_complex (SCM val)
 {
@@ -7848,6 +9349,62 @@ scm_is_number (SCM z)
 }
 
 
+/* Returns log(x * 2^shift) */
+static SCM
+log_of_shifted_double (double x, long shift)
+{
+  double ans = log (fabs (x)) + shift * M_LN2;
+
+  if (x > 0.0 || double_is_non_negative_zero (x))
+    return scm_from_double (ans);
+  else
+    return scm_c_make_rectangular (ans, M_PI);
+}
+
+/* Returns log(n), for exact integer n of integer-length size */
+static SCM
+log_of_exact_integer_with_size (SCM n, long size)
+{
+  long shift = size - 2 * scm_dblprec[0];
+
+  if (shift > 0)
+    return log_of_shifted_double
+      (scm_to_double (scm_ash (n, scm_from_long(-shift))),
+       shift);
+  else
+    return log_of_shifted_double (scm_to_double (n), 0);
+}
+
+/* Returns log(n), for exact integer n */
+static SCM
+log_of_exact_integer (SCM n)
+{
+  return log_of_exact_integer_with_size
+    (n, scm_to_long (scm_integer_length (n)));
+}
+
+/* Returns log(n/d), for exact non-zero integers n and d */
+static SCM
+log_of_fraction (SCM n, SCM d)
+{
+  long n_size = scm_to_long (scm_integer_length (n));
+  long d_size = scm_to_long (scm_integer_length (d));
+
+  if (abs (n_size - d_size) > 1)
+    return (scm_difference (log_of_exact_integer_with_size (n, n_size),
+                           log_of_exact_integer_with_size (d, d_size)));
+  else if (scm_is_false (scm_negative_p (n)))
+    return scm_from_double
+      (log1p (scm_to_double (scm_divide2real (scm_difference (n, d), d))));
+  else
+    return scm_c_make_rectangular
+      (log1p (scm_to_double (scm_divide2real
+                            (scm_difference (scm_abs (n), d),
+                             d))),
+       M_PI);
+}
+
+
 /* In the following functions we dispatch to the real-arg funcs like log()
    when we know the arg is real, instead of just handing everything to
    clog() for instance.  This is in case clog() doesn't optimize for a
@@ -7861,7 +9418,8 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_log, "log", 1, 0, 0,
 {
   if (SCM_COMPLEXP (z))
     {
-#if HAVE_COMPLEX_DOUBLE && HAVE_CLOG && defined (SCM_COMPLEX_VALUE)
+#if defined HAVE_COMPLEX_DOUBLE && defined HAVE_CLOG \
+  && defined (SCM_COMPLEX_VALUE)
       return scm_from_complex_double (clog (SCM_COMPLEX_VALUE (z)));
 #else
       double re = SCM_COMPLEX_REAL (z);
@@ -7870,19 +9428,23 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_log, "log", 1, 0, 0,
                                      atan2 (im, re));
 #endif
     }
-  else if (SCM_NUMBERP (z))
+  else if (SCM_REALP (z))
+    return log_of_shifted_double (SCM_REAL_VALUE (z), 0);
+  else if (SCM_I_INUMP (z))
     {
-      /* ENHANCE-ME: When z is a bignum the logarithm will fit a double
-         although the value itself overflows.  */
-      double re = scm_to_double (z);
-      double l = log (fabs (re));
-      if (re >= 0.0)
-        return scm_from_double (l);
-      else
-        return scm_c_make_rectangular (l, M_PI);
+#ifndef ALLOW_DIVIDE_BY_EXACT_ZERO
+      if (scm_is_eq (z, SCM_INUM0))
+       scm_num_overflow (s_scm_log);
+#endif
+      return log_of_shifted_double (SCM_I_INUM (z), 0);
     }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (z))
+    return log_of_exact_integer (z);
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (z))
+    return log_of_fraction (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (z),
+                           SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (z));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_log, z, 1, s_scm_log);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_log, z, 1, s_scm_log);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7907,19 +9469,29 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_log10, "log10", 1, 0, 0,
                                      M_LOG10E * atan2 (im, re));
 #endif
     }
-  else if (SCM_NUMBERP (z))
+  else if (SCM_REALP (z) || SCM_I_INUMP (z))
     {
-      /* ENHANCE-ME: When z is a bignum the logarithm will fit a double
-         although the value itself overflows.  */
-      double re = scm_to_double (z);
-      double l = log10 (fabs (re));
-      if (re >= 0.0)
-        return scm_from_double (l);
-      else
-        return scm_c_make_rectangular (l, M_LOG10E * M_PI);
+#ifndef ALLOW_DIVIDE_BY_EXACT_ZERO
+      if (scm_is_eq (z, SCM_INUM0))
+       scm_num_overflow (s_scm_log10);
+#endif
+      {
+       double re = scm_to_double (z);
+       double l = log10 (fabs (re));
+       if (re > 0.0 || double_is_non_negative_zero (re))
+         return scm_from_double (l);
+       else
+         return scm_c_make_rectangular (l, M_LOG10E * M_PI);
+      }
     }
+  else if (SCM_BIGP (z))
+    return scm_product (flo_log10e, log_of_exact_integer (z));
+  else if (SCM_FRACTIONP (z))
+    return scm_product (flo_log10e,
+                       log_of_fraction (SCM_FRACTION_NUMERATOR (z),
+                                        SCM_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR (z)));
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_log10, z, 1, s_scm_log10);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_log10, z, 1, s_scm_log10);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -7932,7 +9504,8 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_exp, "exp", 1, 0, 0,
 {
   if (SCM_COMPLEXP (z))
     {
-#if HAVE_COMPLEX_DOUBLE && HAVE_CEXP && defined (SCM_COMPLEX_VALUE)
+#if defined HAVE_COMPLEX_DOUBLE && defined HAVE_CEXP \
+  && defined (SCM_COMPLEX_VALUE)
       return scm_from_complex_double (cexp (SCM_COMPLEX_VALUE (z)));
 #else
       return scm_c_make_polar (exp (SCM_COMPLEX_REAL (z)),
@@ -7946,15 +9519,79 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_exp, "exp", 1, 0, 0,
       return scm_from_double (exp (scm_to_double (z)));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_exp, z, 1, s_scm_exp);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_exp, z, 1, s_scm_exp);
+}
+#undef FUNC_NAME
+
+
+SCM_DEFINE (scm_i_exact_integer_sqrt, "exact-integer-sqrt", 1, 0, 0,
+           (SCM k),
+           "Return two exact non-negative integers @var{s} and @var{r}\n"
+           "such that @math{@var{k} = @var{s}^2 + @var{r}} and\n"
+           "@math{@var{s}^2 <= @var{k} < (@var{s} + 1)^2}.\n"
+           "An error is raised if @var{k} is not an exact non-negative integer.\n"
+           "\n"
+           "@lisp\n"
+           "(exact-integer-sqrt 10) @result{} 3 and 1\n"
+           "@end lisp")
+#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_i_exact_integer_sqrt
+{
+  SCM s, r;
+
+  scm_exact_integer_sqrt (k, &s, &r);
+  return scm_values (scm_list_2 (s, r));
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
+void
+scm_exact_integer_sqrt (SCM k, SCM *sp, SCM *rp)
+{
+  if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_I_INUMP (k)))
+    {
+      scm_t_inum kk = SCM_I_INUM (k);
+      scm_t_inum uu = kk;
+      scm_t_inum ss;
+
+      if (SCM_LIKELY (kk > 0))
+       {
+         do
+           {
+             ss = uu;
+             uu = (ss + kk/ss) / 2;
+           } while (uu < ss);
+         *sp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (ss);
+         *rp = SCM_I_MAKINUM (kk - ss*ss);
+       }
+      else if (SCM_LIKELY (kk == 0))
+       *sp = *rp = SCM_INUM0;
+      else
+       scm_wrong_type_arg_msg ("exact-integer-sqrt", SCM_ARG1, k,
+                               "exact non-negative integer");
+    }
+  else if (SCM_LIKELY (SCM_BIGP (k)))
+    {
+      SCM s, r;
+
+      if (mpz_sgn (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (k)) < 0)
+       scm_wrong_type_arg_msg ("exact-integer-sqrt", SCM_ARG1, k,
+                               "exact non-negative integer");
+      s = scm_i_mkbig ();
+      r = scm_i_mkbig ();
+      mpz_sqrtrem (SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (s), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (r), SCM_I_BIG_MPZ (k));
+      scm_remember_upto_here_1 (k);
+      *sp = scm_i_normbig (s);
+      *rp = scm_i_normbig (r);
+    }
+  else
+    scm_wrong_type_arg_msg ("exact-integer-sqrt", SCM_ARG1, k,
+                           "exact non-negative integer");
+}
+
 
 SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_sqrt, "sqrt", 1, 0, 0,
                       (SCM z),
        "Return the square root of @var{z}.  Of the two possible roots\n"
-       "(positive and negative), the one with the a positive real part\n"
+       "(positive and negative), the one with positive real part\n"
        "is returned, or if that's zero then a positive imaginary part.\n"
        "Thus,\n"
        "\n"
@@ -7987,7 +9624,7 @@ SCM_PRIMITIVE_GENERIC (scm_sqrt, "sqrt", 1, 0, 0,
         return scm_from_double (sqrt (xx));
     }
   else
-    SCM_WTA_DISPATCH_1 (g_scm_sqrt, z, 1, s_scm_sqrt);
+    return scm_wta_dispatch_1 (g_scm_sqrt, z, 1, s_scm_sqrt);
 }
 #undef FUNC_NAME
 
@@ -8012,6 +9649,7 @@ scm_init_numbers ()
   scm_add_feature ("complex");
   scm_add_feature ("inexact");
   flo0 = scm_from_double (0.0);
+  flo_log10e = scm_from_double (M_LOG10E);
 
   /* determine floating point precision */
   for (i=2; i <= SCM_MAX_DBL_RADIX; ++i)